CN114354373B - Method and device for performing tunnel advanced drilling penetration-scribing test by using probe - Google Patents
Method and device for performing tunnel advanced drilling penetration-scribing test by using probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN114354373B CN114354373B CN202210235082.2A CN202210235082A CN114354373B CN 114354373 B CN114354373 B CN 114354373B CN 202210235082 A CN202210235082 A CN 202210235082A CN 114354373 B CN114354373 B CN 114354373B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for performing tunnel advanced drilling penetration-scribing test by using a probe. The method comprises the following steps: placing the probe at different set depths of the borehole; pressurizing the radial loading device to realize radial pressurization on the hole wall for carrying out penetration test; pressurizing the axial loading device to push the radial loading device in a radial pressurizing state to move along the axial direction of the drill hole for carrying out a scribing test; and (4) releasing the pressure of the radial loading device and the axial loading device, rotating the probe by a set angle by taking the center of the drill hole as an axis, and repeating the penetration test and the scribing test. In the rock in-situ test process, the penetration and scribing tests of different depths and different directions of the pilot drill hole can be completed, the in-situ monitoring of the stress field and the displacement field of the pilot drill hole in the axial direction and the radial direction is realized, the whole process is convenient and quick to operate, is easy to apply on the engineering site, and has the economy, reliability and operability of the site test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock tunnel advanced detection and rock mass material analysis, in particular to a method and a device for performing tunnel advanced drilling penetration-scribing test by using a probe.
Background
With the rapid development of various rock engineering constructions at present, a great number of rock tunnels (roadways) including public (railway) tunnels, water delivery tunnels, mine roadways and other projects appear, and the rock tunnels (roadways) have the situation of gradually transferring to deep parts. The deep tunnel (roadway) has complex topography and large burial depth, is influenced by heterogeneous characteristics of rock materials, and is easy to have accidents of collapse, water burst and mud burst or rock burst and the like in the construction process, thereby seriously influencing the construction progress and personal safety. The current engineering exploration method mainly adopts direct exploration, drilling, sounding and geophysical prospecting, and is limited by the limitations of the exploration method and complex surface conditions, and the unfavorable geological conditions along the line cannot be completely checked in the geological exploration stage. Therefore, advanced prediction and quantitative recognition research aiming at the stratum structure and mineral components in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel are developed, and the method has great theoretical significance and engineering value for safe and stable construction of tunnel engineering. The determination of the rock mass mechanics parameters is a precondition and a foundation for judging whether the tunnel engineering meets the normal use function, and is also an important basis for guiding engineering design and safe construction.
The experimental research is the most direct method for determining the mechanical parameters of the rock mass, and mainly comprises field in-situ test and indoor test. During indoor tests, a core is generally taken out from a rock body in a drilling mode, and then the core is used for testing in a laboratory to obtain mechanical parameters of advanced rocks and distribution characteristics along a drill hole. In addition, due to the disturbance influence of the drilling, the on-site rock block sampling cannot continuously and effectively obtain a complete rock core, so that the test point selection is discontinuous and the discreteness is large, and further, the mechanical characteristics of the rock mass and the mechanical behavior represented by an indoor rock test piece are greatly different. Therefore, the rock mechanical parameters obtained by adopting the indoor test method have larger randomness and uncertainty. The field in-situ test generally adopts an in-situ penetration mode, which is mainly used for surrounding rock surface measurement at present and cannot be directly used in a drill hole, and the penetration test is mainly scattered measurement and cannot obtain a continuous evolution section of the surrounding rock strength.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a method for performing tunnel advanced drilling penetration-scribing test by using a probe, wherein the probe comprises an axial loading device and a radial loading device, and the method comprises the following steps:
placing the probe at different set depths of the borehole;
pressurizing the radial loading device to realize radial pressurization on the hole wall to perform a penetration test, and collecting displacement and pressure data in the penetration test; the radial loading device comprises a second cylinder body, a radial pressurizing head arranged along the radial direction of the drill hole, and a radial displacement sensor and a radial pressure sensor which are connected with the radial pressurizing head are arranged in the second cylinder body, the radial pressurizing head applies radial pressure to the hole walls of different depth and different position points of the drill hole, the radial displacement sensor acquires radial displacement data, and the radial pressure sensor acquires radial pressure data;
pressurizing an axial loading device to push the radial loading device in a radial pressurizing state to move along the axial direction of the drill hole to carry out a scribing test, and collecting displacement and pressure data in the scribing test; the axial loading device comprises a first cylinder body, an axial pressurizing head arranged along the axial direction of the drill hole, and an axial displacement sensor and an axial pressure sensor which are connected with the axial pressurizing head are arranged in the first cylinder body, the axial pressurizing head is connected with the radial loading device and pushes the radial loading device to move axially, the axial pressurizing head applies axial pressure to the radial loading device under the condition of applying radial pressure to the hole wall of the drill hole, the axial displacement sensor acquires axial displacement data, and the axial pressure sensor acquires axial pressure data;
and (4) releasing the pressure of the radial loading device and the axial loading device, rotating the probe by a set angle by taking the center of the drill hole as an axis, and repeating the penetration test and the scribing test.
Preferably, the second cylinder is provided in plurality.
Preferably, be provided with the back pressure board in the second cylinder body, the back pressure board with radial pressure head encloses into airtight cavity, the base portion of radial pressure head pass through the sealing washer with the inner wall sealing connection of second cylinder body, radial pressure head's preceding convex part is worn to establish on the back pressure board, the top of preceding convex part is inlayed and is had the diamond pressure head.
Preferably, the radial loading device further comprises a wiring groove for arranging electric wires, data wires and pipelines.
Preferably, the radial loading device further comprises a pressurizing hole and a back-pressurizing hole which are communicated with the second cylinder body.
Preferably, the radial loading device and the axial loading device are connected in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the drill hole.
Preferably, a sliding groove and a sliding hole are formed in the radial loading device, a sliding rail is arranged on the axial loading device, the sliding rail penetrates through the sliding hole, and the sliding rail can slide in the sliding groove.
Preferably, the probe further comprises a housing, the radial loading means and the axial loading means being both disposed within the housing.
Preferably, the diamond indenter has dimensions in the millimeter range.
The invention provides a device for performing tunnel advanced drilling penetration-scribing test by using a probe, which adopts the method, and further comprises a pressurizing device and a data acquisition device, wherein the pressurizing device is used for providing pressure and recovering pressure for an axial loading device and a radial loading device in the probe; the data acquisition device is used for acquiring data of the axial displacement sensor, the axial pressure sensor, the radial displacement sensor and the radial pressure sensor in the probe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method and the device for performing the tunnel advanced drilling penetration-scribing test by using the probe provided by the invention have the advantages that the penetration test equipment and the scribing test equipment are integrated in the same device, so that in the rock in-situ test process, the penetration test in different depths and different directions of the advanced drilling can be completed, the scribing test in different depths and different directions of the advanced drilling can be completed, the in-situ monitoring of the pressure field and the displacement field in the axial direction and the radial direction of the advanced drilling can be realized, the whole process is convenient and rapid to operate, the engineering field application is easy, and the economy, the reliability and the operability of the field test are realized. In addition, compared with an indoor test method, the mechanical properties and the mineral composition characteristics of the rock material of the monitoring path obtained by carrying out theoretical analysis on the in-situ data of the pressure field and the displacement field in the axial direction and the radial direction of the pilot hole can better reflect the natural properties of the rock body, better guide the design of tunnel engineering and provide data support for the safe construction of the tunnel engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a probe for tunnel pre-drill penetration-scribing testing in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a probe for a tunnel pre-drill penetration-scribe test according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a load-displacement curve obtained by performing a penetration test using the probe provided by the present invention according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of elastic energy Ue and plastic energy Up obtained by using a load-displacement curve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5a is a load-displacement curve of a type of wall rock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5b is a load-displacement curve of a second type of wall rock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5c is a graph of load versus displacement for three types of wall rock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a variation curve of the scribing depth along with the scribing distance, a calculation result of fracture toughness and hardness, and a surrounding rock dividing result, which are obtained by performing a scribing test by using the probe provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, the meaning of each symbol is as follows:
1-a first cylinder body, 2-an axial pressurizing head, 3-an axial displacement sensor, 4-an axial pressure sensor, 5-a second cylinder body, 6-a radial pressurizing head, 7-a radial displacement sensor, 8-a radial pressure sensor, 9-a wiring groove, 10-a back pressure plate, 11-a sealing ring, 12-a diamond pressure head, 13-a pressurizing hole, 14-a back pressure hole, 15-a sliding groove, 16-a sliding hole, 17-a sliding rail, 18-a hole wall peeping device, 19-a shell and 20-a sealing cover.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a probe for tunnel pre-drilling penetration-scribing test, which includes an axial loading device and a radial loading device.
The radial loading device is used for applying radial pressure to the hole walls of different depth and different position points of the drill hole and collecting radial pressure and radial displacement data.
The axial loading device is used for applying axial pressure to the radial loading device under the condition of applying radial pressure to the hole wall of the drilled hole and acquiring axial pressure and axial displacement data.
In the process of performing penetration test by using the probe with the structure, the probe can be placed at any depth position of a drill hole according to the preset state, and the radial loading device can apply pressure to the hole wall of the drill hole along the radial direction of the drill hole. The applied radial pressure can be loaded step by step or can be loaded constantly, the hole wall can deform by applying the pressure, displacement pressure curves at various depth positions can be drawn by collecting the radial pressure and radial displacement data, and mechanical parameters of the rock are further analyzed for design guidance and safe construction of tunnel engineering. Therefore, the radial loading device in the device provided by the invention can be used for loading the pressure at any position in the whole length of the drill hole, so that the monitoring of the mechanical parameters of the rock in the whole length of the drill hole is realized.
In the process of carrying out scribing test by using the probe with the structure, the probe can be placed at a preset position, the radial loading device is firstly utilized to radially load the rock body with preset pressure along the drill hole, and then the axial loading device is utilized to push the radial loading device to axially move along the drill hole according to the preset pressure, so that the axial pressure and the displacement in the axial movement process along the drill hole are monitored, and the mechanical parameters of the rock in the scribing experimental process are obtained by combining the radial pressure and the displacement data. And finally, releasing the pressure through a back pressure hole and withdrawing the probe.
During actual testing, the number of single-section distance measurements can be increased for important strata. Generally, double measurement is preferred, that is, when single-stage measurement is completed, the axial loading device and the radial loading device are both ensured to return to the original positions. After the single-section measurement is finished, the probe is pushed to integrally move, the moving distance can be kept the same as the previous measuring distance, then the measuring operation is repeated, the purpose of multi-section continuous measurement is achieved, and further the full-length surrounding rock data of the drilled hole is obtained. The measuring depth of the single segment can be designed according to requirements, and can be 10cm, namely the measuring length or the depth at one time is 10 cm. Namely, the axial loading device can push the radial loading device to axially move 10cm along the drill hole, and then a single-section test is completed. In order to ensure that the axial loading device stops or cannot move continuously after pushing the radial loading device to move 10cm along the axial direction of the drill hole, in the practical application process, a movable space with a corresponding length can be just designed in the axial loading device so as to conveniently control the moving distance of the radial loading device.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the axial loading device may include a first cylinder 1, and an axial pressure head 2, and an axial displacement sensor 3 and an axial pressure sensor 4 connected to the axial pressure head 2 are disposed in the first cylinder 1.
The radial loading device may include a second cylinder 5, and a radial pressure head 6, and a radial displacement sensor 7 and a radial pressure sensor 8 connected to the radial pressure head 6 are disposed in the second cylinder 5.
The radial pressurizing head 6 is arranged along the radial direction of the drilling hole, the axial pressurizing head 2 is arranged along the axial direction of the drilling hole, and the axial pressurizing head 2 is connected with the radial loading device and can push the radial loading device in a pressurizing state to move along the axial direction of the drilling hole.
When the structure is used in the penetration test process, pressurized liquid can be injected into the second cylinder body, the radial pressurizing head is pushed to move outwards by the pressurized liquid and is enabled to be in contact with the hole wall and load pressure on the hole wall, and in the process that the radial pressurizing head pressurizes the hole wall, the radial displacement sensor and the radial pressure sensor which are connected with the radial pressurizing head measure displacement and pressure data.
When the structure is used in the scribing test process, pressurized liquid can be injected into the first cylinder body, the axial pressurizing head is pushed by the pressurized liquid to further push the radial loading device to axially move along a drill hole, and in the moving process, the axial displacement sensor and the axial pressure sensor which are connected with the axial pressurizing head measure displacement and pressure data. Thereby monitoring the axial pressure and displacement during axial movement along the borehole.
After the penetration test and the scribing test are finished, the unloading can be carried out through back pressure, and the radial pressurizing head and the axial pressurizing head retract.
The number of the second cylinders may be multiple, for example, four, and the four second cylinders may be installed at 90 ° to each other to form a radial loading device. A wiring groove 9 for providing a space for arranging the equipment electric wires, the pipeline, and the data transmission lines may be arranged in the space formed between the four second cylinders.
By adopting the structure, the pressure can be applied to the hole walls of four position points at the same depth of the drilled hole, the pressure and displacement relation can be obtained, uniform space can be provided for arranging equipment electric wires, pipelines and data transmission lines, the positions of all parts in the radial loading device can be reasonably planned, the internal structure of the radial loading device is neat and is not disordered, and the follow-up operations of maintaining all parts in the device, checking, maintaining, updating and the like are facilitated.
In addition, in the test process, the probe can be rotated by a preset angle by taking the axis of the drilling hole as an axis, so that the pressure is applied to the hole walls of four different position points at the same depth, and the pressure and displacement relation is obtained. By repeating the operation, the pressure and displacement relation of each point of the rock at the depth can be obtained, and further the mechanical parameters can be obtained. After the probe is rotated by a certain angle, the penetration test can be carried out, and besides, the scribing test can be carried out under the angle state, so that the mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock can be obtained.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a back pressure plate 10 is disposed in the second cylinder 5, the back pressure plate 10 and the radial pressure head 6 enclose a closed cavity, a base portion of the radial pressure head 6 is hermetically connected with an inner wall of the second cylinder 5 through a seal ring 11, a front convex portion of the radial pressure head 6 is disposed on the back pressure plate 10 in a penetrating manner, and a diamond pressure head 12 is embedded at a top end of the front convex portion.
In the structure, the pressure return plate is arranged, the radial pressurizing head can be limited in the second cylinder body, the closed space is respectively enclosed by the radial pressurizing head and the pressure return plate, the radial pressurizing head and the second cylinder body, and the condition of pressure relief in the pressure loading process can be ensured.
In an embodiment of the invention, the probe may further comprise a housing, the radial loading means and the axial loading means being both disposed within the housing 19. The radial loading means and the axial loading means can be protected by the provision of the housing 19.
The casing can be further provided with a sealing cover 20 which can be opened and closed, and the sealing cover 20 is located at a position corresponding to the radial pressurizing head. When a test is required, the seal cap 20 is opened so that the radial pressurizing head moves outward to apply a load to the hole wall, and when the test is completed, the radial pressurizing head is retracted and the seal cap 20 is closed. The radial pressure head is better protected by the sealing cover 20. In this embodiment, the sealing cover 20 may be a waterproof and sand-proof cover.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radial loading means further comprise a pressure orifice 13 and a back pressure orifice 14 communicating with the second cylinder 5.
During the use, can inject into the second cylinder through the pressurization hole and add the pressure and the injection volume of liquid, can confirm according to the size of load in particular, when needing to unload, can retrieve the liquid in the second cylinder through the back pressure hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the radial loading device is slidably connected to the axial loading device along the axial direction of the drill hole.
By adopting the sliding connection structure, the resistance of the axial pressurizing head to push the radial loading device to move can be reduced, the energy consumption is saved, and the cost is further saved.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sliding slot 15 and a sliding hole 16 are provided on the radial loading device, a sliding rail 17 is provided on the axial loading device, the sliding rail 17 is inserted into the sliding hole 16, and the sliding rail 17 can slide in the sliding slot 15.
In the structure, the sliding rail is arranged in the sliding hole in a penetrating mode, so that an axial moving path can be provided, the axial moving channel can be limited from deviating in the radial direction, and the accuracy of the acquired test data is guaranteed.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a hole wall peeping device, such as an illumination device and a camera, may be disposed at the front end of the probe.
The in-situ penetration and scribing testing device provided by the invention enriches the in-situ testing means, can obtain the accurate rock type distribution and bedding and joint distribution conditions along the advanced drilling hole by measuring the pressure and displacement, is favorable for accurately predicting the stratum structure and geological problems faced in the roadway excavation process, is quick, simple, convenient and cheap in the whole testing process, is easy to apply in the engineering field, and realizes the economy, reliability and operability of the field test. The method specifically comprises the following beneficial effects:
firstly, in the test process, the rock mass can be deeply drilled into the rock mass with any depth through engineering drilling, the test is carried out in any direction, the test method is fine, and the test result is reliable. The shape and specification of the conical head can be selectively processed according to engineering requirements and the condition of a field rock body, and required rock mechanical parameters, joint parameters, mineral components and the like are obtained.
And secondly, a field penetration experiment can be realized, a field in-situ scribing experiment can be carried out, and a plurality of pressure parameters can be obtained simultaneously. The longitudinal vibration load is provided, and a longitudinal vibration load in-situ test experiment can be performed.
The rock mass test device is simple and convenient to operate, less in time consumption and low in cost, can adapt to rock mass tests under different conditions, and effectively saves manpower, material resources and financial resources.
The probe provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for carrying out the tunnel advanced drilling penetration-scribing test according to the following method:
placing probes at different set depths of the borehole;
pressurizing the radial loading device to realize radial pressurization on the hole wall to perform a penetration test, and collecting displacement and pressure data in the penetration test;
pressurizing an axial loading device to push the radial loading device in a radial pressurizing state to move along the axial direction to perform a scribing test, and collecting displacement and pressure data in the scribing test;
and (4) releasing the pressure of the radial loading device and the axial loading device, rotating the probe by a set angle by taking the center of the drill hole as an axis, and repeating the penetration test and the scribing test.
Specifically, the radial loading device can be pressurized by utilizing a pressurizing device, so that the radial pressurizing head moves outwards to contact with the hole wall of the drill hole for penetration test, and displacement and pressure data in the penetration test are collected by the radial displacement sensor and the radial pressure sensor and uploaded to the data collecting device;
pressurizing the axial loading device by using a pressurizing device, so that the axial pressurizing head moves outwards to push the radial loading device in a pressurizing state to move axially for carrying out a scribing test, and acquiring displacement and pressure data in the scribing test by using an axial displacement sensor and an axial pressure sensor and uploading the displacement and pressure data to a data acquisition device;
and (3) releasing the pressure of the radial loading device and the axial loading device, so that the radial pressurizing head and the axial pressurizing head return to the original positions, rotating the probe by a set angle by taking the center of the drill hole as an axis, and repeating the penetration test and the scribing test.
In the implementation process, the shape and the size of the diamond pressure head inlaid at the top end of the front convex part of the radial pressure head can be designed according to the requirements so as to meet the requirements of on-site in-situ monitoring. And after the probe is placed into the preset depth of the drilled hole, the in-situ penetration and scribing test can be carried out on site.
Wherein, the in-situ penetration test (or penetration test) can be implemented by the following method:
the penetration test is similar to the microscopic nano indentation test, and the load change of the whole penetration process is subjected to three stages: a continuous loading stage, a load maintaining stage and a continuous unloading stage. The deformation of the sample at different stages also comprises three stages: in the initial stage of penetration, the depth of the pressure head pressed into the sample is small, and the deformation at the moment can be recovered, belonging to the elastic deformation stage; due to continuous loading, the pressing depth of the pressing head is increased, and the generated deformation part can not be recovered at the moment, so that the method belongs to an elastic-plastic deformation stage; and (3) with the continuous pressing of the pressure head, the load reaches the maximum, the deformation at the moment can not be recovered, and the surface of the sample is provided with an indentation with the shape consistent with the shape of the pressure head, belonging to the plastic deformation stage. Maintaining a stable load, then starting an unloading process, starting the recovery of the elastic deformation of the sample, ensuring that the deformation of the plastic change cannot be recovered, leaving an indentation on the surface of the sample, and obtaining a load-displacement curve chart by utilizing the relation between the load and the depth in the testing process, wherein the curve chart can be specifically shown as figure 3F represents a load, hRepresenting the displacement. And (5) obtaining the mechanical parameters of the rock through calculation. Specifically, the following calculation method may be adopted:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
In addition, the fracture toughness can be measured by an energy analysis method. Total energy
By elastic energy
And plastic property
Two parts are formed, plastic property
Is irreversible energy, and can be further decomposed into pure plastic energy
And energy to break
Two parts. Wherein the elastic energy
And plastic property
Can be obtained from a load-displacement diagram, as shown in FIG. 4, wherein
Which represents the load of the vehicle, 
representing the displacement.
Fracture toughness
Can be calculated from the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the critical energy release rate can be calculated by the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is the energy to break.
The mechanical properties of various types of surrounding rocks were obtained by performing the penetration test using the apparatus provided by the present invention and performing the above analysis and calculation, as shown in table 1. Wherein, comprises
、
、
The value of (c). The load-displacement curves may be as shown in fig. 5a, 5b, 5c, respectively.
The elastic modulus is a measure of the elastic deformation resistance of an object, the hardness is the ability of the material to locally resist the hard object from being pressed into the surface of the material, and the fracture toughness represents the ability of the material to prevent crack propagation, and is a quantitative index for measuring the toughness of the material. As can be seen from table 1 and fig. 5a, 5b, and 5c, the surrounding rock can be divided into three grades according to the parameters obtained by the experiment, so that a reasonable supporting measure can be selected according to the grade of the surrounding rock, i.e., the deformation capability of the surrounding rock.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the in-situ scribing test can be performed by the following method:
the in-situ scribing test is similar to the micro-nano scratch test, and is divided into three stages, namely pre-scanning, scribing-scanning and post-scanning. Where the pre-scan scans the sample surface with a constant contact force of 2kN, the sample surface relief (i.e. the depth of the scribe) is recorded as a function of the scribe distance. In scoring scans, the sample is scored with linear loading, the loading force, friction, and depth of score as a function of distance scored. Post-scan the scribe features were scanned with a constant contact force of 2kN and the surface relief (i.e. the depth of the scribe) of the sample was recorded as a function of the scribe distance. The scoring was done using a Bos indenter.
Fracture toughness of the Material: (
) And hardness (c)
) The following formula can be used for calculation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
in order to be the axial force,
for scribingThe depth of the film is set to be,
is the projected area of the measured volume on a plane perpendicular to the axial scribing direction,
is a projected area
The side length of (a).
In one embodiment, by providing a scribe with a length of 20mm and a maximum load of 2kN on the surface of the shale sample, a variation curve of the scribe depth with the scribe distance is obtained according to the collected data of the scribe depth and the scribe distance, and the calculation result of fracture toughness and hardness and the surrounding rock division result can be shown in fig. 6.
As can be seen from the graph 6, the pressure scribing depth curve on the whole scribing line can be obtained according to the on-site scribing curve, the fracture toughness and hardness parameters along the surrounding rock can be obtained according to the algorithm, the fracture toughness and hardness of different rock types are within a certain range, the lithology of the surrounding rock can be determined by combining on-site observation, and meanwhile, the strength grade of the surrounding rock along the scribing line of the tunnel can be accurately obtained according to the two parameters and the surrounding rock grading is carried out, so that the on-site targeted surrounding rock supporting is guided, and the construction safety is guaranteed.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a device for a tunnel advanced drilling penetration-scribing test, which comprises a probe, a pressurizing device and a data acquisition device, wherein the pressurizing device is used for providing pressure and recovering pressure for an axial loading device and a radial loading device in the probe; the data acquisition device is used for acquiring data of the axial displacement sensor, the axial pressure sensor, the radial displacement sensor and the radial pressure sensor in the probe.
The probe, the pressurizing device and the data acquisition device are connected through pipelines, electric wires and/or data lines so as to realize the flowing of liquid, the supply of electric power, data transmission and the like.
The specific structure of the probe and the method for performing the penetration test and the scribing test using the probe can be referred to the description in the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. A method of performing tunnel pre-drill penetration-scoring tests using a probe, wherein the probe includes an axial loading device and a radial loading device, the method comprising:
placing the probe at different set depths of the borehole;
pressurizing the radial loading device to realize radial pressurization on the hole wall to perform a penetration test, and collecting displacement and pressure data in the penetration test; the radial loading device comprises a second cylinder body, a radial pressurizing head arranged along the radial direction of the drill hole, and a radial displacement sensor and a radial pressure sensor which are connected with the radial pressurizing head are arranged in the second cylinder body, the radial pressurizing head applies radial pressure to the hole walls of different depth and different position points of the drill hole, the radial displacement sensor acquires radial displacement data, and the radial pressure sensor acquires radial pressure data;
pressurizing an axial loading device to push the radial loading device in a radial pressurizing state to move along the axial direction of the drill hole to carry out a scribing test, and collecting displacement and pressure data in the scribing test; the axial loading device comprises a first cylinder body, an axial pressurizing head arranged along the axial direction of the drill hole, and an axial displacement sensor and an axial pressure sensor which are connected with the axial pressurizing head are arranged in the first cylinder body, the axial pressurizing head is connected with the radial loading device and pushes the radial loading device to move axially, the axial pressurizing head applies axial pressure to the radial loading device under the condition of applying radial pressure to the hole wall of the drill hole, the axial displacement sensor acquires axial displacement data, and the axial pressure sensor acquires axial pressure data;
and (4) releasing the pressure of the radial loading device and the axial loading device, rotating the probe by a set angle by taking the center of the drill hole as an axis, and repeating the penetration test and the scribing test.
2. The method for tunnel pre-drill penetration-scribing test using a probe as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second cylinder is provided in plurality.
3. The method for the advance drilling penetration-scribing test of the tunnel by using the probe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second cylinder is provided with a back pressure plate, the back pressure plate and the radial pressure head enclose a closed cavity, the base part of the radial pressure head is hermetically connected with the inner wall of the second cylinder by a sealing ring, the front convex part of the radial pressure head penetrates through the back pressure plate, and the top end of the front convex part is embedded with a diamond pressure head.
4. The method for tunnel pre-drill penetration-scribing test with a probe head according to claim 1, wherein said radial loading device further comprises a wiring groove for setting electric wires, data wires and pipelines.
5. The method for tunnel pre-drill penetration-scoring test with a probe of claim 1, wherein the radial loading device further comprises a pressurizing hole and a back-pressurizing hole in communication with the second cylinder.
6. The method for tunnel pre-drill penetration-scoring test with a probe as recited in claim 1, wherein the radial loading device is slidably coupled to the axial loading device along an axial direction of the borehole.
7. The method for the advance tunnel boring penetration-scribing test by using the probe as claimed in claim 6, wherein the radial loading device is provided with a sliding slot and a sliding hole, the axial loading device is provided with a sliding rail, the sliding rail penetrates through the sliding hole, and the sliding rail can slide in the sliding slot.
8. The method for tunnel pre-drill penetration-score testing using a probe of claim 1, wherein the probe further comprises a housing, and wherein the radial loading means and the axial loading means are both disposed within the housing.
9. The method of tunneling plunge-scribe testing using a probe according to claim 3, wherein the diamond indenter has dimensions in millimeters.
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| US8561475B2 (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2013-10-22 | Bruce David Johnson | Method and apparatus for investigating mechanical properties of soft materials |
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