CN114070796B - Electronic device and frame transmission method for electronic device - Google Patents
Electronic device and frame transmission method for electronic device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114070796B CN114070796B CN202010765935.4A CN202010765935A CN114070796B CN 114070796 B CN114070796 B CN 114070796B CN 202010765935 A CN202010765935 A CN 202010765935A CN 114070796 B CN114070796 B CN 114070796B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/12—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion
- H04L47/125—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion by balancing the load, e.g. traffic engineering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/36—Flow control; Congestion control by determining packet size, e.g. maximum transfer unit [MTU]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
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Abstract
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an electronic device and a frame transmission method for the electronic device, the frame transmission method including the steps of: wiring with another electronic device; receiving a pause frame from another electronic device, wherein the pause frame comprises a plurality of data packet size ranges and a corresponding plurality of pause times; referring to the content of the pause frame and determining a first inter-frame distance according to which of the plurality of data packet size ranges the size of a first data packet currently to be transmitted to the other electronic device belongs to; and after the first frame containing the first data packet is transmitted to the other electronic device, starting to transmit a second frame to the other electronic device at least after waiting for the first frame interval.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a frame transmission method for an electronic device.
Background
In the IEEE802.3x specification, a pause frame (pause frame) is mentioned for a receiving end to transmit to a transmitting end when a network is congested, so as to inform the transmitting end to suspend transmitting data packets to alleviate congestion; in addition, the transmitting end needs to wait until the pause time indicated by the pause frame expires or after the receiving end transmits another data packet to notify that the data packet can be continuously received, and then the transmitting end can restart transmitting the data packet to the receiving end. However, in the above operation, when network congestion is encountered, the transmitting end switches between the two states of full-speed transmission and suspended transmission when transmitting data packets, thus causing extremely uneven data packet traffic. In addition, the receiving end needs to always detect the state of the current data packet buffer to transmit the pause frame in real time, which also causes a processing burden on the circuit of the receiving end.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, an objective of the present invention is to provide a data packet transmission method for a network device, which can adjust a pause time after a subsequent data packet transmission according to a data packet size, so that an overall traffic is relatively average, and a phenomenon that a receiving end is congested or data packets accumulate due to an excessive data packet transmission at a transmitting end is avoided.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a frame transmission method for an electronic device is disclosed, comprising the steps of: wiring with another electronic device; receiving a pause frame from the other electronic device, wherein the pause frame comprises a plurality of data packet size ranges and a corresponding plurality of pause times; referring to the content of the pause frame and determining a first inter-frame distance according to which of the plurality of data packet size ranges the size of a first data packet currently to be transmitted to the other electronic device belongs to; and after the first frame containing the first data packet is transmitted to the other electronic device, starting to transmit a second frame to the other electronic device at least after waiting for the first frame interval.
In another embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is disclosed, comprising: the device comprises a receiving circuit, a frame interval controller and a transmitting circuit. The receiving circuit is configured to receive a pause frame from another electronic device, wherein the pause frame includes a plurality of data packet size ranges and a plurality of corresponding pause times; the interframe space controller is used for referencing the content of the pause frame and determining a first interframe space according to which of the plurality of data packet size ranges the size of a first data packet currently to be sent to the other electronic device belongs to; and the transmitting circuit is used for transmitting a first frame containing the first data packet to the other electronic device, and after the first frame is transmitted, the transmitting circuit starts transmitting a second frame to the other electronic device at least after waiting for the first frame interval.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a frame transmission method for an electronic device is disclosed, comprising the steps of: wiring with another electronic device; transmitting a pause frame to the other electronic device, wherein the pause frame comprises a plurality of data packet size ranges and a plurality of corresponding pause times for the other electronic device to use; and receiving a plurality of frames from the other electronic device, wherein the distance between the plurality of frames is determined by the other electronic device according to the plurality of data packet size ranges and the corresponding plurality of pause times contained in the pause frame.
In another embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is disclosed, which includes a transmitting circuit and a receiving circuit. The transmission circuit is used for transmitting a pause frame to another electronic device, wherein the pause frame comprises a plurality of data packet size ranges and a plurality of corresponding pause times for the other electronic device to use; and the receiving circuit is used for receiving a plurality of frames from the other electronic device, wherein the distance between the frames is determined by the other electronic device according to the size range of the data packets contained in the pause frame and the corresponding pause times.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a frame transmission method for an electronic device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pause frame according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network system according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the network system includes electronic devices 110 and 120, wherein the electronic devices 110 and 120 are connected by a network line 130 for data transmission and reception, and in the present embodiment, the electronic devices 110 and 120 support a Full-Duplex Ethernet (Full-Duplex Ethernet) and ieee802.3x standard. The electronic device 110 comprises a processing circuit 111, a receiving circuit 112, a pause frame parser 114, a frame interval controller 116 and a transmitting circuit 118; and the electronic device 120 includes a processing circuit 121, a receiving circuit 122, a pause frame parser 124, a frame spacing controller 126, and a transmitting circuit 128. The electronic devices 110 and 120 of the present embodiment may be any electronic devices that can use a network line for data transmission and reception, such as a switch, a router, or any electronic device that can be connected to a network line.
In operation of the electronic device 110, reference is made simultaneously to the flow chart shown in fig. 2. In step 200, the process starts, and the electronic device 110 and the electronic device 120 establish a connection and start signal transmission and reception. In step 202, the receiving circuit 112 receives the frame/data packet from the electronic device 120 via the network line 130, parses the received frame, and then sends the parsed frame to the processing circuit 111 for subsequent processing, whereas in this embodiment, the receiving circuit 112 receives a pause frame from the electronic device 120, and sends the pause frame to the pause frame parser 114 for parsing. In step 204, the pause frame parser 114 parses the received pause frame and determines whether the pause frame conforms to a specific format, if not, the flow proceeds to step 206; if so, flow proceeds to step 208. Specifically, referring to fig. 3, a pause frame 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of fields, which are a 7-byte preamble (preamble), a 1-byte start-of-frame delimiter (Start Frame Delimiter, SFD), a 6-byte destination address (destination address), a 6-byte source address (source address), a 2-byte type (type), a 2-byte operation code (opcode), a 2-byte frame-to-frame control index, time information #0, #1 to #n …, and so on. It should be noted that the preamble, start of frame delimiter, destination address, source address, type and opcode in the pause frame 300 of fig. 3 are fields defined by the IEEE802.3x specification, the contents and function of which are described with reference to the IEEE802.3x specification. In this embodiment, since only a partial codeword has a definition for a 2-byte opcode in the IEEE802.3x specification, the pause frame 300 may indicate that the pause frame 300 has a particular format by setting the opcode to a codeword, e.g., 0xff, that is not yet defined by the IEEE802.3x specification. In the present embodiment, if the content of the opcode is already defined in the current IEEE802.3x specification, for example, opcode 0x0001, the pause frame parser 114 determines that the received pause frame does not conform to a specific format; whereas if the content of the opcode corresponds to a codeword corresponding to a particular format, e.g., 0xff, the pause frame parser 114 determines that the received pause frame corresponds to a particular format.
In step 204, the main content of the pause frame 300 conforming to the specific format is the operation code, the frame-to-frame control index and the time information # 0- #N, and the operations and definitions of the remaining fields are described with reference to the IEEE802.3x specification, so the following description will mainly refer to the operation code, the frame-to-frame control index and the time information # 0- #N.
At step 206, since the pause frame received by the receiving circuit 112 complies with the IEEE802.3x specification, the operation of the electronic device 110 may skip the inter-frame distance controller 116, and the transmitting circuit 118 pauses the transmission of the subsequent frame until the pause time indicated in the pause frame expires or the receiving circuit 112 receives a message that can restart the transmission.
In step 208, the interframe space controller 116 temporarily stores the interframe space control index and time information # 0- # shown in fig. 3 in an internal register or memory for determining the interframe space at the time of the subsequent frame transmission. Specifically, the frame-to-frame control index and the time information # 0- # can be regarded as including a plurality of data packet size ranges and corresponding pause times, and when the processing circuit 111 needs to transmit data to the electronic device 120, the transmitting circuit 118 transmits a message related to the data packet size to be transmitted to the frame-to-frame controller 116, and the frame-to-frame controller 116 determines the corresponding pause time according to the data packet size to be transmitted to the electronic device 120, and determines the frame-to-frame distance according to the pause time after the transmitting circuit 118 transmits the current data packet to the electronic device 120, and then starts transmitting the next frame after the pause time (i.e. the frame-to-frame distance). In this embodiment, the data packet size may be the size of a data packet of a network layer or a data link layer contained in a frame.
In one embodiment, the frame spacing control index of pause frame 300 may be used to represent a plurality of data packet size ranges. For example, the frame-to-frame control index comprises 2 bytes (16 bits), wherein bits 0-3 can be used to represent 16 or less valid index values, and bits 4-15 can be used to represent a parameter INC, wherein the frame-to-frame control index represents a data packet size range as shown in the following table:
| index value | Data packet size range |
| 0 | PKT_S<64B |
| 1 | 64≤PKT_S<64+INC |
| 2 | 64+INC≤PKT_S<64+2*INC |
| 3 | 64+2*INC≤PKT_S<64+3*INC |
| … | … |
| 15 | 64+14*INC≤PKT_S |
List one
In the context of Table one, "PKT_S" is used to indicate the size of a data packet, "B" is used to indicate bytes, and the parameter INC may be any suitable value, such as 64 bytes.
In one embodiment, each of the time information # 0- # N comprises 2 bytes (16 bits), wherein bits 0-3 can be used to represent a pause time associated with the data packet size, bits 0-3 can be used to represent a pause time calculated using the data packet size, and bits 4-15 can be used to represent a fixed pause time, wherein the time information # 0- # N can be as shown in table two below:
watch II
In the contents of table two, time information #0 corresponds to index value "0" of table one, time information #1 corresponds to index value "1" of table one, time information #2 corresponds to index value "2" of table one, …, and so on. "T" is used to denote the length of the pause time, where "T" may be an 8-bit time (bit time), and the bit time is the time required for the electronic device 100 to transmit 8-bit data; for example, for a 100Mbps (Million bits per second megabits per second) Ethernet network, the 1-bit time is 10 nanoseconds; whereas for 1000Mbps ethernet, the 1-bit time is 1 nanosecond. In addition, the pause time calculated using the data packet size may directly take an integer part of the calculation result, and the pause times of the time information #0 to #n are the sum of the pause time calculated using the data packet size and the fixed pause time of table two.
In an example, assuming that the transmitting circuit 118 is ready to transmit 130 bytes of data packets to the electronic device 120, when the parameter INC is set to 64 bytes, the calculation of the pause time corresponds to the time information #2 of table two because the data packet size corresponds to the index value "2" of table one, wherein the pause time calculated using the data packet size is 65×t and the fixed pause time is 2*T, and the pause time calculated by table two is 67×t.
After determining the pause time of the frame to be transmitted by the transmission circuit 118, the inter-frame distance controller 116 may determine the inter-frame distance based on this pause time. Specifically, since ieee802.3x defines a minimum default interval at which the interval between two consecutive frames is at least 96 bits, the interframe space controller 116 may add 96 bits to the pause time calculated from table two above to obtain the final interframe space. For example, assuming that the transmit circuit 118 is ready to transmit 130 bytes of data packets to the electronic device 120, the pause time calculated according to table two is 67×8 bits, the final determined frame spacing by the frame spacing controller 116 is (96+67×8 bits).
It should be noted that the above-mentioned calculation of the pause time and the interframe space is merely an example, and is not meant to limit the invention, as long as the interframe space controller 116 can determine different interframe spaces according to the size of the data packet to be transmitted, the contents of the first and second tables can be modified correspondingly, or can be integrated into a single lookup table to determine the corresponding interframe space directly according to the size of the data packet, and the related implementation variations fall under the scope of the invention.
In step 210, the transmitting circuit 118 transmits the frame to the electronic device 120, and the flow returns to step 208. In addition, after the frame transmission is completed, the transmission circuit 118 pauses the transmission of the next frame after a period of time so that the next frame has the above-determined frame spacing from the currently transmitted frame. In detail, assuming that the transmission circuit 118 needs to sequentially transmit the first frame, the second frame, and the third frame, the inter-frame distance controller 116 may determine the first inter-frame distance corresponding to the first frame and the second inter-frame distance corresponding to the second frame according to the above mechanism, so that the first frame starts to transmit the second frame after a time for suspending the first inter-frame distance after the transmission is finished, and starts to transmit the third frame after a time for suspending the second inter-frame distance after the transmission is finished.
It should be noted that if the pause frame transmitted from the electronic device 120 is the pause frame 300 shown in fig. 3, the interframe space controller 116 temporarily stores the data packet size range and the corresponding pause time or interframe space information recorded in the pause frame 300, and then, each time the transmitting circuit 118 is to transmit the data packet, the interframe space controller 116 determines the interframe space between each data packet and the next frame after transmission one by one, so as to accurately control the network traffic of the electronic device 110 transmitted to the electronic device 120, so that the problem of serious uneven transmission speed of the electronic device 110 in the prior art can be avoided. In addition, since the information of the size range of the data packet and the corresponding pause time or frame interval recorded by the pause frame 300 is temporarily stored in the memory or the buffer in the frame interval controller 116 for the long-term use, the electronic device 120 may not need to send the pause frame to the electronic device 110 frequently, but only need to transmit a new pause frame 300 to update the size range of the data packet and the corresponding pause time or frame interval when needed (e.g. when network congestion occurs suddenly), so that each data packet has a larger frame interval after transmission.
In addition, since the network interface of the electronic device 110, 120 must not have a higher rate than the network provider's promised information rate (Committed Information Rate, CIR), the electronic device 110, 120 may continue to switch between the full-speed transmission and the suspended transmission states if the electronic device 110, 120 uses the highest rate for transmission. Therefore, the electronic device 120 can determine the information of the size range of the data packet and the corresponding pause time or frame interval according to the above-mentioned promised information rate, and transmit the information to the electronic device 110 after the pause frame 300 is carried, so that the traffic between the electronic devices 110, 120 is relatively even.
In the above description of the embodiment, the electronic device 110 receives the pause frame from the electronic device 120 and determines the frame interval according to the data packet size and then transmits the frame to the electronic device 120, however, since the electronic devices 110 and 120 support the full duplex ethernet network, the electronic device 120 can similarly receive the pause frame from the electronic device 110 and determine the frame interval according to the data packet size and then transmit the frame to the electronic device 110. Since the processing circuit 121, the receiving circuit 122, the pause frame parser 124, the inter-frame distance controller 126 and the transmitting circuit 128 of the electronic device 120 are operated identically or similarly, the processing circuit 111, the receiving circuit 112, the pause frame parser 114, the inter-frame distance controller 116 and the transmitting circuit 118 of the electronic device 110 are operated similarly, the details thereof will not be repeated.
Briefly summarized, in the electronic device and related frame transmission method of the present invention, after receiving a pause frame from another electronic device, an inter-frame distance controller in the electronic device may determine a frame distance required after a subsequent transmission frame according to a data packet size range and a corresponding pause time recorded in the pause frame. By the invention, the flow between the electronic devices can be properly controlled, so that the problem that the frame transmission is always switched between the full-speed transmission state and the pause transmission state when the network is congested in the prior art is avoided, and the other electronic device does not need to always transmit the pause frame to cause processing burden.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
[ symbolic description ]
110 electronic device
111 processing circuit
112 receiving circuit
Pause frame parser 114
116 inter-frame distance controller
118 transfer circuit
120 electronic device
121 processing circuit
122 receiving circuit
Pause frame parser 124
126 inter-frame distance controller
128 transfer circuit
130 network line
200-210 steps
300 pause frame
Claims (10)
1. A frame transfer method for an electronic device, comprising:
wiring with another electronic device;
receiving a pause frame from the other electronic device, wherein the pause frame comprises a plurality of data packet size ranges and a corresponding plurality of pause times;
referencing the content of the pause frame and determining a first inter-frame distance according to which of the plurality of data packet size ranges the size of a first data packet currently to be sent to the other electronic device belongs; and
after a first frame containing the first data packet is sent to the other electronic device, a second frame is sent to the other electronic device beginning after waiting at least the first inter-frame distance.
2. The frame transmission method of claim 1, further comprising:
referencing the content of the pause frame and determining a second inter-frame distance according to which of the plurality of data packet size ranges the size of a second data packet currently to be sent to the other electronic device belongs; and
after the second frame including the second data packet is transmitted to the other electronic device, a third frame is transmitted to the other electronic device after waiting at least the second inter-frame distance.
3. The frame transfer method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of suspension times are not identical.
4. The frame transfer method of claim 3, wherein the step of referencing the content of the pause frame and determining the first inter-frame distance according to which of the plurality of data packet size ranges the size of the first data packet currently to be sent to the other electronic device belongs comprises:
determining a first pause time according to which of the plurality of data packet size ranges the size of the first data packet currently to be sent to the other electronic device belongs; and
and calculating the first frame interval according to the first pause time and the minimum preset interval.
5. The frame transfer method of claim 4, wherein determining the first pause time based on which of the plurality of data packet size ranges the size of the first data packet currently to be sent to the other electronic device belongs comprises:
determining a pause time calculated using a data packet size and a fixed pause time according to which of the plurality of data packet size ranges the size of the first data packet currently to be sent to the other electronic device belongs; and
the first pause time is calculated from the pause time calculated using the data packet size and the fixed pause time.
6. The frame transmission method of claim 1, further comprising:
and temporarily storing the size ranges of the data packets and the corresponding pause times contained in the pause frame in the electronic device so as to determine the frame spacing corresponding to a plurality of frames which are subsequently transmitted to the other electronic device.
7. An electronic device for connecting with another electronic device, the electronic device comprising:
a receiving circuit configured to receive a pause frame from the other electronic device, wherein the pause frame includes a plurality of data packet size ranges and a corresponding plurality of pause times;
an interframe space controller for referencing the content of the pause frame and determining a first interframe space according to which of the plurality of data packet size ranges the size of a first data packet currently to be sent to the other electronic device belongs; and
and a transmitting circuit for transmitting a first frame containing the first data packet to the other electronic device, and starting to transmit a second frame to the other electronic device after the first frame is transmitted and at least waiting for the first frame interval.
8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the interframe space controller references the content of the pause frame and determines a second interframe space based on which of the plurality of data packet size ranges the size of a second data packet currently to be sent to the other electronic device belongs to; and after the second frame containing the second data packet is sent to the other electronic device, the transmitting circuit starts transmitting a third frame to the other electronic device after waiting at least the second frame interval.
9. A frame transfer method for an electronic device, comprising:
wiring with another electronic device;
transmitting a pause frame to the other electronic device, wherein the pause frame comprises a plurality of data packet size ranges and a corresponding plurality of pause times for the other electronic device to use; and
a plurality of frames is received from the other electronic device, wherein a spacing of the plurality of frames is determined by the other electronic device according to the plurality of data packet size ranges and the corresponding plurality of pause times included in the pause frame.
10. An electronic device for connecting with another electronic device, the electronic device comprising:
a transmitting circuit configured to transmit a pause frame to the other electronic device, wherein the pause frame includes a plurality of data packet size ranges and a corresponding plurality of pause times for the other electronic device; and
a receiving circuit is configured to receive a plurality of frames from the other electronic device, wherein a spacing of the plurality of frames is determined by the other electronic device according to the plurality of data packet size ranges and the corresponding plurality of pause times included in the pause frame.
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| US6031821A (en) * | 1997-08-19 | 2000-02-29 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Apparatus and method for generating a pause frame in a buffered distributor based on lengths of data packets distributed according to a round robin repeater arbitration |
| US6035333A (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 2000-03-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and system for providing congestion control in a data communications network |
| KR20040005185A (en) * | 2002-07-08 | 2004-01-16 | 삼성전자주식회사 | apparatus and method for flow control data frame transmission in the ethernet networks |
| US7369496B1 (en) * | 1998-12-02 | 2008-05-06 | Notel Networks Limited | Flow control of frame based data over a synchronous digital network |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7061866B2 (en) * | 2002-01-10 | 2006-06-13 | Intel Corporation | Metered packet flow for packet switched networks |
| US9231870B2 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2016-01-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Flexible and scalable data link layer flow control for network fabrics |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6031821A (en) * | 1997-08-19 | 2000-02-29 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Apparatus and method for generating a pause frame in a buffered distributor based on lengths of data packets distributed according to a round robin repeater arbitration |
| US6035333A (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 2000-03-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and system for providing congestion control in a data communications network |
| US7369496B1 (en) * | 1998-12-02 | 2008-05-06 | Notel Networks Limited | Flow control of frame based data over a synchronous digital network |
| KR20040005185A (en) * | 2002-07-08 | 2004-01-16 | 삼성전자주식회사 | apparatus and method for flow control data frame transmission in the ethernet networks |
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