CN114280435B - Partial discharge management system of power system switch cabinet - Google Patents
Partial discharge management system of power system switch cabinet Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of power system management, and particularly discloses a partial discharge management system of a power system switch cabinet, which comprises an intelligent sensing layer, a communication layer and a service layer; the intelligent sensing layer comprises a switch cabinet partial discharge sensing unit arranged on each transformer substation, each switch cabinet partial discharge sensing unit comprises an ARM main board and a plurality of partial discharge sensing modules connected with the ARM main board, and each switch cabinet is internally provided with one partial discharge sensing module; the partial discharge sensing module acquires partial discharge parameters of different electrical equipment in the switch cabinet and sends the partial discharge parameters to an ARM main board connected with the partial discharge sensing module, and the ARM main board is further uploaded to a service layer through a communication layer; the service layer sorts and stores the partial discharge parameters of different electrical equipment in different switch cabinets into a database, and fault level pre-judging is carried out on the electrical equipment according to the sorted data. The invention can not only remotely detect the discharge condition of the discharge equipment, but also predict faults according to the discharge condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system management, in particular to a partial discharge management system of a power system switch cabinet.
Background
In the switch cabinet insulation system, the electric field intensity of each part is different, and once the electric field intensity of a certain area reaches the breakdown field intensity, a discharge phenomenon occurs in the area, however, the two conductors applying voltage do not penetrate through the whole discharge process, namely the discharge does not break through the insulation system, and the phenomenon is partial discharge. Partial discharge is a local insulation breakdown, and if any of the partial discharge is continuously spread and developed, insulation damage is caused, insulation penetration breakdown is caused, and short circuit accidents inside the switch cabinet are caused. Therefore, the method has important significance for researching and monitoring the partial discharge of the high-voltage switch cabinet.
For many years, the national grid company always maintains the maintenance detection principle of predominance and maintenance as auxiliary, and checks and repairs the electric power facilities at intervals. The detection and maintenance keep the power supply network in China stably, healthily and efficiently electrified all the time. However, as the capacity of the power equipment increases and the number of switch cabinets increases, advanced periodic inspection and maintenance cannot meet the current rapidly increasing power demand. The insulation condition and the running state of the equipment are required to be prejudged on line in advance, so that comprehensive diagnosis of equipment faults or defects is realized, and accidents caused by partial discharge are reduced.
At present, the reasons for the faults of the switch cabinets are insulation reduction caused by ageing of insulating parts, partial discharge of the high-voltage switch cabinets, too small length from a conductor of a power distribution facility to the ground surface and too small distance between the conductor and the ground surface, poor circuit design, too high temperature at certain positions of the circuit caused by erosion of certain positions of the circuit, and incapability of operating the switch cabinets. The power distribution facilities are discharged at individual positions before faults, if the power distribution facilities can be timely maintained or replaced by detecting the discharge condition of the discharge equipment before the faults of the equipment, a lot of manpower and material resources are saved, but the number of the existing switch cabinets is huge, moreover, the detecting instrument is high in price, and a plurality of equipment cannot be monitored all-weather to see whether the equipment is in a normal state or not.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a partial discharge management system of a power system switch cabinet, which solves the technical problems that: how to remotely detect the discharge condition of the discharge device and predict faults according to the discharge condition.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a partial discharge management system of a power system switch cabinet, which comprises an intelligent sensing layer, a communication layer and a service layer;
the intelligent sensing layer comprises a switch cabinet partial discharge sensing unit arranged on each transformer substation, each switch cabinet partial discharge sensing unit comprises an ARM main board and a plurality of partial discharge sensing modules connected with the ARM main board, and each switch cabinet is internally provided with one partial discharge sensing module;
the partial discharge sensing module is used for acquiring partial discharge parameters of different electrical equipment in the switch cabinet and sending the partial discharge parameters to an ARM main board connected with the partial discharge sensing module, and the ARM main board is further uploaded to the service layer through a communication layer; the service layer is used for sorting and storing partial discharge parameters of different electrical equipment in different switch cabinets into a database, and is also used for carrying out fault level pre-judgment on the different electrical equipment in the different switch cabinets according to sorted data.
According to the system, the partial discharge sensing modules are arranged in the switch cabinets to acquire the partial discharge parameters of the electrical equipment in real time, the switch cabinet partial discharge sensing units for managing all the partial discharge sensing modules under the transformer substations are arranged for each transformer substation, so that the partial discharge information of all the switch cabinets under each transformer substation is acquired and is uploaded to the service layer through the communication layer after being tidied, names, positions, intensity values, intensity levels, discharge times, phases, time and the like of the electrical equipment with partial discharge can be obtained after the service layer tidies the information, fault level prejudgment can be carried out according to the data (particularly the intensity values, the intensity levels and the discharge times), the manager can conveniently acquire the discharge condition of the switch cabinets at a remote end, corresponding measures such as replacement and maintenance are adopted for the electrical equipment according to the prejudged fault levels, and therefore the labor, material resources and financial resources consumed in less maintenance can be saved, and accidents caused by the partial discharge can be reduced.
Preferably, the partial discharge sensing module is provided with an ARM sub-board, a current transformer connected with the ARM sub-board and more than 3 ultrasonic sensors;
when any one of the electrical equipment in the switch cabinet generates discharge to generate ultrasonic waves, more than 3 ultrasonic sensors send corresponding signals to the ARM daughter board when receiving the ultrasonic waves; the ARM sub-board is used for recording the time when signals are received and detecting the position where discharge occurs according to the time and the coordinates of each ultrasonic sensor;
the current transformer is used for measuring the phase of partial discharge and sending the phase to the ARM sub-board when the electrical equipment in the switch cabinet is discharged, and the ARM sub-board is also used for determining the intensity of each partial discharge according to the signal intensity of the ultrasonic sensor;
the ARM daughter board is further used for uploading the phase, intensity, frequency, position, time and number of the partial discharge to the service layer through the ARM main board, wherein the partial discharge number indicates the sequence of the partial discharge, the switch cabinet where the partial discharge is located, the transformer substation where the switch cabinet is located and the jurisdiction where the transformer substation is located.
Based on the ultrasonic wave can be produced when electrical equipment partial discharge, this system is further through setting up intensity, position, the moment that a plurality of ultrasonic sensor measured partial discharge, still through the phase place that current transformer measured partial discharge to obtain the multiple parameter information of partial discharge, this kind of setting up mode does not damage the inner structure of cubical switchboard, and is with low costs easy realization.
Preferably, more than 3 ultrasonic sensors are distributed at more than 3 calibrated positions in the switch cabinet, the coordinates of each ultrasonic sensor are known, and the speed c of ultrasonic wave propagation in the medium is known; the coordinates of any 3 of 3 or more ultrasonic sensors are respectively (x) 1 ,y 1 )、(x 2 ,y 2 )、(x 3 ,y 3 ) The time when the ARM sub-board receives the signals sent by the 3 ultrasonic sensors is corresponding to t respectively 1 、t 2 、t 3 Assuming that the coordinates of the partial discharge of the discharge device are (x, y), x, y can be found by solving the following equation:
wherein d 1 、d 2 、d 3 Respectively represent coordinates (x 1 ,y 1 )、(x 2 ,y 2 )、(x 3 ,y 3 ) Distance to coordinates (x, y).
The system is further provided with at least 3 ultrasonic sensors, and the position coordinates of partial discharge which are ultrasonic signals can be calculated by solving an equation set only according to the time when any 3 ultrasonic sensors detect the ultrasonic signals and the position coordinates of the ultrasonic sensors, so that the partial discharge equipment can be determined according to the position coordinates, the statistics of the partial discharge times of the discharge equipment is facilitated, and the fault level pre-judgment is facilitated for a service layer. The setting mode has simple structure and accurate calculation.
Preferably, 4 ultrasonic sensors are arranged in one switch cabinet and distributed at 4 calibrated positions in the switch cabinet, 4 groups of different x and y values can be obtained according to the 4 ultrasonic sensors, and the corresponding positions are A 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 A point, the x and y coordinates of the four points are respectively averaged to obtain a center point A of the four points C ；
When A is 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 These four points are spaced from the center point A C Is less than 5cm, then the distance from the center point A is taken out of the four points C The coordinates of the nearest point are taken as the position coordinates (x, y) of the partial discharge of the electrical device;
when A is 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 One of the four points is spaced from the center point A C If the distance of the three points is greater than 5cm, removing the point with the distance greater than 5cm, and respectively averaging the x and y coordinates of the remaining three points to be used as the position coordinates (x, y) of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment;
when A is 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 The four points are more than two points from the central point A C If the distance of (2) is greater than 5cm, the center point A is taken C As the position coordinates (x, y) of the partial discharge of the electrical device.
The system is further provided with 4 ultrasonic sensors at 4 corners of the switch cabinet, and the position coordinates of partial discharge can be calculated according to any three ultrasonic sensors, so that four coordinates, namely A, can be calculated according to the 4 ultrasonic sensors 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 And (3) points, and setting a rule for determining the position coordinates of partial discharge according to the 4 points, and discarding points with larger errors, so that the measurement result is more accurate.
Preferably, the service layer performs fault level pre-judgment on different electrical devices in different switch cabinets according to the sorted data, and specifically includes the steps of:
s1, determining the level of partial discharge according to the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment;
s2, calculating a normalized intensity value under each partial discharge grade according to the discharge times and the discharge intensity values under each partial discharge grade;
s3, performing fault level pre-judgment on the electrical equipment according to the normalized intensity values of the electrical equipment under each discharge level;
and S4, prompting a fault pre-judging result according to the pre-judged fault grade of the electrical equipment.
The system further refines the process of fault level pre-judging by the service layer, sets various partial discharge levels according to the intensity values of partial discharge, calculates the normalized intensity value of each discharge level, and then carries out fault level pre-judging according to the normalized intensity values of the electrical equipment under each partial discharge level, so that the intensity of each discharge equipment can be quantized, and the fault level of the current discharge equipment can be judged according to the quantized result.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes:
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the breakdown electrical equipment within 10 times, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 1 grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of 11 to 50 times of discharge breakdown electrical equipment, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 2-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the electric equipment breakdown from 51 to 100 times of discharge, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 3-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the electrical equipment breakdown from 101 to 500 times of discharge, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 4-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the breakdown electrical equipment of 501 to 1000 times of discharge, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 5-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the 1001-5000 times of discharge breakdown electrical equipment, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 6-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the breakdown electrical equipment of 5001 to 10000 times of discharge, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 7-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of more than 10001 times of discharge breakdown electrical equipment, the grade of the partial discharge is determined to be 8-grade partial discharge.
The step specifically limits the range of the discharge breakdown electrical equipment corresponding to each stage of partial discharge, so that the range is substituted into a calculation formula of the corresponding intensity level when the normalized intensity value is calculated, the corresponding relation between the intensity value and the range is measured according to experiments, and finally the calculated normalized intensity value can accurately reflect the degree of each stage of partial discharge.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes:
the partial discharge is rated m-stage partial discharge, the accumulated discharge frequency is q, and the discharge intensity value of each time is I (q i ) Then:
when m=1, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 1 ) To accumulate the intensity value of each discharge of 5 times of dischargeable breakdown electric equipment, I (q 2 ) To accumulate the intensity value of each discharge of 8 times of dischargeable breakdown electric equipment, I (q 3 ) To accumulate the intensity value of 10 times of discharge of the dischargeable breakdown electrical device;
when m=2, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 4 ) To accumulate the intensity value at each discharge of 50 dischargeable breakdown electrical devices;
when m=3, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 5 ) To accumulate the intensity value of each discharge of 100 times of dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=4, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 6 ) To accumulate the intensity value at each discharge of 500 times of dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=5, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 7 ) To accumulate the intensity value of 1000 times of discharge of the dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=6, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 8 ) To accumulate the intensity value at each discharge of 5000 times of dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=7, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 9 ) To accumulate the intensity value of 10000 times of discharge of the dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=8, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
the step specifically defines formulas for calculating normalized intensity values according to the number of discharge times under various discharge levels, and by applying the formulas, the intensity of partial discharge under each discharge level can be quantified, and the intensity of partial discharge can be quantified in a (0, 1) interval in a unified manner, so that fault level pre-judgment can be performed at a later stage.
Further, the step S3 specifically includes:
the discharge intensity value I (q i ) When the calculated normalized intensity values are in the same interval range of the calculated normalized intensity values I (q), performing fault level pre-judgment according to the calculated normalized intensity values;
when the discharge intensity value I (q i ) When the fault classification is in different interval ranges, calculating a normalized intensity total value according to the normalized intensity values of all the interval ranges, and performing fault level pre-judgment according to the normalized intensity total value.
Because the electrical equipment may have only one discharge grade or may have multiple discharge grades, when the fault grade pre-judging is performed, the distinguishing processing is required, and step S3 specifically indicates how to distinguish the processing, so that the fault grade pre-judging can be more attached to the actual discharge situation of the electrical equipment.
Further, the normalized intensity value or the normalized intensity total value used for the fault level pre-judgment is denoted as I' (q), and the specific process of performing the fault level pre-judgment in step S3 is as follows:
if 0<I' (q) <0.3, the failure rating is predicted to be 1;
if 0.3 is less than or equal to I' (q) and is less than 0.5, the fault grade is predicted to be grade 2;
if 0.5 is less than or equal to I' (q) and is less than 0.6, the fault grade is pre-judged to be grade 3;
if 0.6 is less than or equal to I' (q) and is less than 0.7, the fault grade is pre-judged to be grade 4;
if 0.7 is less than or equal to I' (q) and is less than 0.8, the fault grade is predicted to be 5 grades;
if the failure level is less than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to I' (q), the failure level is prejudged to be 6 levels;
the higher the predicted failure level, the higher the probability of failure.
The method defines rules for performing fault level pre-judgment, combines the design principle of normalized intensity values, can closely relate the degree of electric discharge of electric equipment with the possibility of faults, and achieves accurate pre-judgment.
Further, the step S4 specifically includes:
when the fault level is prejudged to be 5 and 6, prompting that the electrical equipment should be replaced in time;
when the fault level is pre-judged to be 4 levels, prompting that the electrical equipment should be overhauled in time;
and when the fault level is prejudged to be 1, 2 and 3, no prompt is carried out.
The step carries out corresponding prompt according to the pre-judged grade, particularly when the possibility of faults is high (grade 4-6), prompt the timely replacement or overhaul of the electrical equipment, so as to save the manpower, material resources and financial resources consumed in the overhaul and reduce the accidents caused by partial discharge.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a partial discharge management system of a power system switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a layout diagram of a partial discharge sensing module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, including the drawings for reference and description only, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In order to remotely detect the discharge condition of a discharge device and conduct fault prediction according to the discharge condition, an embodiment of the present invention provides a partial discharge management system of a power system switch cabinet, as shown in fig. 1, including an intelligent sensing layer, a communication layer and a service layer;
the intelligent sensing layer comprises a switch cabinet partial discharge sensing unit arranged on each transformer substation, each switch cabinet partial discharge sensing unit comprises an ARM main board and a plurality of partial discharge sensing modules connected with the ARM main board, and each switch cabinet is internally provided with one partial discharge sensing module;
the partial discharge sensing module is used for acquiring partial discharge parameters of different electrical equipment in the switch cabinet and sending the partial discharge parameters to an ARM main board connected with the partial discharge sensing module, and the ARM main board is further uploaded to the service layer through the communication layer; the service layer is used for sorting and storing the partial discharge parameters of different electrical equipment in different switch cabinets into the database, and is also used for carrying out fault level pre-judgment on the different electrical equipment in the different switch cabinets according to the sorted data.
According to the system, the partial discharge sensing modules are arranged in the switch cabinets to acquire the partial discharge parameters of the electrical equipment in real time, the switch cabinet partial discharge sensing units for managing all the partial discharge sensing modules under the transformer substations are arranged for each transformer substation, so that the partial discharge information of all the switch cabinets under each transformer substation is acquired and is uploaded to the service layer through the communication layer after being tidied, names, positions, intensity values, intensity levels, discharge times, phases, time and the like of the electrical equipment with partial discharge can be obtained after the service layer tidies the information, fault level prejudgment can be carried out according to the data (particularly the intensity values, the intensity levels and the discharge times), the manager can conveniently acquire the discharge condition of the switch cabinets at a remote end, corresponding measures such as replacement and maintenance are adopted for the electrical equipment according to the prejudged fault levels, and therefore the labor, material resources and financial resources consumed in less maintenance can be saved, and accidents caused by the partial discharge can be reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, the partial discharge sensing module is provided with an ARM sub-board, a current transformer connected with the ARM sub-board and more than 3 ultrasonic sensors;
when any one of the electrical equipment in the switch cabinet generates discharge to generate ultrasonic waves, more than 3 ultrasonic sensors send corresponding signals to the ARM sub-board when receiving the ultrasonic waves; the ARM sub-board is used for recording the time when signals are received and detecting the position where discharge occurs according to the time and the coordinates of each ultrasonic sensor;
the current transformer is used for measuring the phase of partial discharge and sending the phase to the ARM sub-board when the electrical equipment in the switch cabinet is discharged, and the ARM sub-board is also used for determining the intensity of each partial discharge according to the signal intensity of the ultrasonic sensor;
the ARM sub-board is also used for uploading the phase, intensity, frequency, position, time and number of the partial discharge to the service layer through the ARM main board, wherein the number of the partial discharge indicates the sequence of the partial discharge, the switch cabinet where the partial discharge is located, the transformer substation where the switch cabinet is located and the jurisdiction where the transformer substation is located. For example, the number "A-B-C-fd1" indicates the 1 st partial discharge occurring at the C cubicle of the B substation in the A jurisdiction. In this example, the partial discharge is performed at a time when the signal transmitted from the ultrasonic sensor is received for the first time. The intensity of partial discharge is quantized according to the intensity of the signal, and the intensity value I (q i ) And (3) representing.
Based on the ultrasonic wave can be produced when electrical equipment partial discharge, this system is further through setting up intensity, position, the moment that a plurality of ultrasonic sensor measured partial discharge, still through the phase place that current transformer measured partial discharge to obtain the multiple parameter information of partial discharge, this kind of setting up mode does not damage the inner structure of cubical switchboard, and is with low costs easy realization.
In this embodiment, more than 3 ultrasonic sensors are distributed at more than 3 calibrated positions in the switch cabinet, and the coordinates of each ultrasonic sensor are known, and the speed c of ultrasonic wave propagation in the medium is known; the coordinates of any 3 of 3 or more ultrasonic sensors are respectively (x) 1 ,y 1 )、(x 2 ,y 2 )、(x 3 ,y 3 ) The time when the ARM daughter board receives the signals sent by the 3 ultrasonic sensors is respectively t 1 、t 2 、t 3 Assuming that the coordinates of the partial discharge of the discharge device are (x, y), x, y can be found by solving the following equation:
wherein d 1 、d 2 、d 3 Respectively represent coordinates (x 1 ,y 1 )、(x 2 ,y 2 )、(x 3 ,y 3 ) Distance to coordinates (x, y).
The system is further provided with at least 3 ultrasonic sensors, and the position coordinates of partial discharge which are ultrasonic signals can be calculated by solving an equation set only according to the time when any 3 ultrasonic sensors detect the ultrasonic signals and the position coordinates of the ultrasonic sensors, so that the partial discharge equipment can be determined according to the position coordinates, the statistics of the partial discharge times of the discharge equipment is facilitated, and the fault level pre-judgment is facilitated for a service layer. The setting mode has simple structure and accurate calculation.
In order to make the measurement result more accurate and reduce the error, in this embodiment, 4 ultrasonic sensors are arranged in one switch cabinet and distributed at 4 calibrated positions in the switch cabinet, for example, 4 angles shown in fig. 2, 4 groups of different x and y values can be obtained according to the 4 ultrasonic sensors, and the corresponding positions are a 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 A point, the x and y coordinates of the four points are respectively averaged to obtain a center point A of the four points C ；
When A is 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 These four points are spaced from the center point A C Is less than 5cm, then the distance from the center point A is taken out of the four points C The coordinates of the nearest point are taken as the position coordinates (x, y) of the partial discharge of the electrical device;
when A is 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 One of the four points is spaced from the center point A C If the distance of the three points is greater than 5cm, removing the point with the distance greater than 5cm, and respectively averaging the x and y coordinates of the remaining three points to be used as the position coordinates (x, y) of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment;
when A is 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 The four points are more than two points from the central point A C If the distance of (2) is greater than 5cm, the center point A is taken C As part of an electrical devicePosition coordinates (x, y) of the discharge.
The system is further provided with 4 ultrasonic sensors at 4 corners of the switch cabinet, and the position coordinates of partial discharge can be calculated according to any three ultrasonic sensors, so that four coordinates, namely A, can be calculated according to the 4 ultrasonic sensors 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 And (3) points, and setting a rule for determining the position coordinates of partial discharge according to the 4 points, and discarding points with larger errors, so that the measurement result is more accurate.
Based on the measured position coordinates, the service layer can find the corresponding electrical equipment name and direction map in a pre-stored coordinate-name-direction table (shown in table 1 below) of each electrical equipment of the switch cabinet.
TABLE 1
Wherein a-B-C-sb1 indicates the 1 st electrical device of the C switchgear of the B substation in the a jurisdiction, and the black area in the azimuth graph indicates the position of the electrical device in the switchgear. When the discharge position (x, y) is within the coordinate ranges (P, Q) - (M, N), the number corresponding to the discharge device is A-B-C-sb1, which is named as a time relay.
The service layer places the discharge parameters of the electrical device in table 2 below, and if the user needs to view the corresponding content, the corresponding data is called in the following table.
TABLE 2
| Device numbering | Device name | Discharge numbering | Discharge position | Discharge intensity value | Discharge time | Discharge phase | Azimuth graph |
In particular, the service layer also has the capability of automatically sorting data for calculation, wherein the most important is that the service layer performs fault level pre-judgment on different electrical equipment in different switch cabinets according to the sorted data, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the level of partial discharge according to the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment;
s2, calculating a normalized intensity value under each partial discharge grade according to the discharge times and the discharge intensity values under each partial discharge grade;
s3, performing fault level pre-judgment on the electrical equipment according to the normalized intensity values of the electrical equipment under each discharge level;
and S4, prompting a fault pre-judging result according to the pre-judged fault grade of the electrical equipment.
The system further refines the process of fault level pre-judging by the service layer, sets various partial discharge levels according to the intensity values of partial discharge, calculates the normalized intensity value of each discharge level, and then carries out fault level pre-judging according to the normalized intensity values of the electrical equipment under each partial discharge level, so that the intensity of each discharge equipment can be quantized, and the fault level of the current discharge equipment can be judged according to the quantized result.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes:
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the breakdown electrical equipment within 10 times, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 1 grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of 11 to 50 times of discharge breakdown electrical equipment, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 2-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the electric equipment breakdown from 51 to 100 times of discharge, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 3-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the electrical equipment breakdown from 101 to 500 times of discharge, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 4-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the breakdown electrical equipment of 501 to 1000 times of discharge, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 5-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the 1001-5000 times of discharge breakdown electrical equipment, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 6-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the breakdown electrical equipment of 5001 to 10000 times of discharge, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 7-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of more than 10001 times of discharge breakdown electrical equipment, the grade of the partial discharge is determined to be 8-grade partial discharge.
The step specifically limits the range of the discharge breakdown electrical equipment corresponding to each stage of partial discharge, so that a calculation formula of the corresponding intensity level is directly applied when the normalized intensity value is calculated, the corresponding relation between the intensity value and the range is measured according to experiments, and finally the calculated normalized intensity value can accurately reflect the degree of each stage of partial discharge.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes:
the partial discharge is rated m-stage partial discharge, the accumulated discharge frequency is q, and the discharge intensity value of each time is I (q i ) Then:
when m=1, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 1 ) To accumulate the intensity value of each discharge of 5 times of dischargeable breakdown electric equipment, I (q 2 ) To accumulate the intensity value of each discharge of 8 times of dischargeable breakdown electric equipment, I (q 3 ) To accumulate the intensity value of 10 times of discharge of the dischargeable breakdown electrical device;
when m=2, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 4 ) To accumulate the intensity value at each discharge of 50 dischargeable breakdown electrical devices;
when m=3, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 5 ) To accumulate the intensity value of each discharge of 100 times of dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=4, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 6 ) To accumulate the intensity value at each discharge of 500 times of dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=5, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 7 ) To accumulate the intensity value of 1000 times of discharge of the dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=6, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 8 ) To accumulate the intensity value at each discharge of 5000 times of dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=7, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 9 ) To accumulate the intensity value of 10000 times of discharge of the dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=8, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
the step defines the formulas for calculating normalized intensity values according to the number of discharge times under various discharge levels, and by using the formulas, not only the intensity of partial discharge under each discharge level can be quantified, but also the partial discharge intensity can be quantified in (0, 1)]And the interval is convenient for the later fault level pre-judgment. For example, if the intensity of one discharge of an electrical device is at I (q 9 )≤I(q i )＜I(q 8 ) In this interval, the discharge level is 7-level partial discharge, and the number of times of the current 7-level partial discharge is 200 according to statistics, the corresponding normalized intensity value is calculated to be about 9.11×10 according to formula (7) -4 。
Further, the step S3 specifically includes:
the discharge intensity value I (q i ) When the calculated normalized intensity values are in the same interval range of the calculated normalized intensity values I (q), performing fault level pre-judgment according to the calculated normalized intensity values;
when the discharge intensity value I (q i ) When the fault classification is in different interval ranges, calculating a normalized intensity total value according to the normalized intensity values of all the interval ranges, and performing fault level pre-judgment according to the normalized intensity total value.
Because the electrical equipment may have only one discharge grade or may have multiple discharge grades, when the fault grade pre-judging is performed, the distinguishing processing is required, and step S3 specifically indicates how to distinguish the processing, so that the fault grade pre-judging can be more attached to the actual discharge situation of the electrical equipment.
Specifically, the normalized intensity value or the normalized intensity total value used for the fault level pre-judgment is represented as I' (q), and the specific process of performing the fault level pre-judgment in step S3 is as follows:
if 0<I' (q) <0.3, the failure rating is predicted to be 1;
if 0.3 is less than or equal to I' (q) and is less than 0.5, the fault grade is predicted to be grade 2;
if 0.5 is less than or equal to I' (q) and is less than 0.6, the fault grade is pre-judged to be grade 3;
if 0.6 is less than or equal to I' (q) and is less than 0.7, the fault grade is pre-judged to be grade 4;
if 0.7 is less than or equal to I' (q) and is less than 0.8, the fault grade is predicted to be 5 grades;
if the failure level is less than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to I' (q), the failure level is prejudged to be 6 levels;
the higher the predicted failure level, the higher the probability of failure.
When the fault level is prejudged to be 5 and 6, prompting that the electrical equipment should be replaced in time;
when the fault level is pre-judged to be 4 levels, prompting that the electrical equipment should be overhauled in time;
and when the fault level is prejudged to be 1, 2 and 3, no prompt is carried out.
The step carries out corresponding prompt according to the pre-judged grade, particularly when the possibility of faults is high (grade 4-6), prompt the timely replacement or overhaul of the electrical equipment, so as to save the manpower, material resources and financial resources consumed in the overhaul and reduce the accidents caused by partial discharge.
For the case where there are a plurality of discharge levels when the electric device is partially discharged, an example is described:
when corona discharge occurs in the electrical equipment, the partial discharge intensity is 5-level 10 times, 6-level 10 times and 7-level 10 times, and I (q) is about 7.1 x 10 according to a 5-level partial discharge normalization formula -4 I (q) can be found to be about 3.7x10 according to a 6-level partial discharge normalization formula -7 I (q) of about 5.7X10 can be found from the 7-stage partial discharge normalization formula -4 The sum of the 5-7 grades I (q) is 1.28 x 10 -3 The fault grade is 1 grade, and the fault grade is lowest, reminds maintainer that electrical equipment is basically intact.
For the equipment with partial discharge, the service layer pre-judges and collates the obtained information for the fault level and stores the information into a table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
The high-level management personnel and the high-level technicians can obtain the required information by accessing the service layer. When the fault level of the service layer is above level 4, the service layer automatically pushes information to high-level management personnel and high-level technical personnel to pay attention to.
In summary, the partial discharge management system for the power system switch cabinet provided by the embodiment of the invention not only can remotely detect the discharge condition of the discharge equipment, but also can predict faults according to the discharge condition, can save manpower, material resources and financial resources consumed in a plurality of repairs, can reduce accidents caused by partial discharge, and can keep the power system continuously and stably running.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The partial discharge management system of the power system switch cabinet is characterized by comprising an intelligent sensing layer, a communication layer and a service layer;
the intelligent sensing layer comprises a switch cabinet partial discharge sensing unit arranged on each transformer substation, each switch cabinet partial discharge sensing unit comprises an ARM main board and a plurality of partial discharge sensing modules connected with the ARM main board, and each switch cabinet is internally provided with one partial discharge sensing module;
the partial discharge sensing module is used for acquiring partial discharge parameters of different electrical equipment in the switch cabinet and sending the partial discharge parameters to an ARM main board connected with the partial discharge sensing module, and the ARM main board is further uploaded to the service layer through a communication layer; the service layer is used for sorting and storing partial discharge parameters of different electrical equipment in different switch cabinets into a database and also used for pre-judging fault levels of the different electrical equipment in the different switch cabinets according to sorted data;
the service layer prejudges the fault level of different electrical equipment in different switch cabinets according to the arranged data, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the level of partial discharge according to the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment;
s2, calculating a normalized intensity value under each partial discharge grade according to the discharge times and the discharge intensity values under each partial discharge grade;
s3, performing fault level pre-judgment on the electrical equipment according to the normalized intensity values of the electrical equipment under each discharge level;
and S4, prompting a fault pre-judging result according to the pre-judged fault grade of the electrical equipment.
2. A partial discharge management system for a power system switchgear as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the partial discharge sensing module is provided with an ARM sub-board, a current transformer connected with the ARM sub-board and more than 3 ultrasonic sensors;
when any one of the electrical equipment in the switch cabinet generates discharge to generate ultrasonic waves, more than 3 ultrasonic sensors send corresponding signals to the ARM daughter board when receiving the ultrasonic waves; the ARM sub-board is used for recording the time when signals are received and detecting the position where discharge occurs according to the time and the coordinates of each ultrasonic sensor;
the current transformer is used for measuring the phase of partial discharge and sending the phase to the ARM sub-board when the electrical equipment in the switch cabinet is discharged, and the ARM sub-board is also used for determining the intensity of each partial discharge according to the signal intensity of the ultrasonic sensor;
the ARM daughter board is further used for uploading the phase, intensity, frequency, position, time and number of the partial discharge to the service layer through the ARM main board, wherein the partial discharge number indicates the sequence of the partial discharge, the switch cabinet where the partial discharge is located, the transformer substation where the switch cabinet is located and the jurisdiction where the transformer substation is located.
3. The partial discharge management system of a power system switchgear of claim 2 wherein more than 3 ultrasonic sensors are distributed in more than 3 of the switchgearThe calibrated position, and the coordinates of each ultrasonic sensor are known, the speed c at which ultrasonic waves propagate in the medium is known; the coordinates of any 3 of 3 or more ultrasonic sensors are respectively (x) 1 ,y 1 )、(x 2 ,y 2 )、(x 3 ,y 3 ) The time when the ARM sub-board receives the signals sent by the 3 ultrasonic sensors is corresponding to t respectively 1 、t 2 、t 3 Assuming that the coordinates of the partial discharge of the discharge device are (x, y), x, y can be found by solving the following equation:
wherein d 1 、d 2 、d 3 Respectively represent coordinates (x 1 ,y 1 )、(x 2 ,y 2 )、(x 3 ,y 3 ) Distance to coordinates (x, y).
4. A partial discharge management system for a power system switchgear as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the switch cabinet is internally provided with 4 ultrasonic sensors distributed at 4 calibrated positions in the switch cabinet, 4 groups of different x and y values can be obtained according to the 4 ultrasonic sensors, and the corresponding positions are A 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 A point, the x and y coordinates of the four points are respectively averaged to obtain a center point A of the four points C ；
When A is 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 These four points are spaced from the center point A C Is less than 5cm, then the distance from the center point A is taken out of the four points C The coordinates of the nearest point are taken as the position coordinates (x, y) of the partial discharge of the electrical device;
when A is 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 One of the four points is spaced from the center point A C If the distance of the three points is greater than 5cm, removing the point with the distance greater than 5cm, and respectively averaging the x and y coordinates of the remaining three points to be used as the position coordinates (x, y) of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment;
when A is 1 、A 2 、A 3 、A 4 The four points are more than two points from the central point A C If the distance of (2) is greater than 5cm, the center point A is taken C As the position coordinates (x, y) of the partial discharge of the electrical device.
5. The partial discharge management system of a power system switchgear according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 is specifically:
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the breakdown electrical equipment within 10 times, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 1 grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of 11 to 50 times of discharge breakdown electrical equipment, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 2-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the electric equipment breakdown from 51 to 100 times of discharge, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 3-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the electrical equipment breakdown from 101 to 500 times of discharge, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 4-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the breakdown electrical equipment of 501 to 1000 times of discharge, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 5-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the 1001-5000 times of discharge breakdown electrical equipment, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 6-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of the breakdown electrical equipment of 5001 to 10000 times of discharge, determining that the grade of the partial discharge is 7-grade partial discharge;
when the intensity value of the partial discharge of the electrical equipment corresponds to the intensity of more than 10001 times of discharge breakdown electrical equipment, the grade of the partial discharge is determined to be 8-grade partial discharge.
6. The partial discharge management system of a power system switchgear according to claim 5, wherein the step S2 is specifically:
the partial discharge is rated m-stage partial discharge, the accumulated discharge frequency is q, and the discharge intensity value of each time is I (q i ) Then:
when m=1, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 1 ) To accumulate the intensity value of each discharge of 5 times of dischargeable breakdown electric equipment, I (q 2 ) To accumulate the intensity value of each discharge of 8 times of dischargeable breakdown electric equipment, I (q 3 ) To accumulate the intensity value of 10 times of discharge of the dischargeable breakdown electrical device;
when m=2, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 4 ) To accumulate the intensity value at each discharge of 50 dischargeable breakdown electrical devices;
when m=3, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 5 ) To accumulate the intensity value of each discharge of 100 times of dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=4, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 6 ) To accumulate the intensity value at each discharge of 500 times of dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=5, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 7 ) To accumulate the intensity value of 1000 times of discharge of the dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=6, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 8 ) To accumulate the intensity value at each discharge of 5000 times of dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=7, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
wherein I (q) 9 ) To accumulate the intensity value of 10000 times of discharge of the dischargeable breakdown electrical equipment;
when m=8, the formula for calculating the normalized intensity value I (q) is as follows:
7. the partial discharge management system of a power system switchgear according to claim 6, wherein the step S3 is specifically:
the discharge intensity value I (q i ) When the calculated normalized intensity values are in the same interval range of the calculated normalized intensity values I (q), performing fault level pre-judgment according to the calculated normalized intensity values;
when the discharge intensity value I (q i ) When the fault classification is in different interval ranges, calculating a normalized intensity total value according to the normalized intensity values of all the interval ranges, and performing fault level pre-judgment according to the normalized intensity total value.
8. The partial discharge management system of a power system switchgear according to claim 6, wherein the normalized intensity value or the normalized intensity total value for the fault level pre-determination is denoted as I' (q), and the specific process of performing the fault level pre-determination in step S3 is as follows:
if 0<I' (q) <0.3, the failure rating is predicted to be 1;
if 0.3 is less than or equal to I' (q) and is less than 0.5, the fault grade is predicted to be grade 2;
if 0.5 is less than or equal to I' (q) and is less than 0.6, the fault grade is pre-judged to be grade 3;
if 0.6 is less than or equal to I' (q) and is less than 0.7, the fault grade is pre-judged to be grade 4;
if 0.7 is less than or equal to I' (q) and is less than 0.8, the fault grade is predicted to be 5 grades;
if the failure level is less than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to I' (q), the failure level is prejudged to be 6 levels;
the higher the predicted failure level, the higher the probability of failure.
9. The partial discharge management system of a power system switchgear according to claim 8, wherein the step S4 is specifically:
when the fault level is prejudged to be 5 and 6, prompting that the electrical equipment should be replaced in time;
when the fault level is pre-judged to be 4 levels, prompting that the electrical equipment should be overhauled in time;
and when the fault level is prejudged to be 1, 2 and 3, no prompt is carried out.
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