CN114323074B - Large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star chart simulator - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator, which aims at solving the problems that the existing star simulator can not simulate star maps of a plurality of stars in a large view field at the same time and is low in star simulation precision aiming at different color temperatures and brightness. The invention adopts a mode of matching a fixed star point matrix with a rotary shielding plate, realizes a working mode of switching a plurality of star images in one star simulator, simultaneously realizes single-star and double-star simulation at the brightness of-2 Mv to +2Mv in the case of a small integrating sphere light source, and realizes star image simulation of a plurality of combined modes such as single-star, double-star, constellation, star matrix and the like at the brightness of +2Mv to +7Mv in the case of a large integrating sphere light source; and meanwhile, reversely correcting the black body spectrum curve simulated by the light outlet of the static star map simulator by using the transmittance curve of the collimation optical system to obtain a light source simulated original black body spectrum curve, so that the original color temperature black body spectrum of the light source system is corrected, and the spectrum curve at the exit pupil of the light outlet approximates to the accuracy of the star spectrum curve to be simulated or higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectricity, and relates to a large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star chart simulator.
Background
The high-precision measurement capability of the starlight navigation system can obtain high-precision position and course information at the same time, and can be used for error correction of the inertial navigation system. The star sensor is a high-precision optical attitude sensor taking a star as a measurement target and a reference, has high attitude measurement precision, no moving parts and high reliability, can form a combined attitude measurement system with an inertial system, and corrects inertial system errors caused by drift of the gyroscope, so that the star sensor is widely applied to attitude measurement and control systems of spacecrafts.
The star sensor calculates the position and brightness information of the star through shooting a star image, processing the image and extracting and identifying the target, and can provide space orientation and reference for the aerospace craft. Because of the important functions and actions of the star sensor in the attitude measurement, before the star sensor is used, a star simulator is used for functional test, various technical indexes are calibrated, and the accuracy and reliability of an attitude measurement model of a star map recognition algorithm are further verified.
In order to perfect various functions and accurately calibrate various technical indexes in the test space environment, a high-precision star simulator is required to cooperate with the work. With the technical development of star sensors, various types of star simulators suitable for different testing purposes are inoculated, and the star simulators can be divided into static star simulators and dynamic star simulators according to working modes.
The static star map simulator simulates parallel light emitted by a plurality of stars at an infinite distance, meets certain requirements on spectrum curve, brightness and star point angular distance precision, and is used for carrying out distortion calibration, precision test and simulation test of the star sensor in a test room, wherein the simulation test comprises star detection, angle measurement precision, angle measurement stability, star map matching and the like.
In general, a star map method for simulating a plurality of stars is formed by using a plurality of single star simulators, but the method needs a large erection space, for example, 2 star simulators with the caliber of 100mm form double stars with an included angle of 0.5 degrees, 11 meters away and 1.0 degree are required to be erected, and 5 meters away are required to be erected, and moreover, stability is difficult to ensure by a plurality of single star simulators which are independently erected, and the inter-star included angle is easy to change due to vibration, so that the stability is not beneficial to continuous test. In the static star map simulator, a plurality of star points are positioned in the field of view of one device and on one star point plate, so that the star point angular distance is very stable, one device replaces a plurality of device combinations, and the occupied space is very small.
Stars in the sky have different color temperatures, i.e. have different spectral curves. A general star simulator uses a xenon lamp, a halogen lamp, a single LED, etc. as a light source whose spectrum curve is far different from that of a star. When the star sensor images stars, the spectral sensitivity is different, and even if the brightness of two stars is the same by visual observation, the gray level after imaging is quite different, and the star sensor is greatly influenced to identify navigation stars. Some star simulators adopt a light filter correction mode, but a few layers or tens of layers of light filter films are needed, so that the difficulty of a system is greatly increased, and the energy utilization rate is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing star simulator can not simulate star images of a plurality of stars in a large view field at the same time and the star simulation precision of different color temperatures and brightness is low, and provides a large view field wide spectrum high-precision static star image simulator.
The large-view-field, wide-spectrum, large-caliber and long-focus high-precision static star map simulator designed by the invention can provide a plurality of star map modes such as a single star point, a plurality of star points, a star point array and the like, accurately simulate star spectrums with a plurality of color temperatures, can provide star brightness from-2 Mv to +7Mv and the like, is very similar to star spectrums and brightness in the sky, and is used for verifying the identification capability of a star sensor on star targets with different spectrums and brightness.
The invention adopts the transmission optical system, because the transmission optical system is arranged inThe transmittance of different spectral bands is different by using a collimation optical system transmittance curve (S Through the transmission of ) Blackbody spectrum curves simulated for the light outlet of a static star map simulator (S) Blackbody type ) The reverse correction is performed to obtain the spectrum curve of the original black body simulated by the light source (S Light source )，S Blackbody type ＝S Light source ×S Through the transmission of Therefore, the primary color temperature blackbody spectrum of the light source system is corrected, so that the spectrum curve at the exit pupil of the light outlet of the static star map simulator approximates to the accuracy of the star spectrum curve to be simulated or higher.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator is characterized in that: the system comprises a supporting structure, an electric control system, a star simulation light source, a star map output system and a broad spectrum collimator, wherein the electric control system is arranged on the supporting structure;
the electric control system completes the output of various functions of the star map simulator according to the user instruction;
the fixed star analog light source is used for providing wide spectrum light sources with different color temperatures and brightness;
the star map output system is used for providing a simulated star point target meeting the requirements of angular distances;
the broad spectrum collimator is used for imaging the star point target simulated by the star map output system to infinity so as to complete the simulation of the star point target at infinity;
the fixed star simulation light source comprises a mobile platform, two small integrating spheres and large integrating spheres with different radiuses, and a corresponding number of LED light sources arranged on the small integrating spheres and the large integrating spheres according to the adjustment range of the color temperature, the star and the like; the LED light sources are driven by corresponding LED light source drivers;
the star map output system comprises a motor switching and adjusting structure, a constellation baffle and a star point plate; the star point plate array is embedded on the invar base plate to form a star point array plate; the star point array plate is arranged at the light outlet of the small integrating sphere or the large integrating sphere and forms a star point light source together with the light source, and converts the light beam into a simulated constant star point target;
the constellation baffle is arranged between the star array strake and the integrating sphere, and the specific star point holes on the star point plate are controlled to be rotationally shielded through the motor switching and adjusting structure;
different constellation baffles are arranged on the constellation baffle along the circumference;
and the moving platform moves the small integrating sphere or the large integrating sphere to align with the star point array plate according to the instruction of the electric control system.
Further, each star point plate is a single star point unit and is embedded on the invar base plate according to a 7 multiplied by 7 array, and a pressing ring is arranged on the star point plate and is in interference fit with the invar base plate;
the constellation baffles distributed by the constellation baffles are any combination of single star, double star, cross five star, distributed five star, nugget seven star and star matrix.
Further, the surface of the invar substrate is plated with black nickel, so that the influence of parasitic light reflection on an optical system is reduced.
Further, a protective glass is inlaid on one side of the star point array plate, which is close to the constellation baffle, so that the star point holes are prevented from being blocked by tiny dust caused by air flow.
Furthermore, the star simulation light source can perform spectral energy distribution simulation of a plurality of stars and the like within a color temperature range of 1000K-7000K, the spectral range is generally 400nm-900nm, and the fitting error can be generally less than 10%.
Further, the electric control system stores a plurality of parameters acquired during calibration, including LED driving parameters under different color temperature conditions, position parameters of switching of different constellations and star lattices, and adjustment parameters of different stars and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the invention discloses a large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator, which adopts a mode of matching a fixed star point matrix with a rotary baffle plate to realize the working mode of switching a plurality of star maps in one star simulator, simultaneously realizes single-star and double-star simulation at brightness of-2 Mv to +2Mv when a small integrating sphere light source is adopted, realizes 6 star map simulations of single star, double star, constellation, star matrix and the like at brightness of +2Mv to +7Mv when a large integrating sphere light source is adopted, can simulate 49 stars in a 7x7 lattice mode at most, and the combination mode is not limited to the modes.
2. The invention relates to a large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star chart simulator, a star point plate is embedded on a star point array plate through a substrate made of invar steel, the surface of the invar steel is blacked to reduce the influence of stray light reflection on an optical system, and a transmittance curve (S) of a collimation optical system is used for the star point plate Through the transmission of ) For the original blackbody color temperature curve (S) Light source ) The correction method can make the static star map simulator simulate the star spectrum curves of different color temperatures with high precision at the exit pupil of the light outlet (S) Blackbody type ) The average error between the spectrum simulation curve and the star spectrum theory curve can be controlled within 10 percent.
3. The large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator adopts a material with a low expansion coefficient, and the star point angular distance precision is better than +/-0.2' within the temperature range of 20+/-10 ℃, so that the temperature adaptability of the star map simulator is improved, and the use stability in the experimental process is ensured.
4. The invention adopts the method of fixing the star point array plate and rotating the constellation baffle, so that the same included angles and stars among the same star points displayed in different constellation working states are identical, and the invention has important significance for testing the stability of the star sensor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a large field of view wide spectrum high precision static star map simulator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large field wide spectrum high precision static star map simulator of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a star point array panel of the static star map simulator of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a constellation baffle of the static star simulator of the present invention; wherein (a) is a constellation baffle top view; (b) is a constellation baffle left view;
reference numerals:
the LED light source comprises a 1-supporting structure, a 2-electric control system, a 3-moving platform, a 4-small integrating sphere, a 5-large integrating sphere, a 6-LED light source, a 7-constellation baffle, an 8-motor switching and adjusting structure, a 9-star array strake, a 10-broad spectrum collimator, an 11-invar substrate and a 12-star point plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical schemes and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention provides a large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator which is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the working principle of the large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator provided by the invention is as follows: the electric control system controls the fixed star simulation light source to output specific spectral distribution and intensity light energy into the integrating sphere according to instructions input by a user, and the mixed light and the homogenized light of the integrating sphere are output into parallel light beams with different fields of view through the star map output system and the broad spectrum collimator to complete simulation of a plurality of fixed star targets at infinity.
The spectral distribution of the static star map simulator at the exit pupil of the broad spectrum collimator 10 can be respectively matched with the blackbody spectral radiation emergent degree curves under the conditions of different color temperatures (1000K-7000K), the error is not more than 10%, and the switching between different spectral distributions can be conveniently carried out. The star is switched between-2 Mv and +7Mv at intervals of 0.5Mv, and the error is not more than 10%.
As shown in fig. 2, a large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator comprises a support structure 1, an electric control system 2, a star simulation light source, a star map output system and a wide-spectrum collimator 10 which are sequentially arranged.
The combination of all subsystems of the static star chart simulator is assembled on the supporting structure 1, so that certain temperature adaptability can be maintained. The electric control system 2 is used for simulating different star spectrums, stars, etc. and constellations in the star map simulator, and a plurality of parameters acquired during calibration are stored in the electric control system 2: for LED driving parameters under different color temperature conditions, position parameters of switching of different constellations and star lattices, adjustment parameters of different stars and the like. The electric control system 2 performs the output of the various functions of the star map simulator according to the user instructions.
The star simulation light source comprises a movable platform 3, two small integrating spheres 4 and large integrating spheres 5 with different radiuses, and corresponding numbers of LED light sources 6 arranged on the small integrating spheres 4 and the large integrating spheres 5 according to the adjustment range of the color temperature and the star, and the LED light sources 6 arranged on the small integrating spheres 4 and the large integrating spheres 5 are driven by corresponding LED light source drivers. The LED light sources 6 provide light energy with certain spectral distribution and brightness, and the light emitted by different LED light sources 6 is mixed and homogenized by utilizing the small integrating sphere 4 and the large integrating sphere 5, so that the requirements of the specified spectral distribution are met at the outlet of the integrating sphere, and a light source is provided for a subsequent star map output system.
The star simulation light source adopts a plurality of LED light sources to carry out spectrum fitting, can carry out spectrum energy distribution simulation of a plurality of stars and the like within a color temperature range of 1000K-7000K, has a spectrum range of 400nm-900nm, and has a fitting error of 10%. The static star map simulator is provided with about minimum to maximum about 3982 times of large-span brightness to simulate-2 Mv to +7Mv stars and the like, and the brightness error of the stars and the like can be controlled within 10% when the navigation stars used for detecting the current star sensor in the starry sky are covered.
The star map output system provides point source targets such as star points, constellations, star point lattices and the like for the broad spectrum collimator 10 so as to simulate a star target at infinity and meet certain angular distance requirements. The star map output system comprises a motor switching adjusting structure 8, a constellation baffle 7 and a star point plate 12;
the star point plates 12 are provided with star point holes with certain size and roundness, the star point plates 12 are arranged in an array manner to form a star point array plate 9, the movable platform 3 moves the small integrating sphere 4 or the large integrating sphere 5 to be aligned to the star point array plate 9 according to the instruction of the electric control system 2, the star point array plate 9 is positioned at the light outlet of the small integrating sphere 4 or the large integrating sphere 5 and forms a star point light source together with a light source, and the light beam is converted into an analog star point light source.
The constellation baffle 7 is arranged between the star array board 9 and the integrating sphere and is used for shielding specific star holes on the star array board 12, and the rotation is controlled by the motor switching regulating structure 8 so as to realize the switching of different star points, constellations, star point lattices and the like, and only the required star points are enabled to be enabled to transmit light, so that the simulation of star diagrams such as different single star points, double star points, constellations, star point lattices and the like is completed.
The broad spectrum collimator 10 is used to image the star point object simulated by the star map output system to infinity, and to meet the parallelism and illuminance requirements of the outgoing beam to complete the simulation of the star point object at infinity.
As shown in fig. 3, the star point plate 12 is regarded as a single star point unit, and the star point array plate 9 is inlaid in a manner of embedding the single star point unit on the invar base plate 11 made of invar material according to a 7×7 array manner, and the surface of the invar material is blackened after nickel plating, so that the surface is black and is not reflected, and the pressing ring of the star point plate 12 and the invar base plate 11 are in interference fit to ensure that the star point unit is stable and reliable. Since the star point holes may be blocked by dust in the air due to the air flow caused by the temperature difference, etc., the star point plate 12 is embedded with the protective glass on the side close to the constellation baffle 7, so that the star point holes can be effectively prevented from being blocked.
As shown in fig. 4 (a) and (b), 6 different constellation baffles are circumferentially distributed on the constellation baffle 7 in this embodiment, which are respectively a single star, a double star, a cross five star, a distribution five star, a north fight seven star and a star matrix, and the constellation baffle 7 is driven to rotate by the motor switching adjustment structure 8, so that different constellation baffles 7 are blocked in front of the star point array plate 9 as required, and only the required star points are enabled to transmit light.
The working process of the large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator is as follows:
the electric control system 2 controls the fixed star simulation light source to output specific spectral distribution and intensity light energy into the integrating sphere according to instructions input by a user, the mixed light and the homogenized light of the integrating sphere enter the star map output system and the wide-spectrum collimator 10, the wide-spectrum collimator 10 outputs parallel light beams with different fields of view, spectral distribution of a plurality of color temperatures (1000K-7000K) is formed at the exit pupil of the wide-spectrum collimator 10, and simulation of a plurality of fixed star targets at infinity is completed, wherein the error is not more than 10%.
In the process, the motor switching and adjusting structure 8 is used for controlling the rotary constellation baffle 7 to switch different star points, constellations and star point lattices to shield the star lattice strake 9 so that the required star points are enabled to be enabled to simulate star diagrams such as different single stars, double stars, constellations, star point lattices and the like.
The invention can provide a plurality of star pattern modes such as single star point, a plurality of star points, a star point lattice and the like, can accurately simulate star spectra of brightness such as stars with a plurality of color temperatures, -2Mv to +7Mv, is very similar to the star spectra and brightness in the sky, and is used for verifying the identification capability of a star sensor on star targets with different spectra and brightness.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention without requiring creative effort by one of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator is characterized in that: the device comprises a supporting structure (1), an electric control system (2) arranged on the supporting structure (1), a star simulation light source, a star map output system and a broad spectrum collimator (10) which are sequentially arranged;
the electric control system (2) completes the output of various functions of the star map simulator according to the user instruction;
the fixed star analog light source is used for providing wide spectrum light sources with different color temperatures and brightness;
the star map output system is used for providing a simulated star point target meeting the requirements of angular distances;
the broad spectrum collimator (10) is used for imaging a star point target simulated by the star map output system to an infinite distance so as to complete the simulation of the star point target at the infinite distance;
the star simulation light source comprises a mobile platform (3), two small integrating spheres (4) and large integrating spheres (5) with different radiuses, and a corresponding number of LED light sources (6) arranged on the small integrating spheres (4) and the large integrating spheres (5) according to the adjustment range of the color temperature, the star and the like; the LED light sources (6) are driven by corresponding LED light source drivers;
the star map output system comprises a motor switching and adjusting structure (8), a constellation baffle (7) and a star point plate (12); the star point plates (12) are embedded on the invar base plate (11) in an array manner to form star point array plates (9); the star point array plate (9) is arranged at the light outlet of the small integrating sphere (4) or the large integrating sphere (5) and forms a star point light source together with the light source, and converts the light beam into a simulated constant star point target;
the constellation baffle (7) is arranged between the star point array plate (9) and the integrating sphere, and a motor switching adjusting structure (8) is used for controlling rotation to shield a specific star point hole on the star point plate (12);
different constellation baffles are arranged on the constellation baffle (7) along the circumference;
the moving platform (3) moves the small integrating sphere (4) or the large integrating sphere (5) to align with the star array strake (9) according to the instruction of the electric control system (2).
2. The large field of view wide spectrum high precision static star map simulator of claim 1, wherein:
each star point plate (12) is a single star point unit and is embedded on the invar base plate (11) according to a 7 multiplied by 7 array, and the star point plates (12) are provided with pressing rings in interference fit with the invar base plate (11);
the constellation baffles distributed by the constellation baffles (7) are any combination of single star, double star, cross five star, distributed five star, north bucket seven star and star matrix.
3. The large field of view wide spectrum high precision static star map simulator of claim 2, wherein:
the surface of the invar substrate (11) is plated with black nickel so as to reduce the influence of parasitic light reflection on an optical system.
4. A large field of view wide spectrum high precision static star map simulator as defined in claim 3, wherein:
and a protective glass is inlaid on one side of the star point array plate (9) close to the constellation baffle (7) to prevent tiny dust from blocking star point holes due to air flow.
5. A large field of view wide spectrum high precision static star map simulator as defined in any of claims 1-4, wherein:
the star simulation light source can perform spectrum energy distribution simulation of a plurality of stars and the like within a color temperature range of 1000K-7000K, the spectrum range is generally 400nm-900nm, and fitting errors can be generally less than 10%.
6. The large field of view wide spectrum high precision static star map simulator of claim 5 wherein:
the electric control system (2) stores a plurality of parameters acquired during calibration, including LED driving parameters under different color temperature conditions, position parameters of switching of different constellations and star lattices, and adjustment parameters of different stars and the like.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104154930A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-11-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Multi-color-temperature and multi-star-magnitude single-star simulator |
| CN209991994U (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-01-24 | 北京千乘探索科技有限公司 | Star sensor static simulator device |
| CN113029195A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-25 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Static star simulator based on LED three-sky-region switching and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7349803B2 (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2008-03-25 | Trex Enterprises Corp. | Daytime stellar imager |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104154930A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-11-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Multi-color-temperature and multi-star-magnitude single-star simulator |
| CN209991994U (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-01-24 | 北京千乘探索科技有限公司 | Star sensor static simulator device |
| CN113029195A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-25 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Static star simulator based on LED three-sky-region switching and manufacturing method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 一种静态星模拟器的设计与星点位置修正方法;孙高飞;张国玉;姜会林;杨孟飞;王大轶;郝云彩;;激光与光电子学进展(第09期);全文 * |
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