CN114217581A - Data acquisition system for production workshop - Google Patents

Data acquisition system for production workshop Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114217581A
CN114217581A CN202111479891.XA CN202111479891A CN114217581A CN 114217581 A CN114217581 A CN 114217581A CN 202111479891 A CN202111479891 A CN 202111479891A CN 114217581 A CN114217581 A CN 114217581A
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China
Prior art keywords
signals
data processing
processing gateway
module
point location
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CN202111479891.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘怀兰
金磊
閤辰皓
杨家辉
陈莉
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Wuhan Gaode Information Industry Co ltd
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Wuhan Gaode Information Industry Co ltd
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202111479891.XA priority Critical patent/CN114217581A/en
Publication of CN114217581A publication Critical patent/CN114217581A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • G05B19/4183Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by data acquisition, e.g. workpiece identification
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/32Operator till task planning
    • G05B2219/32252Scheduling production, machining, job shop
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a data acquisition system for a production workshop, which belongs to the field of digital twins and comprises the following components: the point location expansion module is used for collecting various equipment signals of a production workshop; the analog quantity expanding unit comprises N-way gating input ends and 2NInput terminal of circuit expansion board connectable to 2NAn electronic circuit conversion board; the remote module receives various equipment signals acquired by the point location expansion module in a wired communication mode and sends the various equipment signals to the data processing gateway in a wireless communication mode; the data processing gateway receives various equipment signals sent by the remote module in a wireless communication mode and sends the various equipment signals to the upper computer through the Ethernet; the upper computer generates corresponding control signals according to various equipment signals, transmits the control signals to the point location expansion module through the data processing gateway and the remote module in sequence, and the point location expansion module controls equipment in the production workshop according to the control signals. And the data acquisition of various types of workshop equipment can be realized.

Description

Data acquisition system for production workshop
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of digital twins, and particularly relates to a data acquisition system for a production workshop.
Background
The digital twin is an effective method for realizing real-time interaction and fusion of a physical world and an information world as a key technology of intelligent manufacturing. With the development of the digital twin technology, the interconnection and intercommunication requirements of each device in a production workshop are continuously improved, so that the technologies of an industrial system, data analysis of the internet of things, data interaction and the like are gradually applied to the modern production workshop. At present, the SCADAS is widely applied to industrial enterprises, the SCADAS is used for monitoring the running state of equipment in a production workshop, and the SCADAS interacts with a factory manufacturing execution system MES to perform feedback control on the workshop. Due to the different suppliers of equipment and automation levels in a production plant, the communication protocols between these equipment are often unable to intercommunicate, making the data interaction between the production plant difficult today.
At present, data acquisition technologies are divided into two types, namely field multi-bus protocol conversion acquisition and embedded equipment acquisition control signals. The field multi-bus protocol conversion acquisition control signal is more professional, but the conversion between different protocols is difficult, only some bus protocols can be specified, and the universality is poor. The embedded device has better versatility in collecting control signals, but is difficult when a new device needs to be accessed because the hardware circuit is fixed.
The data that need gather in the workshop have the characteristics that quantity is many, wide distribution, kind are many, need data interaction system when carrying out data interaction in different workshops, the data type and the quantity of gathering have great difference to there are the data that use bus protocol transmission in addition to direct collection number of telecommunication. At present, data interaction systems mostly acquire fixed point positions and fixed types, and are difficult to deal with flexible and changeable data interaction environments of production workshops.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects and the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a data acquisition system for a production workshop, which aims to solve the problem that the existing data acquisition system cannot be flexibly applied to the existing customized workshop.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a data acquisition system for a production plant, comprising: the point location expansion module comprises an analog quantity expansion unit and a digital quantity expansion unit and is used for collecting various equipment signals of a production workshop; wherein, the analog quantity expanding unit comprises N-path gating input ends and 2NInput terminal of a road expansion board, 2NInput of circuit expansion board for and 2NThe N-path gating input ends are used for gating the corresponding electronic circuit conversion plates based on the received gating signals so as to collect corresponding equipment analog signals, and N is greater than 1; the remote module is used for receiving various equipment signals acquired by the point location expansion module in a wired communication mode and sending the various equipment signals to the data processing gateway in a wireless communication mode; the data processing gateway is used for receiving various equipment signals sent by the remote module in a wireless communication mode and sending the various equipment signals to the upper computer through the Ethernet; and the upper computer is used for generating corresponding control signals according to the various equipment signals and transmitting the control signals to the point location expansion module through the data processing gateway and the remote module in sequence, and the point location expansion module controls the equipment of the production workshop according to the control signals.
Furthermore, the data processing gateway is further configured to screen out a device signal that changes from the received multiple device signals at the last time, and send the changed device signal to the upper computer through the ethernet.
Furthermore, the point location expansion module is further configured to send the acquired first device signal to the data processing gateway in a wired communication manner, where the first device signal is a device signal acquired by an analog quantity expansion unit and a digital quantity expansion unit that are located at a distance smaller than a distance threshold from the data processing gateway; the remote module is used for sending signals except the first equipment signal in the multiple equipment signals to the data processing gateway in a wireless communication mode.
Still further, still include: and the power supply module is used for providing working voltage for the point location expansion module, the remote module and the data processing gateway.
Furthermore, the power supply module comprises a voltage reduction circuit, and the voltage reduction circuit is used for converting the 24V working voltage generated by the power supply module into a 5V working voltage and supplying the 5V working voltage to the data processing gateway.
Furthermore, the voltage reduction circuit is a voltage conversion chip, and a control pin of the voltage conversion chip is connected with the normally closed switch and used for disconnecting the normally closed switch to cut off the data processing gateway when the data processing gateway is in fault.
Furthermore, the data acquisition system utilizes the IIC to realize a wired communication mode.
Generally, by the above technical solution conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained: the module for collecting the analog signals and the digital signals of the equipment is designed into an extensible structure, so that different electronic circuit conversion boards are accessed through an extension interface, the collection of various different analog quantities is realized, the extensibility and the reliability of the system are improved, and the formed system is suitable for the flexible and changeable data interaction environment of a production workshop; furthermore, the data processing gateway only uploads the equipment signals of the changed point positions to the upper computer, so that the communication pressure is reduced, and the response speed is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a data acquisition system for a production plant according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of an analog expansion unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of a voltage step-down circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like (if any) in the description and the drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a data acquisition system for a production plant according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, a data acquisition system for a production plant according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2 to 3.
The data acquisition system for the production workshop comprises a point location expansion module, a remote module, a data processing gateway and an upper computer. The point location expansion module comprises an analog quantity expansion unit and a digital quantity expansion unit and is used for collecting various equipment signals of a production workshop, and the equipment signals comprise equipment analog signals and equipment digital signals.
The analog quantity expanding unit comprises N-way gating input ends and 2NInput terminal of circuit expansion board, 2NInput of circuit expansion board for and 2NThe electronic circuit conversion boards are connected in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the N-way gating input ends are used for gating the corresponding electronic circuit conversion boards based on the received gating signals so as to collect corresponding equipment analog signals, and N is larger than 1. The ranges of the electronic circuit conversion boards can be the same or different.
The remote module is used for receiving various equipment signals acquired by the point location expansion module in a wired communication mode and sending the various equipment signals to the data processing gateway in a wireless communication mode. The data processing gateway is used for receiving various equipment signals sent by the remote module in a wireless communication mode and sending the various equipment signals to the upper computer through the Ethernet. The upper computer is used for generating corresponding control signals according to various equipment signals and transmitting the control signals to the point location expansion module through the data processing gateway and the remote module in sequence, and the point location expansion module controls equipment of the production workshop according to the control signals.
Taking the structure of the analog expansion unit shown in fig. 2 as an example, it includes three-way gate input terminals a0: a2, and can expand up to eight identical electronic circuit conversion boards. The analog quantity expanding unit shown in fig. 2 is a chip having 4-channel analog quantity acquisition and 1-channel analog quantity output functions, and the analog quantity acquisition structure is of a successive comparison type, and the digitization of the input analog quantity signal is completed by adopting a binary search algorithm. The analog quantity output structure adopts a parallel digital-to-analog conversion mode, and output quantity is formed by adding up each bit weighted value of DAC input quantity.
In this embodiment, for example, the MCP23017 is selected as the digital expansion unit, the photocoupler is used to implement isolation of high and low voltages of the driving circuit, so that safety of the system is enhanced, and the problem of insufficient current driving force caused by the fact that the photocoupler is used as the output isolation circuit is solved by using the voltage control element of the field-effect transistor. The MCP23017 is a 16-bit parallel port output chip using an IIC communication protocol, the chip is provided with three address pins A0, A1 and A2, eight different IIC addresses can be set at most, 128 switching value expansion can be achieved by using the chip at most, and the requirement of production workshop data acquisition is met. In consideration of stability, the MCP23017 of the micro snow electronics selected by the existing finished product is used, 16-bit general purpose GPIO is placed on two sides, and an IIC expansion interface and an address adjusting bit are reserved, so that expansion and address modification can be facilitated. In this embodiment, the data acquisition system uses IIC to implement wired communication
According to the embodiment of the invention, the data acquisition system for the production workshop further comprises a power supply module, and the power supply module is used for providing working voltage for the point location expansion module, the remote module and the data processing gateway. The power supply module selects an ESP8266 battery drive board, stable operation of the remote module can be achieved, and an IIC interface is led out to be connected with the point position expansion module.
The power supply module includes a voltage step-down circuit, as shown in fig. 3. Generally, the most in need of access control in industrial equipment is the PLC, which is supplied with 24V power. In order to facilitate the installation of the data processing gateway, a voltage reduction circuit is designed for converting the 24V working voltage generated by the power supply module into a 5V working voltage and supplying the 5V working voltage to the data processing gateway.
Preferably, the step-down circuit is implemented using a voltage conversion chip. The control pin of the voltage conversion chip is connected with the normally closed switch, and is used for disconnecting the normally closed switch to cut off the data processing gateway when the data processing gateway has a fault, so that the data processing gateway can be conveniently and rapidly restarted when the data processing gateway has an error and cannot normally work, as shown in fig. 3.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the data processing gateway is also used for screening out the equipment signals which change relative to the last moment from the received multiple equipment signals, and sending the changed equipment signals to the upper computer through the Ethernet, so that the communication pressure is reduced, and the response speed is improved. Since the performance and the internal storage space of the remote module are small, the data change determination is performed on the data processing gateway in this embodiment.
Preferably, a first wired communication unit is arranged in the point location expansion module, a second wired communication unit and a first wireless communication unit are arranged in the remote module, and a third wired communication unit, a second wireless communication unit and an ethernet communication unit are arranged in the data processing gateway. For the analog quantity expansion unit and the digital quantity expansion unit which are less than the distance threshold value from the data processing gateway, the acquired equipment signals are directly transmitted to the data processing gateway through the first wired communication unit and the third wired communication unit; for the analog quantity expansion unit and the digital quantity expansion unit which are not less than the distance threshold value from the data processing gateway, collected equipment signals are transmitted to the remote module through the first wired communication unit and the second wired communication unit, and the remote module sends the received equipment signals to the data processing gateway through the first wireless communication unit and the second wireless communication unit; and the data processing gateway sends the received equipment signal to an upper computer through the Ethernet communication unit.
In summary, in the data acquisition system for a production workshop in this embodiment, an architecture of an application layer, a network layer, and a sensing layer and a modular hardware design are adopted, and in order to improve system expansibility and reduce system cost, modular design is studied and a building block type modular component with a characteristic of high cohesion and low coupling is designed, so that a flexible, general and low-cost data acquisition system can be realized.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A data collection system for a manufacturing plant, comprising:
the point location expansion module comprises an analog quantity expansion unit and a digital quantity expansion unit and is used for collecting various equipment signals of a production workshop; wherein, the analog quantity expanding unit comprises N-path gating input ends and 2NInput terminal of a road expansion board, 2NInput of circuit expansion board for and 2NThe N-path gating input ends are used for gating the corresponding electronic circuit conversion plates based on the received gating signals so as to collect corresponding equipment analog signals, and N is greater than 1;
the remote module is used for receiving various equipment signals acquired by the point location expansion module in a wired communication mode and sending the various equipment signals to the data processing gateway in a wireless communication mode; the data processing gateway is used for receiving various equipment signals sent by the remote module in a wireless communication mode and sending the various equipment signals to the upper computer through the Ethernet;
and the upper computer is used for generating corresponding control signals according to the various equipment signals and transmitting the control signals to the point location expansion module through the data processing gateway and the remote module in sequence, and the point location expansion module controls the equipment of the production workshop according to the control signals.
2. The data collection system for the production plant according to claim 1, wherein the data processing gateway is further configured to screen out a device signal that changes from a previous moment among the received multiple device signals, and send the changed device signal to the upper computer through the ethernet.
3. The data acquisition system for the production workshop according to claim 1, wherein the point location expansion module is further configured to send the acquired first device signal to the data processing gateway in a wired communication manner, wherein the first device signal is a device signal acquired by an analog quantity expansion unit and a digital quantity expansion unit which are less than a distance threshold value from the data processing gateway;
the remote module is used for sending signals except the first equipment signal in the multiple equipment signals to the data processing gateway in a wireless communication mode.
4. The data collection system for a production plant of claim 1, further comprising: and the power supply module is used for providing working voltage for the point location expansion module, the remote module and the data processing gateway.
5. The data collection system for a manufacturing plant of claim 4, wherein the power supply module comprises a voltage reduction circuit for converting the 24V operating voltage generated by the power supply module to a 5V operating voltage and supplying the 5V operating voltage to a data processing gateway.
6. The data acquisition system for the production workshop according to claim 5, wherein the voltage reduction circuit is a voltage conversion chip, and a control pin of the voltage conversion chip is connected with a normally closed switch for disconnecting the normally closed switch to cut off the data processing gateway when the data processing gateway fails.
7. The data collection system for a production plant of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the data collection system implements a wired communication manner using IIC.
CN202111479891.XA 2021-12-06 2021-12-06 Data acquisition system for production workshop Pending CN114217581A (en)

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