CN114455818A - Glass hot bending die and glass hot bending forming method - Google Patents
Glass hot bending die and glass hot bending forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114455818A CN114455818A CN202210301305.0A CN202210301305A CN114455818A CN 114455818 A CN114455818 A CN 114455818A CN 202210301305 A CN202210301305 A CN 202210301305A CN 114455818 A CN114455818 A CN 114455818A
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 184
- 238000013003 hot bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
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- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
- C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
- C03B23/03—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by press-bending between shaping moulds
- C03B23/0302—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by press-bending between shaping moulds between opposing full-face shaping moulds
Abstract
The invention provides a glass hot bending die and a glass hot bending forming method, and relates to the technical field of hot bending dies. The glass hot bending die comprises a female die assembly and a male die assembly, wherein the female die assembly mainly comprises a graphite female die, a female die protection sheet consistent with the profile of the graphite female die and a female die fixing insert, and the male die assembly mainly comprises a graphite male die, a male die protection sheet consistent with the profile of the graphite male die and a male die fixing insert; in the hot-bending forming process, the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet replace a graphite female die and a graphite male die to directly contact with the glass to be hot-bent respectively, because the surfaces of the female die protection sheet and the glass to be hot-bent and the surfaces of the male die protection sheet and the glass to be hot-bent are bright and have lower roughness, the surfaces of the glass to be formed are still bright, no die marks are poor, the die marks generated on the surface of the glass by the hot-bent rear die are avoided, the polishing time of the hot-bent rear product can be reduced simultaneously, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hot bending molds, in particular to a glass hot bending mold and a glass hot bending forming method.
Background
The hot bending forming process in the hot bending industry at present is as follows (detailed as figure 1): the method comprises the steps of placing glass to be hot-bent on a graphite female die (isostatic pressing graphite material), placing a graphite male die (isostatic pressing graphite material) on the glass to be hot-bent, then placing the assembled die on special hot-bending machine equipment, wherein the equipment gradually heats and softens the glass to a viscous flow state by transmitting temperature (set special machine operating parameters including a temperature curve and a pressure curve) to the die and the glass, applying pressure to the die at proper time, gradually pressing a product to the bottom of the die from a flat state, and enabling the glass to be completely attached to a die cavity. After the glass is attached to the mold, the machine can perform a series of actions such as pressure maintaining, temperature reduction, cooling and the like, so that the product is converted from a high-temperature viscous flow state into a normal-temperature solid state, and the required design appearance, the required length, width, arc height, profile degree and other precision ranges can be achieved.
The hot bending forming method is the most advanced method in the industry, has the highest production efficiency and is the method with the widest application range. The biggest problem of the hot bending forming method is determined by the characteristics of graphite materials and CNC (computerized numerical control) processing level, the roughness Sa of the surface (direct contact surface with glass) of a die cavity, which can really realize mass production at present, is about 500nm (a relatively flat and slow area), and the surface roughness Sa of the arc edge position is generally more than 1000nm due to the difficult CNC processing and poor stability. The conditions determine that when the glass is extruded by a mold, is rubbed with the mold and the like in the hot bending forming process, the surface roughness of the hot bent glass is higher, heavier/deeper mold marks exist, and the time required for polishing the surface of a product to be bright subsequently is greatly prolonged, wherein the concave surface polishing time of the product at present needs 6300 seconds, and the convex surface polishing time needs 1800 seconds.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a glass hot bending mould to solve the technical problem that the existing mould needs a longer polishing process to repair the mould impression on the surface of glass after hot bending.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a glass hot bending forming method, which adopts the glass hot bending mould to carry out hot bending forming.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a glass hot bending die which comprises a female die assembly and a male die assembly;
the female die assembly mainly comprises a graphite female die, a female die protection sheet consistent with the profile tolerance of the graphite female die and a female die fixing insert, and the male die assembly mainly comprises a graphite male die, a male die protection sheet consistent with the profile tolerance of the graphite male die and a male die fixing insert;
the graphite female die and the graphite male die can be matched with each other to form a die cavity for processing glass to be hot-bent, the female die protection sheet is arranged on one side of the graphite female die, which faces the die cavity, and the female die protection sheet is fixed on the graphite female die through the female die fixing insert; the side, facing the die cavity, of the graphite male die is provided with the male die protection sheet, and the male die protection sheet is fixed on the graphite male die through the male die fixing insert;
the surface roughness Sa value of the concave die protection sheet and the convex die protection sheet contacting with the glass to be hot-bent is less than 50nm, and the softening temperature of the concave die protection sheet and the convex die protection sheet is higher than that of the glass to be hot-bent by more than 30 ℃.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme, the expansion coefficients of the concave die protection sheet and the convex die protection sheet are different from the expansion coefficient of the glass to be hot-bent by +/-15%.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme, the female die protection plate and the male die protection plate are made of the same material;
preferably, the female die protection plate and the male die protection plate are made of one of glass and titanium alloy.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme, the female die protection sheet and the graphite female die are in clearance fit, and the female die protection sheet and the female die fixing insert are in interference fit.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the male die protection sheet and the male die fixing insert are in clearance fit, and the graphite male die and the male die fixing insert are in fastening assembly.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the thicknesses of the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet are respectively and independently 0.2mm-1.3 mm;
preferably, the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet are both provided with a plurality of through holes;
preferably, the diameter of the through hole is 0.1-1.0 mm.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the female die protection sheet comprises a first substrate and a first diamond-like carbon film layer arranged on the concave surface of the first substrate;
preferably, the male die protection sheet comprises a second substrate and a second diamond-like film layer disposed on the convex surface of the second substrate.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the female die fixing insert and the male die fixing insert are made of graphite.
The invention also provides a glass hot bending forming method, which adopts the glass hot bending mould to carry out hot bending forming on glass to be hot bent.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the glass hot bending forming method comprises the following steps:
(a) assembling the graphite female die, the female die protection sheet and the female die fixing insert into a female die assembly, and assembling the graphite male die, the male die protection sheet and the male die fixing insert into a male die assembly;
(b) placing glass to be hot-bent into the female die assembly, then placing the male die assembly on the glass to be hot-bent, and closing the dies;
(c) and (4) placing the glass hot bending die after die assembly in a hot bending machine for hot bending forming.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a glass hot bending die which comprises a female die component and a male die component, wherein the female die component mainly comprises a graphite female die, a female die protection sheet consistent with the profile of the graphite female die and a female die fixing insert; different from the conventional hot bending die, in the hot bending forming process, the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet in the glass hot bending die respectively replace a graphite female die and a graphite male die to directly contact with the glass to be hot bent, because the surfaces of the female die protection sheet and the glass to be hot bent and the surfaces of the male die protection sheet and the glass to be hot bent are bright and have lower roughness, the surfaces are still bright after the glass is formed, die marks are not poor, the die marks generated by the hot bending rear die on the surface of the glass are avoided, and meanwhile, the polishing time of the hot bent products can be greatly reduced, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
(2) The invention provides a glass hot bending forming method, which adopts the glass hot bending mould to carry out hot bending forming on glass to be hot bent; in view of the advantages of the glass hot bending mold, the hot bending molding method has the same advantages, and can directly avoid the generation of the impression on the surface of the glass product, thereby greatly reducing the subsequent polishing time, obviously improving the production efficiency, greatly reducing the production cost and having good industrial popularization value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hot bending process of a prior art hot bending die;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a glass hot bending mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a male die assembly in one embodiment provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between a male mold protection sheet and a graphite male mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a punch-fixing insert according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an assembled male die assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a male die assembly in one embodiment provided by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of portion A of the die assembly of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of detail B of the die assembly of FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a female die assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a concave mold protection sheet and a graphite concave mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a cavity die fixing insert according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of an assembled female die assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a top view of a female die assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of detail C of the die assembly of FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of detail D of the die assembly of FIG. 15;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing a process for manufacturing a female protective sheet and a male protective sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a female die assembly and a male die assembly in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship between the female die assembly and the glass to be hot-bent according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a schematic structural view of an assembled lower die assembly and upper die assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-a female die assembly; 11-a graphite female die; 12-a female die protection sheet; 13-fixing the insert by using the female die; 2-a male die assembly; 21-a graphite male die; 22-a male die protection sheet; 23-fixing the insert by using a male die; 24-a screw; 25-a nut; 3-bending the glass to be heated.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments and examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments and examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those who do not specify the conditions are performed according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a glass hot-bending mould is provided, and the specific structure is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a female mould component 1 and a male mould component 2;
the female die assembly 1 mainly comprises a graphite female die 11, a female die protection sheet 12 with the same profile degree as the graphite female die 11 and a female die fixing insert 13, and the male die assembly 2 mainly comprises a graphite male die 21, a male die protection sheet 22 with the same profile degree as the graphite male die 21 and a male die fixing insert 23;
the graphite female die 11 and the graphite male die 21 are matched with each other to form a die cavity for processing glass to be hot-bent, a female die protection sheet 12 is arranged on one side of the graphite female die 11 facing the die cavity, and the female die protection sheet 12 can be fixed on the graphite female die 11 through a female die fixing insert 13; a male die protection sheet 22 is arranged on one side of the graphite male die 21 facing the die cavity, and the male die protection sheet 22 can be fixed on the graphite male die 21 through a male die fixing insert 23;
the roughness Sa value of the surfaces of the concave die protection sheet 12 and the convex die protection sheet 22 which are contacted with the glass to be hot-bent is less than 50nm, and the softening temperature of the concave die protection sheet 12 and the convex die protection sheet 22 is more than 30 ℃ higher than that of the glass 3 to be hot-bent.
Specifically, unlike the conventional mold assembled by a graphite female mold 11 and a graphite male mold 21, the glass hot-bending mold provided by the invention comprises the graphite female mold 11 and the graphite male mold 21, and also comprises a female mold protection sheet 12, a female mold fixing insert 13, a male mold protection sheet 22, a male mold fixing insert 23 and other structures, namely the graphite female mold 11, the female mold protection sheet 12, the female mold fixing insert 13 and other structures form a female mold assembly 1, and the graphite male mold 21, the male mold protection sheet 22, the male mold fixing insert 23 and other structures form a male mold assembly 2.
The graphite female die 11 and the graphite male die 21 in the traditional hot bending die can form a die cavity, and the graphite female die 11 and the graphite male die 21 are directly contacted with the glass 3 to be hot bent in the hot bending forming process. When the glass hot bending mold is used for hot bending molding, the female die protection sheet 12 is detachably fixed on the graphite female die 11 through the female die fixing insert 13, and the male die protection sheet 22 is detachably fixed on the graphite male die 21 through the male die fixing insert 23, so that the female die protection sheet 12 and the male die protection sheet 22 are also arranged in a mold cavity formed by the graphite female die 11 and the graphite male die 21, namely the female die protection sheet 12 and the male die protection sheet 22 respectively replace the graphite female die 11 and the graphite male die 21 to directly contact with glass 3 to be hot bent.
It should be noted that, since the female protective sheet 12 and the male protective sheet 22 are placed in the mold cavity formed by the female graphite mold 11 and the male graphite mold 21 during the hot bending, the shapes of the female protective sheet 12 and the male protective sheet 22 have the same size as the corresponding mold cavity, and it can also be understood that the female protective sheet 12 has the same profile as the female graphite mold 11, and the male protective sheet 22 has the same profile as the male graphite mold 21.
The specific types of the materials used for the female die protection sheet 12 and the male die protection sheet 22 are not limited, but the softening temperatures of the female die protection sheet 12 and the male die protection sheet 22 are both higher than the softening temperature of the glass to be hot-bent by more than 30 ℃, so that the glass to be hot-bent is softened during hot-bending forming, but the female die protection sheet 12 and the male die protection sheet 22 are in a hard state, and the deformation and damage of the protection sheets are avoided.
Because the concave die protection sheet 12 and the convex die protection sheet 22 are in direct contact with the surface of the glass 3 to be hot-bent, the contact surface of the concave die protection sheet 12 and the glass 3 to be hot-bent and the contact surface of the convex die protection sheet 22 and the glass 3 to be hot-bent are bright and have low roughness, so that the surface of the glass after being formed is still bright, and the defects of die marks and the like are avoided.
The surfaces of the female protective sheet 12 and male protective sheet 22 that are in contact with the glass to be hot-bent have Sa values of < 50nm, preferably < 30nm, more preferably < 3nm, and typical but non-limiting roughness Sa values of 48nm, 45nm, 42nm, 40nm, 35nm, 32nm, 30nm, 28nm, 25nm, 22nm, 20nm, 18nm, 15nm, 12nm, 10nm, 8nm, 5nm, 3nm, 2nm, 1nm, or the like.
The invention provides a glass hot bending die which comprises a female die component and a male die component, wherein the female die component mainly comprises a graphite female die, a female die protection sheet consistent with the profile of the graphite female die and a female die fixing insert; different from the conventional hot bending die, in the hot bending forming process, the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet in the glass hot bending die respectively replace a graphite female die and a graphite male die to directly contact with the glass to be hot bent, because the surfaces of the female die protection sheet and the glass to be hot bent and the surfaces of the male die protection sheet and the glass to be hot bent are bright and have lower roughness, the surfaces are still bright after the glass is formed, die marks are not poor, the die marks generated by the hot bending rear die on the surface of the glass are avoided, and meanwhile, the polishing time of the hot bent products can be greatly reduced, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
The type of the material used for the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet is not particularly limited, and the material with the expansion coefficient similar to that of the glass to be hot-bent can be used. As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the expansion coefficients of the materials used for the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet are different from the expansion coefficient of the glass to be hot-bent by +/-15%, that is, the expansion coefficients of the materials used for the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet are different from the expansion coefficient of the glass to be hot-bent by-15%, -14%, -12%, -10%, -8%, -6%, -5%, -4%, -2%, 0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14% or 15%. If the difference between the expansion coefficients of the protection sheet and the glass to be bent is large, the glass to be bent attached to the protection sheet is likely to crack, and traces are likely to be generated.
The material adopted by the concave die protection sheet and the convex die protection sheet is further optimized. In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the female protective sheet and the male protective sheet are made of the same material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material used for the female protective sheet and the male protective sheet is glass or titanium alloy.
Although the concave die protection sheet and the convex die protection sheet are made of glass, and the product to be hot-bent is also made of glass, the softening temperature of the glass used for the concave die protection sheet and the convex die protection sheet can be higher than the softening temperature of the glass to be hot-bent by more than 30 ℃ (including 30 ℃) by selecting different types of glass materials, so that the glass to be hot-bent is softened during hot-bending forming, but the concave die protection sheet and the convex die protection sheet are in a hard state.
The female die protection plate and the male die protection plate are made of glass, and the female die protection plate and the male die protection plate can also be made of titanium alloy.
Preferably, the melting point of the titanium alloy used for the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet is higher than the softening temperature of the glass to be hot-bent by more than 50 ℃ (including 50 ℃).
The thickness of the concave die protection sheet and the convex die protection sheet is further optimized. If the thickness of protection piece is too thin, yielding is not durable, if the thickness of protection piece is too thick, difficult processing, heat transfer is slower. As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet is 0.2mm to 1.3mm, respectively and independently.
Typical but non-limiting thicknesses of the female and male protective sheets are 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, or 1.3 mm.
As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the material of the female die fixing insert is graphite.
As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the material of the male mold fixing insert is graphite.
The material of the female die fixing insert and the male die fixing insert is limited, so that the female die protection sheet or the male die protection sheet can be prevented from being broken due to the fact that the female die protection sheet or the male die protection sheet contacts other hard materials.
The male die component mainly comprises components such as a graphite male die, a male die protection sheet, a male die fixing insert and the like, and the assembling process of the male die component comprises the following steps:
(a) preparing the components of the male die assembly: the graphite male die, the male die protection sheet and the male die fixing insert are arranged on the base, and the concrete structure of the graphite male die, the male die protection sheet and the male die fixing insert is shown in FIG. 3;
(b) assembling a male die protection sheet: flatly placing the male die on the working table surface, and then placing the male die protection sheet on the working table centrally, which is detailed in figure 4;
(c) and (3) integral assembly: as shown in fig. 5, the male die fixing insert is sleeved on the male die protection sheet, the screw hole position of the male die fixing insert is aligned with the screw hole position of the male die, and then the male die fixing insert is fastened by using M3 × 10 screws and nuts, after the male die fixing insert is fastened and assembled with the male die, the male die protection sheet has a certain moving space, which is specifically shown in fig. 6.
When the male die protection plate is made of glass, the graphite male die is made of graphite, the expansion coefficients of the graphite male die and the graphite male die are different, part of the graphite is smaller than the expansion coefficient of the glass, and the expansion amount of the graphite male die is different in a high-temperature environment (700 +/-100 ℃). If no expansion gap is left, the glass can be extruded and deformed and scrapped, and the service life is influenced. In order to explain the assembly clearance, the width direction of the glass to be subjected to hot bending corresponding to the graphite male die is selected as the X-axis direction, the length direction of the glass to be subjected to hot bending corresponding to the graphite male die is selected as the Y-axis direction, and the thickness direction of the glass to be subjected to hot bending corresponding to the graphite male die is selected as the Z-axis direction.
As an optional implementation mode of the invention, the male die protection sheet is in clearance fit with the male die fixing insert.
Among them, the Y-axis direction is the glass length direction, and therefore the expansion amount is the largest. As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the clearance between the convex mould protection plate and the single edge of the convex mould fixing insert along the Y-axis direction is 0.1-0.5 mm; the clearance between the convex die protection plate and the convex die fixing insert along the Z-axis direction is 0.1-0.3 mm. The edge of the male die protection sheet is relatively sharp, and in order to avoid damage caused by scraping when the male die protection sheet is in contact with the graphite male die during overturning and thermal expansion, the gap between the edge of the male die protection sheet and the step on the graphite male die is 0.1-0.2mm, as shown in fig. 7-9.
Through the further injeciton to above-mentioned fitting gap for the terrace die screening glass can assemble into whole subassembly with the laminating of graphite terrace die, can avoid again because of when thermal expansion, because of the coefficient of expansion difference leads to terrace die screening glass and graphite terrace die or the fixed mold insert extrusion deformation of terrace die, in order to promote life, the average number of times of use of terrace die screening glass can reach 300 at present.
The die assembly mainly comprises members such as a graphite die, a die protection sheet and a die fixing insert, and the assembling process of the die assembly comprises the following steps:
(a) preparing each component of the die assembly: the graphite female die, the female die protection sheet and the female die fixing insert are structurally shown in figure 10;
(b) assembling a concave die protection sheet: flatly placing the graphite female die on the working table, and then placing the female die protection sheet on the graphite female die in the middle, wherein the details are shown in fig. 11;
(c) and (3) integral assembly: as shown in fig. 12-13, the female mold fixing insert is placed on the graphite female mold and slightly knocked in, and the assembly relationship between the two is interference fit.
When the concave die protection plate is made of glass, the graphite concave die is made of graphite, the expansion coefficients of the graphite concave die and the graphite concave die are different, part of the graphite is smaller than the expansion coefficient of the glass, and the expansion amount of the graphite concave die is different in a high-temperature environment (700 +/-100 ℃). In order to explain the assembly gap, the width direction of the glass to be subjected to hot bending corresponding to the graphite female die is selected to be the X-axis direction, the length direction of the glass to be subjected to hot bending corresponding to the graphite female die is selected to be the Y-axis direction, and the thickness direction of the glass to be subjected to hot bending corresponding to the graphite female die is selected to be the Z-axis direction.
Wherein, the axial direction is the glass length direction, so the expansion amount is the largest, and the unilateral clearance between the concave die protection sheet and the limit step on the graphite concave die can be set to be 0.1-0.5 mm. In order to avoid damage and dust caused by scraping after the edge of the female die protection sheet expands due to heating or contacts with the female die fixing insert after moving, the female die protection sheet and the female die fixing insert are in clearance fit. Preferably, the clearance between the die protection sheet and the die fixing insert is 0.1-0.2 mm.
Through the further injeciton to above-mentioned fitting gap for the die screening sheet can assemble into whole subassembly with the laminating of graphite die, can avoid again because of when the thermal expansion, leads to screening sheet and mould extrusion deformation because of the coefficient of expansion difference, in order to promote life, die screening sheet average use number of times can reach 300 at present.
As an optional implementation mode of the invention, the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet are both provided with a plurality of through holes. The through holes are arranged, so that rapid exhaust in the hot bending forming process can be guaranteed, and the surface appearance effect of the glass product is not influenced.
The number and arrangement of the through holes are not particularly limited, and can be set according to the appearance requirement of the product. For example, the positions and the number of the holes are arranged in a # -shaped manner, and the horizontal and vertical spacing is 10mm +/-5 mm.
Preferably, the diameter of the through-hole is 0.1-1.0 mm.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the female die protection sheet comprises a first substrate and a first diamond-like carbon film layer arranged on the concave surface of the first substrate;
preferably, the male die protection sheet comprises a second substrate and a second diamond-like film layer disposed on the convex surface of the second substrate.
Through the limitation to the specific structure of the concave surface of the concave die protection plate and the convex surface of the convex die protection plate, the surface hardness is high, and the abrasion resistance effect is good. And through the setting of first diamond-like carbon rete and second diamond-like carbon rete, still can make when die protection piece and terrace die protection piece all adopt the glass material, die protection piece and terrace die protection piece can not produce partial adhesion between the glass of treating the hot bending in the hot bending forming process to indirectly play carminative effect.
It should be noted that the first diamond-like carbon film layer and the second diamond-like carbon film layer do not affect the roughness of the surface of the female mold protection sheet contacting the glass to be hot-bent (also understood as the concave surface of the first substrate), and the second diamond-like carbon film layer does not affect the roughness of the surface of the male mold protection sheet contacting the glass to be hot-bent (also understood as the convex surface of the second substrate).
The method for producing the female protective sheet and the male protective sheet may be produced by a production method that is conventional in the art.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a method for producing protective sheets (a female protective sheet and a male protective sheet) includes the steps of:
(a) selecting materials: the glass is selected as the material of the protective sheet (such as the corning series, AGC series and Schottky series commonly used in the glass industry), and the thickness range is 0.2mm-1.3 mm. According to different materials of the glass to be bent, the softening temperature of the protective sheet needs to be selected and is higher than the softening temperature of the glass to be bent by more than 30 ℃ when the materials are selected;
(b) cutting and CNC: cutting by using a cutting machine table, wherein the cutting machine table has approximate overall dimension and dimensional precision tolerance of +/-0.2 mm, and a CNC machine table and a grinding wheel rod are used for finely trimming the dimension and the edge chamfer, so that the machined dimension precision is high (+/-0.02 mm), the edge is provided with the chamfer, the edge is not easy to break, the graphite is not easy to scratch, and the like, and the shape of the cutting machine table is a flat sheet;
(c) hot bending and forming: and (3) placing the flat glass after CNC fine trimming into a special protective plate hot bending die, and then carrying out hot bending molding by using a hot bending machine, wherein the molding pressure and the stable parameters are the same as the conventional hot bending parameters. After molding, the protective sheet has the profile degree consistent with the original mold cavity surface needing to be replaced;
(d) polishing the surface of the cavity: polishing the concave surface of the concave die protection sheet and the convex surface of the convex die protection sheet (refer to figure 17) by using a polishing machine respectively, wherein the polished surfaces are bright, and the numerical value of the roughness Sa is less than 50 nm;
(e) laser drilling: the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet are respectively perforated by a laser perforating instrument (according to the appearance requirement of the product, the diameter range thereof
) The positions and the number of the holes are arranged in a # -shape, the horizontal and vertical spacing is 10mm +/-5 mm, and the protective sheet can achieve the effect of quickly exhausting air after the holes are punched without influencing the surface appearance of the product;
(f) coating a protective sheet: the concave surface of the concave die protection plate and the convex surface of the convex die protection plate are respectively coated by utilizing a sputtering machine, and the coating material is diamond-like carbon (DLC) which has the characteristics of high surface hardness and abrasion resistance.
After the 6 processes, the protective sheet is manufactured. The preparation method has the excellent characteristics of mass replication production (practical significance and popularization), self-lubricating property, air permeability (easy demoulding), wear resistance, small deformation degree (the service life of a single chip can reach 300 times) and the like.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the glass hot bending forming method is also provided, and the glass hot bending mould is adopted to carry out hot bending forming on glass to be subjected to hot bending.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a glass hot-bending forming method includes the steps of:
(a) assembling a graphite female die, a female die protection sheet and a female die fixing insert into a female die assembly, and assembling a graphite male die, a male die protection sheet and a male die fixing insert into a male die assembly, as shown in fig. 18 specifically;
(b) placing the glass to be subjected to hot bending in a female die assembly as shown in fig. 19, then placing a male die assembly on the glass to be subjected to hot bending, and closing the dies as shown in fig. 20;
(c) and (4) placing the glass hot bending die after die assembly in a hot bending machine for hot bending forming.
In view of the advantages of the glass hot bending mold, the method for hot bending and molding the glass to be hot bent by using the glass hot bending mold can directly avoid the generation of the impression on the surface of a glass product, thereby greatly reducing the subsequent polishing time, obviously improving the production efficiency, greatly reducing the production cost and having good industrial popularization value.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a glass hot bending die which comprises a female die assembly and a male die assembly;
the female die assembly mainly comprises a graphite female die, a female die protection sheet consistent with the profile tolerance of the graphite female die and a female die fixing insert, and the male die assembly mainly comprises a graphite male die, a male die protection sheet consistent with the profile tolerance of the graphite male die and a male die fixing insert;
the graphite female die and the graphite male die are matched with each other to form a die cavity for processing glass to be hot-bent, a female die protection sheet is arranged on one side of the graphite female die, which faces the die cavity, and the female die protection sheet can be fixed on the graphite female die through a female die fixing insert; a male die protection sheet is arranged on one side of the graphite male die, which faces the die cavity, and the male die protection sheet can be fixed on the graphite male die through a male die fixing insert;
the roughness Sa value of the surfaces of the female die protection plate and the male die protection plate, which are in contact with the glass to be thermally bent, is less than 10nm, the surface of the female die protection plate, which is in contact with the glass to be thermally bent, is provided with a first diamond-like carbon film layer, and the surface of the male die protection plate, which is in contact with the glass to be thermally bent, is provided with a second diamond-like carbon film layer.
The model of the glass used by the female die protection plate and the male die protection plate is GG5, the softening temperature of the glass is about 710 ℃, and the model of the glass used by the glass to be hot-bent is GG7, the softening temperature of the glass is 680 ℃.
The female die fixing insert and the male die fixing insert are made of graphite.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a glass hot bending forming method, which adopts the glass hot bending mold provided in embodiment 1 to carry out hot bending forming on glass to be subjected to hot bending, and comprises the following steps:
(a) assembling the graphite female die, the female die protection sheet and the female die fixing insert into a female die assembly, and assembling the graphite male die, the male die protection sheet and the male die fixing insert into a male die assembly;
(b) placing glass to be hot-bent into the female die assembly, then placing the male die assembly on the glass to be hot-bent, and closing the dies;
(c) and (4) placing the glass hot bending die after die assembly in a hot bending machine for hot bending forming.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides an existing glass hot bending die, which comprises a graphite female die and a graphite male die.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a glass hot bending forming method, the glass hot bending mould provided by the comparative example 1 is adopted to carry out hot bending forming on glass to be subjected to hot bending, and the method comprises the following steps:
(a) placing glass to be hot-bent in a graphite female die, then placing a graphite male die on the glass to be hot-bent, and closing the die;
(b) and (4) placing the glass hot bending die after die assembly in a hot bending machine for hot bending forming.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a glass hot-bending forming method, comprising the following steps:
(a) printing ink layers on two sides of the glass to be thermally bent, wherein the thickness of each ink layer is 4 mu m; the ink layer is formed by mixing the ink, a curing agent and a diluent, and the formula of the ink comprises: 50% of silicone resin, 10% of alumina, 20% of accelerator DM, 10% of calcium carbonate and 10% of glass powder; the glass powder is prepared by mixing poly-p-phenylene-dioxazole fibers, silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide. The ink is white paste fluid with aromatic odor and molecular weight Mn of 21 x 103The temperature is 800-;
(b) placing the glass to be subjected to hot bending printed with the ink layer in a hot bending die provided in comparative example 1 for hot bending, and performing edge polishing on the hot bent glass;
(c) and cleaning and removing the ink layer of the edge-polished glass.
In order to verify the technical effects of the above examples and comparative examples, the following experiments were conducted.
The polishing time used subsequently in the glass hot-bending method provided in example 2 and comparative examples 2 to 3 was measured and shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with the conventional glass hot bending mold, the glass hot bending mold provided by the invention can directly avoid the generation of the impression on the surface of the glass product, thereby greatly reducing the subsequent polishing time. At present, the concave surface polishing time is reduced to 600 seconds from 4800 seconds, the convex surface polishing time is reduced to 400 seconds from 1800 seconds (because of unavoidable fine scratches, surface unevenness and the like in the production process, the surface unevenness and the like must be repaired by a polishing process), about 85 percent of polishing time is saved totally, the improvement effect is obvious, the overall cost can be greatly reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the practical popularization value is realized.
Although comparative example 3 is to protect the glass to be thermally bent by using the ink layer, the concave-convex point ratio can be reduced, and the damage to the mold can be reduced, the glass to be thermally bent (each product) needs to be printed with ink, a very complicated ink printing process is added actually, the risk of poor printing is increased, and the procedure of cleaning and removing the ink is needed for the glass (each product) after being thermally bent. Therefore, the costs of labor, water, electricity, ink, cleaning machines and the like are increased regardless of whether the printing ink or the cleaning ink is printed, and the improvement of the production efficiency and the reduction of the production cost are disadvantageous.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The glass hot bending die is characterized by comprising a female die assembly and a male die assembly;
the female die assembly mainly comprises a graphite female die, a female die protection sheet consistent with the profile tolerance of the graphite female die and a female die fixing insert, and the male die assembly mainly comprises a graphite male die, a male die protection sheet consistent with the profile tolerance of the graphite male die and a male die fixing insert;
the graphite female die and the graphite male die can be matched with each other to form a die cavity for processing glass to be hot-bent, the female die protection sheet is arranged on one side of the graphite female die, which faces the die cavity, and the female die protection sheet is fixed on the graphite female die through the female die fixing insert; the side, facing the die cavity, of the graphite male die is provided with the male die protection sheet, and the male die protection sheet is fixed on the graphite male die through the male die fixing insert;
the surface roughness Sa value of the concave die protection sheet and the convex die protection sheet contacting with the glass to be hot-bent is less than 50nm, and the softening temperature of the concave die protection sheet and the convex die protection sheet is higher than that of the glass to be hot-bent by more than 30 ℃.
2. The glass hot-bending mold according to claim 1, wherein the expansion coefficients of the female protective sheet and the male protective sheet differ from the expansion coefficient of the glass to be hot-bent by ± 15%.
3. The glass hot-bending mold according to claim 1, wherein the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet are made of the same material;
preferably, the female die protection plate and the male die protection plate are made of one of glass and titanium alloy.
4. The glass hot-bending mold according to claim 2, wherein the female mold protection sheet and the graphite female mold, and the female mold protection sheet and the female mold fixing insert are in clearance fit, and the graphite female mold and the female mold fixing insert are in interference fit.
5. The glass hot-bending die according to claim 2, wherein the male die protection sheet and the male die fixing insert are in clearance fit, and the graphite male die and the male die fixing insert are in fastening assembly.
6. The glass hot-bending mold according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the female protective sheet and the thickness of the male protective sheet are each independently 0.2mm to 1.3 mm;
preferably, the female die protection sheet and the male die protection sheet are both provided with a plurality of through holes;
preferably, the diameter of the through hole is 0.1-1.0 mm.
7. A glass hot-bending mould according to claim 1, wherein the female mould protection sheet comprises a first substrate and a first diamond-like film layer provided on a concave surface of the first substrate;
preferably, the male die protection sheet comprises a second substrate and a second diamond-like film layer disposed on the convex surface of the second substrate.
8. A glass hot-bending mould according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the female fixing insert and the male fixing insert are made of graphite.
9. A glass hot-bending molding method characterized in that the glass to be hot-bent is subjected to hot-bending molding using the glass hot-bending mold according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A method of hot bend forming glass according to claim 9, comprising the steps of:
(a) assembling the graphite female die, the female die protection sheet and the female die fixing insert into a female die assembly, and assembling the graphite male die, the male die protection sheet and the male die fixing insert into a male die assembly;
(b) placing glass to be hot-bent into the female die assembly, then placing the male die assembly on the glass to be hot-bent, and closing the dies;
(c) and (4) placing the glass hot bending die after die assembly in a hot bending machine for hot bending forming.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115572052A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-06 | 昆山国显光电有限公司 | Hot bending jig, hot bending system, hot bending method and cover plate |
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| CN104023099A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-09-03 | 蓝思科技股份有限公司 | Mobile phone curved glass panel and forming method thereof |
| CN205735968U (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-30 | 蓝思科技股份有限公司 | A kind of mould for hot bending and forming machine |
| CN210736546U (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-06-12 | 佛山市顺德区明铧玻璃有限公司 | Hot bending glass die |
| CN112358170A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-12 | 科立视材料科技有限公司 | 3D glass forming device and preparation method of 3D glass |
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| US5071461A (en) * | 1988-07-18 | 1991-12-10 | Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for bending overlapping glass plates to form a laminated glass structure |
| CN104023099A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-09-03 | 蓝思科技股份有限公司 | Mobile phone curved glass panel and forming method thereof |
| CN205735968U (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-30 | 蓝思科技股份有限公司 | A kind of mould for hot bending and forming machine |
| CN210736546U (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-06-12 | 佛山市顺德区明铧玻璃有限公司 | Hot bending glass die |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115572052A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-06 | 昆山国显光电有限公司 | Hot bending jig, hot bending system, hot bending method and cover plate |
| CN115572052B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2024-05-07 | 昆山国显光电有限公司 | Hot bending jig, hot bending system, hot bending method and cover plate |
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