CN114221934B - Domain name resolution caching method, DNS server and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the field of network communications technologies, and in particular, to a domain name resolution caching method, a DNS server, and a computer readable storage medium. The domain name resolution caching method provided by the invention can greatly improve the resolution efficiency of DNS domain name resolution, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: step S1, a key domain name list is established, domain names in the key domain name list are cached in a cache allocated for a special process, and domain names which are not in the key domain name list are cached in a general memory allocated for a common process; step S2, after receiving the domain name resolution request, inquiring through a special process, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is cached in the cache, skipping step S3 and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request; and step S3, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is not cached in the cache, inquiring in the general memory through a common process, and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of network communications technologies, and in particular, to a domain name resolution caching method, a DNS server, and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
The domain name resolution is to resolve a corresponding IP address through the domain name resolution, so that people can conveniently access a service of a website through the registered domain name. With the development of internet technology and the popularization of various intelligent devices, the domain name resolution requirement is greatly increased, and accordingly, a domain name resolution service with ultra-high speed is required.
Domain name resolution services typically require a Central Processing Unit (CPU) to query a memory for IP address data corresponding to a domain name. However, the speed of the CPU to access data is very fast, can reach more than 1G/sec, and can reach more than 10M/sec for the memory, which is a faster speed, and the speed of the CPU and the speed of the memory are nearly hundreds of times.
In the prior art, in order to solve the speed difference problem of the CPU speed and the memory speed, a multi-level Cache (Cache) of a computer is established, when domain name resolution is required, required data is firstly searched from the Cache (Cache), and if the data cannot be found in the Cache (Cache), the data is searched from the memory. Because the running speed of the Cache (Cache) is much faster than that of the memory, even the same 1G/sec as the CPU can be achieved, and therefore the domain name resolution speed of the Cache (Cache) can be greatly improved. However, the Cache (Cache) has a small Cache space, so that only a part of domain names can be stored, and domain name users stored in the Cache (Cache) have difficulty in freely selecting the domain names. In practical application, the domain name request is very random, and as a result, the multi-level Cache (Cache) of the general-purpose computer can not find the IP address data corresponding to the requested domain name frequently, namely Cache miss (CACHEMISS) occurs, which can cause the CPU to spend more time on searching and reading the memory, so that the performance loss of the CPU is caused, and the resolution speed of the domain name is reduced.
Therefore, a technical solution is needed to provide efficient and stable domain name resolution service.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a domain name resolution caching method, a DNS server, and a computer readable storage medium, which can stably and substantially improve the resolution speed of domain name resolution.
The domain name resolution caching method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
Step S1, a key domain name list is established, domain names in the key domain name list are cached in a cache allocated for a special process, and domain names which are not in the key domain name list are cached in a general memory allocated for a common process;
Step S2, after receiving the domain name resolution request, inquiring through a special process, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is cached in the cache, skipping step S3 and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request;
And step S3, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is not cached in the cache, inquiring in the general memory through a common process, and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request.
In the domain name resolution caching method provided by the invention, the domain names in the pre-established key domain name list are cached in the cache allocated to the special process, and the cache has a speed far higher than that of access data of the memory, so that resolution requests for the domain names in the key domain name list can be responded at a high speed, and the speed of the whole domain name resolution service is improved. In addition, the domain names in the key domain name list can be specified by the user, namely, the domain names needing high-speed response or frequent access can be stored in the key domain name list so as to obtain the corresponding high-speed domain name resolution service.
In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, the domain name resolution caching method further comprises the following steps of
And S4, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is not cached in the general memory, forwarding the domain name resolution request to the recursion server, and receiving and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request responded by the recursion server.
In general, most domain name resolution requests can be covered by data stored in the cache and the general memory, and for domain names for which response results cannot be queried in both the cache and the general memory, the domain name resolution needs to be performed by the recursive server, and the response results are queried from the recursive server or other DNS servers and returned to the user.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the capacity of the cache allocated to the special process by the domain name resolution caching method is smaller than or equal to the total capacity of the cache memory. Thus, the dedicated process can be bound into the high-speed storage memory.
Preferably, in the technical solution of the present invention, the domain name resolution caching method further includes step S11, binding the dedicated process to the cache memory through a cache allocation technique.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the cache allocation technology (Cache Allocation Technology, CAT) can divide a plurality of blocks for the existing cache and control the block accessed by each core on the basis of the blocks, thereby realizing the purpose of allocating caches with different sizes for different cores, namely allocating caches for special processes.
Preferably, in the domain name resolution caching method provided by the technical scheme of the invention, the cache memory is a three-level CPU cache. The capacity of the three-level buffer is larger than that of the first-level buffer and the second-level buffer, the data processing speed is far higher than that of a common memory, and in a CPU with the three-level buffer, only about 5% of data needs to be called from the memory, so that the capacity of the data buffer and the data processing speed are both considered.
In the preferred technical scheme of the present invention, step S1 of the domain name resolution caching method further includes step S10 of updating the key domain name list periodically or aperiodically.
Because the domain name needing to be resolved at high speed is not fixed in large probability, the domain name needing to be resolved at high speed can be added into the key domain name list by updating the key domain name list periodically or aperiodically, and the domain name needing not to be resolved at high speed is deleted from the key domain name list. The regular or irregular updating can be automatically updated according to a preset rule through a program, and the user can also automatically select the addition and deletion of the domain name.
Preferably, in the technical scheme of the invention, the key domain name list in the domain name resolution caching method is a list of N domains before the number of domain name resolution requests in the history resolution request record, wherein N is more than or equal to 5000 and less than or equal to 50000. The N domain names with the N names before the number of the domain name resolution requests in the history resolution request record, namely the N domain names with the largest accessed times, basically occupy more than 90% of the total amount of the domain name resolution requests, so that the N domain names before the number of the domain name resolution requests in the history resolution request record can be ensured to be resolved at a high speed, and the efficiency of the whole domain name resolution service can be greatly improved.
In the technical scheme of the present invention, there is also provided a DNS server, where the DNS server includes a memory and one or more processors, and when a program or an instruction in the memory is executed by the processor, the DNS server is capable of executing the following steps when performing domain name cache resolution:
Step S1, a key domain name list is established, domain names in the key domain name list are cached in a cache allocated for a special process, and domain names which are not in the key domain name list are cached in a general memory allocated for a common process;
Step S2, after receiving the domain name resolution request, inquiring through a special process, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is cached in the cache, skipping step S3 and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request;
And step S3, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is not cached in the cache, inquiring in the general memory through a common process, and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request.
Through the steps, the DNS server provided in the technical scheme of the invention can establish the key domain name list, and the domain name in the key domain name list is analyzed through the special process cache, so that the analysis speed of domain name analysis is stably and greatly improved.
In the technical scheme of the invention, a computer readable storage medium is also provided, and a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the domain name resolution caching method are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a domain name resolution caching method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a preferred domain name resolution caching method in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of another preferred domain name resolution caching method in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a system configuration diagram of a domain name resolution caching method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a DNS server in an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-security policy subsystem, 2-DNS business subsystem, 3-dedicated process cache, 4-general memory, 5-recursive forwarding subsystem, 6-recursive server, 7-cache update subsystem, 8-business management subsystem, 9-log subsystem, 10-DNS server, 11-memory, 12-processor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a domain name resolution caching method is provided, including:
Step S1, a key domain name list is established, domain names in the key domain name list are cached in a cache allocated for a special process, and domain names which are not in the key domain name list are cached in a general memory allocated for a common process;
Step S2, after receiving the domain name resolution request, inquiring through a special process, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is cached in the cache, skipping step S3 and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request;
And step S3, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is not cached in the cache, inquiring in the general memory through a common process, and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request.
In this embodiment, first, it is necessary to create a key domain name list, and cache the domain names in the key domain name list in a cache allocated to the dedicated process. When a domain name resolution request, such as a domain name www.example.com, is received, it is first searched by the dedicated process in the cache allocated for the dedicated process to determine whether the IP address information of domain name www.example.com is cached. If the cache allocated for the special process is cached with the IP address information of the domain name www.example.com, the IP address information can be directly returned to the user as the response result of the domain name resolution request; if the cache allocated for the dedicated process does not have the IP address information of domain name www.example.com, the IP address information of domain name www.example.com is searched in the general memory.
Because the speed of the cache is far higher than that of the access data of the general memory, the resolution requests aiming at the domain names in the key domain name list can be responded at high speed, so that the speed of the whole domain name resolution service can be improved. In addition, the domain names in the key domain name list can be specified by the user, namely, the domain names needing high-speed response or frequent access can be stored in the key domain name list so as to obtain the corresponding high-speed domain name resolution service.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the domain name resolution caching method further includes step S4, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is not cached in the general memory, forwarding the domain name resolution request to the recursive server, and receiving and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request sent by the recursive server.
When performing domain name resolution, if no IP address information of the domain name www.example.com is queried in the cache and the general memory allocated for the dedicated process, the domain name resolution request of the domain name www.example.com needs to be forwarded to the recursion server, and the recursion server sends a query request to the whole DNS domain name resolution network to obtain a query result and return the query result to the user. The query result here may be a conventional analysis result such as IP address information of the domain name www.example.com, or an abnormal analysis result such as absence of the domain name (nxdomain).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the size of the cache allocated by the domain name resolution caching method to the dedicated process is less than or equal to the total size of the cache memory. Thus, the dedicated process can be bound into the high-speed storage memory.
As shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the domain name resolution caching method further includes step S11, binding the dedicated process into the cache memory through the cache allocation technology.
The cache allocation technique (Cache Allocation Technology, CAT) may divide a plurality of blocks into existing caches and control the blocks accessed by each core based on the blocks, thereby achieving the purpose of allocating caches of different sizes for different cores, i.e., allocating caches for dedicated processes. Through the steps, the special process can control the assigned cache only, so that the domain name resolution efficiency in the special process cache is improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cache memory in the domain name resolution caching method is a three-level CPU cache. CPU cache is a temporary memory located between a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and memory, the capacity of the cache is smaller than the memory but the data processing speed is far higher than the memory. Generally, when the CPU reads data, the data is firstly searched from the cache, and if the data is found, the data is read and returned to the CPU; if the data is not found in the cache, the data is read from the memory with slower data processing speed and returned to the CPU, and the data is simultaneously transferred into the cache, so that the data can be read through the cache later.
The CPU buffer is divided into three levels, the capacity of the three levels of buffer is larger than that of the first level buffer and the second level buffer, the data processing speed is far higher than that of a common memory, and in the CPU with the three levels of buffer, only about 5% of data needs to be called from the memory, so that the data buffer capacity and the data processing speed are both considered. Moreover, the buffer hit rate in the three-level buffer can be further improved by buffering the key domain name list appointed by the user into the three-level buffer.
Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, step S1 of the domain name resolution caching method further includes
Step S10, updating the key domain name list periodically or aperiodically.
The key domain name list is a domain name list capable of performing high-speed domain name resolution, but since the domain name required for high-speed domain name resolution is not fixed with a high probability, the key domain name list needs to be updated periodically or aperiodically. The updating step can add the domain name needing to be subjected to high-speed domain name resolution into the key domain name list, and delete the domain name needing no high-speed domain name resolution from the key domain name list. The regular or irregular updating can be automatically updated according to a preset rule through a program, and the user can also automatically select the addition and deletion of the domain name.
Further, in this embodiment, the key domain name list in the domain name resolution caching method is a list of N domains before the number of domain name resolution requests in the history resolution request record, where N is 5000 and 50000. The N domain names with the N names before the number of the domain name resolution requests in the history resolution request record, namely the N domain names with the largest accessed times, basically occupy more than 90% of the total amount of the domain name resolution requests, so that the N domain names before the number of the domain name resolution requests in the history resolution request record can be ensured to be resolved at a high speed, and the efficiency of the whole domain name resolution service can be greatly improved. Generally, when n=10000, that is, the key domain name list includes the domain names of the first 1000 domains of the number of domain name resolution requests in the history resolution request record, the key domain name list may cover more than 95% of the total number of domain name resolution requests.
It should be noted that the construction mode of the key domain name list is not limited to the number of domain name resolution requests recorded by referring to the history resolution requests, but the key domain name list can be constructed according to other characteristic data of the domain name, such as the access quantity, the access duration, the number of people accessing the domain name, and the like. Similarly, domain name screening may also be performed manually, such as domain names containing specified fields, domain names requiring significant attention, and the like.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a domain name resolution caching method is provided, and a system structure for implementing the domain name resolution caching method is shown in fig. 4. The system structure of the domain name resolution caching method comprises a security policy subsystem 1, a DNS service subsystem 2, a special process cache 3, a general memory 4, a recursion forwarding subsystem 5, a recursion server 6, a cache updating subsystem 7, a service management subsystem 8 and a log subsystem 9.
The security policy subsystem 1 is used for judging the security of the data, i.e. the data packet of the domain name resolution request and the domain name response result can not pass through the security policy subsystem 1 without security problem, so as to carry out the next step of transmission or resolution. Information interaction exists between the security policy subsystem 1 and the service management subsystem 8 respectively, and the security policy subsystem 1 can store date, time, user and other data packet information into the log subsystem 9 for later calling and inquiry.
The DNS service subsystem 2 is configured to parse the domain name resolution request information sent from the security policy subsystem 1, then send the domain name resolution request to the dedicated process cache 3, and receive the response result returned from the dedicated process cache 3 and/or the general memory 4. In addition, the DNS service subsystem 2 can also return back-end return information, such as a response result, to a request end, such as a user, through the security policy subsystem 1.
The private process cache 3 and the general memory 4 respectively cache a part of domain name information, the domain name request can sequentially inquire response results of the corresponding domain name request such as IP address information in the private process cache 3 and the general memory 4, and the private process cache 3 and the general memory 4 can return the inquired response results to the DNS service subsystem 2.
The recursive forwarding subsystem 5 can recursively forward the domain name resolution request transmitted from the general memory 4 to the external recursive server 6, and can transmit the response result of the domain name request returned from the recursive server 6 to the DNS service subsystem 2.
The recursive server 6 may be located outside the system, and is used for local recursive query without buffering results, that is, after receiving the domain name resolution request transmitted by the recursive forwarding subsystem 5, performing recursive query, if no response information is available, recursively transmitting the query request to the next-level recursive server 6 until a certain recursive server 6 transmits back a corresponding response result, and then transmitting the corresponding response result back to the recursive forwarding subsystem 5, and then transmitting the response result to the DNS service subsystem 2 by the recursive forwarding subsystem 5.
The cache update subsystem 7 is used to update the domain name information cached in the dedicated process cache 3 and the general-purpose memory 4 periodically or aperiodically.
The service management subsystem 8 has information interaction with the security policy subsystem 1, the DNS service subsystem 2 and the cache update subsystem 7, so that the service management subsystem 8 systematically manages and monitors each flow of the whole system implementing the domain name resolution caching method.
The log subsystem 9 is in information interaction with the above security policy subsystem 1, and is used for recording and storing system log information such as date, time, action and the like of the data packet transmitted through the security policy subsystem 1.
As shown in fig. 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, there is further provided a DNS server 10, the DNS server 10 including a memory 11 and one or more processors 12, when a program or an instruction in the memory 11 is executed by the processor 12, the DNS server 10 is capable of performing the following steps when performing domain name cache resolution:
Step S1, a key domain name list is established, domain names in the key domain name list are cached in a cache allocated for a special process, and domain names which are not in the key domain name list are cached in a general memory allocated for a common process;
Step S2, after receiving the domain name resolution request, inquiring through a special process, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is cached in the cache, skipping step S3 and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request;
And step S3, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is not cached in the cache, inquiring in the general memory through a common process, and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request.
In addition, it should be noted that the memory 11 may comprise a non-volatile memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a FLASH memory (FLASH), or any other device capable of storing program instructions or data with or without application of power. The memory 11 may also include volatile memory such as Random Access Memory (RAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), and Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), although other types of RAM may be used to implement the memory 11. The memory 11 may be implemented using a single memory module or a plurality of memory modules. Although memory 11 is depicted as being locally interconnected to processor 12, those skilled in the art will recognize that memory 11 may be provided in a different computer separately from processor 12 without departing from the scope of the subject technology.
Processor 12 may also include a general-purpose processor, a processor core, a multiprocessor, a reconfigurable processor, a microcontroller, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a field programmable gate array chip (FPGA), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a controller, a state machine, gating logic, a discrete hardware component, or any other processing unit or combination of one or more of the above.
Through the steps, the DNS server 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention can establish the key domain name list, and cache and analyze the domain names in the key domain name list through the dedicated process, thereby stably and greatly improving the resolution speed of domain name resolution, and avoiding the performance loss of the DNS server 10 caused by too low cache hit rate during domain name resolution.
In an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the domain name resolution caching method described above.
The technical solution of the present invention has been described so far with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention is obviously not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The domain name resolution caching method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step S1, a key domain name list is established, domain names in the key domain name list are cached in a cache allocated for a special process, and domain names which are not in the key domain name list are cached in a general memory allocated for a common process;
Step S10, periodically or aperiodically updating the key domain name list;
The key domain name list refers to one or more conditions in the specified fields of the number of domain name resolution requests, the access quantity, the access duration, the number of people accessing the domain name and the domain name to be updated automatically/manually;
Step S11, binding the special process into a high-speed cache memory through a cache allocation technology, wherein the high-speed cache memory is a three-level CPU high-speed cache, the capacity of the three-level CPU high-speed cache is smaller than that of the general memory, and the data processing speed of the three-level CPU high-speed cache is larger than that of the general memory;
Step S2, after receiving the domain name resolution request, inquiring through the special process, and if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is cached in the cache, skipping step S3 and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request;
And step S3, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is not cached in the cache, inquiring in the general memory through the common process, and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request.
2. The domain name resolution caching method of claim 1, further comprising
And S4, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is not cached in the general memory, forwarding the domain name resolution request to a recursion server, and receiving and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request responded by the recursion server.
3. The domain name resolution caching method of claim 2, wherein the capacity of the cache allocated for the dedicated process is less than or equal to the total capacity of the cache memory.
4. The domain name resolution caching method according to claim 1, wherein the key domain name list is a list of N domain names before the number of domain name resolution requests in the history resolution request record, wherein N is 5000-50000.
5. A DNS server comprising a memory and one or more processors, wherein when a program or instructions in the memory is executed by the processor, the DNS server is capable of performing the following steps when performing domain name cache resolution:
Step S1, a key domain name list is established, domain names in the key domain name list are cached in a cache allocated for a special process, and domain names which are not in the key domain name list are cached in a general memory allocated for a common process;
Step S10, periodically or aperiodically updating the key domain name list;
The key domain name list refers to one or more conditions in the specified fields of the number of domain name resolution requests, the access quantity, the access duration, the number of people accessing the domain name and the domain name to be updated automatically/manually;
Step S11, binding the special process into a high-speed cache memory through a cache allocation technology, wherein the high-speed cache memory is a three-level CPU high-speed cache, the capacity of the three-level CPU high-speed cache is smaller than that of the general memory, and the data processing speed of the three-level CPU high-speed cache is larger than that of the general memory;
Step S2, after receiving the domain name resolution request, inquiring through the special process, and if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is cached in the cache, skipping step S3 and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request;
And step S3, if the domain name in the domain name resolution request is not cached in the cache, inquiring in the general memory through the common process, and returning a response result of the domain name resolution request.
6. A computer readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium, which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the domain name resolution caching method according to any one of claims 1-4.
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