CN114217142A - Battlefield electromagnetic environment complexity evaluation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battlefield electromagnetic environment complexity evaluation method, which aims to explore and research complex electromagnetic environment element evaluation in a battlefield, find out a set of complex electromagnetic environment grading evaluation method, roughly evaluate the effectiveness exertion condition of information equipment in a certain battlefield space by using the method and provide technical support for information countermeasure tactics evaluation and information countermeasure scheme design and formulation in a drilling scheme; constructing an index system for evaluating the complexity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield according to the objectivity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield and the influence degree of different frequency equipment on the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield; carrying out standardization processing on the indexes; the weight of each risk factor is objectively and reasonably obtained by integrating an analytic hierarchy process and an entropy weight method; rather than just consider a single weight calculation method on a one-sided basis; the battlefield electromagnetic environment complexity evaluation method established on the basis is objective and fair, so that the battlefield electromagnetic environment complexity can be identified quickly, and the risk control capability is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic evaluation, and particularly relates to a battlefield electromagnetic environment complexity evaluation method.
Background
With the further development of military information-based construction, more and more electronic equipment and information weapons appear on the battlefield, so that the high concentration of electromagnetic radiation sources is one of the main characteristics of the future battlefield. Artificial and natural electromagnetic radiation, hostile and non-hostile signals will crowd the electromagnetic band throughout the battlefield area, creating a dense, overlapping and dynamically changing electromagnetic environment. The battlefield electromagnetic environment has become the most prominent sign that the information battlefield is distinguished from the traditional battlefield. The battlefield electromagnetic environment is criss-cross in space domain, continuous in time domain concentration, dense overlapping in frequency domain, and different in energy domain, and the complexity is self-evident. The complexity of the electromagnetic environment of a battlefield is quantitatively evaluated, and the research on the complexity evaluation method is carried out, is a necessary requirement brought by increasingly complex battlefields, is also a basis for carrying out electromagnetic battles and electromagnetic spectrum management, and has important theoretical significance and military application value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a battlefield electromagnetic environment complexity evaluation method, which aims to explore and research complex electromagnetic environment element evaluation in a battlefield, find out a set of complex electromagnetic environment grading evaluation method, roughly evaluate the effectiveness exertion condition of information equipment in a certain battlefield space by using the method and provide technical support for information countermeasure tactics evaluation and information countermeasure scheme design and formulation in a drilling scheme.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a battlefield electromagnetic environment complexity evaluation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: constructing an index system for evaluating the complexity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield according to the objectivity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield and the influence degree of different frequency equipment on the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield; the method comprises the following steps of (1) including m research areas and n evaluation indexes;
step two: carrying out standardization processing on the indexes;
the initial data matrix for n evaluation indices for m study areas that have been obtained is:
X＝(xij)m×n，i＝1、2、……、m，j＝1、2、……、n；
the normalized evaluation matrix Y is equal to (Y)ij)m×nWherein
Step three: setting the importance degree of each index, determining subjective and objective weights through an exponential scale-based analytic hierarchy process and an information entropy weight method, and weighting the indexes;
step four: and establishing a complexity evaluation method based on a multi-target intelligent weighted grey target decision model to judge the complexity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield.
Further, the m study regions include spectral occupancy, temporal occupancy, power density, and signal pattern categories.
Furthermore, the frequency spectrum occupancy, the time occupancy, the power density and the signal pattern types respectively comprise a plurality of evaluation indexes; the n evaluation indexes are the sum of all indexes in the m research areas.
Further, the spectrum occupancy rate refers to a ratio of frequency bands covered by all radiation sources to be deployed in a battlefield range to generate a background electromagnetic environment to frequency bands to be investigated by a complex electromagnetic environment.
Furthermore, the time occupancy is the ratio of the length of time occupied by the sum of the electromagnetic signals of all military information equipment and the intensity of the electromagnetic noise of the battlefield background in the battlefield electromagnetic environment space to the length of time occupied by the electromagnetic signal of the battlefield background exceeding the level threshold of the battlefield electromagnetic background environment.
Further, the power density refers to the power density of the battlefield electromagnetic environment in which all signals are superimposed in the battlefield electromagnetic environment.
Further, solving each level of index weight vector by adopting a square root method
And calculating the weight set w' of each level of index.
Further, the constructed decision matrix is checked for consistency, i.e.
The random consistency ratio RI is CI/CR;
when CR <0.10, judging the matrix to be satisfied with consistency, otherwise, readjusting the judging matrix until the consistency is satisfied.
Further, the integrated weight is equal to 0.5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the weight of each risk factor is objectively and reasonably obtained by integrating an analytic hierarchy process and an entropy weight method; rather than just consider a single weight calculation method on a one-sided basis; the battlefield electromagnetic environment complexity evaluation method established on the basis is objective and fair, so that the battlefield electromagnetic environment complexity can be identified quickly, and the risk control capability is improved; the complexity of the electromagnetic environment of a battlefield is quantitatively evaluated, and the research on the complexity evaluation method is carried out, is a necessary requirement brought by increasingly complex battlefields, is also a basis for carrying out electromagnetic battles and electromagnetic spectrum management, and has important theoretical significance and military application value.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a battlefield electromagnetic environment complexity evaluation method specifically includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: constructing an index system for evaluating the complexity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield according to the objectivity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield and the influence degree of different frequency equipment on the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield; the method comprises the following steps of (1) including m research areas and n evaluation indexes; m and n are proportional coefficients which are positive integers;
the m research regions comprise frequency spectrum occupancy, time occupancy, power density and signal pattern types;
the frequency spectrum occupancy, the time occupancy, the power density and the signal pattern types respectively comprise a plurality of evaluation indexes; for example: the specific value of the frequency spectrum occupancy rate is that the frequency spectrum occupancy rate is a large area and comprises a plurality of small items which are evaluation indexes;
the n evaluation indexes are the sum of all indexes in the m research areas;
the frequency spectrum occupancy rate refers to the ratio of the frequency bands covered by all radiation sources which are to be deployed in a battlefield range and generate a background electromagnetic environment to the frequency bands to be investigated in a complex electromagnetic environment; the index reflects the crowdedness degree of a radiation source for constructing the electromagnetic environment from a frequency domain; the larger the frequency spectrum occupancy value is, the more the frequency of a radiation source for constructing an electromagnetic environment can cover a research frequency band, and the more the electromagnetic environment is complex;
the time occupation degree refers to the ratio of the time length occupied by the sum of the intensities of all military information equipment electromagnetic signals and the battlefield background electromagnetic noise exceeding the level threshold of the battlefield electromagnetic background environment to the battlefield time length in the battlefield electromagnetic environment space; the time occupancy reflects the intensity of the information control right in the time dimension in the electromagnetic environment of a battlefield, and the greater the time occupancy, the more violent the competition of the information control right is;
the power density refers to the power density of the battlefield electromagnetic environment after all signals (including military electromagnetic radiation source signals, civil electromagnetic radiation source signals and natural electromagnetic radiation source signals) are superposed in the battlefield electromagnetic environment; it reflects the severity of the battlefield electromagnetic environment in the energy dimension;
the signal pattern is one of important characterization domains of the complex electromagnetic environment, and the basic expression of the current complex electromagnetic environment in the pattern domain is that the signal pattern is more and more complex and the technical system is updated very fast; in the future, the complexity of signal modulation patterns of communication and radar equipment is higher and higher, and the signal modulation patterns comprise frequency agility, frequency diversity, multiple frequency dispersion, multiple frequency dithering, multiple frequency coding, pulse compression, intra-pulse frequency modulation and phase modulation, phase coding, continuous wave, various complex modulations and the like; meanwhile, the iteration of the technical system is faster and faster, such as phased arrays, multi-base radars, pulse Doppler, low interception, synthetic aperture, inverse synthetic aperture, hopping spread spectrum communication equipment and the like; for example, from the signal pattern types, the radar signal patterns have frequency agile frequency diversity, multiple frequency spread, multiple frequency jitter, multiple frequency coding, pulse compression, intra-pulse frequency modulation and phase modulation, phase coding continuous wave, various complex modulations and the like; the communication signals widely adopt various complex signal modulation patterns, mainly including frequency hopping, frequency spreading, frequency hopping and spreading mixing, amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation and other various modulation patterns; according to the display of various statistical articles at present, the complexity of signal patterns in the communication field reaches more than 100, so that the number of types of very serious signal patterns can be seen under the conditions of mutual influence and interference, the complexity of an electromagnetic environment is reflected to a certain extent, and the more types of signal patterns are, the more types of electromagnetic signal patterns in the constructed electromagnetic environment are complicated;
step two: carrying out standardization processing on the indexes;
the initial data matrix for n evaluation indices for m study areas that have been obtained is:
X＝(xij)m×n，i＝1、2、……、m，j＝1、2、……、n；
the normalized evaluation matrix Y is equal to (Y)ij)m×nWherein
Step three: setting the importance degree of each index, determining subjective and objective weights through an exponential scale-based analytic hierarchy process and an information entropy weight method, and weighting the indexes;
the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) judges the quality of the scheme by expressing a complex problem as an ordered structure with hierarchical levels and then making a decision by the opinion of people, thereby sequencing the method, and is more suitable for the multi-factor decision problem with the complex hierarchical structure;
solving each level index weight vector by adopting square root method
Calculating a weight set w' of each level of index;
the constructed decision matrix is checked for consistency, i.e.
The random consistency ratio RI is CI/CR;
in the formula: n is the index number; RI is the average random consistency; for the 1-9 order judgment matrix, the RI values are respectively shown in the table;
when CR <0.10, judging the matrix to be satisfactory consistent, otherwise, readjusting the judgment matrix until the matrix has satisfactory consistency;
the entropy is a measure of the uncertainty of the system state, the information content contained in index data in an evaluation index system can be measured by applying the entropy, and the weight of each index is determined according to the information content;
according to the definition of the information entropy, the information entropy of the j index in the evaluation matrix Y is as follows:
when the index acts on the equal probability of the research region, the information entropy value is maximum, and Ej is 1; the equiprobable effect shows that the information content contained in the index is consistent for all research areas, the existence of the index does not influence the final evaluation result, and therefore, the information utility value of the corresponding index depends on the difference value of the information entropy E of the index and 1, namely Dj1-E, the higher the utility value of the index, the greater the importance of the evaluation, and the greater the weight of the index, so the entropy weight of the j-th index is:
according to the advantages and disadvantages of the comprehensive analysis analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight process, the results of the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight process are combined to obtain an index weight vector comprehensively considering subjective and objective factors, namely: when the comprehensive weight is equal to 1 and 0, the comprehensive weight respectively corresponds to an AHP method and an entropy weight method; comprehensively considering the discussion result of the literature, and combining the practical situation of the index system, taking the comprehensive weight equal to 0.5;
step four: establishing a complexity evaluation method based on a multi-target intelligent weighted grey target decision model, and judging the complexity of a battlefield electromagnetic environment;
grey target decision making is the application and embodiment of the non-exclusive principle in grey system theory on decision theory.
The above formulas are all calculated by removing dimensions and taking numerical values thereof, the formula is a formula which is obtained by acquiring a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain the closest real situation, and the preset parameters and the preset threshold value in the formula are set by the technical personnel in the field according to the actual situation or obtained by simulating a large amount of data.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: constructing an index system for evaluating the complexity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield according to the objectivity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield and the influence degree of different frequency equipment on the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield; the method comprises the following steps of (1) including m research areas and n evaluation indexes; carrying out standardization processing on the indexes;
the initial data matrix for n evaluation indices for m study areas that have been obtained is: x ═ Xij)m×nThen, the normalized evaluation matrix Y is (Y)ij)m×nWherein
Setting the importance degree of each index, determining subjective and objective weights through an exponential scale-based analytic hierarchy process and an information entropy weight method, and weighting the indexes; and establishing a complexity evaluation method based on a multi-target intelligent weighted grey target decision model to judge the complexity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield. The m study regions include spectral occupancy, temporal occupancy, power density, and signal pattern categories. The frequency spectrum occupancy, the time occupancy, the power density and the signal pattern types respectively comprise a plurality of evaluation indexes; the n evaluation indexes are the sum of all indexes in the m research areas. The frequency spectrum occupancy rate refers to the frequency coverage of frequency bands and complex electromagnetic rings of all radiation sources which are to be deployed in a battlefield range to generate a background electromagnetic environmentThe ratio of frequency bands to be investigated; the time occupation degree refers to the ratio of the time length occupied by the sum of the intensities of all military information equipment electromagnetic signals and the battlefield background electromagnetic noise exceeding the level threshold of the battlefield electromagnetic background environment to the battlefield time length in the battlefield electromagnetic environment space; the power density refers to the power density of the battlefield electromagnetic environment after all signals are superposed in the battlefield electromagnetic environment; solving each level index weight vector by adopting square root method
Calculating a weight set w' of each level of index; the constructed decision matrix is checked for consistency, i.e.
The random consistency ratio RI is CI/CR; when CR is reached<And when the consistency is 0.10, the judgment matrix is satisfied, otherwise, the judgment matrix is readjusted until the consistency is satisfied.
In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus, device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules is only one logical functional division, and there may be other divisions when the actual implementation is performed; the modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as modules may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the method of the embodiment.
It will also be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof.
The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it is obvious that the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. A plurality of units or means recited in the system claims may also be implemented by one unit or means in software or hardware. The terms second, etc. are used to denote names, but not any particular order.
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical process of the present invention and not to limit the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical process of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical process of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A battlefield electromagnetic environment complexity evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: constructing an index system for evaluating the complexity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield according to the objectivity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield and the influence degree of different frequency equipment on the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield; the method comprises the following steps of (1) including m research areas and n evaluation indexes;
step two: carrying out standardization processing on the indexes;
the initial data matrix for n evaluation indices for m study areas that have been obtained is:
X＝(xij)m×n，i＝1、2、……、m，j＝1、2、……、n；
the normalized evaluation matrix Y is equal to (Y)ij)m×nWherein
Step three: setting the importance degree of each index, determining subjective and objective weights through an exponential scale-based analytic hierarchy process and an information entropy weight method, and weighting the indexes;
step four: and establishing a complexity evaluation method based on a multi-target intelligent weighted grey target decision model to judge the complexity of the electromagnetic environment of the battlefield.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the m regions of interest comprise spectral occupancy, temporal occupancy, power density, and signal pattern type.
3. The battlefield electromagnetic environment complexity evaluation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the frequency spectrum occupancy, time occupancy, power density and signal pattern category each comprise a plurality of evaluation indexes; the n evaluation indexes are the sum of all indexes in the m research areas.
4. The method for evaluating the complexity of the electromagnetic environment in the battlefield according to claim 2, wherein the spectrum occupancy rate is a ratio of frequency bands which can be covered by all radiation sources to be deployed in the battlefield range to generate the background electromagnetic environment to frequency bands to be investigated by the electromagnetic environment in the complex field.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the time occupancy is a ratio of a length of time taken for a sum of the intensities of the electromagnetic signals of all military information equipment and the electromagnetic noise of the battlefield background to exceed a threshold level of the electromagnetic background environment of the battlefield to a length of time taken for the battlefield in the space of the battlefield electromagnetic environment.
6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the power density is the power density of the electromagnetic environment after all the signals are superimposed in the electromagnetic environment.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprisesCharacterized in that the weight vector of each level of index is solved by adopting a square root method
And calculating the weight set w' of each level of index.
8. A method for complexity assessment of battlefield electromagnetic environment according to claim 7, characterized in that the constructed decision matrix is checked for consistency, i.e. it is checked for consistency
The random consistency ratio RI is CI/CR;
when CR <0.10, judging the matrix to be satisfied with consistency, otherwise, readjusting the judging matrix until the consistency is satisfied.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the composite weight is equal to 0.5.
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| CN105718753A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-29 | 中国人民解放军装备学院 | Matrix description and verisimilitude evaluation method for equipping test electromagnetic environment |
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