CN114486749A - Method and device for detecting initial alpha phase volume fraction of two-phase titanium alloy - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting initial alpha phase volume fraction of two-phase titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN114486749A CN114486749A CN202210090241.4A CN202210090241A CN114486749A CN 114486749 A CN114486749 A CN 114486749A CN 202210090241 A CN202210090241 A CN 202210090241A CN 114486749 A CN114486749 A CN 114486749A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/1702—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/041—Analysing solids on the surface of the material, e.g. using Lamb, Rayleigh or shear waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4472—Mathematical theories or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/1702—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids
- G01N2021/1706—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids in solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for detecting the primary alpha phase volume fraction of a two-phase titanium alloy, belonging to the field of metal material microstructure detection and comprising the following steps: acquiring a metallographic structure image of a sample to be detected, and carrying out primary statistics on the volume fraction of a primary alpha phase in the metallographic structure image; acquiring an ultrasonic signal of a sample to be tested in a laser ultrasonic experiment; carrying out data preprocessing on the ultrasonic signals and then extracting multiple echo peak values of the ultrasonic longitudinal waves; acquiring the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in a sample to be detected; establishing a primary alpha phase volume fraction prediction model based on the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave; and calculating the final primary alpha phase volume fraction of the test sample according to the prediction model. The invention can realize remote and non-contact rapid detection, can obtain the average value of a sample to be detected within a certain volume range, can rapidly characterize the primary alpha phase volume fraction within a short time, and provides reference for the detection of the microstructure in a complex industrial environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal material microstructure detection, in particular to a method and a device for detecting the primary alpha phase volume fraction of a two-phase titanium alloy.
Background
Because the microstructure of the dual-phase titanium alloy is complex, the volume fraction of each component phase has obvious influence on the mechanical property of the alloy. In practice, the microstructure of a dual phase titanium alloy is generally characterized in terms of the volume fraction and grain size of the primary alpha phase. Laser ultrasound technology utilizes laser excitation and detection ultrasound. Can carry out remote and non-contact detection, and is particularly suitable for in-situ on-line detection. In recent years, this technique has been applied to phase change process monitoring of pure titanium, titanium alloys and steels. If the phase volume fraction can be measured on line and fed back to the production process quickly, the generation of poor microstructures can be avoided, and the product quality is improved. Therefore, it is meaningful to research that the phase volume fraction determination based on the laser ultrasonic technology can provide a reference for the online measurement of the phase volume fraction.
The current common quantitative analysis of the microstructure is a metallographic analysis method, namely, an image of the metallographic structure is obtained firstly, and then the phase volume fraction is obtained through image recognition.
This method requires some prior treatment of the sample and results in only the microstructure of the test surface and does not yield a good sample.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method and a device for detecting the primary alpha phase volume fraction of a two-phase titanium alloy, so as to solve the problems that a sample needs to be treated in advance, only the microstructure of a tested surface can be obtained, and the tested sample cannot be well obtained.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for detecting the as-formed alpha phase volume fraction of a dual phase titanium alloy, the method comprising:
step 1: acquiring a metallographic structure image of a sample to be detected, and carrying out primary statistics on the volume fraction of a primary alpha phase in the metallographic structure image;
step 2: acquiring an ultrasonic signal of the sample to be tested in a laser ultrasonic experiment;
and step 3: carrying out data preprocessing on the ultrasonic signals and then extracting multiple echo peak values of ultrasonic longitudinal waves;
and 4, step 4: acquiring the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in a sample to be detected;
and 5: establishing a primary alpha phase volume fraction prediction model based on the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave;
step 6: and calculating the final primary alpha phase volume fraction of the test sample according to the prediction model.
In an alternative embodiment, the step 1 comprises:
step 1-1: obtaining microstructure images of different preset positions in each sample to be tested through a metallographic experiment;
step 1-2: and acquiring equiaxed primary alpha phase volume fraction average values in the microstructure images.
In an alternative embodiment, the step 3 comprises:
step 3-1: reading the ultrasonic signal, and drawing the ultrasonic signal, and recording the ultrasonic signal as a signal Singal 1;
step 3-2: performing wavelet denoising on the signal Singal1, and recording the denoised signal as a signal Singal 2;
step 3-3: reconstructing the Singal2 by a polynomial fitting method and recording as a signal Singal 3;
step 3-4: the multiple echo peaks are found from the single 3 after reconstruction.
In an alternative embodiment, the step 4 comprises:
step 4-1: obtaining the thickness of a sample to be measured;
step 4-2: respectively finding the time corresponding to the first longitudinal wave echo and the time corresponding to the nth longitudinal wave echo from the multiple echo peaks of the signal Singal 3;
step 4-3: and acquiring the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in the sample to be detected.
In an alternative embodiment, the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in the sample to be measured is obtained according to the following formula:
wherein, CLThe ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocity; h is the thickness of the sample to be detected; t is1The time corresponding to the first longitudinal wave echo is obtained; tn is the time corresponding to the nth longitudinal wave echo.
In an alternative embodiment, the step 5 comprises:
step 5-1: drawing a relation curve of the primary alpha-phase volume fraction and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave propagation speed;
step 5-2: and fitting the relation curve according to the shape of the relation curve to obtain the primary alpha phase volume fraction prediction model.
In an alternative embodiment, the nascent alpha phase volume fraction predictive model is represented by the following equation:
Vpα=1.632CL-10063
wherein Vpa is the nascent alpha phase volume fraction, CLThe unit is the velocity of the longitudinal wave in m/s.
In an alternative embodiment, in step 1-1, the number of grains in the field of view of the microstructure image at the preset number of different positions in each sample to be tested is greater than 100.
In an alternative embodiment, in step 3-1, the ultrasonic signal is read by a high-speed signal acquisition card.
In another aspect, there is provided a device for detecting the primary alpha phase volume fraction of a dual phase titanium alloy, the device comprising:
a laser generator for emitting laser light of a specific wavelength;
the optical lens group is used for reflecting the laser with the specific wavelength;
the double-wave hybrid interferometer is used for receiving laser emitted by a sample to be tested;
the high-speed signal acquisition card is used for acquiring ultrasonic signals;
the oscilloscope is used for displaying the ultrasonic signal;
and the data processing server is used for processing and analyzing the detection data.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize remote and non-contact rapid detection due to the characteristics of the laser ultrasonic technology, can obtain the average value of the sample to be detected within a certain volume range, can rapidly represent the primary alpha phase volume fraction within a short time by establishing the primary alpha phase volume fraction prediction model, and provides reference for the detection of the microstructure in a complex industrial environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a detection method for the primary alpha phase volume fraction of a two-phase titanium alloy;
FIG. 2 is an image of a microstructure of different phase volume fractions;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the preprocessed experimental signals;
FIG. 4 is a fitted curve of nascent alpha phase volume fraction and ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocity;
fig. 5 is a structural block diagram of a detection device for the primary alpha phase volume fraction of the dual-phase titanium alloy.
Reference numerals:
1-a laser generator, 2-an optical lens group, 3-a tested sample, 4-a double-wave mixing interferometer, 5-a high-speed signal acquisition card, 6-an oscilloscope and 7-a server.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting a primary alpha phase volume fraction of a dual-phase titanium alloy, referring to fig. 1, the method includes:
step 1: and acquiring a metallographic structure image of the sample to be detected.
Step 2: and acquiring an ultrasonic signal of a sample to be detected in a laser ultrasonic experiment.
And step 3: and extracting multiple echo peak values of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave after data preprocessing is carried out on the ultrasonic signals.
And 4, step 4: and acquiring the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in the sample to be detected.
And 5: and establishing a primary alpha phase volume fraction prediction model based on the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave.
Step 6: and calculating the primary alpha phase volume fraction of the test sample according to the prediction model.
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention obtains the ultrasonic signal of the sample to be tested in the laser ultrasonic experiment by obtaining the metallographic structure image of the sample to be tested and carrying out primary statistics on the volume fraction of the primary alpha phase, extracts the multiple echo peak value of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave after carrying out data preprocessing on the ultrasonic signal, obtains the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in the sample to be tested, establishes a primary alpha phase volume fraction prediction model based on the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave, and calculates the final primary alpha phase volume fraction of the test sample according to the prediction model. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize remote and non-contact rapid detection due to the characteristics of the laser ultrasonic technology, can obtain the average value of the sample to be detected within a certain volume range, can rapidly represent the primary alpha phase volume fraction within a short time by establishing the primary alpha phase volume fraction prediction model, and provides reference for the detection of the microstructure in a complex industrial environment.
The methods provided by the embodiments of the present invention will be further explained and described by alternative embodiments.
In an alternative embodiment, step 1 comprises:
step 1-1: and acquiring microstructure images of different positions of each sample to be tested in a preset number through a metallographic experiment.
Step 1-2: the equiaxed primary alpha phase volume fraction average in the microstructure images was obtained.
Further, as an example, the microstructure images of 5 different positions in each calibration sample are obtained by metallographic experiments, and the number of crystal grains in each image field is more than 100, and the microstructure images of sample # 1, sample # 3 and sample # 5 obtained by the experiments in this example are shown in fig. 2. Respectively counting the primary alpha phase volume fractions VP alpha of the images in an approximately equiaxial shape by using metallographic analysis software Image Pro Plus, and calculating an average value, wherein the results of the example are shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1 volume fraction of nascent alpha phase of test sample
|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Primary alpha phase volume fraction (%) | 70 | 64 | 52 | 25 | 15 |
Step 2: and acquiring an ultrasonic signal of a sample to be detected in a laser ultrasonic experiment.
Laser ultrasound is a non-contact, high-precision, non-destructive novel ultrasonic detection technology. The ultrasonic wave is excited in a detected workpiece by utilizing laser pulses, and the propagation of the ultrasonic wave is detected by utilizing laser beams, so that the information of the workpiece, such as the thickness, the internal and surface defects, the material parameters and the like of the workpiece, is obtained.
And step 3: and extracting multiple echo peak values of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave after data preprocessing is carried out on the ultrasonic signals.
As an example, the ultrasound signal is subjected to data preprocessing such as noise reduction, baseline removal, and the like.
In an alternative embodiment, step 3 comprises:
step 3-1: the ultrasonic signal is read and plotted, i.e. the ultrasonic signal is used as an abscissa and the time is used as an ordinate to plot a curve, which is recorded as signal Singal 1.
And further, reading the ultrasonic signals through a high-speed signal acquisition card and drawing the ultrasonic signals.
Step 3-2: wavelet denoising is performed on the signal Singal1, and the denoised signal is recorded as a signal Singal 2. Wavelet denoising realizes noise elimination through short waves and is consistent with the basic principle of Gaussian denoising.
Step 3-3: reconstructing single 2 by a polynomial fitting method and recording as a signal single 3;
step 3-4: the multiple echo peaks are found from the reconstructed Singal 3.
In an alternative embodiment, step 4 comprises:
step 4-1: obtaining the thickness of a sample to be measured;
step 4-2: the time corresponding to the first longitudinal wave echo and the time corresponding to the nth longitudinal wave echo are respectively found from the peak values of the multiple echoes of the signal Singal 3.
Further, as an example, the time T1 corresponding to the 1 st longitudinal wave echo and the time T6 corresponding to the 6 th longitudinal wave echo can be found from the echo peak extracted from single 3, in this case, the 1 st longitudinal wave echo and the 6 th longitudinal wave echo are marked in fig. 3.
|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Thickness H (mm) | 2.862 | 2.823 | 2.854 | 2.835 | 2.841 |
Longitudinal wave velocity CL (m/s) | 6207 | 6205 | 6198 | 6185 | 6175 |
Step 4-3: and acquiring the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in the sample to be detected.
In an alternative embodiment, the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in the sample to be measured is obtained according to the following formula:
wherein, CLThe ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocity; h is the thickness of the sample to be measured; t is1The time corresponding to the first longitudinal wave echo is obtained; tn is the time corresponding to the nth longitudinal wave echo.
In an alternative embodiment, step 5 comprises:
step 5-1: as shown in fig. 4, a relation curve of the volume fraction of the primary alpha phase and the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave is drawn;
step 5-2: and fitting the relation curve according to the shape of the relation curve to obtain a primary alpha phase volume fraction prediction model.
Carrying out the operation of the step 2-4 on the sample to be tested to obtain the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in the test sample to be 6191 m/s; according to the model f (cl) of step 5-2, the predicted value of the nascent alpha phase volume fraction was calculated to be 40.712%. According to the metallographic statistics, the result is 43%, and the error is 5.3%.
In an alternative embodiment, the nascent alpha phase volume fraction prediction model is represented by the following equation:
Vpα=1.632CL-10063
wherein Vpa is the primary alpha phase volume fraction, CLThe unit is the velocity of the longitudinal wave in m/s.
In an alternative embodiment, in step 1-1, the number of the grains in the field of view of the microstructure image at the preset number of different positions in each sample to be tested is greater than 100.
In an alternative embodiment, in step 3-1, the ultrasonic signals are read by a high-speed signal acquisition card.
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the ultrasonic longitudinal wave speed extracted from the laser ultrasonic signal is calculated and used as an input quantity, and the primary alpha phase volume fraction is quickly characterized by establishing a primary alpha phase volume fraction prediction model, so that reference is provided for microstructure detection in a complex industrial environment.
In another aspect, referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for detecting a primary alpha phase volume fraction of a dual-phase titanium alloy, where the apparatus includes:
a laser generator 1 for emitting laser light of a specific wavelength;
the optical lens group 2 is used for reflecting laser with a specific wavelength;
the double-wave hybrid interferometer 4 is used for receiving laser emitted by the sample 3 to be tested;
a high-speed signal acquisition card 5 for acquiring ultrasonic signals;
the oscilloscope 6 is used for displaying ultrasonic signals;
and the data processing server 7 is used for processing and analyzing the detection data.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting the primary alpha phase volume fraction of a dual phase titanium alloy, the method comprising:
step 1: acquiring a metallographic structure image of a sample to be detected, and carrying out primary statistics on the volume fraction of a primary alpha phase in the metallographic structure image;
step 2: acquiring an ultrasonic signal of the sample to be tested in a laser ultrasonic experiment;
and step 3: carrying out data preprocessing on the ultrasonic signals and then extracting multiple echo peak values of ultrasonic longitudinal waves;
and 4, step 4: acquiring the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in a sample to be detected;
and 5: establishing a primary alpha phase volume fraction prediction model based on the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave;
step 6: and calculating the final primary alpha phase volume fraction of the test sample according to the prediction model.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein step 1 comprises:
step 1-1: obtaining microstructure images of different preset positions in each sample to be tested through a metallographic experiment;
step 1-2: and acquiring equiaxed primary alpha phase volume fraction average values in the microstructure images.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein step 3 comprises:
step 3-1: reading the ultrasonic signal, and drawing the ultrasonic signal, and recording the ultrasonic signal as a signal Singal 1;
step 3-2: performing wavelet denoising on the signal Singal1, and recording the denoised signal as a signal Singal 2;
step 3-3: reconstructing the Singal2 by a polynomial fitting method and recording as a signal Singal 3;
step 3-4: the multiple echo peaks are found from the single 3 after reconstruction.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step 4 comprises:
step 4-1: obtaining the thickness of a sample to be measured;
step 4-2: respectively finding the time corresponding to the first longitudinal wave echo and the time corresponding to the nth longitudinal wave echo from the multiple echo peaks of the signal Singal 3;
step 4-3: and acquiring the propagation speed of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in the sample to be detected.
5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave in the sample to be measured is obtained according to the following formula:
wherein, CLThe ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocity; h is the thickness of the sample to be detected; t is1The time corresponding to the first longitudinal wave echo is obtained; tn is the time corresponding to the nth longitudinal wave echo.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step 5 comprises:
step 5-1: drawing a relation curve of the primary alpha-phase volume fraction and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave propagation speed;
step 5-2: and fitting the relation curve according to the shape of the relation curve to obtain the primary alpha phase volume fraction prediction model.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the nascent alpha phase volume fraction predictive model is represented by the following equation:
Vpα=1.632CL-10063
wherein Vpa is the nascent alpha phase volume fraction, CLThe unit is the velocity of the longitudinal wave in m/s.
8. The method according to claim 2, wherein the number of the grains in the visual field of the microstructure image at the preset number of different positions in each sample to be tested in the step 1-1 is more than 100.
9. The method according to claim 3, wherein in step 3-1, the ultrasonic signals are read by a high-speed signal acquisition card.
10. A device for detecting the nascent alpha phase volume fraction of a dual phase titanium alloy, the device comprising:
a laser generator for emitting laser light of a specific wavelength;
the optical lens group is used for reflecting the laser with the specific wavelength;
the double-wave hybrid interferometer is used for receiving laser emitted by a sample to be tested;
the high-speed signal acquisition card is used for acquiring ultrasonic signals;
the oscilloscope is used for displaying the ultrasonic signal;
and the data processing server is used for processing and analyzing the detection data.
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