CN114124179B - User selection method for multi-user wireless energy transmission system - Google Patents

User selection method for multi-user wireless energy transmission system Download PDF

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CN114124179B
CN114124179B CN202111172809.9A CN202111172809A CN114124179B CN 114124179 B CN114124179 B CN 114124179B CN 202111172809 A CN202111172809 A CN 202111172809A CN 114124179 B CN114124179 B CN 114124179B
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CN114124179A (en
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桂鑫
黄晓鹏
石俊峰
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Guangdong Kuisheng Information Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/382—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels for resource allocation, admission control or handover
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/391—Modelling the propagation channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0215—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on user or device properties, e.g. MTC-capable devices
    • H04W28/0221—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on user or device properties, e.g. MTC-capable devices power availability or consumption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • H04W28/22—Negotiating communication rate

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Abstract

The application provides a user selection method for a multi-user wireless energy transmission system, which comprises the following steps: the maximum average transmission rate of the ID of the wireless information decoding terminal is taken as an objective function, and the minimum required energy Q acquired by the EH is met E The constraint condition of (1) and constructing a mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy acquisition terminal EH; quantizing and pre-coding the receiving channels of the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID respectively; and according to the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID after re-precoding, optimizing the constructed mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy acquisition terminal EH, and performing self-adaptive selection on the optimal wireless information decoding terminal ID. The method can be used for self-adaptive user selection under different parameter configurations under the condition that the total feedback bandwidth is fixed, so that the maximum value of the total transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal user is achieved.

Description

User selection method for multi-user wireless energy transmission system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a user selection method for a multi-user wireless energy transmission system.
Background
At present, greedy user selection method and orthogonal user selection method are mainly adopted for transmission system selection of multi-user hybrid energy transmission and wireless communication. The greedy user selection method is a user selection method directly taking the total transmission rate of multiple users as an optimization target. The specific method comprises the following steps: the scheduler selects the user with the highest achievable rate. Then, in each iteration, the total transmission rate of a new user set formed by each remaining user and the selected cooperative users is calculated, and then the user set with the maximum total transmission rate is selected as the new user set of the current iteration. If any new user set cannot increase the total transmission rate or the maximum schedulable number of users is reached, the process ends. The greedy user selection method has a high computational complexity because the total rate of all the cooperative user combinations is calculated in each iteration.
As for the semi-orthogonal user selection method, the two-dimensional information of the channel quality and the channel direction is utilized to represent the transmission rate of users, and the interference among multiple users is reduced as much as possible by selecting approximately orthogonal users, so that the total transmission rate of the multiple users is indirectly optimized. The semi-orthogonal user selection method is characterized by using two-dimensional information of channel quality and channel direction to represent the transmission rate, and the total transmission rate is calculated without performing inverse operation on a multi-user synthesized channel matrix in an iterative process. However, in the semi-orthogonal algorithm, a threshold for characterizing the orthogonality of users needs to be set. If the threshold parameter is set too small, the multi-user diversity gain is reduced; the threshold is set too high, which is likely to cause too much inter-stream interference. Therefore, the threshold parameter must be optimized through multiple simulations.
Both of the above two user selection methods are based on the user with the best channel quality to select the user, and the search range is very limited, thereby limiting the diversity gain of multiple users.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a new user selection method that can effectively improve the multi-user diversity gain and ensure lower computational complexity.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the present application aims to provide a user selection method for a multi-user wireless energy transmission system, which can be used for adaptive user selection under different parameter configurations under the condition that the total feedback bandwidth is fixed, so as to achieve the maximum value of the total transmission rate of a wireless information decoding terminal user.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a user selection method for a multi-user wireless energy transmission system, where the system includes a wireless access node AP, and the wireless access node AP and an energy harvesting terminal EH and K are simultaneously connected to the wireless access node AP I A wireless information decoding terminal IDInformation interaction; wherein the wireless access node AP is configured with N T The energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID are both provided with a single receiving antenna;
the method comprises the following steps:
taking the maximum average transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID as an objective function and meeting the minimum required energy Q acquired by the energy acquisition terminal EH E The constraint condition of (2) that a mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy harvesting terminal EH is constructed;
quantizing the receiving channels of the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID respectively, and re-precoding according to the receiving channel information after the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID are quantized;
according to the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID after re-precoding, optimizing a constructed mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy acquisition terminal EH;
and according to the optimized mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy acquisition terminal EH, performing self-adaptive selection on the optimal wireless information decoding terminal ID.
Preferably, the constructing of the mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy harvesting terminal EH is as follows:
Figure GDA0003884150990000031
wherein h is i And g is a receiving channel of the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy collecting terminal EH respectively, and the dimensionality is 1 multiplied by N T ，
Figure GDA0003884150990000032
Represents h i Transposed conjugate matrix of g H A transposed conjugate matrix representing g; v. of i For channel h i W is the transmission rate of channel g;P tot for maximum transmit power constraint, P, of the wireless access point AP E And P I Respectively the transmission power P distributed to the energy collecting terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID E And P I And satisfy P E +P I ＝P tot 。
Preferably, the method for quantizing the receiving channels of the energy harvesting terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal respectively comprises:
the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID respectively pre-store the code book generated offline
Figure GDA0003884150990000033
And
Figure GDA0003884150990000034
b is adopted by the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID respectively E And B I,k Representing quantized channel information, the corresponding codebooks each comprising
Figure GDA0003884150990000041
And
Figure GDA0003884150990000042
the maximum feedback bandwidth constraint which can be processed by the base station is B tot And satisfy
Figure GDA0003884150990000043
Respectively obtaining actual channel information from the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID through channel estimation, and quantizing a receiving channel according to a minimum Euclidean distance criterion, namely:
Figure GDA0003884150990000044
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003884150990000045
and
Figure GDA0003884150990000046
respectively representing normalized receiving channel information g and h i ，
Figure GDA0003884150990000047
And
Figure GDA0003884150990000048
respectively representing channels
Figure GDA0003884150990000049
And
Figure GDA00038841509900000410
receiving channel information after quantization;
the wireless access node AP receives the channel information according to the quantization
Figure GDA00038841509900000411
And
Figure GDA00038841509900000412
precoding and wireless transmission are performed.
Preferably, the information of the receiving channel after EH quantization is acquired according to the energy collecting terminal
Figure GDA00038841509900000413
Precoding the transmission rate w of the receiving channel g of the energy acquisition terminal EH as follows:
Figure GDA00038841509900000414
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure GDA00038841509900000415
a precoding matrix representing a transmission rate w of the energy harvesting terminal EH,
Figure GDA00038841509900000416
to be in a channel
Figure GDA00038841509900000417
Is projected thereon, wherein
Figure GDA00038841509900000418
Is K I Decoding the aggregated channel of the terminal ID user from said wireless information,
Figure GDA00038841509900000419
representing a transposed conjugate matrix;
decoding the receiving channel information after the terminal ID quantization according to the wireless information
Figure GDA00038841509900000420
Adopting zero forcing precoding to decode the precoding matrix of the terminal ID user for the kth wireless information
Figure GDA00038841509900000421
In a compensation matrix
Figure GDA00038841509900000422
In the null space of (a);
respectively get about
Figure GDA00038841509900000423
The correlation distribution of (a) is:
Figure GDA0003884150990000051
Figure GDA0003884150990000052
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003884150990000053
representing a codebook size of
Figure GDA0003884150990000054
Channel average quantization error when quantizing a channel, l E For the average gain of the channel g,
Figure GDA0003884150990000055
a chi-square distribution of dimension N.
Preferably, the method for optimally constructing the mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy harvesting terminal EH includes:
the energy harvesting terminal EH reaches the minimum required energy Q E The minimum required feedback bandwidth is then:
Figure GDA0003884150990000056
wherein, P E And P I The transmission power, K, respectively allocated to the energy harvesting terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID I Number of users, l, indicating the wireless information decoding terminal ID E Represents the average large-scale fading value, N, of the EH channel information g T The number of transmitting antennas of the wireless access node AP is represented;
when the number of users K of the wireless information decoding terminal ID I When the average transmission rate is 1, the average transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID is represented as:
Figure GDA0003884150990000057
wherein, κ 1 ＝P I l I (1-δ)、τ 1 ＝P E l E δ, l denotes an index value ranging from 0 to i, i denotes an index value ranging from 0 to N T -1, δ represents
Figure GDA0003884150990000058
I.e. a codebook size of
Figure GDA0003884150990000059
Channel average quantization error when quantizing the channel;
when the number of users K of the wireless information decoding terminal ID I When the transmission rate is more than or equal to 2, the average transmission rate of the kth wireless information decoding terminal ID is represented as:
Figure GDA0003884150990000061
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003884150990000062
Figure GDA0003884150990000063
β 2 ＝P E l E δ, L represents N T -1, m represents
Figure GDA0003884150990000064
n represents
Figure GDA0003884150990000065
k represents i +1;
constructing an optimal objective function with respect to a maximum average transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID as:
Figure GDA0003884150990000066
and the constraint conditions are as follows:
K I satisfy the requirements of
Figure GDA0003884150990000067
Wherein, B I A feedback bandwidth, l, representing the wireless information decoding terminal ID I Indicating ID channel information h i Average large-scale fading value of (c).
Preferably, the method for adaptively selecting the optimal wireless information decoding terminal ID according to the optimized mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy harvesting terminal EH includes:
will K I Value from 1 to N T The values of-1 are substituted into the optimal objective function formula (8) from small to large to obtain corresponding f (K) I ) A value of (d);
rejecting K that does not satisfy the constraint formula (9) I After the value, K satisfying the constraint condition formula (9) from the rest I Determining the value of f (K) I ) K with the largest value I The value is used as the selected optimal wireless information decoding terminal ID.
In the embodiment of the application, for a transmission system combining energy transmission and wireless communication, a user selection method for a multi-user wireless energy transmission system is provided, which uses the maximum average transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID as an objective function and meets the minimum required energy Q collected by the energy collection terminal EH E The constraint condition of (2) that a mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy harvesting terminal EH is constructed; then, quantizing and pre-coding the energy acquisition terminal EH and the receiving channel of the wireless information decoding terminal ID respectively; then, according to the energy collection terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID after re-precoding, optimizing a mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy collection terminal EH, and based on the optimized mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy collection terminal EH, performing self-adaptive selection on an optimal wireless information decoding terminal ID.
The low-complexity precoding algorithm provided by the method realizes the purpose of ensuring that the acquired energy of the energy acquisition terminal is greater than a threshold value Q E On the premise of maximizing the total transmission rate of the information decoding terminal, the channel quantization precision is improved. Meanwhile, the number of the EH users at the energy acquisition terminal is deduced to be 1, and the number of the ID users at the wireless information decoding terminal is deduced to be K I An optimal objective function of the time maximum average transmission rate; adopt the mostThe optimal objective function can be selected by the self-adaptive users under different parameter configurations under the condition that the total feedback bandwidth is fixed, so as to achieve the maximum value of the total transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID users.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a user selection method for a multi-user wireless energy transmission system provided in the present application;
fig. 2 is a graph of simulation results.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
It should be noted that references in the specification to "one embodiment," "an example embodiment," etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
Additionally, where certain terms are used throughout the description and following claims to refer to particular components or elements, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that manufacturers may refer to the same component or element by different terms or terms. This specification and the claims that follow do not intend to distinguish between components or features that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. In addition, the term "connected" as used herein includes any direct and indirect electrical connection. Indirect electrical connection means include connection by other means.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a user selection method for a multi-user wireless energy transmission system. The multi-user wireless energy transmission system is assumed to comprise a wireless access node AP, and the wireless access node AP and an energy acquisition terminal EH and K are simultaneously connected I ID information interaction of each wireless information decoding terminal; wherein the wireless access node AP is configured with N T And the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID are both provided with a single receiving antenna. The self-adaptive user selection method for the system design specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: taking the maximum average transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID as an objective function and meeting the minimum required energy Q acquired by the energy acquisition terminal EH E The constraint condition of (2) that a mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy harvesting terminal EH is constructed;
Figure GDA0003884150990000091
wherein h is i And g is a receiving channel of the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy acquisition terminal EH respectively, and the dimensionality is 1 XN T ，
Figure GDA0003884150990000092
Denotes h i Transposed conjugate matrix of g H A transposed conjugate matrix representing g; v. of i For channel h i W is the transmission rate of the channel g; p tot For maximum transmit power constraints, P, of the wireless access point AP E And P I Respectively the transmission power P distributed to the energy collecting terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID E And P I And satisfy P E +P I ＝P tot 。
S2: and quantizing the receiving channels of the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID respectively, and re-precoding according to the receiving channel information quantized by the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID. The method comprises the following specific steps:
in a practical communication system, especially a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, it is difficult for the AP to obtain ideal channel information, so in the practical communication system, the codebook feedback mode is a common transmission mode of channel information, that is, a limited number of feedback bits are used to report channel information. Make the maximum feedback bandwidth constraint that the base station can handle be B tot Wherein, the energy collecting terminal EH user and the wireless information decoding terminal ID user respectively adopt B E And B I,k To quantize the channel information to satisfy
Figure GDA0003884150990000101
The energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID respectively pre-store the code book generated offline
Figure GDA0003884150990000102
And
Figure GDA0003884150990000103
corresponding codebooks each include
Figure GDA0003884150990000104
And
Figure GDA0003884150990000105
a codeword vector.
And respectively obtaining actual channel information from the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID through channel estimation, and quantizing a receiving channel according to a minimum Euclidean distance criterion, namely:
Figure GDA0003884150990000106
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003884150990000107
and
Figure GDA0003884150990000108
respectively representing normalized receiving channel information g and h i ，
Figure GDA0003884150990000109
And
Figure GDA00038841509900001010
respectively representing channels
Figure GDA00038841509900001011
And
Figure GDA00038841509900001012
quantized received channel information.
The energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID respectively pass through
Figure GDA00038841509900001013
And
Figure GDA00038841509900001014
the binary bit sequence informs the channel information of the wireless access node AP after quantization, and the wireless access node AP receives the channel information according to the quantization
Figure GDA00038841509900001015
And
Figure GDA00038841509900001016
precoding and wireless transmission are performed.
Then, in order to suppress interference between the wireless information decoding terminal ID users and meet the energy collection requirement of the energy collection terminal EH users, the information of the receiving channel quantized by the energy collection terminal EH is received
Figure GDA00038841509900001017
Precoding the transmission rate w of the receiving channel g of the energy acquisition terminal EH as follows:
Figure GDA0003884150990000111
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003884150990000112
a precoding matrix representing a transmission rate W of the energy harvesting terminal EH,
Figure GDA0003884150990000113
to be in a channel
Figure GDA0003884150990000114
Is projected thereon, wherein
Figure GDA0003884150990000115
Is K I Decoding the aggregated channels of the terminal ID users with said wireless information,
Figure GDA0003884150990000116
representing a transposed conjugate matrix.
The precoding matrix represented by the above formula is at K I In the null space of the wireless information decoding terminal ID user channel, the interference of the energy collection terminal EH wave beam to the wireless information decoding terminal ID user is eliminated, and the power of receiving energy is maximized in the residual dimension space.
Decoding the receiving channel information after the terminal ID quantization according to the wireless information
Figure GDA0003884150990000117
Adopting zero forcing precoding to decode the precoding matrix of the terminal ID user for the kth wireless information
Figure GDA0003884150990000118
In a compensation matrix
Figure GDA0003884150990000119
In the null space of (a);
respectively obtaining the correlation values by using the random vector quantization correlation properties
Figure GDA00038841509900001110
The correlation distribution of (a) is:
Figure GDA00038841509900001111
Figure GDA00038841509900001112
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA00038841509900001113
representing a codebook size of
Figure GDA00038841509900001114
Channel average quantization error when quantizing a channel, l E Is the average gain of the channel g and,
Figure GDA00038841509900001115
is a chi-square distribution of dimension N.
Therefore, the application provides the low-complexity precoding algorithm aiming at the transmission system of hybrid energy transmission and wireless communication, and realizes the purpose of ensuring that the acquired energy of the energy acquisition terminal is greater than the threshold value Q E The total transmission rate of the information decoding terminal is maximized.
S3: and optimizing a constructed mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy acquisition terminal EH according to the re-precoded energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID. The method comprises the following specific steps:
in some embodiments, the energy harvesting terminal EH achieves the minimum required energy Q using channel-dependent properties E Minimum required feedback bandThe width is:
Figure GDA0003884150990000121
wherein, P E And P I The transmission power, K, respectively allocated to the energy harvesting terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID I A number of users, l, indicating the ID of the wireless information decoding terminal E Represents the average large-scale fading value, N, of the EH channel information g T Representing the number of transmitting antennas of the wireless access node AP;
when the number of users K of the wireless information decoding terminal ID I When the average transmission rate is 1, the average transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID is represented as:
Figure GDA0003884150990000122
wherein, κ 1 ＝P I l I (1-δ)、τ 1 ＝P E l E δ, l denotes an index value ranging from 0 to i, i denotes an index value ranging from 0 to N T -1, δ represents
Figure GDA0003884150990000123
I.e. a codebook size of
Figure GDA0003884150990000124
The channel average quantization error when quantizing the channel.
At this time, the minimum feedback bit number corresponding to the required energy acquisition terminal EH user is:
Figure GDA0003884150990000125
when the number of users K of the wireless information decoding terminal ID I When the transmission rate is more than or equal to 2, the average transmission rate (ergodic capacity) of the kth wireless information decoding terminal ID is expressed as follows:
Figure GDA0003884150990000126
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003884150990000131
Figure GDA0003884150990000132
β 2 ＝P E l E δ, L represents N T -1, m represents
Figure GDA0003884150990000133
n represents
Figure GDA0003884150990000134
k represents i +1.
In the case where the total feedback bandwidth is limited, then an optimal objective function regarding the maximum average transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID is constructed as:
Figure GDA0003884150990000135
and the constraint conditions are as follows:
K I satisfy the requirement of
Figure GDA0003884150990000136
Wherein, B I A feedback bandwidth, l, representing the ID of the wireless information decoding terminal I Indicating ID channel information h i Average large-scale fading value of (a).
Therefore, the number of the EH users at the energy acquisition terminal is deduced to be 1, and the number of the ID users at the wireless information decoding terminal is deduced to be K I The optimal objective function of the time maximum average transmission rate is obtained, and the energy Q required to be acquired is correspondingly obtained E The minimum number of feedback bits. By adopting the optimal objective function, the method can be self-adaptive to user selection under different parameter configurations so as to achieve the wireless information decoding terminalThe maximum value of the total rate of end ID user transmissions.
S4: and according to the optimized mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy acquisition terminal EH, performing self-adaptive selection on the optimal wireless information decoding terminal ID.
In some embodiments, K is I Value from 1 to N T The value of-1 is substituted into the optimal objective function formula (9) from small to large to obtain the corresponding f (K) I ) A value of (d);
then, eliminating K which does not satisfy the constraint condition formula (10) I After the value, K satisfying the constraint condition is remained I Determine the value of f (K) I ) K with the largest value I The value is used as the selected optimal wireless information decoding terminal ID.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing simulation results of the user selection method for the multi-user wireless energy transmission system, in which the total transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID is shown along with the total feedback bit B tot The variation of (2). As can be seen from fig. 2, in the case where the number of wireless information decoding terminal ID users is fixed, the total transmission rate follows B tot Increases, indicating that the increased accuracy of channel quantization improves system performance. In addition, under the condition that the total feedback bandwidth is fixed, the self-adaptive user selection mechanism of the application can always reach the maximum value of the total transmission rate.
It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the method embodiments are described as a series of acts or combination of acts, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments are not limited by the order of acts described, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently depending on the embodiments. Further, those of skill in the art will recognize that the embodiments described in this specification are presently preferred embodiments and that no particular act is required to implement the embodiments of the disclosure.
In summary, the present application provides a user selection method for a multi-user wireless energy transmission system for a transmission system combining energy transmission and wireless communication, by using the wireless informationThe maximum average transmission rate of the ID of the decoding terminal is an objective function and meets the minimum required energy Q collected by the energy collecting terminal EH E The constraint condition of (2) that a mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy harvesting terminal EH is constructed; then quantizing and pre-coding the receiving channels of the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID respectively; then, according to the energy collection terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID after re-precoding, optimizing a mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy collection terminal EH, and based on the optimized mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy collection terminal EH, performing self-adaptive selection on an optimal wireless information decoding terminal ID. The low-complexity precoding algorithm provided by the method realizes the purpose of ensuring that the acquired energy of the energy acquisition terminal is greater than a threshold value Q E On the premise of maximizing the total transmission rate of the information decoding terminal, the channel quantization precision is improved. Meanwhile, the number of the EH users at the energy acquisition terminal is deduced to be 1, and the number of the ID users at the wireless information decoding terminal is deduced to be K I An optimal objective function of the time maximum average transmission rate; by adopting the optimal objective function, under the condition that the total feedback bandwidth is fixed, the optimal objective function can be selected by aiming at self-adaptive users under different parameter configurations so as to achieve the maximum value of the total transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID users.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A user selection method for a multi-user wireless energy transmission system, the system comprising a wireless access node AP, the wireless access node AP simultaneously with an energy harvesting terminal EH and K I ID information interaction of each wireless information decoding terminal; wherein the wireless access node AP is configured withN T The energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID are both provided with a single receiving antenna; the method is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps:
taking the maximum average transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID as an objective function and meeting the minimum required energy Q acquired by the energy acquisition terminal EH E The constraint condition of (2) that a mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy harvesting terminal EH is constructed;
quantizing the receiving channels of the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID respectively, and re-precoding according to the receiving channel information after the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID are quantized;
according to the energy collection terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID after re-precoding, the mathematical model which is optimized and constructed between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy collection terminal EH comprises the following steps:
achieving a minimum required energy Q at the energy harvesting terminal EH E Then, the minimum required feedback bandwidth is determined as follows:
Figure FDA0003901409870000011
wherein, P E And P I Respectively, the transmission power, K, assigned to the energy harvesting terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID I Number of users, l, indicating the wireless information decoding terminal ID E Represents the average large-scale fading value, N, of the EH channel information g T Representing the number of transmitting antennas of the wireless access node AP;
constructing an optimal objective function regarding a maximum average transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID as:
Figure FDA0003901409870000021
and the constraint conditions are as follows:
K I satisfy the requirements of
Figure FDA0003901409870000022
Wherein R is S (B I ,l I ) A user number K indicating the current wireless information decoding terminal ID I When the number is 1, the wireless information decodes the average transmission rate of the terminal ID; r is M (K I ,B I,k ,l I,k ) A user number K indicating the number of users of the wireless information decoding terminal ID I When the average transmission rate of the kth wireless information decoding terminal ID is more than or equal to 2, B I A feedback bandwidth, l, representing the ID of the wireless information decoding terminal I Indicating ID channel information h i Average large-scale fading value of;
when the number of users K of the wireless information decoding terminal ID I At 1, the average transmission rate of the wireless information decoding terminal ID is represented as:
Figure FDA0003901409870000023
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003901409870000024
κ 1 ＝P I l I (1-δ)、τ 1 ＝P E l E δ, l denotes an index value ranging from 0 to i, i denotes an index value ranging from 0 to N T -1, δ represents
Figure FDA0003901409870000025
I.e. a codebook size of
Figure FDA0003901409870000026
Channel average quantization error when quantizing the channel;
when the number of users K of the wireless information decoding terminal ID I When the content of the organic acid is more than or equal to 2,the average transmission rate of the kth wireless information decoding terminal ID is expressed as:
Figure FDA0003901409870000031
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003901409870000032
Figure FDA0003901409870000033
β 2 ＝P E l E δ, L represents N T -1,m represents
Figure FDA0003901409870000034
n represents
Figure FDA0003901409870000035
k represents i +1;
and according to the optimized mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy acquisition terminal EH, performing self-adaptive selection on the optimal wireless information decoding terminal ID.
2. The user selection method for the multi-user wireless energy transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the constructing of the mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy harvesting terminal EH is:
Figure FDA0003901409870000036
Figure FDA0003901409870000037
P E +P I ≤P tot
wherein h is i And g is dividedReceiving channels of the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy acquisition terminal EH respectively have the dimension of 1 XN T ，
Figure FDA0003901409870000038
Denotes h i Transposed conjugate matrix of g H A transposed conjugate matrix representing g; v. of i For channel h i W is the transmission precoding of the channel g; p is tot For maximum transmit power constraint, P, of said wireless access node AP E And P I Respectively the transmission power P distributed to the energy collecting terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID E And P I And satisfy P E +P I ＝P tot 。
3. The user selection method for the multi-user wireless energy transmission system according to claim 2, wherein the method for quantizing the receiving channels of the energy harvesting terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal respectively is:
the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID respectively pre-store the code book generated offline
Figure FDA0003901409870000041
And
Figure FDA0003901409870000042
b is adopted by the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID respectively E And B I,k Representing quantized channel information, the corresponding codebooks each comprising
Figure FDA0003901409870000043
And
Figure FDA0003901409870000044
the maximum feedback bandwidth constraint which can be processed by the base station is B tot And satisfy
Figure FDA0003901409870000045
Respectively obtaining actual channel information from the energy acquisition terminal EH and the wireless information decoding terminal ID through channel estimation, and quantizing a receiving channel according to a minimum Euclidean distance criterion, namely:
Figure FDA0003901409870000046
Figure FDA0003901409870000047
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003901409870000048
and
Figure FDA0003901409870000049
respectively representing normalized receiving channel information g and h i ，
Figure FDA00039014098700000410
And
Figure FDA00039014098700000411
respectively representing channels
Figure FDA00039014098700000412
And
Figure FDA00039014098700000413
receiving channel information after quantization;
the wireless access node AP receives the channel information according to the quantization
Figure FDA00039014098700000414
And
Figure FDA00039014098700000415
precoding and wireless transmission are performed.
4. The user selection method for a multi-user wireless energy transmission system according to claim 3, wherein:
receiving channel information after EH quantization according to the energy acquisition terminal
Figure FDA00039014098700000416
And precoding the transmission of the receiving channel g of the energy acquisition terminal EH into:
Figure FDA00039014098700000417
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA00039014098700000418
a transmit precoding matrix representing the energy harvesting terminals EH,
Figure FDA00039014098700000419
to be in a channel
Figure FDA00039014098700000420
Is projected onto, wherein
Figure FDA00039014098700000421
Is K I Decoding the aggregated channels of the terminal ID users with said wireless information,
Figure FDA0003901409870000051
representing a transposed conjugate matrix;
decoding the receiving channel information after the terminal ID quantization according to the wireless information
Figure FDA0003901409870000052
Adopting zero forcing precoding to decode the precoding matrix of the terminal ID user for the kth wireless information
Figure FDA0003901409870000053
In a compensation matrix
Figure FDA0003901409870000054
In the null space of (a);
respectively get about
Figure FDA0003901409870000055
The correlation distribution of (a) is:
Figure FDA0003901409870000056
Figure FDA0003901409870000057
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003901409870000058
representing a codebook size of
Figure FDA0003901409870000059
Channel average quantization error when quantizing a channel, l E For the average gain of the channel g,
Figure FDA00039014098700000510
is a chi-square distribution of dimension N.
5. The user selection method for the multi-user wireless energy transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the method for adaptively selecting the optimal wireless information decoding terminal ID according to the optimized mathematical model between the wireless information decoding terminal ID and the energy harvesting terminal EH comprises:
will K I Value from 1 to N T The values of-1 are substituted into the optimal objective function formula from small to large to obtain corresponding f (K) I ) A value of (d);
rejecting K under constraint condition that does not satisfy the required minimum feedback bandwidth I After the value, K is obtained from the constraint condition that the residual meets the required minimum feedback bandwidth I Determine the value of f (K) I ) K with the largest value I The value is used as the selected optimal wireless information decoding terminal ID.
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