CN114143021B - News information credit score system based on block chain - Google Patents
News information credit score system based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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- CN114143021B CN114143021B CN202111133182.6A CN202111133182A CN114143021B CN 114143021 B CN114143021 B CN 114143021B CN 202111133182 A CN202111133182 A CN 202111133182A CN 114143021 B CN114143021 B CN 114143021B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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Abstract
The invention provides a news information credit score system based on a block chain, which belongs to the technical field of the block chain and comprises a node management module, a consensus management module and a credit score calculation module; the node management module is used for carrying out access management, initialization setting and authority management on a user to be added into the news information credit score system; the consensus management module is used for switching different consensus mechanisms and providing a consensus algorithm for realizing information block uplink according to the system running state and the network scale; and the credit point calculation module is used for calculating the credit value of all nodes in the system according to the work done during block uplink. Through the design, the invention realizes a public, transparent and decentralized news information credit score system, solves the problems of easy loss of news information, difficult judgment of news authenticity and easy falsification of news information in the traditional Internet mode, and is beneficial to maintaining a more fair and reliable network information environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of block chains, in particular to a news information credit score system based on a block chain.
Background
The blockchain is a distributed account book technology supporting safety, decentralization and consensus on the Internet scale, can safely store transaction information on a network, and ensures that the information cannot be forged or falsified. The block chain integrates and innovates four technologies of cryptography, consensus algorithm, distributed technology and intelligent contract, so that the block chain system is more in line with the characteristics of decentralization, safety and reliability of the block chain system. In these basic techniques, the consensus algorithm determines to a large extent the performance of the blockchain system, such as transaction throughput, latency, node scalability, security level, etc. Therefore, different consensus algorithms need to be used at different stages of the system according to different application scenarios, network sizes and performance requirements. There are two common consensus algorithms at present: one is a certification-based algorithm applied to public chains, such as PoW workload certification algorithms employed by bitcoin and etherhouses, as well as common PoS equity certification algorithms, poA authority certification algorithms, and PoC credit consensus algorithms; the other is a BFT-like algorithm applied to the federation chain, such as the PBFT Utility Byzantine Fault tolerant algorithm. Each of these consensus algorithms has its advantages, but also faces application scenario limitations. Therefore, how to combine these consensus algorithms to make them really suitable for different stages of a complete blockchain system and exert their advantages is a key issue in the development of blockchain technology.
With the rapid development of the internet and new media, the way of the public participating in news dissemination becomes simpler, the speed of news information dissemination is also increased, which brings great challenges to the authenticity of news, and in addition, as news information is usually stored on a server of a single media organization, the problem of information loss is easy to occur. The blockchain technology can well solve the problems due to the characteristics of decentralization and public verifiability, and news messages sent to the blockchain by a media agency or an individual user are verified, stored in the blockchain and added into the blockchain, so that the authenticity and the non-tampering property of the news are ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a news information credit score system based on a block chain.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a news information credit score system based on a block chain is characterized by comprising a node management module, a consensus management module and a credit score calculation module;
the node management module is used for executing node management, and performing access management, initialization setting and authority management on a user to be added into the news information credit score system;
the consensus management module executes consensus establishment when in use, switches different consensus mechanisms according to the system running state and the network scale and provides consensus algorithms for realizing information block uplink, wherein the consensus algorithms comprise a PoA algorithm, a PoC algorithm and a BFT algorithm;
the credit point calculation module is used for executing credit point calculation and calculating the credit value of all nodes in the system according to the work of the nodes on the uplink in the block.
The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned scheme is that,
the invention provides a news information credit score system based on a block chain, which mainly comprises three modules: the device comprises a node management module, a consensus management module and a credit point calculation module. The node management module is mainly responsible for performing affairs such as identity authentication, node creation, authority management and the like on a user to be added into the network; the consensus management module is mainly responsible for switching different consensus mechanisms and providing corresponding consensus algorithms according to the system running state and the scale of nodes in the network; the credit integral calculation module is mainly responsible for calculating the credit integral value obtained by the nodes in the network in each round. Through the design, the system has a clear hierarchical structure, the functional modules are mutually independent, high performance can be realized, news information can be efficiently and quickly linked, the problems that news information is easy to lose, the authenticity of the news is difficult to judge and hot news is maliciously pressed in a traditional internet mode are effectively solved, a more fair and reliable network information environment is favorably maintained, and better use experience is provided for users.
Further, the node management module specifically executes node management in the following manner:
a1, performing identity verification and admission management on a user to be added into a network at the initial operation stage of a news information credit score system, and allowing the user to be added into the network after the user passes the verification;
a2, establishing nodes for users allowed to join the network and carrying out data synchronization;
a3, performing authority division on the created nodes according to node identity identifiers and credit integral values of the created nodes;
the consensus management module performs consensus establishment in the following manner:
b1, in the first stage of the operation of the news information credit score system, the block chain network adopts a PoA consensus algorithm with an admission mechanism to complete the packing and uplink process of the information blocks, and when the number of nodes in the network and the total credit score value reach N 1 And S 1 When the news information credit score system executes the consensus mechanism switching operation, and then the step B2 is carried out;
b2, in the second stage of the operation of the credit score system of the news information, the block chain network adopts a hybrid consensus algorithm with a voting mechanism PoA + PoC to complete the packaging and chaining process of the information blocks, and when the number N of nodes in the network 2 And the total credit integration value reaches S 2 When the system is in use, the system executes the switching operation of the consensus mechanism, and then the step B3 is carried out;
b3, in the third stage of the operation of the news information credit score system, the block chain network adopts a mixed consensus algorithm of PoC + BFT to complete the packaging and chain linking process of the information blocks;
the credit point calculation module performs credit point calculation in the following manner:
c1, in a first stage of operation of a news information credit integration system, obtaining a corresponding credit integration value by a node in a block chain network according to identity information and completed work of the node;
and C2, in the second and third stages of the operation of the news information credit score system, dynamically acquiring credit scores by nodes in the block chain network according to the work of the nodes in block packaging and block chain connection.
The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further scheme is that,
(1) The invention ensures the safety of the block chain network by adopting admission management in the initial stage of system operation. At the initial building stage of the block chain network, the number of nodes in the network is small, and at the moment, the consensus process can be effectively completed only by ensuring that all the nodes in the network are honest nodes. The system can effectively avoid the occurrence of malicious nodes by auditing the nodes to be added into the network, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the block chain network and laying a foundation for the further expansion of the block chain network.
(2) The invention provides a multi-stage mixed consensus mechanism, which can effectively exert the advantages of various consensus algorithms and solve the problem that the application scene of a single consensus algorithm is limited. At the initial stage of system operation, because the number of nodes in the network is less, the safety of the system and the efficiency of the block packing can be ensured by adopting a PoA consensus algorithm; in the middle period of system operation, although the number of nodes in the network is gradually increased, the system security cannot be guaranteed, at the moment, the non-authoritative nodes can also have the right of packing blocks by adopting a PoA + PoC mixed consensus method, so that corresponding block-out rewards are obtained, meanwhile, the calculation pressure of the authoritative nodes can be relieved, and more energy is used for maintaining the system security; in the stable period of system operation, the number of nodes in the network is enough and tends to be stable, the security of the system is ensured sufficiently at the moment, and the efficiency of system packing blocks can be greatly improved by adopting the PoC + BFT mixed consensus method.
(3) The invention provides a method for calculating credit integral values in stages, wherein each stage adopts different calculation methods and reward coefficients, so that most nodes in a network can obtain rewards of block uplink, the enthusiasm of each node participating in network operation is improved, and the safety and the activity of the network operation are greatly improved.
Further, the mode for the node management module in A1 to perform user authentication and admission includes:
a101, a news information credit score system collects official authentication information of a media agency and a common user intending to join a block chain network, and carries out validity verification on the official authentication information;
a102, verifying the submitted identity certification information and the relevant working qualification permission certification for the media institution and the individual user which are planned to be the authoritative nodes in the PoA consensus algorithm, if the identity certification information and the relevant working qualification permission certification are legal, entering the step A201, and if the identity certification information and the relevant working qualification permission certification are not legal, refusing the user to join the network;
a103, verifying whether the identity certificate submitted by the ordinary user who joins the network contains a guarantee certificate signed by more than 50% of authority nodes or not, if so, entering the step A201, and if not, refusing the user to join the network.
The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further scheme is that,
the invention provides an audit rule for block chain network node admission. When a block chain network is established by using a PoA consensus algorithm, the security of the network is determined by an authoritative node, so that the authoritative node needs to be strictly examined, and since a common user node does not participate in the uplink process of the block, the influence on the security of the network is small, but since the initial scale of the network is small, the common user node still needs to be examined to ensure that the network can safely operate. The examination mode of the authoritative node adopted by the invention can effectively ensure that media institutions and personal nodes do not have harm, and the examination mode of the common user node can realize the verification of the user identity under the condition of protecting the privacy of the user, thereby ensuring the safety and the stability of the operation of the block chain network.
Further, the mode of the node management module executing node creation and data synchronization is as follows:
a201, creating a node for a user, adding the node into a network, and setting an identity identifier for the node according to a user identity authentication result;
and A202, connecting the newly added node to the network by inquiring the IP address of the network node prestored in the system, synchronizing the data of the block chain, if the node is successfully connected to the block chain network, entering the step A301, otherwise, deleting the node and ending the process.
The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further scheme is that,
the invention provides a method for creating a network node and discovering a node. The system automatically creates a network node for the user according to the information that the user passes the verification and automatically completes the tasks of node discovery and data synchronization. The design simplifies the operation steps of the user, so that the user can pay attention to the core functions of the system.
Further, the node type division executed by the node management module is as follows:
a301, in a first stage of operation of a news information credit score system, nodes in a network are divided into authoritative nodes and common nodes according to identity identifiers;
and A302, in the second phase of the operation of the news information credit score system, the nodes in the network are divided into authoritative nodes, block-out nodes and common nodes according to the identity identifiers and the credit score values.
The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further scheme is that,
the invention provides a network node type division rule, which divides nodes in a network into different roles according to different operation stages of the system, so that most of the nodes can participate in the uplink process of a block, on one hand, the activity of the network is increased, the safety of the network is ensured, and on the other hand, the credit integral value of the nodes is increased, so that the nodes can obtain more services provided by the system.
Further, the process of performing the PoA consensus algorithm with the admission mechanism to complete the packing and uplink of the information blocks by the consensus management module in the first stage is as follows:
b101, selecting a leader node from the authority node set by using a VRF function in each round, and sending a successfully selected VRF hash value and a VRF certificate to other authority nodes;
b102, the other nodes verify the received hash value and corresponding proofs, and the node is admitted as the leader node of the current round after the verification is passed;
b103, the leader node selects news information to be examined in the network to form a new block, then signs the block data and the block hash, and broadcasts the block in the authority node set;
b104, the other authoritative nodes perform news information authenticity verification on the blocks broadcasted by the leader in the current round, the hash value of the block is signed after the verification is passed, and then signature information is sent back to the current leader node;
b105, leader node receiving the excess
Submitting the block to the chain when the signature of the verifier is valid, and broadcasting a new block to the whole block chain network;
b106, judging whether the number of nodes in the network and the total credit integral value trigger the second-stage switching threshold value N of the system 1 And S 1 If yes, executing the switching operation of the consensus mechanism, and then entering step B201, otherwise, repeatedly executing step B1.
The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further scheme is that,
the invention provides a PoA consensus algorithm based on a VRF function, which can effectively prevent a leader node from suffering from denial of service attack. The traditional PoA algorithm sequentially selects a leader according to the sequence of each node in the set, so that other nodes can know the leader node of the next round in advance, and further a denial of service attack is launched to the leader node, and the block chain network is broken down. The VRF function adopted by the invention can generate a verifiable random number in each round, and then the node with the sequence number of the random number is selected as the leader node of the round in the round to execute the consensus process, so that the denial of service attack can be effectively resisted, and the possibility of network failure is reduced.
Further, the process of performing the hybrid consensus algorithm with voting mechanism PoA + PoC to complete the information block packing and uplink in the second phase by the consensus management module is as follows:
b201, voting for the node with block qualification by the common node, and then calculating the obtained votes and credit integral values of the nodes according to different addition proportions to obtain voting integral values of the nodes;
b202, selecting a leader node according to the voting integral owned by each node, and sending a successfully selected VRF hash value and a VRF certificate to the other block nodes;
b203, the rest nodes verify the received hash value and the corresponding certificate, and the node is admitted as the leader node in the current round after the verification is passed;
b204, the leader node selects news information to be examined in the network to form a new block, then signs the block data and the block hash, and broadcasts the block and the signature to ownership nodes in the network;
b205, the ownership node verifies the authenticity of the news information of the block, and generates an aggregation signature to be sent to the leader node after the verification is passed;
b206, after receiving the aggregated signature, the leader node uplinks the block generated in the current round, combines the signature and the block at the same time, and broadcasts the message in a block chain network;
b207, judging whether the number of nodes in the network and the total credit integral value trigger the third-stage switching threshold N of the system 2 And S 2 If yes, executing the switching operation of the consensus mechanism, and then entering the step B301, otherwise, repeatedly executing the step B2.
The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further scheme is that,
the invention provides a PoA + PoC mixed consensus algorithm with a voting mechanism, which can realize more balanced excitation under the condition of ensuring the safety of a block chain network, thereby improving the participation degree of each node in the network. In the PoA consensus algorithm, transactions in the network are all processed by authoritative nodes, and the ordinary nodes only synchronize block information, so that the aggressiveness of the ordinary nodes participating in network operation is poor. When the number of nodes in the network increases, the security of the network is affected, and meanwhile, the computing pressure of the authoritative nodes is increased. The hybrid consensus algorithm designed by the invention decouples the block packaging and chain-loading process, hands the block packaging operation to the node obtained by the PoC consensus algorithm for processing, and hands the block verification operation to the authoritative node for processing, so that more nodes can obtain the reward of block chain-loading, meanwhile, the calculation pressure of the authoritative node can be reduced, and the network security is increased.
Further, the process of performing the PoC + BFT hybrid consensus algorithm to complete the block packing and uplink by the formula management module at the third stage is:
b301, randomly selecting a plurality of nodes with credit integral values higher than a set threshold value from the system to form a random number generation node set, and then generating N random numbers by using a random beacon generation protocol based on verifiable secret sharing;
b302, distributing N random numbers to N nodes in a network, dividing the N nodes into m partitions, and acquiring the partition where the node is located by each node in a N mod m mode;
b303, calculating a leader node of each round by using a VRF function through a node set in each partition, and sending a VRF hash value and a VRF certificate to the other nodes by the elected leader node;
b304, the received hash value and corresponding certification are verified by the other nodes, and the node is admitted as the leader node in the current round after the verification is passed;
b305, the leader node selects news information in the partitions to package blocks, and then broadcasts the blocks in the partition node set;
b306, the nodes in the subareas respectively verify the authenticity of the news information in the subareas, and then the common identification of the blocks is completed by using a PBFT algorithm;
b307, the leader node commits the block to the chain upon receiving a valid signature for more than two-thirds of the nodes in the partition.
The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further scheme is that,
the invention provides a mixed consensus algorithm of PoC + BFT, which can effectively improve the throughput of a large-scale block chain network. Aiming at the problem that the conventional BFT algorithm is difficult to apply to a large-scale block chain network due to too high communication complexity, the large-scale block chain network is divided into different network partitions, a partition number is allocated to each node by using a random beacon protocol based on verifiable secret sharing, each node only needs to be in consensus with the rest of nodes in the partition, and does not need to communicate with all the nodes in the network, so that the communication pressure of the block chain network is relieved, and the BFT algorithm can be successfully applied to the large-scale block chain network.
Further, the credit integration calculation module calculates the credit integration value in the first stage by:
c101, generating a new information block by the authoritative node, broadcasting the new block to the whole network, and increasing the credit value C of each node in the authoritative node set after the process is finished 1 ；
C102, synchronizing new blocks generated by the authority nodes by the common nodes, and then sending Merkle tree root values of the hash values of the 10 blocks and corresponding Merkle proofs to any authority node every time 10 blocks are received;
c103, adding a credit value 10 × C to the node after the authority node passes verification 2 And simultaneously broadcasting the ledger to the set of authoritative nodes.
The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further scheme is that,
the invention provides an excitation mechanism based on a PoA consensus algorithm. The ordinary nodes in the network can obtain rewards through the block information packaged by the synchronous authoritative nodes, so that more network nodes can be attracted to be added into the operation of the network, the activity of the system is improved, the phenomenon that the ordinary nodes in the network are off-line for a long time due to the fact that the ordinary nodes cannot obtain benefits is avoided, and meanwhile, a good safety foundation is laid for further expansion of the network scale.
Further, the credit point calculation module calculates the credit points in the second and third stages in a manner that:
c201, judging whether the newly generated block is a legal block according to the longest chain rule, if so, entering a step 202, otherwise, entering a step 204;
c202, the block chain network calculates the credit value generated by each legal information block according to the following formula:
wherein alpha is i The bonus factor for each of the stages is represented,B tn representing the number of transactions a single block contains, B ti Representing the inter-block time of two consecutive blocks, B ta Indicating the average inter-block time.
C203, calculating the credit integration value obtained by the node according to the contribution of the node in generating the block according to the following formula:
wherein N is l ，N v ，N o Respectively representing a leader node, a verification node and a normal node, b i And d i Representing the bonus factor for the leader node and the verification node, respectively, c j The credit score value of each node participating in the consensus process is shown.
C204, aiming at invalid blocks generated by malicious nodes, the block chain network performs credit penalty on the nodes participating in block packaging based on the following formula:
wherein FN indicates the number of invalid blocks cumulatively generated by the node.
The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further scheme is that,
the invention provides a balanced incentive mechanism based on a hybrid consensus algorithm. The mechanism calculates credit integral values generated by each legal block according to a formula, distributes the credit integral values to each node of the network according to the node role, and punishs the nodes which generate invalid blocks. The enthusiasm of each node in the network can be fully adjusted through the reward and punishment mechanism, so that the nodes in the network are difficult to dislike, and the stable operation of the network is maintained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a news information credit score system based on a multi-stage consensus mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the news information credit score system method based on the multi-stage consensus mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a node management activity diagram in the present embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the consensus activity of the user in this embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the PoA consensus algorithm in the present embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of the PoA + PoC hybrid consensus algorithm in this embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a flow chart of the PoC + BFT hybrid consensus algorithm in the present embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a news information credit score system based on a block chain, which comprises a node management module, a consensus management module and a credit score module; the node management module is used for carrying out access management, initialization setting and authority management on a user to be added into the news information credit score system; the consensus management module is used for switching different consensus mechanisms and providing consensus algorithms for realizing block uplink according to the system running state and the network node scale, wherein the consensus algorithms comprise a PoA algorithm, a PoC algorithm and a BFT algorithm; and the credit point calculation module is used for calculating the credit value of all nodes in the system according to the work of all nodes in the system during uplink on the block.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the invention also provides a news information credit scoring method based on a block chain, which comprises a node management stage, a hierarchy division stage and a consensus process stage;
the node management phase comprises the following steps:
a1, identity authentication and admission management are carried out on a user to be added into a network at the initial operation stage of a system, and the user is allowed to be added into the network after the authentication is passed, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
a101, a news information credit score system collects official authentication information of a media agency and a common user intending to join a block chain network, and carries out validity verification on the official authentication information;
a102, verifying the submitted identity certification information and the relevant working qualification permission certification for the media institution and the individual user which are planned to be the authoritative nodes in the PoA consensus algorithm, if the identity certification information and the relevant working qualification permission certification are legal, entering the step A201, and if the identity certification information and the relevant working qualification permission certification are not legal, refusing the user to join the network;
a103, verifying whether an identity certificate submitted by a common user who joins the network contains a guarantee certificate signed by more than 50% of authority nodes or not, if so, entering the step A201, and if not, refusing the user to join the network;
a2, node creation and data synchronization operation are carried out on users allowed to join the network, and the specific steps are as follows:
a201, creating a node for a user and joining the node into a network, and simultaneously setting an identity identifier for the node according to the user identity authentication result
A202, a newly added node is connected to a network through a network node IP address prestored in a query system, block chain data synchronization is carried out, if the node is successfully connected to the block chain network, the step A301 is carried out, otherwise, the node is deleted, and the process is ended;
a3, performing authority division on the created nodes according to the node identity identifiers and credit integral values of the created nodes, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
a301, in a first stage of operation of a news information credit score system, nodes in a network are divided into authoritative nodes and common nodes according to identity identifiers;
a302, in the second phase of the system operation, the nodes in the network are divided into authoritative nodes, out-block nodes and ordinary nodes according to the identity identifiers and credit integral values
The consensus phase comprises the following steps:
b1, in the first stage of the operation of the credit score system for news information, the blockchain network adopts a PoA consensus algorithm with an admission mechanism to complete the packing and chaining processes of the information blocks, as shown in fig. 5, the implementation method is as follows:
b101, performing leader node selection in the authority node set by using a VRF function in each round, and sending the successfully selected VRF hash value and the VRF certificate to other authority nodes, wherein the VRF function formula is as follows:
＜hash，π＞＝VRF sk (seed||role)
in the example, the xor of the hash value generated by the previous round of the VRF function and the hash value of the generated block is used as the public random number of the current round, and the role represents the identity information of the node.
After receiving the VRF function output result of the node, the other nodes can use the following formula for verification, and the node can become the leader node of the current round after the verification is passed;
VerifyVRF pk (hash，π，seed||role)
where pk denotes the public key of the node that generated the result of the VRF function.
B102, the other nodes verify the received hash value and corresponding proofs, and the node is admitted as the leader node of the current round after the verification is passed;
b103, the leader node selects news information to be examined in the network to form a new block, then the block data and the block hash are signed, and meanwhile the block is broadcasted in the authority node set;
b104, the other authoritative nodes perform news information authenticity verification on the blocks broadcasted by the leader in the current round, the hash value of the block is signed after the verification is passed, and then signature information is sent back to the current leader node;
b105, leader node receiving the excess
Submitting the block to the chain when the signature of the verifier is valid, and broadcasting a new block to the whole block chain network;
b106, judging whether the number of nodes in the network and the total credit integral value trigger the second-stage switching threshold N of the system 1 And S 1 If yes, executing the switching operation of the consensus mechanism, and then entering step B201, otherwise, repeatedly executing step B1.
B2, in the second phase of the system operation, the block chain network adopts a hybrid consensus algorithm with voting mechanism PoA + PoC to complete the packing and uplink process of the information blocks, as shown in fig. 6, the implementation method is as follows:
b201, voting for the node with block qualification by the common node, and then calculating the voting number and the credit integral value of the node according to different addition proportions to obtain the voting integral of the node, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
Score＝α*Votes+β*C cur
b202, selecting leader nodes according to voting integrals owned by each node, and sending successfully selected VRF hash values and VRF certificates to other block nodes;
b203, the rest nodes verify the received hash value and the corresponding certificate, and the node is admitted as the leader node in the current round after the verification is passed;
b204, the leader node selects news information to be examined in the network to form a new block, then signs the block data and the block hash, and broadcasts the block and the signature to ownership nodes in the network;
b205, the ownership node verifies the authenticity of the news information of the block, and generates an aggregation signature to be sent to the leader node after the verification is passed;
b206, after receiving the aggregated signature, the leader node uplinks the block generated in the current round, combines the signature and the block at the same time, and broadcasts the message in a block chain network;
b207, judging whether the number of nodes in the network and the total credit integral value trigger the third-stage switching threshold N of the system 2 And S 2 If yes, executing a consensus mechanism switching operation, and then entering the step B301, otherwise, repeatedly executing the step B2;
b3, in the third stage of system operation, the block chain network adopts the PoC + BFT hybrid consensus algorithm to complete the information packing and uplink process of the blocks, as shown in fig. 7, the implementation method is as follows:
b301, randomly selecting a plurality of nodes with credit integration values higher than a set threshold value from the system to form a random number generation node set, and then generating N random numbers by using a random beacon generation protocol based on verifiable secret sharing. The process of generating the random number is specifically as follows:
firstly, each node in the set locally generates a random number, and simultaneously randomly selects n different nonzero elements { x } 1 ，x 2 ，...，x n The random number generated by the node is used as a secret value and is divided into n nodes to be stored
Wherein s is r Representing shares of secret values held by a single node, a i Is an arbitrary number in the finite field GF (p), and p is a large prime number.
Then, the nodes in the set randomly select a node random number as the random number of the current round each time, and if the selected node is disconnected or the random number generated by the selected node is not intentionally published, the rest t nodes are recovered by using the following formula:
wherein s is the generated random number of the node selected in the current round.
Finally, after a round of random number providing service is successfully completed by a single node, a new random number is generated again, and then the random number is used as a secret value to be sent to the other nodes in the set again for storage.
B302, distributing the N random numbers to N nodes in the network, dividing the N nodes into m partitions, and acquiring the partition where the node is located by each node in an N mod m mode;
b303, calculating a leader node of each round by using a VRF function through a node set in each partition, and sending a VRF hash value and a VRF certificate to the other nodes by the elected leader node;
b304, the received hash value and corresponding certification are verified by the other nodes, and the node is admitted as the leader node in the current round after the verification is passed;
b305, the leader node selects news information in the partitions to package blocks, and then broadcasts the blocks in the partition node set;
b306, the nodes in the subareas respectively verify the authenticity of the news information in the subareas, and then the common identification of the blocks is completed by using a PBFT algorithm; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the process of consensus on the blocks is as follows:
firstly, each node in the partition receives a pre-prefix message sent by a leader node, checks the validity of the message, enters a preparation stage, and simultaneously broadcasts the corresponding prefix message to other nodes in the partition;
then, each node in the partition collects the prefix message, checks the validity of the message, and when the collected valid prefix message is greater than or equal to 2f +1 (including the node itself, where f represents the number of tolerable malicious nodes in the network), the block enters a commit stage;
finally, carrying out validity verification on blocks generated by the nodes in the partition in the current round, sending commit messages to other nodes if the verification is passed, meanwhile, waiting for the commit messages sent by other nodes, if the received valid commit messages are larger than or equal to 2f +1, completing the PBFT consensus, and updating the local state of the nodes and entering the next round;
b307, the leader node submits the block to the chain when receiving the effective signature of more than two thirds of the nodes in the partition;
the credit point calculation phase comprises the following steps:
c1, in the first stage of system operation, the nodes in the block chain network are divided into authoritative nodes and ordinary nodes, the authoritative nodes can obtain the credit C1 when submitting an information block, and the ordinary nodes can obtain the credit C2 when synchronizing a block, and the implementation method is as follows:
c101, generating a new information block by the authoritative node, broadcasting the new block to the whole network, and increasing the credit value C of each node in the authoritative node set after the process is finished 1
C102, synchronizing new blocks generated by the authority nodes by the common nodes, and then sending Merkle tree root values of the hash values of the 10 blocks and corresponding Merkle proofs to any authority node every time 10 blocks are received;
c103, adding a credit value 10 × C to the node after the authority node passes verification 2 Simultaneously broadcasting the account book to a set of authoritative nodes;
c2, in the second and third phases of the news information credit score system, the nodes in the block chain network dynamically obtain credit scores according to the contributions they make during block packing and block chaining, and the realization method is as follows:
c201, judging whether the newly generated block is a legal block according to the longest chain rule, if so, entering a step 202, otherwise, entering a step 204;
c202, the block chain network calculates the credit value generated by each legal information block according to the following formula:
wherein alpha is i Representing the reward factor for each stage, B tn Representing the number of transactions a single block contains, B ti Representing the inter block-out time, bt, of two successive blocks a Indicating the average inter-block time.
C203, calculating the credit integration value obtained by the node according to the contribution of the node in generating the block according to the following formula:
wherein, N l ，N v ，N o Respectively representing a leader node, a verification node and a general node, b i And d i Representing the bonus factor for the leader node and the verification node, respectively, c j The credit score value of each node participating in the consensus process is shown.
C204, aiming at invalid blocks generated by malicious nodes, the block chain network carries out credit penalty on nodes participating in block packing based on the following formula:
wherein FN indicates the number of invalid blocks cumulatively generated by the node.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a node management phase, a consensus management phase and a credit point calculation phase are included. The user firstly obtains the information of the system operation stage, then completes the establishment of the node in the network and the setting of the node authority according to the system requirement, after the node establishment is completed and the node is successfully connected to the network, the user obtains the common recognition mechanism operated in the stage and participates in the block packaging and uplink process, and after the uplink process of one block is successfully completed, the user obtains the corresponding credit point according to the system reward mechanism.
In this embodiment, the user wants to join the system, and the specific process is shown in fig. 3. Firstly, a user needs to enter a system for account registration, at the moment, the system can judge whether a newly added node needs to provide identity information according to the running state of the current blockchain network, if so, the identity certification requirement needed to be provided by the user is displayed in a front-end interface, otherwise, a network node is directly established for the user, and the processes of node connection and network data synchronization are carried out. After the user successfully creates the node and joins the network, the system sets the node authority according to whether the user provides the identity certificate and the authenticated identity thereof, so that the creation and management of the network node are completed, and the user can use the node to participate in the consensus process of the blocks.
In this embodiment, the specific process of the user wanting to perform the block consensus operation is shown in fig. 4. The user first needs to know the consensus mechanism that the system is currently operating, and then synchronizes the data of the currently generated blocks in the network. And then, the user can join in a new round of block consensus process to judge that the user can become a leader node of the new round, if so, the user sends related verification information to other nodes and constructs a new block, otherwise, the user verifies whether the leader node generated in the round is legal or not, and then verifies the new block generated by the leader node. And when the block generated in the round passes the verification of most nodes, each node in the system judges whether the current network scale and the total credit integral value trigger a consensus mechanism switching threshold, if so, executing the consensus mechanism switching operation, and otherwise, ending the consensus process.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The invention has been described only about the usage of the block chain technology in the news information credit scoring system, but it should be noted that the multi-stage consensus algorithm designed by the invention is not limited to the news information credit scoring system, and can be applied to information systems related to finance, government affairs and identity authentication as a general consensus mechanism, the authoritative nodes can be replaced by corresponding financial institutions or government departments from media institutions, the news stored in the blocks can be replaced by consumption information or behavior information of users, and then a complete block chain system is constructed by the consensus mechanism and the credit scoring calculation method designed by the invention.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific embodiments in the invention, and the description of the embodiments is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A news information credit score system based on a block chain is characterized by comprising a node management module, a consensus management module and a credit score calculation module;
the node management module is used for executing node management, and performing access management, initialization setting and authority management on a user to be added into the news information credit score system;
the consensus management module is used for executing consensus establishment, switching different consensus mechanisms according to the system running state and the network scale and providing consensus algorithms for realizing information block uplink, wherein the consensus algorithms comprise a PoA algorithm, a PoC algorithm and a BFT algorithm, and the consensus management module adopts the following mode to execute the consensus establishment:
b1, in the first stage of the operation of the credit integration system of the news information, the block chain network adopts a PoA consensus algorithm with an admission mechanism to complete the packaging and chaining process of the information blocks, and when the number of nodes in the network and the total credit integration value reachN 1 AndS 1 in the meantime, the news credit score system performs a consensus mechanism switching operation, and then enters step B2, specifically, the process of performing the PoA consensus algorithm with an admission mechanism to complete the packing and uplink of the information blocks in the first stage is as follows:
b101, selecting a leader node from the authority node set by using a VRF function in each round, and sending a successfully selected VRF hash value and a VRF certificate to other authority nodes;
b102, the other nodes verify the received hash value and corresponding proofs, and the node is admitted as the leader node of the current round after the verification is passed;
b103, the leader node selects news information to be examined in the network to form a new block, then signs the block data and the block hash, and broadcasts the block in the authority node set;
b104, the other authoritative nodes verify the authenticity of the news information of the block broadcasted by the leader in the current round, sign the hash value of the block after the verification is passed, and then send the signature information back to the current leader node;
b105, leader node receiving the excess
Submitting the block to a chain when the signature of the verifier is valid, and broadcasting a new block to the whole block chain network, wherein M is the number of authoritative nodes;
b106, judging whether the number of nodes in the network and the total credit integral value trigger the second-stage switching threshold of the systemN 1 AndS 1 if yes, executing a consensus mechanism switching operation, and then entering the step B201, otherwise, repeatedly executing the step B1;
b2, in the second stage of the operation of the credit score system of the news information, the block chain network adopts a hybrid consensus algorithm with a voting mechanism PoA + PoC to complete the packaging and chain process of the information blocks, and when the number of nodes in the network reaches the valueN 2 And the sum of credit integration value reachesS 2 Then, the system performs the handover operation of the consensus mechanism, and then proceeds to step B3, specifically, the process of performing the hybrid consensus algorithm with voting mechanism PoA + PoC to complete the packing and uplink of the information blocks in the second phase is as follows:
b201, voting for the node with block qualification by the common node, and then calculating the obtained votes and credit integral values of the nodes according to different addition proportions to obtain voting integral values of the nodes;
b202, selecting leader nodes according to voting integrals owned by each node, and sending successfully selected VRF hash values and VRF certificates to other block nodes;
b203, the other nodes verify the received hash values and corresponding proofs, and the node is admitted as the leader node in the current round after the verification is passed;
b204, the leader node selects news information to be examined in the network to form a new block, then signs the block data and the block hash, and broadcasts the block and the signature to ownership nodes in the network;
b205, the ownership node verifies the authenticity of the news information of the block, and generates an aggregation signature to be sent to the leader node after the verification is passed;
b206, after receiving the aggregated signature, the leader node uplinks the block generated in the current round, combines the signature and the block at the same time, and broadcasts the message in a block chain network;
b207, judging whether the number of nodes in the network and the total credit integral value trigger the third-stage switching threshold of the systemN 2 AndS 2 if yes, executing a consensus mechanism switching operation, and then entering the step B301, otherwise, repeatedly executing the step B2;
b3, in the third phase of the operation of the credit score system for news information, the blockchain network adopts the PoC + BFT hybrid consensus algorithm to complete the process of packing and chaining the information blocks, specifically, the process of performing the PoC + BFT hybrid consensus algorithm to complete the packing and chaining of the information blocks in the third phase is as follows:
b301, randomly selecting a plurality of nodes with credit integral values higher than a set threshold value from the system to form a random number generation node set, and then generating N random numbers by using a random beacon generation protocol based on verifiable secret sharing;
b302, distributing N random numbers to N nodes in the network, then dividing the N nodes into m partitions, and enabling each node to pass throughn mod mObtaining the partition where the node is located;
b303, calculating a leader node of each round by using a VRF function through a node set in each partition, and sending a VRF hash value and a VRF certificate to the other nodes by the elected leader node;
b304, the received hash value and corresponding certification are verified by the other nodes, and the node is admitted as the leader node in the current round after the verification is passed;
b305, the leader node selects news information in the partitions to package blocks, and then broadcasts the blocks in the partition node set;
b306, the nodes in the subareas respectively verify the authenticity of the news information in the subareas, and then the common identification of the blocks is completed by using a PBFT algorithm;
b307, the leader node submits the block onto the chain upon receiving a valid signature for more than two thirds of the nodes in the partition;
the credit point calculation module is used for executing credit point calculation and calculating the credit value of all nodes in the system according to the work of the nodes on the uplink in the block.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the node management module performs admission management, initialization setting, and authority management on the user to be added to the system by:
a1, a news information credit score system performs identity verification and access management on a user to be added into a network at the initial operation stage of the system, and the user is allowed to be added into the network after the verification is passed;
a2, establishing nodes for users allowed to join the network and carrying out data synchronization;
a3, performing authority division on the created nodes according to the node identity identifiers and credit integral values of the created nodes;
the credit point calculation module performs credit point calculation in the following manner:
c1, in a first stage of operation of a news information credit integration system, obtaining a corresponding credit integration value by a node in a block chain network according to identity information and completed work of the node;
and C2, in the second and third stages of the operation of the news information credit score system, dynamically acquiring credit scores by nodes in the block chain network according to the work of the nodes in block packaging and block chain connection.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the node management module in A1 performs user authentication and admission in a manner that:
a101, a news information credit score system collects official authentication information of a media agency and a common user intending to join a block chain network, and carries out validity verification on the official authentication information;
a102, verifying the submitted identity certification information and the relevant working qualification permission certification for the media institution and the individual user which are planned to be the authoritative nodes in the PoA consensus algorithm, if the identity certification information and the relevant working qualification permission certification are legal, entering the step A2, and if the identity certification information and the relevant working qualification permission certification are not legal, refusing the user to join the network;
and A103, verifying whether the identity certificate submitted by the ordinary user who joins the network contains a guarantee certificate signed by more than 50% of authority nodes or not, if so, entering the step A2, and otherwise, refusing the user to join the network.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the node creation and data synchronization executed by the node management module in the A2 is performed by:
a201, creating a node for a media organization or a common user passing verification, adding the node into a network, and setting an identity identifier for the node according to an identity verification result;
and A202, connecting the newly added node to the network by inquiring a network node IP address prestored in the system, synchronizing the block chain data, entering the step A3 if the node is successfully connected to the block chain network, and otherwise, deleting the node and ending the process.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the node management module in the A3 performs authority division on the created nodes according to the node identity identifiers and the credit integral values thereof in a manner that:
a301, in a first stage of operation of a news information credit score system, nodes in a network are divided into authoritative nodes and common nodes according to identity identifiers;
and A302, in the second phase of the operation of the news information credit score system, the nodes in the network are divided into authoritative nodes, block-out nodes and common nodes according to the identity identifiers and the credit score values.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the credit calculation module calculates the credit score value in the first stage by:
c101, generating a new information block by the authority node, broadcasting the new block to the whole network, and increasing the credit value by 10 per node in the authority node set after the process is completedc 1 Wherein, in the step (A),c 1 submitting credit values which can be obtained by each information block for the authoritative nodes;
c102, synchronizing new blocks generated by the authority nodes by the common nodes, and then sending Merkle tree root values of the hash values of the 10 blocks and corresponding Merkle proofs to any authority node every time 10 blocks are received;
c103, adding a credit value of 10 to the node after the authority node passes verificationc 2 And simultaneously broadcasting the ledger to a set of authoritative nodes, wherein, c 2 the credit available for an ordinary node for each synchronized information block.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the credit calculation module calculates the credit in the second and third stages by:
c201, judging whether the newly generated block is a legal block according to the longest chain rule, if so, entering a step C202, otherwise, entering a step C204;
c202, the block chain network calculates the credit value generated by each legal information block according to the following formula:
wherein alpha is i A bonus factor is represented for each of the stages,B tn indicating the number of transactions a single block contains,B ti indicating the inter-block time between two consecutive blocks,B ta the mean out-of-block interval time is indicated,C blk credit values generated for legitimate blocks of information;
c203, calculating the credit integration value obtained by the node according to the contribution of the node in generating the block according to the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,N l ,N v ,N o respectively representing a leader node, a verification node and a common node,b i andd i respectively representing bonus coefficients for the leader node and the verifying node,c j the credit integral value of each node participating in the consensus process is shown,
the credit integration value obtained for the leader node,
to verify the credit integration value obtained by the node,
credit integration values obtained for the regular nodes;
c204, aiming at invalid blocks generated by malicious nodes, the block chain network performs credit penalty on the nodes participating in block packaging based on the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,FNindicating the number of invalid blocks generated by the node accumulation.
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