CN114125469B - MP4 file repairing method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

MP4 file repairing method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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CN114125469B
CN114125469B CN202111311870.7A CN202111311870A CN114125469B CN 114125469 B CN114125469 B CN 114125469B CN 202111311870 A CN202111311870 A CN 202111311870A CN 114125469 B CN114125469 B CN 114125469B
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file
data corresponding
coding
audio
frame
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CN114125469A (en
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秦碧波
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Beijing Skyvis Technologies Co ltd
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Beijing Skyvis Technologies Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/65Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using error resilience
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/439Processing of audio elementary streams
    • H04N21/4394Processing of audio elementary streams involving operations for analysing the audio stream, e.g. detecting features or characteristics in audio streams
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs
    • H04N21/44008Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs involving operations for analysing video streams, e.g. detecting features or characteristics in the video stream
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/85Assembly of content; Generation of multimedia applications
    • H04N21/854Content authoring
    • H04N21/85406Content authoring involving a specific file format, e.g. MP4 format
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76Television signal recording
    • H04N5/91Television signal processing therefor
    • H04N5/93Regeneration of the television signal or of selected parts thereof

Abstract

The application provides an MP4 file repairing method, an MP4 file repairing device, an electronic device and a storage medium. The MP4 file repairing method comprises the following steps: analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first encoded data, wherein the first encoded data comprises encoded data corresponding to a first video frame and encoded data corresponding to a first audio frame; the standard MP4 file is a file generated by using the same encoding mode as that of the MP4 file to be repaired; according to the first coded data, respectively determining the coding characteristics of a first video frame and the coding characteristics of a first audio frame; respectively determining coded data corresponding to all second video frames and coded data corresponding to all second audio frames from the MP4 file to be repaired according to the coding characteristics of the first video frames and the coding characteristics of the first audio frames; and generating a repaired MP4 file according to the determined encoded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the determined encoded data corresponding to all the second audio frames.

Description

MP4 file repair method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of data processing technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for repairing an MP4 file, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
MP4 is a set of compression coding standards for audio and video information. Due to its efficiency and flexibility, MP4 is becoming the preferred packaging format for various businesses storing video.
The MP4 file recording process may be interrupted due to a system crash, sudden power loss, etc. Once the recording is interrupted, the MP4 file that is not recorded cannot be played normally. Therefore, the unrecorded MP4 file needs to be repaired, or else only re-recorded.
The MP4 file damaged by interrupted recording is repaired by the conventional MP4 file repairing method, so that an ideal repairing effect cannot be achieved, and the repairing efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method and a device for repairing an MP4 file, an electronic device and a storage medium, and provides a method for repairing a damaged MP4 file generated by interrupted recording, so that the file repairing efficiency is improved.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for repairing an MP4 file, including:
analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first encoded data, wherein the first encoded data comprises encoded data corresponding to a first video frame and encoded data corresponding to a first audio frame; the standard MP4 file is a file generated by using the same encoding mode as that of the MP4 file to be repaired;
according to the first coded data, respectively determining the coding characteristics of a first video frame and the coding characteristics of a first audio frame;
according to the coding features of the first video frame and the coding features of the first audio frame, respectively determining coding data corresponding to all second video frames and coding data corresponding to all second audio frames from the MP4 file to be repaired;
and generating a repaired MP4 file according to the determined coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the determined coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames.
Optionally, parsing the standard MP4 file to obtain first encoded data includes:
analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first coded data and index information; the index information is used for indicating the starting address of each frame of data in the standard MP4 file;
the determining the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame according to the first coding data respectively comprises:
and respectively determining the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame according to the first coding data and the index information.
Optionally, the determining, according to the first encoded data and the index information, the encoding characteristic of the first video frame and the encoding characteristic of the first audio frame respectively includes:
according to the index information, determining coded data corresponding to a first video frame and coded data corresponding to a first audio frame from the first coded data;
for the coded data corresponding to each first video frame, extracting data of a preset position of the coded data corresponding to the first video frame as a feature tag of the first video frame;
for the coded data corresponding to each first audio frame, extracting data of a preset position of the coded data corresponding to the first audio frame as a feature tag of the first audio frame;
determining the coding characteristics of each first video frame according to the characteristic label of the first video frame;
according to the feature tag of each first audio frame, determining the coding features of the first audio frame.
Optionally, the determining, according to the coding feature of the first video frame and the coding feature of the first audio frame, coding data corresponding to all second video frames and coding data corresponding to all second audio frames from the MP4 file to be repaired respectively includes:
analyzing the MP4 file to be repaired to obtain second coded data;
and traversing the second coded data, determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first video frame as the coded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first audio frame as the coded data corresponding to the second audio frame.
Optionally, traversing the second encoded data, determining the encoded data that conforms to the encoding characteristic of the first video frame as the encoded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determining the encoded data that conforms to the encoding characteristic of the first audio frame as the encoded data corresponding to the second audio frame, includes:
traversing the second coded data, determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first video frame as candidate video coded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first audio frame as candidate audio coded data corresponding to the second audio frame;
respectively determining a first length range of coded data corresponding to a second video frame and a second length range of coded data corresponding to a second audio frame according to the length of each candidate video coded data and the length of each candidate audio coded data;
and respectively adjusting the candidate video coding data with the length not belonging to the first length range and the candidate audio coding data with the length not belonging to the second length range to obtain the coding data corresponding to the second video frame and the coding data corresponding to the second audio frame.
Optionally, parsing the standard MP4 file to obtain first encoded data includes:
analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first coded data and decoding information;
generating a repaired MP4 file according to the determined encoded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the determined encoded data corresponding to all the second audio frames, including:
and generating a repaired MP4 file according to the decoding information, the coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames.
Optionally, the method further includes:
playing the repaired MP4 file;
detecting whether a damaged picture and/or noise is damaged or not in the playing process;
if the damaged picture and/or the noise are detected, locating the position of the damaged picture and/or the noise in the repaired MP4 file;
and adjusting the attribute of the coded data of the video frame and/or the audio frame corresponding to the position of the damaged picture and/or the noise to obtain a new repaired MP4 file.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an MP4 file repairing apparatus, comprising:
the file analysis module is used for analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first encoded data, wherein the first encoded data comprise encoded data corresponding to a first video frame and encoded data corresponding to a first audio frame; the standard MP4 file is generated by using the same encoding mode as that of the MP4 file to be repaired;
the encoding characteristic determining module is used for respectively determining the encoding characteristics of a first video frame and the encoding characteristics of a first audio frame according to the first encoding data;
an encoded data classification module, configured to determine, according to the encoding characteristics of the first video frame and the encoding characteristics of the first audio frame, encoded data corresponding to all second video frames and encoded data corresponding to all second audio frames from the MP4 file to be repaired, respectively;
and the MP4 file synthesizing module is used for generating a repaired MP4 file according to the determined coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the determined coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames.
Optionally, when the file parsing module parses the standard MP4 file to obtain the first encoded data, the file parsing module is specifically configured to:
analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first coded data and index information; the index information is used for indicating the starting address of each frame of data in the standard MP4 file;
the encoding characteristic determining module is specifically configured to:
and respectively determining the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame according to the first coding data and the index information.
Optionally, when the coding feature determining module determines the coding feature of the first video frame and the coding feature of the first audio frame according to the first coding data and the index information, the coding feature determining module is specifically configured to:
according to the index information, determining coded data corresponding to a first video frame and coded data corresponding to a first audio frame from the first coded data;
for the coded data corresponding to each first video frame, extracting data of a preset position of the coded data corresponding to the first video frame as a feature tag of the first video frame;
for the coded data corresponding to each first audio frame, extracting data of a preset position of the coded data corresponding to the first audio frame as a feature tag of the first audio frame;
determining the coding characteristics of each first video frame according to the characteristic label of the first video frame;
according to the feature tag of each first audio frame, determining the coding features of the first audio frame.
Optionally, the encoded data classification module is specifically configured to:
analyzing the MP4 file to be repaired to obtain second coded data;
and traversing the second coded data, determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first video frame as the coded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first audio frame as the coded data corresponding to the second audio frame.
Optionally, when traversing the second encoded data, the encoded data classification module determines the encoded data that conforms to the encoding characteristic of the first video frame as the encoded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determines the encoded data that conforms to the encoding characteristic of the first audio frame as the encoded data corresponding to the second audio frame, the encoded data classification module is specifically configured to:
traversing the second coded data, determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first video frame as candidate video coded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first audio frame as candidate audio coded data corresponding to the second audio frame;
respectively determining a first length range of coded data corresponding to a second video frame and a second length range of coded data corresponding to a second audio frame according to the length of each candidate video coded data and the length of each candidate audio coded data;
and respectively adjusting the candidate video coding data with the length not belonging to the first length range and the candidate audio coding data with the length not belonging to the second length range to obtain the coding data corresponding to the second video frame and the coding data corresponding to the second audio frame.
Optionally, when the file parsing module parses the standard MP4 file to obtain the first encoded data, the file parsing module is specifically configured to:
analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first coded data and decoding information;
the MP4 file synthesizing module is specifically configured to:
and generating a repaired MP4 file according to the decoding information, the coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames.
Optionally, the apparatus further includes an MP4 file adjustment module, configured to:
playing the repaired MP4 file;
detecting whether a damaged picture and/or noise is damaged or not in the playing process;
if the damaged picture and/or the noise are detected, locating the position of the damaged picture and/or the noise in the repaired MP4 file;
and adjusting the attribute of the coded data of the video frame and/or the audio frame corresponding to the position of the damaged picture and/or the noise to obtain a new repaired MP4 file.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory having stored thereon a computer program which is loadable by the processor and adapted to perform the method of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program capable of being loaded by a processor and performing the method of the first aspect.
The application provides an MP4 file repairing method, an MP4 file repairing device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The MP4 file repairing method comprises the following steps: analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first encoded data, wherein the first encoded data comprises encoded data corresponding to a first video frame and encoded data corresponding to a first audio frame; the standard MP4 file is a file generated by using the same encoding mode as that of the MP4 file to be repaired; according to the first coded data, respectively determining the coding characteristics of a first video frame and the coding characteristics of a first audio frame; respectively determining coded data corresponding to all second video frames and coded data corresponding to all second audio frames from the MP4 file to be repaired according to the coding characteristics of the first video frames and the coding characteristics of the first audio frames; and generating a repaired MP4 file according to the determined coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the determined coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames. In the scheme of the application, the encoding characteristics of the video frame and the encoding characteristics of the audio frame of the standard MP4 file generated by the same encoding mode as that of the MP4 file to be repaired are extracted and applied to the MP4 file to be repaired, so that the audio frame and the video frame in the MP4 file to be repaired are distinguished, the most critical step in the MP4 file repairing process is realized, and the repaired MP4 file is generated based on the distinguished audio frame and video frame. The implementation of the method can specifically repair the file damage caused by recording interruption, and improve the efficiency of file repair. In addition, only a standard MP4 file generated by using the same encoding mode as that of the MP4 file to be repaired needs to be provided, and the method is not dependent on a specific encoding mode, so that the method can be applied to the repairing process of the MP4 file in various scenes and has universality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided in the present application;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of an MP4 file repairing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of encoded data partitioning according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an actual structure of encoded data according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another encoded data error partition provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an MP4 file recovery apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be apparent that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In addition, the term "and/or" herein is only one kind of association relationship describing the association object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship, unless otherwise specified.
The embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings attached hereto.
The recording of the MP4 file is simply the encoding and packaging process of the video file. Specifically, in the recording process, video data and audio data are encoded to obtain corresponding encoded data. Meanwhile, the position of each frame of coded data in the MP4 file is stored to form an index. After the recording is completed, the index and decoding information is encapsulated in the header of the MP4 file. In this application, a video file refers to a file that contains both audio and video; video data refers to image data in a video file.
Once the recording process is interrupted, the index information is lost if it is not time to save. During the playing process of MP4, without the indication of the index information, the player cannot determine which frame data is an audio frame and which frame data is a video frame, and cannot determine the playing position in the MP4 corresponding to the frame data. Therefore, the file cannot be played normally, and becomes a broken MP4 file. If the recording time of the broken MP4 file is long, it also takes a long time to re-record. In particular, if the content recorded by the broken MP4 file cannot be reproduced, the content cannot be re-recorded.
Therefore, the repair of a broken MP4 file is an important technology. However, the existing MP4 file repair software is relatively complicated, and it is not easy to directly find an MP4 file suitable for such a damage mode. In addition, many repair software also do not repair file corruption caused by the recording interruption. Therefore, the present application proposes a new repairing method, which can specifically repair the damaged MP4 file generated by such recording interruption.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario provided in the present application. As shown in fig. 1, an MP4 file to be repaired and a standard MP4 file corresponding to the file are input to a terminal device, and the terminal device executes the method of the present application to repair an MP4 file to be repaired according to the standard MP4 file, so as to obtain a repaired MP4 file. Specific repair procedures can be referred to the following description of the embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an MP4 file repairing method according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method of the present embodiment may be applied to a terminal device in the foregoing scenario. The method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s201, analyzing the standard MP4 file to obtain first coded data, wherein the first coded data comprise coded data corresponding to a first video frame and coded data corresponding to a first audio frame.
The standard MP4 file is a file generated by using the same encoding method as the MP4 file to be repaired. For example, the standard MP4 file may be a file recorded by a recording device using the MP4 file to be restored, or a file recorded by a same-model device as a recording device using the MP4 file to be restored.
In the present application, the encoded data in the standard MP4 file is referred to as "first encoded data", the video frames in the standard MP4 file are referred to as "first video frames", and the audio frames in the standard MP4 file are referred to as "first audio frames".
As can be seen from the above description of the recording process of the MP4 file, the first encoded data specifically includes two types of data, the encoded data corresponding to the first video frame and the data corresponding to the first audio frame. These two types of data are presented in the form of an entire encoded data file without explicit segmentation.
It should be noted that "first" and "second" in this application are only used for distinguishing attributions of data (belonging to a standard MP4 file or a MP4 to be repaired), and do not have other limiting effects.
In some embodiments, the obtaining manner of the standard MP4 file may include: a database is created in advance, MP4 sample files recorded by various mainstream video recording devices in the same encoding mode are stored in the database, and information which can be used for distinguishing the encoding modes, such as device models, file recording software versions and the like, is used as tags of the MP4 sample files for synchronous storage. When a user has a file repair requirement, the MP4 file to be repaired can be uploaded on the terminal equipment, and information such as a recording equipment model or a recording software version corresponding to the MP4 file to be repaired is selected or input; the terminal device can match the corresponding label based on the information, so as to determine the standard MP4 file from the MP4 sample file corresponding to the label. Or after the user uploads the MP4 file to be restored, the terminal device analyzes the basic information of the MP4 file to be restored, determines information such as a corresponding recording device model or a recording software version, and matches a corresponding tag based on the information, thereby determining the standard MP4 file from the MP4 sample file corresponding to the tag.
In other embodiments, the obtaining manner of the standard MP4 file may include: prompting a user to upload an MP4 file which is the same as the MP4 file recording equipment to be repaired or the same as the recording software; or, the user is directly prompted to re-record the MP4 file with a certain length by using the recording device of the MP4 file to be repaired and upload the MP4 file.
Specifically, when a user has a file repair requirement, the MP4 file to be repaired can be uploaded on the terminal device, and information such as a recording device model or a recording software version corresponding to the MP4 file to be repaired can be selected or input at the same time; the terminal equipment can prompt the user to upload the MP4 file which is the same as the MP4 file recording equipment to be repaired or the same recording software. Or when the user has a file repair requirement, the MP4 file to be repaired may be uploaded on the terminal device, and the terminal device analyzes the basic information of the MP4 file to be repaired, determines information such as a corresponding recording device model or a recording software version, and prompts the user to upload an MP4 file that is the same as the recording device or the recording software of the MP4 file to be repaired.
S202, according to the first coded data, the coding features of the first video frame and the coding features of the first audio frame are respectively determined.
The inventor finds that the MP4 files recorded in the same encoding mode are decoded in the same mode in the process of implementing the application. At the same time, the encoded data in the file will generally follow the same or similar encoding characteristics. For example, some bits of the encoded data corresponding to a video frame are fixed to one or some combination of values. Therefore, by summarizing the encoding characteristics in the standard MP4 file generated based on the same encoding manner, the video frames and the audio frames of the damaged file can be distinguished, and the distinguished audio and video frames can be used for synthesizing the complete MP4 file (the repaired MP4 file).
In one implementation, determining the encoding characteristics of the first video frame and the encoding characteristics of the first audio frame may include: summarizing the flag bytes in the coded data corresponding to the audio frames and the flag bytes in the coded data corresponding to the video frames in the general MP4 file in advance; directly finding and opening a data table where the first coded data are located, and searching for the symbolic bytes of the audio frames and the symbolic bytes of the video frames; and summarizing and sorting the audio frame flag bytes searched from the standard MP4 file as the coding characteristics of the first audio frame, and summarizing and sorting the video frame flag bytes searched from the standard MP4 file as the coding characteristics of the first video frame.
S203, according to the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame, respectively determining coding data corresponding to all the second video frames and coding data corresponding to all the second audio frames from the MP4 file to be repaired.
In this application, the encoded data in the MP4 file to be repaired is referred to as "second encoded data", the video frames in the MP4 file to be repaired are referred to as "second video frames", and the audio frames in the MP4 file to be repaired are referred to as "second audio frames".
Based on the above analysis, the encoding characteristics of the standard MP4 file are similar to those of the MP4 file to be repaired, and can be used as a reference for the MP4 file to be repaired. After determining the encoding characteristics of the first video frame and the encoding characteristics of the first audio frame, the encoded data meeting the encoding characteristics of the first video frame can be found from the MP4 file to be repaired and determined as the encoded data corresponding to the second video frame, and the encoded data meeting the encoding characteristics of the first audio frame can be found from the MP4 file to be repaired and determined as the encoded data corresponding to the second audio frame. Therefore, the attribute (video frame or audio frame) of each frame of encoded data in the MP4 file to be repaired can be distinguished.
The implementation manner listed in S202 is taken as an example for explanation. Referring to the audio frame flag bytes found from the standard MP4 file, searching the encoded data containing these flag bytes from the MP4 file to be repaired, i.e. the encoded data corresponding to the second audio frame; and looking up the coded data containing the flag bytes from the MP4 file to be repaired by referring to the flag bytes of the video frames searched from the standard MP4 file, wherein the coded data is the coded data corresponding to the second video frame.
And S204, generating a repaired MP4 file according to the determined coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the determined coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames.
The determined encoded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the determined encoded data corresponding to all the second audio frames can be respectively stored in the corresponding data tables for distinguishing. Alternatively, the encoded data corresponding to all of the second video frames may be distinguished from the encoded data corresponding to all of the second audio frames by adding different identifications.
And combining the coded data corresponding to the second video frame and the coded data corresponding to the second audio frame to generate the repaired MP4 file.
The MP4 file repairing method provided in this embodiment includes: analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first coded data, wherein the first coded data comprises coded data corresponding to a first video frame and coded data corresponding to a first audio frame; the standard MP4 file is a file generated by using the same encoding mode as that of the MP4 file to be repaired; according to the first coded data, respectively determining the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame; respectively determining coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames from the MP4 file to be repaired according to the coding characteristics of the first video frames and the coding characteristics of the first audio frames; and generating a repaired MP4 file according to the determined coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the determined coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames. In the scheme of the application, the encoding characteristics of the video frame and the encoding characteristics of the audio frame of the standard MP4 file generated by using the same encoding mode as that of the MP4 file to be repaired are extracted and applied to the MP4 file to be repaired, so that the audio frame and the video frame in the MP4 file to be repaired are distinguished, the most critical step in the MP4 file repairing process is realized, and the repaired MP4 file is generated based on the distinguished audio frame and video frame. The implementation of the method can specifically repair the file damage caused by recording interruption, and improve the efficiency of file repair. In addition, only a standard MP4 file generated by using the same encoding mode as that of the MP4 file to be repaired needs to be provided, and the method is not dependent on a specific encoding mode, so that the method can be applied to the repairing process of the MP4 file in various scenes and has universality.
In some embodiments, parsing the standard MP4 file to obtain the first encoded data includes: analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first coded data and index information; the index information is used to indicate the start address of each frame data in the standard MP4 file. Correspondingly, the above determining the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame according to the first coding data respectively includes: and respectively determining the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame according to the first coding data and the index information.
The present embodiment provides another way to determine the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame, i.e. the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame in the first encoded data are determined in combination with the index information.
Specifically, the determining the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame according to the first coded data and the index information respectively may include: according to the index information, determining coded data corresponding to a first video frame and coded data corresponding to a first audio frame from the first coded data; for the coded data corresponding to each first video frame, extracting data of a preset position of the coded data corresponding to the first video frame as a feature tag of the first video frame; for the coded data corresponding to each first audio frame, extracting data of a preset position of the coded data corresponding to the first audio frame as a feature tag of the first audio frame; determining the coding characteristics of the first video frames according to the characteristic label of each first video frame; and determining the coding characteristics of the first audio frames according to the characteristic label of each first audio frame.
The index information may indicate a specific location of each frame data in the encoded data. Therefore, each frame of data can be distinguished by combining the index information. Several bits of data are extracted from each frame of data, and the several bits of data generally correspond to different numerical combinations in the audio frame and the video frame and can be used as the characteristics of the audio and video frame.
Each video frame and each audio frame in the standard MP4 file can be directly positioned according to the index information; extracting a plurality of bytes at a preset position of the coded data corresponding to the first video frame by frame to serve as a feature tag of the first video frame; and extracting a plurality of bytes of a preset position of the coded data corresponding to the first audio frame by frame to serve as a feature tag of the first audio frame. The feature labels of some video frames may be the same, so that the feature labels of all the video frames are summarized and sorted, repeated feature labels are removed, and the rest feature label set can be used as the coding feature of the first video frame. In the same way, the coding characteristics of the first audio frame can be obtained.
For example, the first 2 bytes of the encoded data corresponding to each frame are extracted as the feature tag. If the extracted feature tags of the video frames include "65", "41" and "01", it may be determined that the encoding features of the first video frame include: the first 2 bytes are "65" or "41" or "01". This is by way of example only and not by way of limitation. The specific position and value of the coded data corresponding to the feature tag are also determined according to different MP4 files.
In some embodiments, the "preset position" may also be determined based on some manner of data analysis. For example, several alternative positions are set; extracting bytes of the first coded data corresponding to the alternative positions; respectively carrying out statistical analysis on a specific numerical value of a byte of an alternative position of coded data corresponding to each frame of video frame and a repetition rate corresponding to the specific numerical value between all video frames, and a specific numerical value of a byte of an alternative position of coded data corresponding to each frame of audio frame and a repetition rate corresponding to the specific numerical value between all audio frames; comparing the determined repetition rates of the alternative positions; and selecting the alternative position corresponding to the highest repetition rate as a preset position.
The logic underlying this is that the signature tag, as an identification and signature, may be higher in repetition rate between frames than other bytes.
The method for determining the encoding characteristics provided by this embodiment is simple, and by traversing each frame of encoded data in the standard MP4 file, the encoding characteristics corresponding to the first audio frame and the first video frame can be comprehensively counted.
In some embodiments, the determining, according to the encoding characteristics of the first video frame and the encoding characteristics of the first audio frame, the encoding data corresponding to all the second video frames and the encoding data corresponding to all the second audio frames from the MP4 file to be repaired respectively may include: analyzing the MP4 file to be repaired to obtain second coded data; and traversing the second coded data, determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first video frame as the coded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first audio frame as the coded data corresponding to the second audio frame.
That is, the second encoded data is extracted by parsing the MP4 file to be repaired. The second encoded data is traversed with reference to the encoding feature. The coded data conforming to the coding characteristics of the first video frame are the coded data corresponding to the second video frame; the coded data conforming to the coding characteristics of the first audio frame are the coded data corresponding to the second audio frame.
Still referring to the previous example, as shown in FIG. 3, when traversing to a location in the second encoded data, 2 contiguous bytes are found to be "65". After continuing to traverse backward several bytes, 2 adjacent bytes are found to be "01". It can be preliminarily determined that several bytes "65" and thereafter ("01" before) are encoded data belonging to one video frame. In this way, not only the start position of the encoding of the video frame, but also the length of the frame data can be determined.
Typically, an audio frame is within 400 bytes in length, while a video frame is from several kilobytes to several tens of kilobytes in length.
In some scenarios, the signature tags in the MP4 file to be repaired are not necessarily identical to the signature tags in the standard MP4 file. If there is a feature tag in the MP4 file to be repaired that does not appear in the standard MP4 file, then when distinguishing the video frame and the audio frame in the MP4 file to be repaired based on the feature tag in the standard MP4 file, some frames may not be recognized, but are divided into the same frame by other adjacent frames, which further results in some frames having too long length in the division result.
Still referring to the previous example, as shown in fig. 4, it is the real situation of the corresponding encoded data in the same scenario as fig. 3. The first byte 65 video frame determined in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 3 corresponds to a first byte 65 video frame and a first byte 32 video frame. Since the first byte of 32 is not present in the standard MP4 file, it is not determined as the coding characteristic of the first video frame, which results in a partitioning error.
In other scenarios, if some frames in the MP4 file to be repaired have the same value combination as the feature tag at the position not belonging to the feature tag, the frames may be excessively divided, resulting in too short length of some frames in the division result. I.e. the normal data that would belong to a certain frame, is identified as a feature tag of another frame because it just coincides with the value of the feature tag.
Still referring to the previous example, as shown in fig. 5, another corresponding division of encoded data is performed in the same scenario as in fig. 4. In the actual video frame with the first byte 65 corresponding to fig. 4, there are 2 adjacent bytes 41. When the encoded data of the second video frame and the second audio frame are distinguished by using the method in the above embodiment, when traversing the second encoded data based on the encoding characteristic of the first video frame (the first 2 bytes are "65" or "41" or "01"), the 2 adjacent bytes 41 in the actual video frame with the first byte 65 may be misjudged as the encoding characteristic of the first video frame, so that the actual video frame with the first byte 65 is divided into one video frame with the first byte 65 and one video frame with the first byte 41.
Therefore, after the second video frame and the second audio frame are preliminarily determined, the division errors can be timely found by analyzing the length of the frames, and the repair efficiency is further improved.
Specifically, traversing the second encoded data, determining the encoded data conforming to the encoding characteristic of the first video frame as the encoded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determining the encoded data conforming to the encoding characteristic of the first audio frame as the encoded data corresponding to the second audio frame may include: traversing the second coded data, determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first video frame as candidate video coded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first audio frame as candidate audio coded data corresponding to the second audio frame; respectively determining a first length range of the coded data corresponding to the second video frame and a second length range of the coded data corresponding to the second audio frame according to the length of each candidate video coded data and the length of each candidate audio coded data; and respectively adjusting the candidate video coding data with the length not belonging to the first length range and the candidate audio coding data with the length not belonging to the second length range to obtain the coding data corresponding to the second video frame and the coding data corresponding to the second audio frame.
After traversing the second encoded data, candidate video encoded data and candidate audio encoded data are determined. And adjusting the candidate video coding data and the candidate audio coding data by combining the length information to obtain coding data corresponding to the second video frame and coding data corresponding to the second audio frame.
The specific adjustment method may be to count length distribution of the candidate video coded data according to the length of each candidate video coded data, remove a data length with a large deviation, take the data length as a length range (a first length range) of coded data corresponding to the second video frame, and then adjust the candidate video coded data with a length not in the first length range (i.e., the removed data with a large deviation, which may be referred to as coded data to be adjusted). For example, the encoded data to be adjusted and the encoded data of the previous frame adjacent to the encoded data to be adjusted may be combined into one frame, or the encoded data to be adjusted and the encoded data of the next frame adjacent to the encoded data to be adjusted may be combined into one frame, or the encoded data to be adjusted and the adjacent frames of data may be combined into one frame. The principle of merging is to merge with shorter frames of adjacent frames.
In some specific embodiments, parsing the standard MP4 file to obtain the first encoded data includes: and analyzing the standard MP4 file to obtain first coded data and decoding information. Correspondingly, the generating the repaired MP4 file according to the encoded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the encoded data corresponding to all the second audio frames as described above may include: and generating a repaired MP4 file according to the decoding information, the coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames.
Referring to the above description, the MP4 file generated by the same encoding method also has the same decoding information. That is, the decoding information is obtained from the standard MP4 file, and the encoded data corresponding to the second video frame and the encoded data corresponding to the second audio frame are jointly synthesized into the repaired MP4 file. When the restored MP4 file is decoded, the encoded data can be decoded using the decoding information. The specific MP4 file synthesis method can refer to the specific implementation manner in the related art.
After the repaired MP4 file is generated, the repairing effect of the repaired MP4 file can be further checked and further adjusted when the effect is not good. Specifically, the repaired MP4 file can be played; detecting whether a damaged picture and/or noise is damaged or not in the playing process; if the damaged picture and/or the noise are detected, the position of the damaged picture and/or the noise in the repaired MP4 file is located; and adjusting the attribute of the coded data of the video frame and/or the audio frame corresponding to the position of the damaged picture and/or the noise to obtain a new repaired MP4 file.
In some implementations, image analysis and voice analysis may be performed during playback to verify picture quality and sound quality, respectively. Through image analysis, whether color blocks or messy codes exist in the played picture can be judged; by the voice analysis, it is possible to judge whether there is a noise or noise in the sound. The reason for these problems may be that encoded data that belongs to a video frame is misjudged as encoded data of an audio frame, or that encoded data that belongs to an audio frame is misjudged as encoded data of a video frame.
If the color block or the messy codes are detected, the damaged picture can be considered to be damaged, the video frame corresponding to the damaged picture is positioned, and the corresponding coded data is adjusted to be the coded data of the audio frame. If the noise or the noise is detected, the audio frame corresponding to the noise or the noise can be positioned, and the corresponding coded data is adjusted to be the coded data of the video frame.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an MP4 file restoration device according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 6, an MP4 file restoration device 600 according to the present embodiment includes: file analysis module 601, encoding characteristic determination module 602, encoded data classification module 603, and MP4 file synthesis module 604.
The file parsing module 601 is configured to parse a standard MP4 file to obtain first encoded data, where the first encoded data includes encoded data corresponding to a first video frame and encoded data corresponding to a first audio frame; the standard MP4 file is a file generated by using the same encoding mode as that of the MP4 file to be repaired;
an encoding characteristic determining module 602, configured to determine, according to the first encoded data, an encoding characteristic of the first video frame and an encoding characteristic of the first audio frame respectively;
the encoded data classification module 603 is configured to determine, according to the encoding characteristics of the first video frame and the encoding characteristics of the first audio frame, encoded data corresponding to all second video frames and encoded data corresponding to all second audio frames from the MP4 file to be repaired, respectively;
the MP4 file synthesizing module 604 is configured to generate a repaired MP4 file according to the determined encoded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the determined encoded data corresponding to all the second audio frames.
Optionally, when parsing the standard MP4 file to obtain the first encoded data, the file parsing module 601 is specifically configured to:
analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first coded data and index information; the index information is used for indicating the starting address of each frame data in the standard MP4 file;
the encoding characteristic determining module 602 is specifically configured to:
and respectively determining the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame according to the first coding data and the index information.
Optionally, when determining the coding feature of the first video frame and the coding feature of the first audio frame according to the first coding data and the index information, the coding feature determining module 602 is specifically configured to:
according to the index information, determining coded data corresponding to a first video frame and coded data corresponding to a first audio frame from the first coded data;
for the coded data corresponding to each first video frame, extracting data of a preset position of the coded data corresponding to the first video frame as a feature tag of the first video frame;
for the coded data corresponding to each first audio frame, extracting data of a preset position of the coded data corresponding to the first audio frame as a feature tag of the first audio frame;
determining the coding characteristics of the first video frames according to the characteristic label of each first video frame;
and determining the coding characteristics of the first audio frames according to the characteristic label of each first audio frame.
Optionally, the encoded data classification module 603 is specifically configured to:
analyzing the MP4 file to be repaired to obtain second coded data;
and traversing the second coded data, determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first video frame as the coded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first audio frame as the coded data corresponding to the second audio frame.
Optionally, when traversing the second encoded data, the encoded data classification module 603 determines the encoded data that conforms to the encoding characteristic of the first video frame as the encoded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determines the encoded data that conforms to the encoding characteristic of the first audio frame as the encoded data corresponding to the second audio frame, specifically configured to:
traversing the second coded data, determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first video frame as candidate video coded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first audio frame as candidate audio coded data corresponding to the second audio frame;
respectively determining a first length range of the coded data corresponding to the second video frame and a second length range of the coded data corresponding to the second audio frame according to the length of each candidate video coded data and the length of each candidate audio coded data;
and respectively adjusting the candidate video coding data with the length not belonging to the first length range and the candidate audio coding data with the length not belonging to the second length range to obtain the coding data corresponding to the second video frame and the coding data corresponding to the second audio frame.
Optionally, when parsing the standard MP4 file to obtain the first encoded data, the file parsing module 601 is specifically configured to:
analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first coded data and decoding information;
the MP4 file synthesizing module 604 is specifically configured to:
and generating a repaired MP4 file according to the decoding information, the coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames.
Optionally, the apparatus 600 further includes an MP4 file adjusting module 605, configured to:
playing the repaired MP4 file;
detecting whether a damaged picture and/or noise is damaged or not in the playing process;
if the damaged pictures and/or noises are detected, the positions of the damaged pictures and/or noises in the repaired MP4 file are located;
and adjusting the attribute of the coded data of the video frame and/or the audio frame corresponding to the position of the damaged picture and/or the noise to obtain a new repaired MP4 file.
The apparatus of this embodiment may be configured to perform the method of any of the above embodiments, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 7, a data transmission device 700 according to this embodiment may include: a memory 701 and a processor 702.
The memory 701 has stored thereon a computer program that can be loaded by the processor 702 and executed to perform the method in the above-described embodiments.
The electronic device of this embodiment may be configured to perform the method of any of the above embodiments, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.
The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and executed to perform the method as in the above embodiments.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or a portion of the steps of implementing the above-described method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs steps comprising the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.

Claims (9)

1. An MP4 file repair method, comprising:
analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first encoded data, wherein the first encoded data comprises encoded data corresponding to a first video frame and encoded data corresponding to a first audio frame; the standard MP4 file is generated by using the same encoding mode as that of the MP4 file to be repaired;
according to the first coded data, respectively determining the coding characteristics of a first video frame and the coding characteristics of a first audio frame; the coding features of the first video frame comprise numerical combination features of coding data corresponding to the first video frame; the coding features of the first audio frame comprise numerical combination features of the coding data corresponding to the first audio frame;
respectively determining coded data corresponding to all second video frames and coded data corresponding to all second audio frames from the MP4 file to be repaired according to the coding characteristics of the first video frames and the coding characteristics of the first audio frames;
generating a repaired MP4 file according to the determined coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the determined coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames;
the determining, according to the coding feature of the first video frame and the coding feature of the first audio frame, the coding data corresponding to all the second video frames and the coding data corresponding to all the second audio frames from the MP4 file to be repaired respectively includes:
determining candidate video coding data corresponding to a second video frame according to the coding characteristics of the first video frame, and determining candidate audio coding data corresponding to a second audio frame according to the coding characteristics of the first audio frame;
respectively determining a first length range of coded data corresponding to a second video frame and a second length range of coded data corresponding to a second audio frame according to the length of each candidate video coded data and the length of each candidate audio coded data;
and respectively adjusting the candidate video coding data with the length not belonging to the first length range and the candidate audio coding data with the length not belonging to the second length range to obtain the coding data corresponding to the second video frame and the coding data corresponding to the second audio frame.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein parsing the standard MP4 file to obtain first encoded data comprises:
analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first coded data and index information; the index information is used for indicating the starting address of each frame of data in the standard MP4 file;
the determining the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame according to the first coding data respectively comprises:
and respectively determining the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame according to the first coding data and the index information.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the coding characteristics of the first video frame and the coding characteristics of the first audio frame from the first encoded data and the index information, respectively, comprises:
according to the index information, determining coded data corresponding to a first video frame and coded data corresponding to a first audio frame from the first coded data;
for the coded data corresponding to each first video frame, extracting data of a preset position of the coded data corresponding to the first video frame as a feature tag of the first video frame;
for the coded data corresponding to each first audio frame, extracting data of a preset position of the coded data corresponding to the first audio frame as a feature tag of the first audio frame;
determining the coding characteristics of each first video frame according to the characteristic label of the first video frame;
according to the feature tag of each first audio frame, determining the coding features of the first audio frame.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the determining, from the MP4 file to be repaired, the encoded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the encoded data corresponding to all the second audio frames according to the encoding characteristics of the first video frames and the encoding characteristics of the first audio frames respectively comprises:
analyzing the MP4 file to be repaired to obtain second coded data;
and traversing the second coded data, determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first video frame as the coded data corresponding to the second video frame, and determining the coded data which accord with the coding characteristics of the first audio frame as the coded data corresponding to the second audio frame.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein parsing the standard MP4 file to obtain first encoded data comprises:
analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first coded data and decoding information;
generating a repaired MP4 file according to the determined encoded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the determined encoded data corresponding to all the second audio frames, including:
and generating a repaired MP4 file according to the decoding information, the coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
playing the repaired MP4 file;
detecting whether a damaged picture and/or noise is damaged or not in the playing process;
if the damaged picture and/or the noise are detected, locating the position of the damaged picture and/or the noise in the repaired MP4 file;
and adjusting the attribute of the coded data of the video frame and/or the audio frame corresponding to the position of the damaged picture and/or the noise to obtain a new repaired MP4 file.
7. An MP4 file restoration device, comprising:
the file analysis module is used for analyzing a standard MP4 file to obtain first encoded data, wherein the first encoded data comprise encoded data corresponding to a first video frame and encoded data corresponding to a first audio frame; the standard MP4 file is a file generated by using the same encoding mode as that of the MP4 file to be repaired;
the encoding characteristic determining module is used for respectively determining the encoding characteristics of a first video frame and the encoding characteristics of a first audio frame according to the first encoding data; the coding features of the first video frame comprise numerical combination features of coding data corresponding to the first video frame; the coding features of the first audio frame comprise numerical combination features of coding data corresponding to the first audio frame;
an encoded data classification module, configured to determine, according to the encoding characteristics of the first video frame and the encoding characteristics of the first audio frame, encoded data corresponding to all second video frames and encoded data corresponding to all second audio frames from the MP4 file to be repaired, respectively;
the MP4 file synthesizing module is used for generating a repaired MP4 file according to the determined coded data corresponding to all the second video frames and the determined coded data corresponding to all the second audio frames;
the encoded data classification module is specifically configured to:
determining candidate video coding data corresponding to a second video frame according to the coding characteristics of the first video frame, and determining candidate audio coding data corresponding to a second audio frame according to the coding characteristics of the first audio frame;
respectively determining a first length range of coded data corresponding to a second video frame and a second length range of coded data corresponding to a second audio frame according to the length of each candidate video coded data and the length of each candidate audio coded data;
and respectively adjusting the candidate video coding data with the length not belonging to the first length range and the candidate audio coding data with the length not belonging to the second length range to obtain the coding data corresponding to the second video frame and the coding data corresponding to the second audio frame.
8. An electronic device, comprising: memory and processor, the memory having stored thereon a computer program which can be loaded by the processor and which performs the method of any of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which can be loaded by a processor and which executes the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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