CN114095994A - Communication method and device based on unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents
Communication method and device based on unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
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- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0229—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a wanted signal
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Abstract
The invention provides a communication method and device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The communication method based on the unmanned aerial vehicle is applied to the terminal equipment to be detected in the area to be inspected, and the method comprises the following steps: after the first timer is overtime, awakening from the PSM state, judging whether a network signal is detected, and entering an idle state to start paging if the network signal is detected; entering an activated state after detecting a communication instruction from a base station, and sending monitoring data to the base station, wherein the base station is located in an unmanned aerial vehicle; and after the data transmission is finished, returning to an idle state and starting a second timer, entering a PSM state after the second timer is overtime, and starting the first timer. The technical scheme of the invention can provide low-cost network coverage for the area to be inspected, reduce the power consumption of the terminal equipment to be detected and prolong the service life of the battery of the terminal equipment to be detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a communication method and device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle.
Background
The Narrow-Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is an Internet of Things technology that can be applied in the Global domain, is constructed in a cellular network, requires a bandwidth of about 180KHz, has an uplink and downlink rate of about hundred kbps, works in an authorized frequency Band, can be directly deployed in a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network or a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, and realizes multiplexing of an existing network. The NB-IoT network has the characteristics of low Power consumption, wide coverage, and large connection, the transmission distance can reach up to a dozen kilometers, the capacity of a single network access node is about 20 ten thousand, the single network access node includes three operating modes, namely, Discontinuous Reception (DRX), Extended DRX (eDRX), and Power Saving Mode (PSM), and the battery life of the NB-IoT network can reach 10 years on average in the Power Saving state.
In the existing scheme, the method faces to network operation and maintenance work, when the network quality is good and the power consumption is not strictly required, the terminal equipment to be detected can be communicated with the management platform server in real time, and the monitored data information is reported; to the operation of patrolling and examining of relevant terminal equipment that awaits measuring in some outdoor scenes, can scan the detection to relevant region with the help of unmanned aerial vehicle, based on advantages such as unmanned aerial vehicle's automatic cruise, high definition aerial photograph, accomplish real-time image passback in great inspection range.
In the existing scheme, it needs higher network cost to obtain the relevant data of waiting to detect the terminal equipment that detects, in addition, real-time communication causes higher consumption, to remote area or the rare area of people, the network covers the not good enough even unable cover of condition, communication has certain difficulty, even but real-time communication, frequent data transmission can increase power consumption, it is very inconvenient to get into the artifical battery of changing in this kind of area, unmanned aerial vehicle patrolling and examining the mode commonly used at present can not satisfy communication coverage and low-power consumption demand in this kind of scene.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a communication method and device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which can provide low-cost network coverage for an area to be inspected, reduce the power consumption of the terminal equipment to be detected and prolong the service life of the battery of the terminal equipment to be detected.
To solve the above technical problem, embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
on the one hand, the communication method based on the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided and is applied to the terminal equipment to be detected in the area to be inspected, and the method comprises the following steps:
after the first timer is overtime, awakening from the PSM state, judging whether a network signal is detected, and entering an idle state to start paging if the network signal is detected;
entering an activated state after detecting a communication instruction from a base station, and sending monitoring data to the base station, wherein the base station is located in an unmanned aerial vehicle;
and after the data transmission is finished, returning to an idle state and starting a second timer, entering a PSM state after the second timer is overtime, and starting the first timer.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises:
and determining the initial duration of the first timer and the second timer according to the time required by the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly to the area to be patrolled and examined from the departure time.
In some embodiments, after entering the activated state, the method further comprises:
and receiving a timer updating instruction of the base station, and updating the duration of the first timer and the second timer according to the timer updating instruction.
In some embodiments, the sending the monitoring data to the base station includes:
sending an authentication request carrying the identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected to the base station;
and after receiving the authentication response of the base station, establishing communication with the base station and sending the monitoring data to the base station.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
and if the network signal is not detected after awakening from the PSM state, setting a third timer, and detecting the network signal by taking the duration of the third timer as a period.
In some embodiments, the base station and the terminal device to be detected communicate through NB-IoT technology.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a communication method based on the unmanned aerial vehicle, which is applied to a base station, wherein the base station is positioned on the unmanned aerial vehicle and is used for acquiring monitoring data of the terminal equipment to be detected in the area to be inspected, and the method comprises the following steps:
and after entering the area to be inspected, establishing communication with the terminal equipment to be inspected, and receiving monitoring data sent by the terminal equipment to be inspected.
In some embodiments, the establishing communication with the terminal device to be detected includes:
receiving an authentication request of the terminal equipment to be detected, wherein the authentication request carries identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected;
and authenticating the terminal equipment to be detected according to the identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected, and establishing communication with the terminal equipment to be detected after the authentication is passed.
In some embodiments, after establishing communication with the terminal device to be detected, the method further includes:
and sending a timer updating instruction to the terminal equipment to be detected, and indicating to update the duration of the first timer and the second timer.
In some embodiments, after receiving the monitoring data sent by the terminal device to be detected, the method further includes any one of:
sending the received monitoring data to a blind-repairing base station, wherein the blind-repairing base station can communicate with a core network;
sending the received monitoring data to a satellite, wherein the satellite can communicate with a core network;
sending the received monitoring data to an unmanned aerial vehicle server through an unmanned aerial vehicle data link, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle server can communicate with a core network;
and storing the received monitoring data in the memory card.
In some embodiments, the base station and the terminal device to be detected communicate through NB-IoT technology.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a communication device based on the unmanned aerial vehicle, which is applied to the terminal equipment to be detected in the area to be inspected, and the device comprises:
the first processing module is used for waking up from a PSM state after the first timer is overtime, judging whether a network signal is detected or not, and entering an idle state to start paging if the network signal is detected;
the second processing module is used for entering an activated state after detecting a communication instruction from a base station and sending monitoring data to the base station, and the base station is positioned on the unmanned aerial vehicle;
and the third processing module is used for returning to an idle state and starting a second timer after data transmission is finished, entering a PSM state after the second timer is overtime, and starting the first timer.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:
and the initialization module is used for determining the initial duration of the first timer and the second timer according to the time required by the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly to the area to be patrolled and examined from the departure time.
In some embodiments, after entering the active state, the apparatus further comprises:
and the receiving module is used for receiving a timer updating instruction of the base station and updating the duration of the first timer and the duration of the second timer according to the timer updating instruction.
In some embodiments, the second processing module is specifically configured to send, to the base station, an authentication request carrying identification information of the terminal device to be detected; and after receiving the authentication response of the base station, establishing communication with the base station and sending the monitoring data to the base station.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:
and the setting module is used for setting a third timer if the network signal is not detected after the PSM state is awakened, and detecting the network signal by taking the duration of the third timer as a period.
In some embodiments, the base station and the terminal device to be detected communicate through NB-IoT technology.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a communication device based on the unmanned aerial vehicle, which is applied to a base station, wherein the base station is positioned on the unmanned aerial vehicle and is used for acquiring the monitoring data of the terminal equipment to be detected in the area to be inspected, and the device comprises:
and the receiving module is used for establishing communication with the terminal equipment to be detected after entering the area to be inspected and receiving the monitoring data sent by the terminal equipment to be detected.
In some embodiments, the receiving module is specifically configured to receive an authentication request of the terminal device to be detected, where the authentication request carries identification information of the terminal device to be detected; and authenticating the terminal equipment to be detected according to the identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected, and establishing communication with the terminal equipment to be detected after the authentication is passed.
In some embodiments, after establishing communication with the terminal device to be detected, the apparatus further includes:
and the sending module is used for sending a timer updating instruction to the terminal equipment to be detected and indicating to update the duration of the first timer and the second timer.
In some embodiments, after receiving the monitoring data sent by the terminal device to be detected, the apparatus further includes a processing module, configured to execute any one of:
sending the received monitoring data to a blind-repairing base station, wherein the blind-repairing base station can communicate with a core network;
sending the received monitoring data to a satellite, wherein the satellite can communicate with a core network;
sending the received monitoring data to an unmanned aerial vehicle server through an unmanned aerial vehicle data link, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle server can communicate with a core network;
and storing the received monitoring data in the memory card.
In some embodiments, the base station and the terminal device to be detected communicate through NB-IoT technology.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a communication device based on the unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program, wherein the computer program is stored on the memory and can run on the processor; the processor, when executing the program, implements the drone-based communication method as described above.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps in the drone-based communication method as described above.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the above scheme, unmanned aerial vehicle carries small-size base station for waiting to patrol and examine the regional network coverage that provides the mobility, wait to detect terminal equipment and unmanned aerial vehicle's base station and communicate through NB-IoT technique, switch between PSM state, paging and activation state, maintain and update relevant timer based on unmanned aerial vehicle base station's instruction, only get into paging and activation state and communicate in patrolling and examining the cycle, all be in the sleep state in the cycle is patrolled and examined to the non-, can reduce the power consumption that waits to detect terminal equipment, the extension waits to detect terminal equipment's battery life. By the technical scheme, regional network coverage service is provided for areas with insufficient network coverage and poor signal quality, such as remote areas, a base station is not required to be specially deployed, and the method has real-time mobility, flexibly and inexpensively solves the problem of regional communication; according to the technical scheme, the terminal device to be detected does not need to be in real-time communication with the operation and maintenance platform, data transmission is completed between the terminal device to be detected and the base station of the unmanned aerial vehicle through a low-power-consumption communication technology, the timer is updated by receiving and sending instructions in the interaction process, and the low-power-consumption requirement is met by properly switching the terminal device to be detected between different states.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is applied to a terminal device to be detected in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle applied to a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication scheme of a terminal device to be detected-unmanned aerial vehicle based on NB-IoT technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a network communication blind-patching scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is applied to a terminal device to be detected according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus based on an unmanned aerial vehicle applied to a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic composition diagram of a communication device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention provides a communication method and device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which can provide low-cost network coverage for an area to be inspected, reduce the power consumption of terminal equipment to be detected and prolong the service life of a battery of the terminal equipment to be detected.
The embodiment of the invention provides a communication method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is applied to terminal equipment to be detected in an area to be inspected, and as shown in figure 1, the method comprises the following steps:
step 101: after the first timer is overtime, awakening from the PSM state, judging whether a network signal is detected, and entering an idle state to start paging if the network signal is detected;
step 102: entering an activated state after detecting a communication instruction from a base station, and sending monitoring data to the base station, wherein the base station is located in an unmanned aerial vehicle;
step 103: and after the data transmission is finished, returning to an idle state and starting a second timer, entering a PSM state after the second timer is overtime, and starting the first timer.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises:
and determining the initial duration of the first timer and the second timer according to the time required by the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly to the area to be patrolled and examined from the departure time. Wherein, can follow according to unmanned aerial vehicle from the departure moment fly to the central point that waits to patrol and examine the regional required time of central point confirms first timer with the initial duration of second timer, this time can be by unmanned aerial vehicle departure position and central point distance between the position, unmanned aerial vehicle's flying speed decision.
In some embodiments, after entering the activated state, the method further comprises:
and receiving a timer updating instruction of the base station, and updating the duration of the first timer and the second timer according to the timer updating instruction.
In some embodiments, the sending the monitoring data to the base station includes:
sending an authentication request carrying the identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected to the base station;
and after receiving the authentication response of the base station, establishing communication with the base station and sending the monitoring data to the base station. The base station side can store terminal identification information capable of passing authentication, and if the identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected is matched with the terminal identification information stored in the base station, the terminal equipment to be detected can pass authentication.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
and if the network signal is not detected after awakening from the PSM state, setting a third timer, and detecting the network signal by taking the duration of the third timer as a period.
In some embodiments, the base station and the terminal device to be detected communicate through NB-IoT technology.
In this embodiment, unmanned aerial vehicle carries small-size basic station for waiting to patrol and examine the regional network coverage that provides the mobility, wait to detect terminal equipment and unmanned aerial vehicle's basic station and communicate through NB-IoT technique, switch between PSM state, paging and activation state, maintain and update relevant timer based on unmanned aerial vehicle basic station's instruction, only get into paging and activation state and communicate in patrolling and examining the cycle, the non-period of patrolling and examining all is in the sleep state, can reduce the power consumption that waits to detect terminal equipment, the extension waits to detect terminal equipment's battery life. By the technical scheme, regional network coverage service is provided for areas with insufficient network coverage and poor signal quality, such as remote areas, a base station is not required to be specially deployed, and the method has real-time mobility, flexibly and inexpensively solves the problem of regional communication; according to the technical scheme, the terminal device to be detected does not need to be in real-time communication with the operation and maintenance platform, data transmission is completed between the terminal device to be detected and the base station of the unmanned aerial vehicle through a low-power-consumption communication technology, the timer is updated by receiving and sending instructions in the interaction process, and the low-power-consumption requirement is met by properly switching the terminal device to be detected between different states.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is applied to a base station, where the base station is located on the unmanned aerial vehicle and is configured to obtain monitoring data of a terminal device to be detected in an area to be inspected, as shown in fig. 2, where the method includes:
step 201: and after entering the area to be inspected, establishing communication with the terminal equipment to be inspected, and receiving monitoring data sent by the terminal equipment to be inspected.
In some embodiments, the establishing communication with the terminal device to be detected includes:
receiving an authentication request of the terminal equipment to be detected, wherein the authentication request carries identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected;
and authenticating the terminal equipment to be detected according to the identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected, and establishing communication with the terminal equipment to be detected after the authentication is passed. The base station side can store terminal identification information capable of passing authentication, and if the identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected is matched with the terminal identification information stored in the base station, the terminal equipment to be detected can pass authentication.
In some embodiments, after establishing communication with the terminal device to be detected, the method further includes:
and sending a timer updating instruction to the terminal equipment to be detected, and indicating to update the duration of the first timer and the second timer.
In some embodiments, after receiving the monitoring data sent by the terminal device to be detected, the method further includes any one of:
sending the received monitoring data to a blind-repairing base station, wherein the blind-repairing base station can communicate with a core network;
sending the received monitoring data to a satellite, wherein the satellite can communicate with a core network;
sending the received monitoring data to an unmanned aerial vehicle server through an unmanned aerial vehicle data link, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle server can communicate with a core network;
and storing the received monitoring data in the memory card.
In some embodiments, the base station and the terminal device to be detected communicate through NB-IoT technology.
In this embodiment, unmanned aerial vehicle carries small-size basic station for waiting to patrol and examine the regional network coverage that provides the mobility, wait to detect terminal equipment and unmanned aerial vehicle's basic station and communicate through NB-IoT technique, switch between PSM state, paging and activation state, maintain and update relevant timer based on unmanned aerial vehicle basic station's instruction, only get into paging and activation state and communicate in patrolling and examining the cycle, the non-period of patrolling and examining all is in the sleep state, can reduce the power consumption that waits to detect terminal equipment, the extension waits to detect terminal equipment's battery life. By the technical scheme, regional network coverage service is provided for areas with insufficient network coverage and poor signal quality, such as remote areas, a base station is not required to be specially deployed, and the method has real-time mobility, flexibly and inexpensively solves the problem of regional communication; according to the technical scheme, the terminal device to be detected does not need to be in real-time communication with the operation and maintenance platform, data transmission is completed between the terminal device to be detected and the base station of the unmanned aerial vehicle through a low-power-consumption communication technology, the timer is updated by receiving and sending instructions in the interaction process, and the low-power-consumption requirement is met by properly switching the terminal device to be detected between different states.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the embodiment, the remote area for detecting the operation and maintenance is oriented, the terminal device to be detected can be a well lid connected with an underground cable, a terminal carrying a sensor to store relevant information and the like, the unmanned aerial vehicle carrying a small base station periodically flies out of an operation and maintenance platform to the area to be patrolled, a network signal is provided for the area where the unmanned aerial vehicle arrives, the base station carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle and the terminal device to be detected communicate through an NB-IoT technology, relevant data is transmitted to complete report of detection information, meanwhile, corresponding connection is established between the base station carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle and a core network, network blind-complementing service is provided, and a complete communication flow among the terminal device to be detected, the base station carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle and the core network is realized. After the base station carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle and all the terminal equipment to be detected in the area to be inspected complete communication, the obtained monitoring data is brought back to the operation and maintenance platform server, and the inspection work is completed.
In this embodiment, the base station carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle and the terminal device to be detected communicate with each other by using an NB-IoT technology, the initial durations of the first timer and the second timer may be configured, then the durations of the first timer and the second timer are updated in the communication handshake process between the base station carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle and the terminal device to be detected, the base station issues an instruction to the terminal device to be detected according to the time of the next communication cycle to inform the terminal device to be detected of the new timer duration, and the terminal device to be detected updates the maintenance timer according to the received instruction and switches to the next state after each timeout. In this embodiment, treat that to detect terminal equipment is in the sleep state at most time, only awakens up in the specific period that unmanned aerial vehicle patrolled and examined, is triggered the back and prepares communication, and this mechanism can effectively reduce the power consumption of treating to detect terminal equipment, provides the guarantee for the low-power consumption demand of treating to detect terminal equipment communication.
In this embodiment, for the terminal device to be detected in the operation and maintenance area to be inspected, the NB-IoT card is deployed for the terminal device, and a PSM mode using an NB-IoT network is set. According to the unmanned aerial vehicle inspection cycle, respectively initializing the duration of an idle state timer (namely a first timer) and a second timer from the idle state to the PSM state based on an NB-IoT protocol, so that the terminal equipment to be detected is awakened when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies out to an inspection area. In order to prevent the terminal equipment to be detected from accessing other NB-IoT networks irrelevant to the routing inspection, the NB-IoT card used by the terminal equipment to be detected can be specially customized, so that the card can only be accessed to a base station or a core network specified by the routing inspection.
For all the terminal devices to be detected in the region to be patrolled, the terminal devices to be detected are divided into circular regions with the diameter of about 10km according to the geographical position distribution of the terminal devices to be detected, and the positions where the patrolling unmanned aerial vehicles stay when flying through each sub-region for communication are the central positions of the corresponding circular regions. According to the distance between the starting point of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the inspection area, the distance between the central points of all the sub-areas in the inspection range, the flight route and the speed of the unmanned aerial vehicle and other factors, the time required for the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly to the corresponding position of each sub-area from the starting time can be calculated, the initial time length of the timer of the terminal equipment to be detected in each sub-area is determined according to the flight period and the time length of flying through each section of area, and the time length of the timer is updated through the interaction between the base station of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the terminal equipment to be detected in each communication process.
The patrol unmanned aerial vehicle carries the NB-IoT small-sized base station, and in order to avoid accessing other NB-IoT terminals, the patrol unmanned aerial vehicle can authenticate the terminal equipment to be detected which is accessed into the network, and only the terminal equipment to be detected which is defined in advance is allowed to access. To selecting the unmanned aerial vehicle for patrol work, the capability configuration can satisfy the following: the mounted weight is not less than 2kg, the endurance time is not less than 1 hour, the allowed maximum flying speed is not less than 50km/h, the wind resistance level is 6, and the error of the hovering position is +/-0.5 m.
The main frequency band of unmanned aerial vehicle communication is 800MHz, and the communication coverage in urban area is 5 kilometers, and the communication coverage in remote open area is 10km, and here considers not all to use power amplifier. For the NB-IoT small base station mounted on the drone, its weight is about 1.5kg, its size is about 200mm (l) 200mm (w) 585mm (h), its capacity is configured to be accessible to 300 terminals simultaneously, and its power consumption is about 12v 150 mA. For guaranteeing to detect the connected state of terminal equipment and unmanned aerial vehicle, should not be too fast at the in-process unmanned aerial vehicle's of patrolling and examining, can set up that unmanned aerial vehicle and the maximum relative velocity of detecting terminal equipment are 20 km/h.
In this embodiment, a flow of the communication method based on the unmanned aerial vehicle is shown in fig. 3, and first, the terminal device to be detected is in a PSM state, and durations of the first timer and the second timer are initialized; after the first timer is overtime, the terminal equipment to be detected is awakened; judging whether the network signal arrives, if not, setting a third timer and periodically searching the network signal; if the terminal arrives, the terminal to be detected enters an idle state to start paging; after a communication instruction of the base station is detected, the terminal to be detected enters an activated state, communicates with the base station to complete transmission of monitoring data, and updates the duration of the first timer and the second timer; when the communication is finished, the terminal to be detected exits the activation state and returns to the paging; and after the second timer is overtime, the terminal equipment to be detected returns to the PSM state, enters the sleep state and waits for next inspection.
Fig. 4 is a communication scheme of terminal devices to be detected-unmanned aerial vehicles based on NB-IoT technology, where all the terminal devices to be detected in the polling area are in an active, idle or sleep state at different time intervals according to the setting of NB-IoT cards. The unmanned aerial vehicle regularly flies out from an operation and maintenance center, when the unmanned aerial vehicle reaches the center position of a certain subregion in an inspection range, a first timer of the terminal equipment to be detected is overtime, all the terminal equipment to be detected in the subregion are awakened, whether a network signal of a small base station of the unmanned aerial vehicle arrives is judged, if the network signal is not detected, the terminal equipment to be detected is off-line, a timer T1 (namely a third timer) is used as a periodic cyclic search signal, when the network signal from the base station of the unmanned aerial vehicle is detected, the terminal equipment to be detected enters a paging state, and when the terminal equipment to be detected receives an NB-IoT communication command sent by the inspection unmanned aerial vehicle, the terminal equipment to be detected is activated to start data transmission.
The time that unmanned aerial vehicle stays in each patrol and examine subregion is no less than 10 minutes, stays highly apart from about 100m on ground, adopts NB-IoT technique to communicate with waiting to detect between the terminal equipment, considers that unmanned aerial vehicle duration is limited, obtains the setting of above-mentioned time based on the regional evaluation of patrolling and examining the time-consuming situation in to the communication process, according to the hypothesis condition in patrolling and examining the region, to its concrete analysis as follows: according to the area of each subarea in the inspection range and the capacity condition of the unmanned aerial vehicle carrying the small base station, if the number of the terminal devices to be inspected in each subarea is 300, a proper data transmission rate is set, in order to exert the power saving characteristic of NB-IoT to the maximum extent, the time from the sleep state to the activation of the terminal devices to be inspected is estimated to be about 5 minutes, partial external factor influence is considered, the transmission duration of each terminal device to be inspected can be calculated according to the second level, the serial or parallel communication between different terminal devices to be inspected and the unmanned aerial vehicle can be completed, and the transmission duration of all the terminal devices to be inspected in each subarea can be controlled within 1 minute. Therefore, the total time of the unmanned aerial vehicle staying in each sub-area to complete all communication with the terminal equipment to be detected can be controlled within 10 minutes.
After the unmanned aerial vehicle base station finishes communication with all the terminal devices to be detected in each sub-area, the base station sends an instruction to inform the updating duration of all the timers of the terminal devices to be detected in the area according to the time of next routing inspection, and the terminal devices to be detected update the first timer and the second timer after receiving the instruction. And when the second timer is overtime, the terminal equipment to be detected is switched back to the PSM state, enters sleep, and triggers the terminal equipment to wake up again when the unmanned aerial vehicle arrives next time based on the updated duration of the first timer.
When the inspection area does not have the coverage of the traditional cellular network and the core network is a cellular mobile network (such as 2G/4G) and the like, in addition to the communication between the terminal device to be detected and the unmanned aerial vehicle base station, a communication flow between the base station and the core network needs to be established for data return, the supplement of the blind spot of the core network is completed, and a complete data transmission flow is realized in the network. As shown in fig. 5, this embodiment proposes 4 core network communication blind-patching schemes:
the first scheme is as follows: small base station of traditional cellular network
Can with patrol and examine unmanned aerial vehicle synchronous departure one and carry small-size basic station and be used for the unmanned aerial vehicle of network blind patching, this basic station uses traditional cellular network (like 2G 4G etc.) standard, requires to patrol and examine the NB-IoT small-size basic station that unmanned aerial vehicle carried this moment and contains the 2G 4G module. Under the condition, the to-be-detected terminal equipment in the inspection area is communicated with the base station of the inspection unmanned aerial vehicle through the NB-IoT network, the base station of the inspection unmanned aerial vehicle is communicated with the unmanned aerial vehicle which synchronously follows the blind-supplement base station, and the base station of the network blind-supplement unmanned aerial vehicle is communicated with the core network through the 2G/4G cellular network, so that a complete communication flow in the network is completed. If the routing inspection area has traditional cellular network coverage, a network blind-patching unmanned aerial vehicle does not need to be configured, and the communication with the core network can be completed by routing inspection of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the NB-IoT comprising the 2G/4G module.
According to the scheme, the inspection area does not need to be covered by a traditional cellular network, a protocol conversion function is configured inside a base station carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle which synchronously follows to complete network blind-patch connection, and commands are issued to complete corresponding data transmission.
Scheme II: satellite backhaul
The to-be-detected terminal equipment in the inspection area is communicated with the base station of the inspection unmanned aerial vehicle through the NB-IoT network, and the base station of the inspection unmanned aerial vehicle synchronously transmits data back to the core network through the satellite, so that synchronous transmission of the data is realized.
According to the scheme, the inspection area does not need to be covered by a traditional cellular network, an additional base station is not needed to be added, command issuing and data transmission are carried out by means of satellite communication, and communication can be achieved in a large range.
The third scheme is as follows: unmanned aerial vehicle data link
Can operate unmanned aerial vehicle and patrol and examine regional waiting to detect terminal equipment and pass through NB-IoT network communication through the unmanned aerial vehicle remote control unit, be connected through the special communication link of unmanned aerial vehicle between remote control unit and the unmanned aerial vehicle, in addition, can dispose wired link and be connected with specific command control center at the remote control unit end, the unmanned aerial vehicle communication that is used for specially fortune dimension regional waits to detect terminal equipment and patrol and examine, passes back information to the core net side after this command control center obtains communication data.
This scheme breaks away from traditional cellular network and satellite communication, only sends the instruction and carries out data transmission through ground control station, accomplishes unmanned aerial vehicle communication closed loop, can obtain comparatively stable data transmission effect.
And the scheme is as follows: NB-IoT small base station pre-formation
Before executing the polling task each time, the command center platform needs to determine the flight line of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the NB-IoT to-be-polled terminal equipment to be detected, and all possible states and corresponding instructions of the terminal equipment to be detected can be uploaded to the airborne NB-IoT small-sized base station through media such as wired connection or a memory card, so that information prefabrication is completed; in the process of executing the inspection work, the unmanned aerial vehicle starts to collect data uploaded by the terminal equipment to be detected after flying to a designated area, data information is stored in a memory card of a small base station carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle, an application program embedded in the base station judges whether a relevant instruction needs to be issued to the terminal equipment to be detected or not according to the collected data, and the terminal equipment to be detected executes corresponding operation after receiving the relevant instruction; after the unmanned aerial vehicle executes the polling work, the unmanned aerial vehicle returns to the command center, and data in the memory card is copied to the corresponding operation and maintenance platform server.
According to the scheme, the support of an additional network environment is not needed, the work can be completed in a larger inspection area, but the type of the terminal equipment to be detected of the Internet of things, all information and relevant instructions which can be reported possibly need to be prefabricated in a base station of the inspection unmanned aerial vehicle.
In this embodiment, a small-sized base station carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle interacts with a terminal device to be detected, so that the terminal device to be detected is switched between a sleep state and a paging state, after communication data transmission is completed each time, the base station informs the terminal device to be detected of the time when next polling arrives, the terminal device to be detected updates the duration of a timer after receiving an instruction, and periodically enters the sleep state, the paging state and the activation state according to a polling period, so that the power consumption of the terminal device to be detected is reduced as much as possible on the basis of ensuring communication interaction, and the service life of a battery of the terminal device to be detected is prolonged.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is applied to a terminal device to be detected in an area to be inspected, as shown in fig. 6, the device includes:
the first processing module 31 is configured to wake up from the PSM state after the first timer expires, determine whether a network signal is detected, and enter an idle state to start paging if the network signal is detected;
the second processing module 32 is configured to enter an active state after detecting a communication instruction from a base station, and send monitoring data to the base station, where the base station is located in an unmanned aerial vehicle;
the third processing module 33 is configured to return to an idle state and start the second timer after data transmission is finished, and enter a PSM state and start the first timer after the second timer is overtime.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:
and the initialization module is used for determining the initial duration of the first timer and the second timer according to the time required by the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly to the area to be patrolled and examined from the departure time.
In some embodiments, after entering the active state, the apparatus further comprises:
and the receiving module is used for receiving a timer updating instruction of the base station and updating the duration of the first timer and the duration of the second timer according to the timer updating instruction.
In some embodiments, the second processing module is specifically configured to send, to the base station, an authentication request carrying identification information of the terminal device to be detected; and after receiving the authentication response of the base station, establishing communication with the base station and sending the monitoring data to the base station.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:
and the setting module is used for setting a third timer if the network signal is not detected after the PSM state is awakened, and detecting the network signal by taking the duration of the third timer as a period.
In some embodiments, the base station and the terminal device to be detected communicate through NB-IoT technology.
In this embodiment, unmanned aerial vehicle carries small-size basic station for waiting to patrol and examine the regional network coverage that provides the mobility, wait to detect terminal equipment and unmanned aerial vehicle's basic station and communicate through NB-IoT technique, switch between PSM state, paging and activation state, maintain and update relevant timer based on unmanned aerial vehicle basic station's instruction, only get into paging and activation state and communicate in patrolling and examining the cycle, the non-period of patrolling and examining all is in the sleep state, can reduce the power consumption that waits to detect terminal equipment, the extension waits to detect terminal equipment's battery life. By the technical scheme, regional network coverage service is provided for areas with insufficient network coverage and poor signal quality, such as remote areas, a base station is not required to be specially deployed, and the method has real-time mobility, flexibly and inexpensively solves the problem of regional communication; according to the technical scheme, the terminal device to be detected does not need to be in real-time communication with the operation and maintenance platform, data transmission is completed between the terminal device to be detected and the base station of the unmanned aerial vehicle through a low-power-consumption communication technology, the timer is updated by receiving and sending instructions in the interaction process, and the low-power-consumption requirement is met by properly switching the terminal device to be detected between different states.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is applied to a base station, where the base station is located on the unmanned aerial vehicle and is configured to obtain monitoring data of a terminal device to be detected in an area to be inspected, as shown in fig. 7, where the device includes:
and the receiving module 41 is configured to establish communication with the terminal device to be detected after entering the area to be inspected, and receive monitoring data sent by the terminal device to be detected.
The base station is the access network terminal equipment to be detected.
In some embodiments, the receiving module is specifically configured to receive an authentication request of the terminal device to be detected, where the authentication request carries identification information of the terminal device to be detected; and authenticating the terminal equipment to be detected according to the identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected, and establishing communication with the terminal equipment to be detected after the authentication is passed.
In some embodiments, after establishing communication with the terminal device to be detected, the apparatus further includes:
and the sending module is used for sending a timer updating instruction to the terminal equipment to be detected and indicating to update the duration of the first timer and the second timer.
In some embodiments, after receiving the monitoring data sent by the terminal device to be detected, the apparatus further includes a processing module, configured to execute any one of:
sending the received monitoring data to a blind-repairing base station, wherein the blind-repairing base station can communicate with a core network;
sending the received monitoring data to a satellite, wherein the satellite can communicate with a core network;
sending the received monitoring data to an unmanned aerial vehicle server through an unmanned aerial vehicle data link, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle server can communicate with a core network;
and storing the received monitoring data in the memory card.
In some embodiments, the base station and the terminal device to be detected communicate through NB-IoT technology.
In this embodiment, unmanned aerial vehicle carries small-size basic station for waiting to patrol and examine the regional network coverage that provides the mobility, wait to detect terminal equipment and unmanned aerial vehicle's basic station and communicate through NB-IoT technique, switch between PSM state, paging and activation state, maintain and update relevant timer based on unmanned aerial vehicle basic station's instruction, only get into paging and activation state and communicate in patrolling and examining the cycle, the non-period of patrolling and examining all is in the sleep state, can reduce the power consumption that waits to detect terminal equipment, the extension waits to detect terminal equipment's battery life. By the technical scheme, regional network coverage service is provided for areas with insufficient network coverage and poor signal quality, such as remote areas, a base station is not required to be specially deployed, and the method has real-time mobility, flexibly and inexpensively solves the problem of regional communication; according to the technical scheme, the terminal device to be detected does not need to be in real-time communication with the operation and maintenance platform, data transmission is completed between the terminal device to be detected and the base station of the unmanned aerial vehicle through a low-power-consumption communication technology, the timer is updated by receiving and sending instructions in the interaction process, and the low-power-consumption requirement is met by properly switching the terminal device to be detected between different states.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication apparatus based on a drone, as shown in fig. 8, including a memory 51, a processor 52, and a computer program stored on the memory 51 and executable on the processor 52; when the processor executes the program, the communication method based on the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the embodiment is implemented, and details are not repeated here.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps in the drone-based communication method as described above.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape disk storage or other magnetic storage terminal devices to be detected, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computer terminal device to be detected. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. The communication method based on the unmanned aerial vehicle is characterized by being applied to terminal equipment to be detected in an area to be inspected, and comprises the following steps:
after the first timer is overtime, awakening from the PSM state, judging whether a network signal is detected, and entering an idle state to start paging if the network signal is detected;
entering an activated state after detecting a communication instruction from a base station, and sending monitoring data to the base station, wherein the base station is located in an unmanned aerial vehicle;
and after the data transmission is finished, returning to an idle state and starting a second timer, entering a PSM state after the second timer is overtime, and starting the first timer.
2. The drone-based communication method of claim 1, further comprising:
and determining the initial duration of the first timer and the second timer according to the time required by the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly to the area to be patrolled and examined from the departure time.
3. The drone-based communication method of claim 1, wherein upon entering the active state, the method further comprises:
and receiving a timer updating instruction of the base station, and updating the duration of the first timer and the second timer according to the timer updating instruction.
4. The drone-based communication method of claim 1, wherein the sending monitoring data to the base station comprises:
sending an authentication request carrying the identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected to the base station;
and after receiving the authentication response of the base station, establishing communication with the base station and sending the monitoring data to the base station.
5. The drone-based communication method of claim 1, further comprising:
and if the network signal is not detected after awakening from the PSM state, setting a third timer, and detecting the network signal by taking the duration of the third timer as a period.
6. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based communication method of claim 1, wherein the base station and the terminal device to be detected communicate via NB-IoT technology.
7. The communication method based on the unmanned aerial vehicle is characterized by being applied to a base station, wherein the base station is positioned on the unmanned aerial vehicle and is used for acquiring monitoring data of terminal equipment to be detected in an area to be inspected, and the method comprises the following steps:
and after entering the area to be inspected, establishing communication with the terminal equipment to be inspected, and receiving monitoring data sent by the terminal equipment to be inspected.
8. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based communication method of claim 7, wherein the establishing communication with the terminal device to be detected comprises:
receiving an authentication request of the terminal equipment to be detected, wherein the authentication request carries identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected;
and authenticating the terminal equipment to be detected according to the identification information of the terminal equipment to be detected, and establishing communication with the terminal equipment to be detected after the authentication is passed.
9. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based communication method of claim 7, wherein after establishing communication with the terminal device to be detected, the method further comprises:
and sending a timer updating instruction to the terminal equipment to be detected, and indicating to update the duration of the first timer and the second timer.
10. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based communication method according to claim 7, wherein after receiving the monitoring data sent by the terminal device to be detected, the method further comprises any one of the following:
sending the received monitoring data to a blind-repairing base station, wherein the blind-repairing base station can communicate with a core network;
sending the received monitoring data to a satellite, wherein the satellite can communicate with a core network;
sending the received monitoring data to an unmanned aerial vehicle server through an unmanned aerial vehicle data link, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle server can communicate with a core network;
and storing the received monitoring data in the memory card.
11. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based communication method of claim 7, wherein the base station and the terminal device to be detected communicate through NB-IoT technology.
12. The utility model provides a communication device based on unmanned aerial vehicle, its characterized in that is applied to and waits to examine the terminal equipment that detects in the region, the device includes:
the first processing module is used for waking up from a PSM state after the first timer is overtime, judging whether a network signal is detected or not, and entering an idle state to start paging if the network signal is detected;
the second processing module is used for entering an activated state after detecting a communication instruction from a base station and sending monitoring data to the base station, and the base station is positioned on the unmanned aerial vehicle;
and the third processing module is used for returning to an idle state and starting a second timer after data transmission is finished, entering a PSM state after the second timer is overtime, and starting the first timer.
13. The utility model provides a communication device based on unmanned aerial vehicle, its characterized in that is applied to the basic station, the basic station is located unmanned aerial vehicle for acquire the monitoring data who waits to detect terminal equipment in the region of patrolling and examining, the device includes:
and the receiving module is used for establishing communication with the terminal equipment to be detected after entering the area to be inspected and receiving the monitoring data sent by the terminal equipment to be detected.
14. A drone-based communication device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor; characterized in that the processor, when executing the program, implements the drone-based communication method of any one of claims 1-11.
15. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the drone-based communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
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