CN114237654A - OTA (over the air) upgrading method and system - Google Patents
OTA (over the air) upgrading method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114237654A CN114237654A CN202111335489.4A CN202111335489A CN114237654A CN 114237654 A CN114237654 A CN 114237654A CN 202111335489 A CN202111335489 A CN 202111335489A CN 114237654 A CN114237654 A CN 114237654A
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Abstract
The application relates to an OTA upgrading method and system, which are applied to automobile electronic products, and the method comprises the following steps: s1, continuously downloading the current data block of the current vehicle upgrade package; s2, storing the current data block in a cache area of a current vehicle memory, and sequentially carrying out integrity verification, decryption and signature verification and execution upgrading on the current data block; and S3, judging whether the current data block is the last data block, if so, reporting the upgrading result to the server, otherwise, continuing to execute the steps S1, S2 and S3. The beneficial effect of this application is: this application is through being the less data block of upgrading data split for download cache, decryption are tested and are signed etc. and all can operate in the memory, have avoided the IO operation in these stages, and then have reduced the performance consumption to the system, have avoided the appearance of phenomena such as system response slows down, card pause, have promoted user experience.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automotive electronics, in particular to an OTA upgrading method and system.
Background
As the most important intelligent terminal in the future, the automobile must be software-based in order to realize the intelligence of the automobile. The software makes the automobile iteration cycle shortened from 3 years to about 6 months directly, and the iteration of different software versions of the same generation of products is more 'time-to-date'. In order to continuously improve the user experience of products in the market and enhance the user stickiness, the ECU firmware on the automobile in the hands of the user needs to be continuously upgraded. With The increasing popularity of The internet of vehicles, The FOTA (Firmware Over-The-Air) technology can provide a convenient method for upgrading The Firmware of The vehicle. FOTA technology is now becoming more and more popular with networked vehicles! A convenient way is provided for repairing software faults, optimizing software performance and improving user experience.
Currently, FOTA mainly involves several stages of detection, downloading, verification, upgrading and result reporting of an upgrade package, wherein the downloading downloads the encrypted and signed upgrade package from a file server to the local for storage, then enters the verification stage, performs integrity and validity verification on the locally stored upgrade package, decrypts the encrypted upgrade package, restores the encrypted upgrade package into an upgrade package capable of executing the upgrade, and then enters the real upgrade stage. Referring to fig. 1, in the FOTA upgrade in the prior art, at least the following defects exist:
(1) the upgrade package download phase is not bandwidth limited. At present, in order to accelerate the downloading speed, the downloading agent downloads by using multiple threads, but does not consider the bandwidth occupation of the whole vehicle end, namely the influence on other networking applications. For example, a user is navigating by using a map or listening to online music, if the downloading has no control on the speed, the bandwidth occupation is too large, the music is jammed, or the navigation data cannot be updated in real time, and the use of the user is influenced.
(2) It is necessary to reserve a storage space at least twice as large as the upgrade package. After the upgrade package is downloaded, the upgrade package needs to be decrypted, the encrypted upgrade file is decrypted into an unencrypted upgrade file, and the original encrypted file cannot be deleted before decryption is completed, so that at least twice more storage space of the original upgrade package needs to be reserved in the decryption process. For a complex system such as Android, even if a difference packet needs to be reserved for hundreds of M, the storage space for upgrading 1G is reserved for FOTA upgrading. If the full upgrade package is used, more than 2G of space needs to be reserved. This part of the space is used less efficiently! In case of resource-limited devices, it may not be possible to reserve so much memory space at all that the FOTA function cannot be used.
(3) The performance of the ECU is upgraded due to the fact that IO operation is excessive. The upgrading package is downloaded and needs to be written with IO locally for storage, IO needs to be read and written for decryption and signature verification, IO needs to be read and written for upgrading, multiple file operations lead to more IO operations in the whole FOTA process, and a large number of IO operations can consume IO resources of the whole system, so that the IO operations of other applications are time-consuming to increase, and further the performance of users becomes slow for application reaction, and even is stuck.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides an OTA upgrading method and system.
An OTA upgrading method is applied to an automotive electronic product, and comprises the following steps:
s1, continuously downloading the current data block of the current vehicle upgrade package;
s2, storing the current data block in a cache area of a current vehicle memory, and sequentially carrying out integrity verification, decryption and signature verification and execution upgrading on the current data block;
and S3, judging whether the current data block is the last data block, if so, reporting the upgrading result to the server, otherwise, continuing to execute the steps S1, S2 and S3.
Optionally, before the step S1, the method further includes:
judging whether an upgrade package exists;
if yes, go to step S1;
otherwise, no processing is performed.
Optionally, the determining whether the upgrade package exists includes:
sending current vehicle information to a server by triggering on a UI (user interface) of a current vehicle by a user, or by triggering in a current vehicle polling period or by actively pushing and triggering by the server;
the server matches the current vehicle information with the upgrade package information and returns a matching result;
and judging whether an upgrade package exists according to the matching result.
Optionally, the server divides the upgrade package into at least one data block according to the memory size of the current vehicle information; and transmitting the data block to the current vehicle.
Optionally, the data block at least includes one or more of a magic number, a total length of the data block, a Checksum data length, a Checksum data, a decryption information data offset, a decryption information data length, an upgrade information data offset, an upgrade information data length, a decryption information data, and an upgrade information data.
Optionally, in the step S2, after the storing the current data block in the buffer area of the current vehicle memory, before the sequentially performing integrity check, decryption, and signature verification on the current data block and performing upgrade, the method further includes:
judging whether the current data block is completely downloaded;
if yes, executing integrity check, decryption and signature check and upgrading of the current data block in sequence;
otherwise, continuing to download the current data block.
Optionally, the sequentially performing integrity check, decryption, signature verification, and upgrade on the current data block includes:
calculating the Checksum of the data block, comparing the Checksum with the Checksum data in the field of the data block, and judging the integrity of the current data block;
if the current data block is complete, analyzing and extracting the upgrading information data, and checking and decrypting the upgrading information data;
and executing upgrading operation according to the decrypted upgrading information data.
Optionally, the integrity check and the decryption and verification of the current data block are performed in the memory of the current vehicle.
Optionally, in step S1, the method further includes:
acquiring an upgrading information packet, wherein the upgrading information packet at least comprises download addresses of all data blocks and the number of the data blocks;
the current vehicle sets the thread number of the execution task according to the upgrading information packet;
each thread downloads the corresponding data block and performs the sequential steps S2, S3.
In addition, the application also provides a system, and the system runs a program which can execute the OTA upgrading method.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:
(1) this application is through being the less data block of upgrading data split for download cache, decryption are tested and are signed etc. and all can operate in the memory, have avoided the IO operation in these stages, and then have reduced the performance consumption to the system, have avoided the appearance of phenomena such as system response slows down, card pause, have promoted user experience.
(2) Meanwhile, the situation that the original encrypted upgrade package file and the decrypted upgrade package file need to be stored simultaneously when decryption is performed after the whole upgrade package is downloaded is avoided, and a storage space with the size more than twice of that of the upgrade package does not need to be reserved on Flash. For a system with limited or tense resources, the FOTA can be used for upgrading, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the storage space is improved.
(3) The downloading module controls the downloaded bandwidth according to the overall service condition of the system networking service, so that the influence of the upgrade package downloading stage on other networking applications is reduced to a reasonable range, and the user experience of the whole system is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data block according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be further described with reference to the following detailed description.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present application correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, if any, are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present application and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
Furthermore, if the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only, they are used for mainly distinguishing different devices, elements or components (the specific types and configurations may be the same or different), and they are not used for indicating or implying relative importance or quantity among the devices, elements or components, but are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1-3, the application provides an OTA upgrading method applied to an automotive electronic product, the method including:
s1, continuously downloading the current data block of the current vehicle upgrade package; in step S1, the present application may serially download a plurality of current data blocks through one task thread, or may download different data blocks through a plurality of task threads, respectively; the specific situation can be determined according to the task amount of the current vehicle system. Before step S1, the method further includes: judging whether an upgrade package exists; if yes, go to step S1; otherwise, no processing is performed. Judging whether an upgrade package exists or not, comprising the following steps: sending current vehicle information to a server by triggering on a UI (user interface) of a current vehicle by a user, or by triggering in a current vehicle polling period or by actively pushing and triggering by the server; the server matches the current vehicle information with the upgrade package information and returns a matching result; and judging whether an upgrade package exists according to the matching result. The server divides the upgrade package into at least one data block according to the size of the memory of the current vehicle information; and then transmitting the data block to the current vehicle. The data block at least comprises one or more of magic number, total length of the data block, Checksum data length, Checksum data, decryption information data offset, decryption information data length, upgrading information data offset, upgrading information data length, decryption information data and upgrading information data.
S2, storing the current data block in a cache area of a current vehicle memory, and sequentially carrying out integrity verification, decryption and signature verification and execution upgrading on the current data block; in step S2, in step S2, after the current data block is stored in the buffer of the current vehicle memory, before the integrity check, the decryption, the verification, and the upgrade are sequentially performed on the current data block, the method further includes: judging whether the current data block is completely downloaded; if so, sequentially carrying out integrity check, decryption and signature check and upgrading on the current data block; otherwise, continuing to download the current data block. Integrity verification, decryption and signature verification and execution upgrading are sequentially carried out on the current data block, and the method comprises the following steps: calculating the Checksum of the data block, comparing the Checksum with the Checksum data in the field of the data block, and judging the integrity of the current data block; if the current data block is complete, analyzing and extracting the upgrading information data, and checking and decrypting the upgrading information data; and executing upgrading operation according to the decrypted upgrading information data. And the integrity verification and the decryption verification of the current data block are carried out in the memory of the current vehicle.
And S3, judging whether the current data block is the last data block, if so, reporting the upgrading result to the server, otherwise, continuing to execute the steps S1, S2 and S3. In step S3, after the upgrade of the current data block is completed, it is determined whether there is any data block to be downloaded, if yes, steps S1, S2, and S3 are executed to continue downloading the data of the next data block, and the operations of downloading, integrity check, signature verification decryption, and upgrade of the subsequent data block are executed in a loop. And reporting the upgrading result to the server until all the data blocks are downloaded and the upgrading operation is completed.
This application is through being the less data block of upgrading data split for download cache, decryption are tested and are signed etc. and all can operate in the memory, have avoided the IO operation in these stages, and then have reduced the performance consumption to the system, have avoided the appearance of phenomena such as system response slows down, card pause, have promoted user experience. Meanwhile, the situation that the original encrypted upgrade package file and the decrypted upgrade package file need to be stored simultaneously when decryption is performed after the whole upgrade package is downloaded is avoided, and a storage space with the size more than twice of that of the upgrade package does not need to be reserved on Flash. For a system with limited or tense resources, the FOTA can be used for upgrading, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the storage space is improved. The downloading module controls the downloaded bandwidth according to the overall service condition of the system networking service, so that the influence of the upgrade package downloading stage on other networking applications is reduced to a reasonable range, and the user experience of the whole system is improved.
In some embodiments, before step S1, the method further includes: judging whether an upgrade package exists; if yes, go to step S1; otherwise, no processing is performed. Judging whether an upgrade package exists or not, comprising the following steps: sending current vehicle information to a server by triggering on a UI (user interface) of a current vehicle by a user, or by triggering in a current vehicle polling period or by actively pushing and triggering by the server; the server matches the current vehicle information with the upgrade package information and returns a matching result; and judging whether an upgrade package exists according to the matching result. In this embodiment, the current vehicle may be triggered actively, i.e., by the user through the UI interface, or when the polling period reaches a trigger, or passively, i.e., by the server pushing a Push message. And sending current vehicle information to a server, wherein the current vehicle information comprises equipment ID, software version information and the like, and after receiving the information, the server uses the information to match with the existing upgrade package information on the server. And if the matched upgrade package information does not exist, sending the information to notify the terminal, and ending the process. And if the matched upgrade package information exists, issuing a related upgrade information package, wherein the upgrade information package can comprise an upgrade package download address, the number of upgrade package data blocks and the like to the current vehicle terminal. And the current vehicle judges whether an upgrade package exists according to the upgrade data block. And the downloading module of the current vehicle downloads each data block of the upgrade package in sequence according to the relevant upgrade information issued by the server. And meanwhile, a flow use monitoring module is arranged in the downloading module, the application of the current flow in the terminal equipment is monitored in real time, the comparison is carried out on the application of the current flow use monitoring module and the application of the current flow use monitoring module in the preset application priority list, and the corresponding downloading bandwidth grade is selected according to the application priority for downloading. When the application with high priority runs, the downloading bandwidth is small, and when the application with low priority runs, the downloading bandwidth is large, so that the influence of the downloading process on the networking application is ensured as much as possible.
In some embodiments, the server divides the upgrade package into at least one data block according to the memory size of the current vehicle information; and then transmitting the data block to the current vehicle. The data block at least comprises one or more of magic number, total length of the data block, Checksum data length, Checksum data, decryption information data offset, decryption information data length, upgrading information data offset, upgrading information data length, decryption information data and upgrading information data. In the present application, a structure of upgrade data of the scheme proposed in the present application. According to the size of the device memory, the upgrade data is split into a plurality of blocks, and one structure of each block is shown in fig. 3. The method comprises the following steps:
magic number: namely, the Magic number, used for marking the format of the file;
total length of data block: the total size of the data block in bytes;
checksum data length: checking the length of the data;
checksum data: verifying data;
decryption information data offset: offset of the decryption information data relative to the starting position of the file;
length of decryption information data: the length of the decryption information data;
upgrade information data offset: updating the offset of the information data relative to the initial position of the file;
length of upgrade information data: the length of the upgrade information data;
decrypting the information data: decrypting the information data;
upgrading the information data: upgrading the information data;
fig. 3 is only an example for illustrating the present invention, and the specific implementation may also be modified and adapted accordingly, but embodiments within the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In some embodiments, in step S2, after storing the current data block in the buffer of the current vehicle memory, before sequentially performing integrity check, decryption of the tag, and performing upgrade on the current data block, the method further includes: judging whether the current data block is completely downloaded; if so, sequentially carrying out integrity check, decryption and signature check and upgrading on the current data block; otherwise, continuing to download the current data block. Integrity verification, decryption and signature verification and execution upgrading are sequentially carried out on the current data block, and the method comprises the following steps: calculating the Checksum of the data block, comparing the Checksum with the Checksum data in the field of the data block, and judging the integrity of the current data block; if the current data block is complete, analyzing and extracting the upgrading information data, and checking and decrypting the upgrading information data; and executing upgrading operation according to the decrypted upgrading information data. And the integrity verification and the decryption verification of the current data block are carried out in the memory of the current vehicle. In some embodiments, after receiving data each time, the received data is stored in the memory buffer, and then it is determined whether the data of the current data block is completely received, and if not, the data is continuously received. If the receiving is finished, according to the block data structure shown in fig. 3, the Checksum of the data block is calculated and compared with the Checksum in the data block, the integrity of the data is judged, then the upgrade data is analyzed and extracted, and the signature checking and decryption are performed on the data. This step is performed in memory. And executing the upgrading operation by using the decrypted upgrading data. And after the upgrading is finished, judging whether a data block needing to be downloaded exists, if so, executing the steps S1, S2 and S3 to continuously download the data of the next data block, and circularly executing the downloading, integrity checking, signature verifying and decrypting and upgrading operations of the subsequent data block. And reporting the upgrading result to the server until all the data blocks are downloaded and the upgrading operation is completed. This application is through revising present FOTA upgrading flow to and the data format of upgrading package, can be in furthest's reduction upgrading process's IO operation, because IO operation is consuming time, consequently this scheme can accelerate the consuming time of upgrading, avoids too much IO operation to make system performance descend simultaneously, and it is slow to appear the reaction, and the phenomenon such as card pause even promotes the user experience of upgrading.
In some embodiments, in step S1, the method further includes: acquiring an upgrade information packet, wherein the upgrade information packet at least comprises download addresses of all data blocks and the number of the data blocks; the current vehicle sets the thread number of the execution task according to the upgrading information packet; each thread downloads the corresponding data block and performs the sequential steps S2, S3. In this embodiment, the current vehicle terminal actively triggers or passively triggers to send current vehicle information to the server, and the server uses the information to match with the existing upgrade package information on the server after receiving the information. And if the matched upgrade package information does not exist, sending the information to notify the terminal, and ending the process. If the matched upgrade package information exists, a relevant upgrade information package is issued, for example: the download address of each upgrade package data block, the number of upgrade package data blocks, etc. to the terminal. In contrast to the serial approach, here the upgrade package data blocks are stored separately on the file server. The current vehicle terminal upgrading task management module starts corresponding quantity of upgrading tasks according to the maximum value of the preset maximum parallel execution task quantity and the quantity of upgrading packet data blocks. And each task downloads a corresponding data block, stores the received data into the memory cache area after receiving the data each time, then judges whether the data of the current data block is completely received or not, and continues to receive the data if the data of the current data block is not completely received. If the receiving is finished, according to the block data structure shown in fig. 3, the Checksum of the data block is calculated and compared with the Checksum in the data block, the integrity of the data is judged, then the upgrade data is analyzed and extracted, and the signature checking and decryption are performed on the data. This step is performed in memory. And executing the upgrading operation by using the decrypted upgrading data. And after the upgrading is finished, judging whether a data block needing to be downloaded exists, if so, turning to the step 4 to continue downloading the data of the next data block, and circularly executing the downloading, integrity verification, signature verification decryption and upgrading operations of the subsequent data blocks. And reporting the upgrading result to the server until all the data blocks are downloaded and the upgrading operation is completed. According to the method and the device, the plurality of data blocks are downloaded and upgraded in a parallel mode, and time consumed by upgrading can be reduced. For a scene with more system IO resource margins, the scheme has a time advantage.
In addition, the application also provides a system, and the system runs a program which can execute the OTA upgrading method. This application is through being the less data block of upgrading data split for download cache, decryption are tested and are signed etc. and all can operate in the memory, have avoided the IO operation in these stages, and then have reduced the performance consumption to the system, have avoided the appearance of phenomena such as system response slows down, card pause, have promoted user experience. Meanwhile, the situation that the original encrypted upgrade package file and the decrypted upgrade package file need to be stored simultaneously when decryption is performed after the whole upgrade package is downloaded is avoided, and a storage space with the size more than twice of that of the upgrade package does not need to be reserved on Flash. For a system with limited or tense resources, the FOTA can be used for upgrading, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the storage space is improved. The downloading module controls the downloaded bandwidth according to the overall service condition of the system networking service, so that the influence of the upgrade package downloading stage on other networking applications is reduced to a reasonable range, and the user experience of the whole system is improved.
It should be understood that the above examples of the present application are only examples for clearly illustrating the present application, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An OTA upgrading method is applied to an automobile electronic product, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, continuously downloading the current data block of the current vehicle upgrade package;
s2, storing the current data block in a cache area of a current vehicle memory, and sequentially carrying out integrity verification, decryption and signature verification and execution upgrading on the current data block;
and S3, judging whether the current data block is the last data block, if so, reporting the upgrading result to the server, otherwise, continuing to execute the steps S1, S2 and S3.
2. The OTA upgrading method according to claim 1, further comprising, before the step S1:
judging whether an upgrade package exists;
if yes, go to step S1;
otherwise, no processing is performed.
3. The OTA upgrading method according to claim 2, wherein the determining whether the upgrade package exists comprises:
sending current vehicle information to a server by triggering on a UI (user interface) of a current vehicle by a user, or by triggering in a current vehicle polling period or by actively pushing and triggering by the server;
the server matches the current vehicle information with the upgrade package information and returns a matching result;
and judging whether an upgrade package exists according to the matching result.
4. An OTA upgrade method according to claim 3 wherein the server divides the upgrade package into at least one data block according to the memory size of the current vehicle information; and transmitting the data block to the current vehicle.
5. An OTA upgrade method according to claim 4, wherein the data blocks comprise at least one or more of magic number, total block length, Checksum data, decryption information data offset, decryption information data length, upgrade information data offset, upgrade information data length, decryption information data, and upgrade information data.
6. The OTA upgrading method according to claim 5, wherein in step S2, after the storing the current data block in a buffer of a current vehicle memory, before the sequentially performing integrity check, decryption check and upgrade on the current data block, further comprising:
judging whether the current data block is completely downloaded;
if yes, executing integrity check, decryption and signature check and upgrading of the current data block in sequence;
otherwise, continuing to download the current data block.
7. The OTA upgrading method according to claim 5, wherein the sequentially performing integrity check, decryption and signature verification and upgrading on the current data block comprises:
calculating the Checksum of the data block, comparing the Checksum with the Checksum data in the field of the data block, and judging the integrity of the current data block;
if the current data block is complete, analyzing and extracting the upgrading information data, and checking and decrypting the upgrading information data;
and executing upgrading operation according to the decrypted upgrading information data.
8. The OTA upgrade method according to claim 7, wherein the integrity check and decryption verification of the current data block are performed in the memory of the current vehicle.
9. The OTA upgrading method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the method further comprises:
acquiring an upgrading information packet, wherein the upgrading information packet at least comprises download addresses of all data blocks and the number of the data blocks;
the current vehicle sets the thread number of the execution task according to the upgrading information packet;
each thread downloads the corresponding data block and performs the sequential steps S2, S3.
10. A system running a program executable to perform a method for OTA upgrade comprising any of claims 1-9.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116107612A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-05-12 | 北京集度科技有限公司 | Firmware air upgrading device, charging pile, device, method and program product |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116107612A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-05-12 | 北京集度科技有限公司 | Firmware air upgrading device, charging pile, device, method and program product |
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