CN114079517B - Antenna calibration method, device and control equipment - Google Patents
Antenna calibration method, device and control equipment Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
- H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
- H04B17/12—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of the amplitude or phase
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
- H04B17/21—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements
Abstract
The invention provides an antenna calibration method, a device and control equipment, wherein the antenna calibration method is applied to a remote radio unit RRU or an indoor baseband processing unit BBU to which an antenna to be calibrated belongs, and comprises the following steps: selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of an antenna to be calibrated, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; according to the calibration type, when determining that calibration number information needs to be sent to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs, sending the calibration number information; and controlling the antenna to be calibrated to send a calibration signal to the receiving antenna according to the allocated calibration sequence. According to the scheme, the generation modes of the antenna calibration sequences in the nodes and among the nodes are unified, the selection range of the calibration sequences is limited, and a cross-frame transmission scheme of the calibration signals is provided, so that the accuracy of the calibration of the distributed large-scale multi-antenna system is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a control device for antenna calibration.
Background
Errors exist in signal transceiving among all antennas in the distributed large-scale multi-antenna system, so that signal transmission matching performance is destroyed, and beam forming effect is affected. Therefore, it is very necessary to calibrate distributed mass antennas periodically.
In antenna calibration, a calibration signal needs to be transmitted between a reference antenna and an antenna to be calibrated in order to acquire calibration parameters by coherent detection. On the other hand, in order to improve the calibration efficiency, a plurality of antennas may transmit calibration signals at the same time, and thus, it is necessary to design mutual interference of the calibration signals and a corresponding calibration sequence.
The design of existing calibration sequences can be largely divided into two main categories: one is to calibrate with basic calibration sequences, i.e. to calibrate with already formed code words, such as to select by generating calibration sequences of different lengths by cycling the code words; the other is the calibration sequence derived from the basic calibration sequence, i.e., some orthogonality is sacrificed to achieve greater robustness by modifying the already formed codeword, such as modifying the Walsh sequence part structure.
After determining the calibration sequence, it is usually done once in a certain time slot of the same frame when it is transmitted as a calibration signal between the reference antenna and the antenna to be calibrated. Most schemes for selecting slots are schemes for performing sequence transmission and reception at guard intervals, and also for performing calibration using time-frequency resources of pilot positions and the like. In addition, most of the existing technical solutions are directed to centralized multi-antenna calibration, and in order to avoid interference, the transmission of calibration signals needs to satisfy the characteristics of orthogonality or quasi-orthogonality.
That is, the existing calibration sequence design and calibration signal transmission are mainly applicable to a scenario where the calibration antennas are relatively concentrated. If the method is applied to a distributed large-scale multi-antenna system, because the nodes in the distributed large-scale multi-antenna system have the characteristics of dispersibility, long distance among the nodes and the like, a unified sequence design scheme is difficult to form among the distributed nodes, and when the large-scale multi-antenna system is calibrated, the compromise between the orthogonality of a calibration sequence and the multiplexing rate needs to be further studied.
Meanwhile, the existing method for transmitting calibration signals in a single frame time slot cannot meet the calibration requirement of a distributed multi-antenna system, and considering that the distance between distributed nodes is far, the signal transmission time delay is increased, and the 5G frame structure designs a shorter time slot for ensuring low time delay, the calibration of the antennas between nodes is difficult to be completed in a single frame, so that the complete receiving and transmitting mode of the calibration signals of the antennas between nodes is necessary to be studied.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method, a device and control equipment for antenna calibration, which are used for solving the problem that the calibration sequence design and calibration signal transmission in the prior art cannot meet the calibration requirement of a distributed multi-antenna system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for antenna calibration, applied to a remote radio unit (Remote Radio Unit, RRU for short) or an indoor baseband processing unit (Building Baseband Unit, BBU for short), comprising:
selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of an antenna to be calibrated, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated;
according to the calibration type, when determining that calibration number information needs to be sent to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs, sending the calibration number information; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal;
controlling the antenna to be calibrated to send a calibration signal to the receiving antenna according to the allocated calibration sequence;
wherein the calibration sequence pool is generated by a basic calibration sequence according to the number of antennas to be calibrated.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
selecting a basic calibration sequence;
determining a calibration sequence length according to the basic calibration sequence and the number of the antennas to be calibrated;
According to different generation modes of the calibration sequences, respectively generating a plurality of calibration sequence sets through the basic calibration sequences; each calibration sequence set includes a plurality of calibration sequences having the calibration sequence length;
determining that a plurality of the calibration sequence sets are combined to form the calibration sequence pool.
Optionally, the number of the antennas to be calibrated is the total number of the antennas to be calibrated, which need to be calibrated simultaneously in the nodes and among the nodes in the antenna system.
Optionally, the calibration type includes an antenna calibration within a node and an antenna calibration between nodes.
Optionally, when the calibration type is the calibration of the antenna in the node, the selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of the antenna to be calibrated, and allocating the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated includes:
labeling all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated simultaneously;
and selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence used for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated.
Optionally, when the calibration type is antenna calibration between nodes, the selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of an antenna to be calibrated, and allocating the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated includes:
Marking all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated simultaneously, and determining a distance threshold according to preset power; the preset power is the transmitting power of the antenna to be calibrated;
judging whether the distance between the nodes of the antenna to be calibrated exceeds the distance threshold value;
when the judgment result is yes, selecting a plurality of calibration sequence sets from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from the plurality of calibration sequence sets, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; otherwise, selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for calibrating an antenna, applied to an RRU to which a receiving antenna belongs, including:
acquiring calibration number information; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal;
receiving a calibration signal according to the calibration number information, and judging whether the calibration signal is received completely or not;
If the receiving is completed, demodulating the calibration signal to obtain the calibration parameters of the antenna to be calibrated corresponding to the calibration signal;
the calibration parameters are used for calibrating the antenna to be calibrated.
Optionally, the receiving the calibration signal according to the calibration number information and determining whether the calibration signal is received completely includes:
reading a first calibration sequence corresponding to the calibration number information according to the calibration number information, and calculating the calibration signal length of a calibration signal corresponding to the first calibration sequence;
and when the number of frames of the received calibration signal is greater than the length of the calibration signal, determining that the calibration signal is received.
Optionally, the calibration signal length is calculated according to a first time slot length available for transmitting the calibration signal in each frame and a second time slot length required to be occupied by the calibration signal when transmitting.
Optionally, the calibration signal length is obtained by performing a round-up calculation on a ratio of the second slot length to the first slot length.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for antenna calibration, applied to an RRU or BBU to which an antenna to be calibrated belongs, comprising:
The sequence allocation module is used for selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of the antenna to be calibrated and allocating the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated;
the information sending module is used for sending the calibration number information when determining that the calibration number information needs to be sent to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs according to the calibration type; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal;
the transmitting control module is used for controlling the antenna to be calibrated to transmit a calibration signal to the receiving antenna according to the allocated calibration sequence;
wherein the calibration sequence pool is generated by a basic calibration sequence according to the number of antennas to be calibrated.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for antenna calibration, applied to an RRU to which a receiving antenna belongs, including:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring calibration number information; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal;
the signal receiving module is used for receiving the calibration signal according to the calibration number information and judging whether the calibration signal is received completely or not;
The signal demodulation module is used for demodulating the calibration signal if the receiving is completed to obtain the calibration parameter of the antenna to be calibrated corresponding to the calibration signal;
the calibration parameters are used for calibrating the antenna to be calibrated.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control apparatus including a memory, a processor, and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor; the processor, when executing the program, implements a method of antenna calibration as described above.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the scheme provides a method which is more suitable for antenna calibration of a distributed large-scale multi-antenna system, relates to a method for generating and sending calibration signals, unifies the generation modes of antenna calibration sequences in nodes and among nodes, and defines the selection range of the calibration sequences of hierarchical calibration by defining different sets of the calibration sequences; on the basis, a cross-frame transmission scheme of the calibration signal is further designed, and the accuracy of the calibration of the distributed large-scale multi-antenna system is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows one of schematic diagrams of a method for calibrating an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of a method for calibrating an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows one of schematic diagrams of an apparatus for antenna calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic diagram of an antenna calibration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a calibration sequence set generation flow provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between a calibration sequence pool and a calibration sequence set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing one of a cross-frame transmission flow chart of a calibration signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating calibration signal division during cross-frame transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a second cross-frame transmission flow chart of the calibration signal according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments thereof in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
Aiming at the problem that the calibration sequence design and the calibration signal transmission in the prior art cannot meet the calibration requirement of a distributed multi-antenna system, the invention provides an antenna calibration method, an antenna calibration device and control equipment.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calibrating an antenna, which is applied to a remote radio unit RRU or an indoor baseband processing unit BBU to which an antenna to be calibrated belongs, and includes:
S11: selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of an antenna to be calibrated, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated;
wherein the calibration sequence pool is generated by a basic calibration sequence according to the number of antennas to be calibrated. In short, a basic calibration sequence may be selected first, then the calibration sequence length is determined according to the basic calibration sequence and the number of antennas to be calibrated, a plurality of calibration sequences with the calibration sequence length are generated through the basic calibration sequence, and a calibration sequence set may be formed by a plurality of calibration sequences; according to this method, a plurality of calibration sequence sets may be generated by re-selecting the base calibration sequence; the calibration sequences are grouped together to form a pool of calibration sequences.
S12: according to the calibration type, when determining that calibration number information needs to be sent to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs, sending the calibration number information; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal.
It should be noted that, after the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs obtains the calibration number information, the calibration sequence set number and the calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal may be obtained according to the calibration number information, so as to distinguish the received calibration signals.
S13: and controlling the antenna to be calibrated to send a calibration signal to the receiving antenna according to the allocated calibration sequence.
As shown in fig. 7, when transmitting the calibration signal, the total frame number (i.e., the length of the calibration signal) required for transmitting the calibration signal may be calculated first, and then the frame number is initialized to start transmitting the calibration signal.
It will be appreciated that, after the receiving antenna receives the calibration signal, the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs demodulates the calibration signal, so as to obtain calibration parameters (such as amplitude, phase, etc.), and the calibration parameters may be used to adjust the antenna to be calibrated.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
selecting a basic calibration sequence;
determining a calibration sequence length according to the basic calibration sequence and the number of the antennas to be calibrated; optionally, the number of the antennas to be calibrated is the total number of the antennas to be calibrated, which need to be calibrated simultaneously in the nodes and among the nodes in the antenna system;
according to different generation modes of the calibration sequences, respectively generating a plurality of calibration sequence sets through the basic calibration sequences; each calibration sequence set includes a plurality of calibration sequences having the calibration sequence length;
determining that a plurality of the calibration sequence sets are combined to form the calibration sequence pool.
In particular, as shown in fig. 5-6, according to the method for calibrating an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present invention, the calibration sequence set and the calibration sequence pool may be generated according to the following steps:
selecting a basic calibration sequence adopted by the calibration sequence;
determining the minimum reasonable value of the length of the calibration sequence according to the basic calibration sequence and the maximum number of antennas which need to be calibrated simultaneously in and among nodes of the distributed multi-antenna system, and taking the minimum reasonable value as the length of the calibration sequence;
randomly selecting a calibration sequence generation mode, generating a group of calibration sequences according to the calibration sequence generation mode, and combining the group of calibration sequences to form a calibration sequence set;
according to the method, a basic calibration sequence is reselected, and a plurality of calibration sequence sets are obtained according to different calibration sequence generation modes; combining a plurality of the calibration sequence sets into the calibration sequence pool.
It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention proposes a concept of a calibration sequence set and a calibration sequence pool, so as to implement range discrimination for the selection of calibration signals of antennas in nodes and between nodes in a classification manner. By the method, orthogonality of the calibration signals transmitted simultaneously can be met, and the multiplexing coefficient of the calibration sequence can be improved, so that the requirement of basic calibration sequence resources is reduced.
Optionally, the calibration type includes an antenna calibration within a node and an antenna calibration between nodes.
That is, considering that the distance between the antennas to be calibrated has a certain influence on the calibration, the embodiment of the invention can select a more appropriate mode to calibrate the antennas according to the relationship between the antennas to be calibrated, that is, whether the antennas to be calibrated belong to the same node or are distributed in different nodes, and the distance between the antennas to be calibrated.
When the calibration is performed in the node, the calibration number information is read from the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs; before the inter-node calibration starts, the BBU needs to send the calibration sequence set number and the calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs, and the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs acquires the calibration sequence to be received according to the received number.
And the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs demodulates the received calibration signal according to the acquired calibration sequence to be received to obtain corresponding calibration parameters.
Optionally, when the calibration type is the calibration of the antenna in the node, the selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of the antenna to be calibrated, and allocating the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated includes:
Labeling all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated simultaneously;
and selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence used for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated.
That is, antenna calibration within a distributed node may be performed as follows: labeling the antenna to be calibrated, which needs to send calibration signals at the same time; and selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, and randomly selecting different calibration sequences from the calibration sequence set to be allocated to the antenna to be calibrated for generating a calibration signal to transmit.
Specifically, the following describes how to implement antenna calibration in a node, taking a sequence ZC (Zadoff-chu) sequence sent by a communication signal as an example:
generating a ZC sequence set: assuming that the number of the maximum antennas to be calibrated is M, the length of the calibration sequence is N= { minN|N>M, N is prime number }, and randomly selecting a root sequence r= { r|r }<N, substituting the N into the first formula to obtain N-1 ZC calibration sequences to form a calibration sequence set X r ；
Wherein, the first formula is:
where k=0, 1, … …, N-1.
Assuming that all antennas to be calibrated are divided into K groups, the number of each group of antennas is m, and the same group of antennas simultaneously transmit calibration signals to perform antenna calibration, the specific steps are as follows:
firstly, numbering all antennas to be calibrated, and respectively marking the numbers of the k group of antennas to be calibrated as A k,1 ,A k,2 ,A k,3 ……A k,m (wherein k=1, 2, … … K);
in the calibration sequence set X 1 Randomly selecting m calibration sequences and marking the m calibration sequences as s 1 ,s 2 ,s 3 ……s m Will s 1 Assigned to A k,1 ，s 2 Assigned to A k,2 And so on … … will s m Is distributed to A k,m (k＝1,2,……K)；
And when calibration starts, controlling the antennas to be calibrated in the same group to simultaneously send calibration signals to the receiving antennas, wherein the calibration signals are generated according to the calibration sequences.
It should be noted that, after the receiving antenna receives the calibration signal, the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs may demodulate the calibration signal to obtain a calibration parameter of the antenna to be calibrated corresponding to the calibration signal, and calibrate the antenna to be calibrated according to the calibration parameter.
Optionally, when the calibration type is antenna calibration between nodes, the selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of an antenna to be calibrated, and allocating the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated includes:
Marking all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated simultaneously, and determining a distance threshold according to preset power; the preset power is the transmitting power of the antenna to be calibrated;
judging whether the distance between the nodes of the antenna to be calibrated exceeds the distance threshold value;
when the judgment result is yes, selecting a plurality of calibration sequence sets from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from the plurality of calibration sequence sets, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; otherwise, selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated.
That is, the calibration sequence allocation among the distributed nodes may be performed as follows:
marking antennas to be calibrated, which need to transmit calibration signals at the same time, and determining a distance threshold between nodes according to preset power P; a calibration sequence is selected based on the distance threshold. Specifically, if the distance between the nodes to which the antennas transmitting the calibration signals simultaneously belong exceeds a distance threshold, randomly selecting a calibration sequence from a calibration sequence pool, and allocating the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated, so as to generate the calibration signals for transmission; otherwise, randomly selecting a calibration sequence from a certain calibration sequence set to be allocated to the antenna to be calibrated, and generating a calibration signal for transmission.
Aiming at the antenna calibration among the nodes, the embodiment of the invention introduces a calculation mode of a distance threshold related to the transmitting power of the antenna, and can realize the self-adaptive selection of the calibration signal among the nodes by adjusting the distance threshold; on the premise of ensuring the antenna calibration performance, the flexibility of the system is improved.
Specifically, taking Gold codes as an example, how to implement the allocation of calibration sequences between nodes is described below:
generating a Gold sequence set: assuming that the number of the maximum antennas to be calibrated is M, the length of the calibration sequence is N= { minN|N (N+2)>M,N＝2 n -1, n is a positive integer }, x is randomly chosen among the corresponding feasible primitive polynomials 1 And x 2 Respectively generating sequences x 1,1 And x 2,1 Generating sequence x by recirculation shift 1,2 ，x 1,3 ，x 1,4 ……x 1,N ；x 2,2 ，x 2,3 ，x 2,4 ……x 2,N Will x 1,1 And x 2,1 The cyclic shift is added to obtain N sequences, respectively x 3,1 ,x 4,1 ……x N+2,1 Generating { x } from the N sequences cyclic shifts k,q I (k=3, … … n+2, q=2, 3 … … N) }, from which a Gold code calibration sequence set X is formed containing N (n+2) calibration sequences 2 ；
The antennas to be calibrated which are calibrated among nodes are divided into K groups for calibration, the number of the antennas to be calibrated is m, and the antennas to be calibrated in the same group are calibrated at the same time:
in a first step, the distances between the nodes are calculated to determine the selection range (free space model) of the calibration sequence, according to one embodiment of the invention, the following steps are performed:
First, assume that there is a group of antennas to be calibrated simultaneously, and the antennas to be calibrated in the group are respectively labeled: a is that 1 ,A 2 ,A 3 ……A m ；
Then, randomly selecting a calibration sequence set S, and sequentially selecting the antennas A to be calibrated in the group according to the label sequence of the antennas to be calibrated i (i=1, 2,3 … … m) and a j Calculating the distance threshold between (j=1, 2,3 … … m; j+.i) to obtain A i And A j Distance threshold D corresponding to the distance between the two i,j The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein A is j May be randomly selected;
finally, with A i The node and A j Distance between the nodes and D i,j Comparing, and selecting a calibration sequence for distribution according to a comparison result;
specifically, if A i The node and each A j The distance between all the nodes is greater than the distance threshold D i,j Then A i May be randomly selected from different sets of calibration sequences in a pool of calibration sequences; if A i The node and a certain A j The distance between the nodes is less than or equal to the distance threshold D i,j Then A i Is randomly selected from the selected set of S calibration sequences.
It should be noted that it is assumed that antenna a is to be calibrated i And A j The transmission power of (a) is P respectively i And P j Then can be according to P i And P j Determination of A i And A j Distance threshold D corresponding to the distance between the two i,j The specific calculation process is as follows:
first, assume that antenna A is to be calibrated i And A j The transmission power of (a) is P respectively i And P j ，L i And L j Is the path loss in dB, f i And f j In order to be a frequency of the light,and->The minimum signal power required for calibration of the receiving node set for the system can be calculated to obtain A according to the following formula i And A j Is of (1)Maximum reachable distance d of quasi signal i And d j ：
L i ＝32.5+20lgf i +lgd i
L j ＝32.5+20lgf j +lgd j
Then A i And A j Distance threshold D between i,j Can be calculated according to the following formula:
D i,j ＝d i +d j
secondly, the BBU transmits calibration number information corresponding to the calibration signal to be transmitted to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs;
and thirdly, controlling the antenna to be calibrated to send a calibration signal to the receiving antenna, wherein the calibration signal is generated according to the calibration sequence.
It should be noted that, the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs acquires the calibration sequence to be received according to the received calibration number information; and demodulating the received calibration signal according to the acquired calibration sequence to be received to obtain corresponding calibration parameters.
The method provided by the invention can be applied to a distributed large-scale multi-antenna system, for the calibration of the antennas in the nodes, the antennas in the nodes are grouped and sequentially transmitted according to the time sequence, and the antennas for transmitting the calibration signals simultaneously select the calibration sequences in the same calibration sequence set; for antenna calibration among nodes, sequentially transmitting according to time sequence, and respectively selecting calibration sequences from the same calibration sequence set or calibration sequence pool according to different relations between antennas for transmitting calibration signals simultaneously; the receiving end calculates the frame number (namely the length of the calibration signal) required by the complete transmission of the calibration signal according to the time slot length capable of transmitting the calibration signal in each frame, and demodulates and calculates the calibration parameters of the corresponding antenna through corresponding transmission calibration sequence information after the receiving antenna receives the complete calibration signal.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method which is more suitable for antenna calibration of a distributed large-scale multi-antenna system, relates to a method for generating and sending calibration signals, unifies the generation modes of antenna calibration sequences in nodes and among nodes, and defines the selection range of the calibration sequences of layered calibration by defining different sets of the calibration sequences; on the basis, a cross-frame transmission scheme of the calibration signal is further designed, and the accuracy of the calibration of the distributed large-scale multi-antenna system is ensured.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for calibrating an antenna, which is applied to an RRU to which a receiving antenna belongs, including:
s21: acquiring calibration number information; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal.
It should be noted that, when the calibration type is the antenna calibration in the node, the calibration number information is read from the RRU; and when the calibration type is antenna calibration among nodes, receiving calibration number information sent by the BBU.
S22: receiving a calibration signal according to the calibration number information, and judging whether the calibration signal is received completely or not;
s23: if the receiving is completed, demodulating the calibration signal to obtain the calibration parameters of the antenna to be calibrated corresponding to the calibration signal;
The calibration parameters are used for calibrating the antenna to be calibrated.
Optionally, the receiving the calibration signal according to the calibration number information and determining whether the calibration signal is received completely includes:
reading a first calibration sequence corresponding to the calibration number information according to the calibration number information, and calculating the calibration signal length of a calibration signal corresponding to the first calibration sequence;
and when the number of frames of the received calibration signal is greater than the length of the calibration signal, determining that the calibration signal is received.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, a cross-frame transmission scheme of a calibration signal is provided for the case that the time slot design in the future wireless communication frame structure is shortened, and the calibration signal transmission may not be completed in a single frame. As shown in fig. 9, the receiving end may determine whether to complete the receiving according to the length of the calibration signal, and demodulate the calibration signal when the receiving of the calibration signal is completed, to obtain the calibration parameter. By the method, the integrity of the antenna calibration receiving and transmitting signals among the distributed nodes can be effectively ensured, and good calibration performance is ensured.
Optionally, the calibration signal length is calculated according to a first time slot length available for transmitting the calibration signal in each frame and a second time slot length required to be occupied by the calibration signal when transmitting.
That is, the length of the calibration signal is the number of frames required for transmitting the calibration signal, and can be used to determine whether the calibration signal is received.
Optionally, the calibration signal length is obtained by performing a round-up calculation on a ratio of the second slot length to the first slot length.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, assuming that the time slot length available for transmitting the calibration signal in each frame is T and the time slot length to be occupied by the calibration signal to be transmitted is T, performing an upward rounding operation on T and T to obtain the calibration signal length L, i.e.That is, L frames are required for completing the transmission of the calibration signal, wherein the whole duration of the calibration time slot of the previous L-1 frame is used for transmitting the calibration signal, and the calibration time slot of the L th frame is used for transmitting the remaining length of the calibration signal.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method which is more suitable for antenna calibration of a distributed large-scale multi-antenna system, relates to a method for generating and sending calibration signals, unifies the generation modes of antenna calibration sequences in nodes and among nodes, and defines the selection range of the calibration sequences of layered calibration by defining different sets of the calibration sequences; on the basis, a cross-frame transmission scheme of the calibration signal is further designed, and the accuracy of the calibration of the distributed large-scale multi-antenna system is ensured.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an antenna calibration device, which is applied to an RRU or a BBU to which an antenna to be calibrated belongs, including:
a sequence allocation module 31, configured to select a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to a calibration type of an antenna to be calibrated, and allocate the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated;
an information sending module 32, configured to send calibration number information when it is determined that the calibration number information needs to be sent to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs according to the calibration type; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal;
a transmission control module 33, configured to control the antenna to be calibrated to transmit a calibration signal to the receiving antenna according to the allocated calibration sequence;
wherein the calibration sequence pool is generated by a basic calibration sequence according to the number of antennas to be calibrated.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
a first selection module for selecting a base calibration sequence;
the length determining module is used for determining the length of the calibration sequence according to the basic calibration sequence and the number of the antennas to be calibrated;
The first generation module is used for respectively generating a plurality of calibration sequence sets through the basic calibration sequence according to different generation modes of the calibration sequence; each calibration sequence set includes a plurality of calibration sequences having the calibration sequence length;
and the second generation module is used for determining that a plurality of calibration sequence sets are combined to form the calibration sequence pool.
Optionally, the number of the antennas to be calibrated is the total number of the antennas to be calibrated, which need to be calibrated simultaneously in the nodes and among the nodes in the antenna system.
Optionally, the calibration type includes an antenna calibration within a node and an antenna calibration between nodes.
Optionally, when the calibration type is antenna calibration within a node, the sequence allocation module 31 includes:
the first marking unit is used for marking all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated at the same time;
a first selection unit, configured to select a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, select a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from the calibration sequence set, and allocate the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated.
Optionally, when the calibration type is antenna calibration between nodes, the sequence allocation module 31 includes:
The second marking unit is used for marking all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated at the same time, and determining a distance threshold according to preset power; the preset power is the transmitting power of the antenna to be calibrated;
a distance judging unit, configured to judge whether a distance between nodes to which the antenna to be calibrated belongs exceeds the distance threshold;
a second selecting unit, configured to select a plurality of calibration sequence sets from the calibration sequence pool when the determination result is yes, select a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from the plurality of calibration sequence sets, and allocate the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; otherwise, selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an antenna calibration apparatus, which is applied to an RRU to which a receiving antenna belongs, including:
an information acquisition module 41 for acquiring calibration number information; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal;
A signal receiving module 42, configured to receive a calibration signal according to the calibration number information, and determine whether the calibration signal is received;
the signal demodulation module 43 is configured to demodulate the calibration signal to obtain a calibration parameter of the antenna to be calibrated corresponding to the calibration signal if the receiving is completed;
the calibration parameters are used for calibrating the antenna to be calibrated.
Optionally, the signal receiving module 42 includes:
the length calculation unit is used for reading a first calibration sequence corresponding to the calibration number information according to the calibration number information and calculating the calibration signal length of a calibration signal corresponding to the first calibration sequence;
and the determining result unit is used for determining that the calibration signal is received completely when the number of frames of the received calibration signal is larger than the length of the calibration signal.
Optionally, the calibration signal length is calculated according to a first time slot length available for transmitting the calibration signal in each frame and a second time slot length required to be occupied by the calibration signal when transmitting.
Optionally, the calibration signal length is obtained by performing a round-up calculation on a ratio of the second slot length to the first slot length.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control device which comprises a memory, a processor and a program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor; the processor, when executing the program, implements a method of antenna calibration as described above.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and changes are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
A1. The method for calibrating the antenna is applied to a remote radio unit RRU or an indoor baseband processing unit BBU to which the antenna to be calibrated belongs, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of an antenna to be calibrated, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated;
according to the calibration type, when determining that calibration number information needs to be sent to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs, sending the calibration number information; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal;
Controlling the antenna to be calibrated to send a calibration signal to the receiving antenna according to the allocated calibration sequence;
wherein the calibration sequence pool is generated by a basic calibration sequence according to the number of antennas to be calibrated.
A2. The method of antenna calibration of claim A1, further comprising:
selecting a basic calibration sequence;
determining a calibration sequence length according to the basic calibration sequence and the number of the antennas to be calibrated;
according to different generation modes of the calibration sequences, respectively generating a plurality of calibration sequence sets through the basic calibration sequences; each calibration sequence set includes a plurality of calibration sequences having the calibration sequence length;
determining that a plurality of the calibration sequence sets are combined to form the calibration sequence pool.
A3. The method according to claim A2, wherein the number of antennas to be calibrated is the total number of antennas to be calibrated in the antenna system that need to be calibrated simultaneously in and between nodes.
A4. The method of antenna calibration according to claim A1, wherein the calibration type comprises intra-node antenna calibration and inter-node antenna calibration.
A5. The method according to claim A4, wherein when the calibration type is an antenna calibration within a node, the selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of an antenna to be calibrated, and assigning the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated, comprises:
labeling all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated simultaneously;
and selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence used for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated.
A6. The method according to claim A4, wherein when the calibration type is an inter-node antenna calibration, the selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to a calibration type of an antenna to be calibrated, and assigning the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated, comprises:
marking all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated simultaneously, and determining a distance threshold according to preset power; the preset power is the transmitting power of the antenna to be calibrated;
Judging whether the distance between the nodes of the antenna to be calibrated exceeds the distance threshold value;
when the judgment result is yes, selecting a plurality of calibration sequence sets from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from the plurality of calibration sequence sets, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; otherwise, selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated.
B7. A method for calibrating an antenna, applied to an RRU to which a receiving antenna belongs, comprising:
acquiring calibration number information; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal;
receiving a calibration signal according to the calibration number information, and judging whether the calibration signal is received completely or not;
if the receiving is completed, demodulating the calibration signal to obtain the calibration parameters of the antenna to be calibrated corresponding to the calibration signal;
the calibration parameters are used for calibrating the antenna to be calibrated.
B8. The method of antenna calibration according to claim B7, wherein the receiving a calibration signal according to the calibration number information and determining whether the receiving of the calibration signal is completed comprises:
reading a first calibration sequence corresponding to the calibration number information according to the calibration number information, and calculating the calibration signal length of a calibration signal corresponding to the first calibration sequence;
and when the number of frames of the received calibration signal is greater than the length of the calibration signal, determining that the calibration signal is received.
B9. The method according to claim B8, wherein the calibration signal length is calculated from a first time slot length available for transmitting the calibration signal in each frame and a second time slot length that the calibration signal needs to occupy when transmitting.
B10. The method of antenna calibration according to claim B9, wherein the calibration signal length is obtained by a round-up calculation of a ratio of the second slot length to the first slot length.
C11. An antenna calibration device applied to an RRU or BBU to which an antenna to be calibrated belongs, comprising:
The sequence allocation module is used for selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of the antenna to be calibrated and allocating the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated;
the information sending module is used for sending the calibration number information when determining that the calibration number information needs to be sent to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs according to the calibration type; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal;
the transmitting control module is used for controlling the antenna to be calibrated to transmit a calibration signal to the receiving antenna according to the allocated calibration sequence;
wherein the calibration sequence pool is generated by a basic calibration sequence according to the number of antennas to be calibrated.
D12. An apparatus for calibrating an antenna, applied to an RRU to which a receiving antenna belongs, comprising:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring calibration number information; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal;
the signal receiving module is used for receiving the calibration signal according to the calibration number information and judging whether the calibration signal is received completely or not;
The signal demodulation module is used for demodulating the calibration signal if the receiving is completed to obtain the calibration parameter of the antenna to be calibrated corresponding to the calibration signal;
the calibration parameters are used for calibrating the antenna to be calibrated.
E13. A control device comprising a memory, a processor, and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor; method for antenna calibration according to any of the claims A1 to A6 or B7 to B10, characterized in that the processor, when executing the program, is implemented.
Claims (10)
1. The method for calibrating the antenna is applied to a remote radio unit RRU or an indoor baseband processing unit BBU to which the antenna to be calibrated belongs, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of an antenna to be calibrated, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; the calibration type comprises antenna calibration in nodes and antenna calibration among nodes;
according to the calibration type, when determining that calibration number information needs to be sent to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs, sending the calibration number information; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal;
Controlling the antenna to be calibrated to send a calibration signal to the receiving antenna according to the allocated calibration sequence;
wherein the calibration sequence pool is generated by a basic calibration sequence according to the number of the antennas to be calibrated;
the selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of the antenna to be calibrated, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated, including:
when the calibration type is the antenna calibration in the node, marking all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated simultaneously; selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated;
and
When the calibration type is antenna calibration among nodes, marking all antennas to be calibrated, which need to be calibrated at the same time, and determining a distance threshold according to preset power; the preset power is the transmitting power of the antenna to be calibrated;
judging whether the distance between the nodes of the antenna to be calibrated exceeds the distance threshold value;
When the judgment result is yes, selecting a plurality of calibration sequence sets from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from the plurality of calibration sequence sets, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; otherwise, selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated.
2. The method of antenna calibration of claim 1, further comprising:
selecting a basic calibration sequence;
determining a calibration sequence length according to the basic calibration sequence and the number of the antennas to be calibrated;
according to different generation modes of the calibration sequences, respectively generating a plurality of calibration sequence sets through the basic calibration sequences; each calibration sequence set includes a plurality of calibration sequences having the calibration sequence length;
determining that a plurality of the calibration sequence sets are combined to form the calibration sequence pool.
3. The method for calibrating antennas according to claim 2, wherein the number of antennas to be calibrated is the total number of antennas to be calibrated in the antenna system that need to be calibrated simultaneously in and between nodes.
4. A method for calibrating an antenna, applied to an RRU to which a receiving antenna belongs, comprising:
acquiring calibration number information, wherein the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to a calibration signal; the method comprises the steps that a remote radio unit RRU or an indoor baseband processing unit BBU to which an antenna to be calibrated belongs selects a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence set according to the calibration type of the antenna to be calibrated, and distributes the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; and according to the calibration type, when determining that the calibration number information needs to be sent to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs, sending the calibration number information; the calibration type comprises antenna calibration in nodes and antenna calibration among nodes;
receiving a calibration signal according to the calibration number information, and judging whether the calibration signal is received completely or not;
if the receiving is completed, demodulating the calibration signal to obtain the calibration parameters of the antenna to be calibrated corresponding to the calibration signal;
the calibration parameters are used for calibrating the antenna to be calibrated;
the remote radio unit RRU or the indoor baseband processing unit BBU to which the antenna to be calibrated belongs executes the following steps:
When the calibration type is the antenna calibration in the node, marking all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated simultaneously; selecting a calibration sequence set from a calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated;
and
When the calibration type is antenna calibration among nodes, marking all antennas to be calibrated, which need to be calibrated at the same time, and determining a distance threshold according to preset power; the preset power is the transmitting power of the antenna to be calibrated;
judging whether the distance between the nodes of the antenna to be calibrated exceeds the distance threshold value;
when the judgment result is yes, selecting a plurality of calibration sequence sets from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from the plurality of calibration sequence sets, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; otherwise, selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated.
5. The method of antenna calibration according to claim 4, wherein the receiving a calibration signal according to the calibration number information and judging whether the receiving of the calibration signal is completed comprises:
reading a first calibration sequence corresponding to the calibration number information according to the calibration number information, and calculating the calibration signal length of a calibration signal corresponding to the first calibration sequence;
and when the number of frames of the received calibration signal is greater than the length of the calibration signal, determining that the calibration signal is received.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the calibration signal length is calculated from a first time slot length available for transmitting the calibration signal in each frame and a second time slot length that the calibration signal needs to occupy when transmitting.
7. The method of antenna calibration according to claim 6, wherein the calibration signal length is obtained by rounding up the ratio of the second slot length to the first slot length.
8. An antenna calibration device applied to an RRU or BBU to which an antenna to be calibrated belongs, comprising:
The sequence allocation module is used for selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence pool according to the calibration type of the antenna to be calibrated and allocating the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; the calibration type comprises antenna calibration in nodes and antenna calibration among nodes;
the information sending module is used for sending the calibration number information when determining that the calibration number information needs to be sent to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs according to the calibration type; the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to the calibration signal;
the transmitting control module is used for controlling the antenna to be calibrated to transmit a calibration signal to the receiving antenna according to the allocated calibration sequence;
wherein the calibration sequence pool is generated by a basic calibration sequence according to the number of the antennas to be calibrated;
the sequence allocation module, when the calibration type is antenna calibration in a node, includes:
the first marking unit is used for marking all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated at the same time;
a first selecting unit, configured to select a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, select a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from the calibration sequence set, and allocate the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated;
When the calibration type is antenna calibration between nodes, the method comprises the following steps:
the second marking unit is used for marking all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated at the same time, and determining a distance threshold according to preset power; the preset power is the transmitting power of the antenna to be calibrated;
a distance judging unit, configured to judge whether a distance between nodes to which the antenna to be calibrated belongs exceeds the distance threshold;
a second selecting unit, configured to select a plurality of calibration sequence sets from the calibration sequence pool when the determination result is yes, select a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from the plurality of calibration sequence sets, and allocate the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; otherwise, selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated.
9. An apparatus for calibrating an antenna, applied to an RRU to which a receiving antenna belongs, comprising:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring calibration number information, wherein the calibration number information comprises a calibration sequence set number and a calibration sequence number corresponding to a calibration signal; the method comprises the steps that a remote radio unit RRU or an indoor baseband processing unit BBU to which an antenna to be calibrated belongs selects a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from a calibration sequence set according to the calibration type of the antenna to be calibrated, and distributes the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; and according to the calibration type, when determining that the calibration number information needs to be sent to the RRU to which the receiving antenna belongs, sending the calibration number information; the calibration type comprises antenna calibration in nodes and antenna calibration among nodes;
The signal receiving module is used for receiving the calibration signal according to the calibration number information and judging whether the calibration signal is received completely or not;
the signal demodulation module is used for demodulating the calibration signal if the receiving is completed to obtain the calibration parameter of the antenna to be calibrated corresponding to the calibration signal;
the calibration parameters are used for calibrating the antenna to be calibrated;
the remote radio unit RRU or the indoor baseband processing unit BBU to which the antenna to be calibrated belongs executes the following steps:
when the calibration type is the antenna calibration in the node, marking all antennas to be calibrated which need to be calibrated simultaneously; selecting a calibration sequence set from a calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated;
and
When the calibration type is antenna calibration among nodes, marking all antennas to be calibrated, which need to be calibrated at the same time, and determining a distance threshold according to preset power; the preset power is the transmitting power of the antenna to be calibrated;
judging whether the distance between the nodes of the antenna to be calibrated exceeds the distance threshold value;
When the judgment result is yes, selecting a plurality of calibration sequence sets from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal from the plurality of calibration sequence sets, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated; otherwise, selecting a calibration sequence set from the calibration sequence pool, selecting a calibration sequence for generating a calibration signal in the calibration sequence set, and distributing the calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated.
10. A control device comprising a memory, a processor, and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor; a method of antenna calibration according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or 4 to 7 when the processor executes the program.
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