CN114244677A - SNMP message analysis method, readable storage medium and computer equipment - Google Patents
SNMP message analysis method, readable storage medium and computer equipment Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/02—Standardisation; Integration
- H04L41/0213—Standardised network management protocols, e.g. simple network management protocol [SNMP]
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Abstract
The invention discloses an SNMP message analysis method, a readable storage medium and computer equipment, wherein the SNMP message analysis method comprises the following steps: constructing an MIB analysis library; when the SNMP message is acquired, inquiring configuration information of an MIB analysis base to analyze the SNMP message; and adapting to a meaning library corresponding to the MIB analysis library, assembling the analyzed message body into a corresponding meaning content body, and storing the content body. The invention presets the MIB analysis library, and performs message analysis of different devices by dynamically configuring the MIB analysis libraries of different devices and corresponding meaning libraries in real time, thereby avoiding different message analysis methods adopted by devices of different types, different manufacturers and different models, and realizing generalization of message analysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of network communication management, and particularly relates to an SNMP message analysis method, a readable storage medium and computer equipment.
Background
In the current stage of Network Management system, the SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol (i.e. Simple Network Management Protocol) is defined as a uniform interface and Protocol for different kinds of devices, devices produced by different manufacturers and devices of different models, so that an administrator can manage the Network devices needing to be managed by using a uniform appearance. Through the network, an administrator can manage the equipment in different physical spaces, so that the efficiency of network management is greatly improved, and the work of the network administrator is simplified. The SNMP adopts a UDP protocol to transmit information between the management terminal and the agent. The SNMP message format for 5 operations of UDP datagrams is divided into three parts: a common SNMP header, a get/set header or a trap header, a variable binding. Different types of devices, devices produced by different manufacturers, devices of different models, and specific variable binding rules may be different, so that different message analysis modes need to be adopted according to the devices of different types, manufacturers, and models when analyzing detailed contents of the SNMP message. Therefore, every time the device changes or the content of the upstream message changes, a new message analysis mode needs to be redefined or adjusted, which causes great difficulty in message analysis.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects, the first aspect of the invention provides an SNMP message parsing method, which comprises the following steps:
constructing an MIB analysis library;
when the SNMP message is acquired, inquiring configuration information of an MIB analysis base to analyze the SNMP message;
and adapting to a meaning library corresponding to the MIB analysis library, assembling the analyzed message body into a corresponding meaning content body, and storing the content body.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of constructing the MIB analysis library includes:
if the BER basic coding rule of the equipment message only has a layer of TLV structure, configuring the detailed information of an MIB analysis base of the equipment;
if the BER basic coding rule of the equipment message has a two-layer TLV structure, configuring the detailed information of the MIB analysis base of the equipment, and configuring the detailed information of the MIB analysis base of the equipment configuration subitem and configuring the meaning of subitem MIB analysis;
if the basic coding rule of the BER of the equipment message has a three-layer TLV structure, after the configuration of the MIB analysis base detailed information, the subitem MIB analysis base trust information and the subitem MIB analysis meaning of the equipment is completed, secondary subitem MIB analysis detailed information is configured for the equipment, and the secondary subitem MIB analysis meaning configuration is carried out.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of querying configuration information in an MIB analysis library to analyze the SNMP message when the SNMP message is acquired includes:
when the SNMP message is acquired, the configuration information is matched in the MIB analysis base according to the equipment IP and the object identifier, and the message is analyzed according to the configured analysis data type.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of parsing the packet according to the configured parsing data type includes:
if the analysis data type is a character string type or a number type, directly returning an analysis result;
if the analysis data type is a subitem type, judging whether the unit length configured in the current MIB analysis library is greater than zero;
if the number of the sub items is larger than zero, circularly performing the parsing of the sub item MIB one by one according to the unit length;
if the MIB is less than zero, directly analyzing the sub-item MIB.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the parsing of the subentry MIB comprises the steps of:
according to the current MIB information, all sub-item MIB information under the MIB is inquired, a sub-item MIB analysis base is traversed circularly, and sub-items are analyzed one by one;
if the analysis data type is a character string type or a number type, directly returning an analysis result;
if the analysis data type is a sub-item type, secondary sub-item MIB analysis is required.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of parsing the second-level child MIB comprises:
and inquiring all secondary sub-item MIB information under the sub-items according to the current sub-item MIB information, circularly traversing the secondary sub-item MIB information, and analyzing the secondary sub-items one by one.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of querying all the second-level sub-item MIB information under the sub-item according to the current sub-item MIB information, circularly traversing the second-level sub-item MIB information, and analyzing the second-level sub-items one by one includes:
converting hexadecimal characters into binary character strings, and analyzing according to bits;
and (4) turning over the binary string twice, adapting to an MIB information base, and analyzing from left to right according to subscripts.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of adapting to the meaning library corresponding to the MIB parsing library, assembling the parsed message body into a corresponding meaning content body, and storing the corresponding meaning content body includes:
carrying out MIB analysis on the sub-items to obtain keys, matching corresponding sub-item MIB meaning libraries according to the keys to obtain meaning contents, and assembling;
and carrying out MIB analysis on the secondary sub-items to obtain keys, matching corresponding secondary sub-item MIB meaning libraries according to the keys to obtain meaning contents, and assembling.
In a third aspect of the present invention, a computer device is provided, where the computer device includes a processor and a memory, where the memory stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or a set of instructions, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or a set of instructions is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the SNMP message parsing method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention presets the MIB analysis library, and performs message analysis of different devices by dynamically configuring the MIB analysis libraries of different devices and corresponding meaning libraries in real time, thereby avoiding different message analysis methods adopted by devices of different types, different manufacturers and different models, and realizing generalization of message analysis.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of an SNMP message parsing method according to embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a detailed flowchart of the SNMP message parsing method according to embodiment 1;
fig. 3 is an MIB resolution library configuration page of embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is a MIB base configuration modification page of embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a subentry MIB library configuration page of embodiment 1;
FIG. 6 is a child MIB meaning base configuration page of embodiment 1;
FIG. 7 is a MIB library configuration page of the second-level children of embodiment 1;
FIG. 8 is a MIB meaning base configuration page of the second-level children of embodiment 1;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the computer device according to embodiment 3.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
The noun explains:
SNMP: simple Network Management Protocol, Simple Network Management Protocol.
MIB: management Information Base, a Management Information Base, is one of the contents of the standard framework of the TCP/IP network Management protocol.
TLV is an abbreviation for Tag (type), Length (Length), Value, and is one way of BER (BasicEncoding rules) encoding. TLV data is mainly used in the field of data communication. As the name implies, the T field represents the type of the message, the L field represents the length of the message, and the V field is often used for storing the content of the message.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses an SNMP message parsing method, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, including the steps of:
s1, constructing an MIB analysis library; and the messages of different equipment are dynamically analyzed in real time by configuring the MIB analysis libraries of different equipment.
In this embodiment, an MIB analysis library configuration page, a sub-item configuration page, and a secondary sub-item configuration page are provided, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the MIB analysis library configuration page may configure and modify an MIB analysis library in real time, including: MIB name, OID, device type, device model, data type, analytic data type, meaning, unit, level, unit length, description, subentry MIB setting, deletion, and the like; configuring a subitem MIB analysis library and a meaning library. As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the sub-item configuration page may configure and modify the detailed information of the sub-item MIB resolution library and the meaning library in real time, including: the name of the sub item, the starting position of the byte, the ending position of the byte, the type of the analyzed data, the analysis sequence, the MIB setting of the secondary sub item, deletion and the like; and configuring a secondary sub-item MIB analysis library and a meaning library. As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the second-level sub-item configuration page may configure and modify the detailed information of the second-level sub-item MIB resolution library and the meaning library in real time, including: secondary sub-item names, byte start positions, byte end positions, parsed data types, parsed orders, deletions, and the like. Based on the method, the problem that different message analysis modes are required to be adopted for SNMP message analysis of equipment of different types, manufacturers and models can be solved.
If the BER basic coding rule of the equipment message only has a layer of TLV structure, configuring the detailed information of an MIB analysis base of the equipment; the detailed information includes: MIB name, OID, device type, device model, data type, parsed data type, meaning, unit, level, unit length, description, subentry MIB setting, etc.
If the BER basic coding rule of the equipment message has a two-layer TLV structure, configuring the detailed information of the MIB analysis base of the equipment, and configuring the detailed information of the MIB analysis base of the equipment configuration subitem and configuring the meaning of subitem MIB analysis; the detailed information of the sub-item MIB analysis base is one-to-many, and comprises the following steps: the name of the sub item, the starting position of the byte, the ending position of the byte, the type of the analyzed data, the analysis sequence, the MIB setting of the secondary sub item and the like, the meaning of the MIB analysis of the sub item is configured to be one-to-many, and the method comprises the following steps: and dynamically analyzing and assembling the meaning key, the meaning content, the detailed information of the sub-item MIB analysis library and the meaning configuration into a meaning body when the meaning key, the meaning content, the detailed information of the sub-item MIB analysis library and the meaning configuration are used for the message entity.
If the basic coding rule of the BER of the equipment message has a three-layer TLV structure, after the configuration of the MIB analysis base detailed information, the subitem MIB analysis base trust information and the subitem MIB analysis meaning of the equipment is completed, secondary subitem MIB analysis detailed information is configured for the equipment and the meaning configuration of secondary subitem MIB analysis is carried out, the secondary subitem MIB analysis detailed information is one-to-many, and the method comprises the following steps: sub-entry name, byte start position, byte end position, parse data type, parse order, etc. The meaning of the second-level sub-item MIB analysis is configured to be one-to-many, and comprises the following steps: and the meaning key, the meaning content and the like, and when the secondary sub-item MIB analysis detailed message and the meaning configuration are used for the message entity, the message entity is dynamically analyzed and assembled into a meaning body.
S2, when the SNMP message is acquired, the configuration information of the MIB analysis library is inquired to analyze the SNMP message;
specifically, when the SNMP message is acquired, the configuration information is matched in the MIB analysis base according to the device IP and the object identifier, and the message is analyzed according to the configured analysis data type.
S21, if the analysis data type is a character string type or a number type, directly returning an analysis result;
s22, if the analysis data type is a subitem type, judging whether the unit length configured by the current MIB analysis library is greater than zero;
s23, if the length is larger than zero, circulating according to the unit length, and analyzing the sub-item MIBs one by one;
and S24, if the MIB is less than zero, directly analyzing the child MIB.
S241, inquiring all sub-item MIB information under the MIB according to the current MIB information, circularly traversing the sub-item MIB analysis base, and analyzing sub-items one by one;
s242, if the analysis data type is a character string type or a number type, directly returning an analysis result;
s243, if the analysis data type is a child type, performing a second-level child MIB analysis, specifically:
and inquiring all secondary sub-item MIB information under the sub-items according to the current sub-item MIB information, circularly traversing the secondary sub-item MIB information, and analyzing the secondary sub-items one by one.
Converting hexadecimal characters into binary character strings, and analyzing according to bits;
the binary string is turned over twice, the binary string is adapted to an MIB information base, the parsing is carried out from left to right according to subscripts, the first inversion is carried out, the high order (left side) is converted into the high order (right side), and the rule that the subscripts are parsed from left to right is met; and the bit is reversed for the second time, and the order of the bit from high to low is restored, so that the analysis rule from high to low is satisfied.
S3, adapting the meaning library corresponding to the MIB analysis library, assembling the analyzed message body into a corresponding meaning content body, and storing.
S31, carrying out MIB analysis on the sub-items to obtain keys, matching corresponding sub-item MIB meaning libraries according to the keys to obtain meaning contents, and assembling;
and S32, carrying out MIB analysis on the secondary sub-items to obtain keys, matching corresponding secondary sub-item MIB meaning libraries according to the keys to obtain meaning contents, and assembling.
In summary, in this embodiment, the MIB analysis libraries and the corresponding meaning libraries of different devices are dynamically configured in real time to perform message analysis on the different devices, so that different message analysis methods are not adopted by different types of devices, different manufacturers, and different models of devices, and generalization of message analysis can be achieved.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or an instruction set is stored, and the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set, or the instruction set is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the SNMP message parsing method of embodiment 1.
Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium may include: a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Solid State Drive (SSD), or an optical disc. The Random Access Memory may include a resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM) and a Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a computer device, as shown in fig. 9, including a processor and a storage, where the storage stores program codes, and the processor executes the program codes to execute the SNMP message parsing method according to embodiment 1.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that, in one or more of the examples described above, the functions described in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown and described, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features herein disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. An SNMP message parsing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing an MIB analysis library;
when the SNMP message is acquired, inquiring configuration information of an MIB analysis base to analyze the SNMP message;
and adapting to a meaning library corresponding to the MIB analysis library, assembling the analyzed message body into a corresponding meaning content body, and storing the content body.
2. The SNMP message parsing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of constructing the MIB parsing base comprises:
if the BER basic coding rule of the equipment message only has a layer of TLV structure, configuring the detailed information of an MIB analysis base of the equipment;
if the BER basic coding rule of the equipment message has a two-layer TLV structure, configuring the detailed information of the MIB analysis base of the equipment, and configuring the detailed information of the MIB analysis base of the equipment configuration subitem and configuring the meaning of subitem MIB analysis;
if the basic coding rule of the BER of the equipment message has a three-layer TLV structure, after the configuration of the MIB analysis base detailed information, the subitem MIB analysis base trust information and the subitem MIB analysis meaning of the equipment is completed, secondary subitem MIB analysis detailed information is configured for the equipment, and the secondary subitem MIB analysis meaning configuration is carried out.
3. The SNMP message parsing method according to claim 1, wherein the parsing step of querying configuration information in the MIB parsing base to parse the SNMP message when the SNMP message is acquired comprises:
when the SNMP message is acquired, the configuration information is matched in the MIB analysis base according to the equipment IP and the object identifier, and the message is analyzed according to the configured analysis data type.
4. The SNMP message parsing method according to claim 3, wherein the parsing the message according to the configured parsing data type step comprises:
if the analysis data type is a character string type or a number type, directly returning an analysis result;
if the analysis data type is a subitem type, judging whether the unit length configured in the current MIB analysis library is greater than zero;
if the number of the sub items is larger than zero, circularly performing the parsing of the sub item MIB one by one according to the unit length;
if the MIB is less than zero, directly analyzing the sub-item MIB.
5. The SNMP message parsing method according to claim 4, wherein the subitem MIB parsing comprises the steps of:
according to the current MIB information, all sub-item MIB information under the MIB is inquired, a sub-item MIB analysis base is traversed circularly, and sub-items are analyzed one by one;
if the analysis data type is a character string type or a number type, directly returning an analysis result;
if the analysis data type is a sub-item type, secondary sub-item MIB analysis is required.
6. The SNMP message parsing method according to claim 5, wherein the parsing step of the second-level child MIB comprises:
and inquiring all secondary sub-item MIB information under the sub-items according to the current sub-item MIB information, circularly traversing the secondary sub-item MIB information, and analyzing the secondary sub-items one by one.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of querying the MIB information of all secondary sub-items under the sub-item according to the current sub-item MIB information, circularly traversing the MIB information of the secondary sub-items, and analyzing the secondary sub-items one by one includes:
converting hexadecimal characters into binary character strings, and analyzing according to bits;
and (4) turning over the binary string twice, adapting to an MIB information base, and analyzing from left to right according to subscripts.
8. The SNMP message parsing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of adapting the meaning library corresponding to the MIB parsing library, assembling parsed message bodies into corresponding meaning content bodies, and storing the corresponding meaning content bodies comprises:
carrying out MIB analysis on the sub-items to obtain keys, matching corresponding sub-item MIB meaning libraries according to the keys to obtain meaning contents, and assembling;
and carrying out MIB analysis on the secondary sub-items to obtain keys, matching corresponding secondary sub-item MIB meaning libraries according to the keys to obtain meaning contents, and assembling.
9. A computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, at least one program, a set of codes, or a set of instructions, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the SNMP message parsing method according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. A computer device, wherein the frequency converter comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a set of codes, or a set of instructions, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the SNMP message parsing method according to any one of claims 1-8.
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