CN114070664A - Multichannel bus switching device - Google Patents
Multichannel bus switching device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114070664A CN114070664A CN202111240021.7A CN202111240021A CN114070664A CN 114070664 A CN114070664 A CN 114070664A CN 202111240021 A CN202111240021 A CN 202111240021A CN 114070664 A CN114070664 A CN 114070664A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40006—Architecture of a communication node
- H04L12/40019—Details regarding a bus master
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40006—Architecture of a communication node
- H04L12/40013—Details regarding a bus controller
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40267—Bus for use in transportation systems
- H04L2012/4028—Bus for use in transportation systems the transportation system being an aircraft
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multichannel bus switching device, which comprises a host (1), a transfer cable (2) and a network cable or serial port line (3), wherein the transfer cable (2) is configured to connect destination terminal equipment of not more than N stations to the host (1), and the network cable or serial port line (3) is configured to connect source terminal equipment to the host (1); the switching structure on the host (1) comprises two switching electric connectors, N special channels, a shared channel and a mechanical knob switch; the pins on the adapter connector lead the signals of the destination terminal equipment to the corresponding special channels; the mechanical knob switch is used for switching the shared channel to the N special channels for alternate use, so that a data transmission channel is established between the source terminal device and the destination terminal device. The invention can easily realize that the source terminal equipment operates any one target terminal equipment only by connecting a plurality of target terminal equipment to the multiplexing bus switching device through the switching cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic information, in particular to a multiplexing bus switching device, which can be used for realizing uniform software data loading management on various airborne electronic products and is particularly suitable for airborne electronic products with loaded software.
Background
In the field of avionics, a large number of airborne electronic products are installed in an aircraft equipment cabin, and because the types of communication buses used by each airborne electronic product are different, when software upgrading is involved, engineers often need to carry a plurality of special buses to perform software upgrading on each airborne electronic product. When a plurality of airborne electronic products need to be updated and maintained, engineers spend a great deal of time for sorting and connecting the airborne electronic products, and after one airborne product is loaded, another airborne electronic product to be loaded needs to be reconnected. Therefore, the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming for engineers, and the working efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-channel bus switching device which can uniformly load and manage airborne products (target terminal equipment) on an airplane, so that the working efficiency of engineers is effectively improved. Meanwhile, the multichannel bus switching device can be suitable for various types of bus transmission, an engineer only needs to connect a plurality of airborne products to the multichannel bus switching device through a transfer cable in the earlier stage, then the unified management of software loading of the airborne electronic products can be realized by manually controlling the mechanical knob switch in the operation panel of the bus switching device, so that the working time of the engineer can be effectively saved, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
The invention aims to be realized by the following technical scheme:
a multi-channel bus switching device comprises a host 1, a transit cable 2 and a network line or serial port line 3, wherein the transit cable 2 is configured to connect no more than N destination terminal devices to the host 1, and the network line or serial port line 3 is configured to connect a source terminal device to the host 1; wherein N is the number of dedicated channels in a single switching structure;
the switching structure on the host 1 comprises two switching electric connectors, N special channels, a shared channel and a mechanical knob switch;
the pins on the adapter connector lead the signals of the destination terminal equipment to the corresponding special channels;
the mechanical knob switch is used for switching the shared channel to the N special channels for alternate use, so that a data transmission channel is established between the source terminal device and the destination terminal device.
Preferably, each dedicated channel and shared channel is defined by 5-wire system: 1 pair of differential lines for receiving, 1 pair of differential lines for transmitting and 1 enable signal;
the mechanical knob switch's internal mechanical structure adopts 5 layers of circuit boards, is equipped with N +1 contact on every layer of circuit board, and the signal line on a dedicated channel is connected to every contact, and when mechanical knob switch was rotatory, realized 5 signal lines and switched the function simultaneously, the contact that is switched to and shared channel contact.
Preferably, the mechanical knob switch is of a customized turn-on type, the torque parameter of the switch knob is 0.2-0.7 Nm, and the withstand voltage of a contact reaches 1000V direct current or 700V alternating current.
Preferably, the signal lines used by each dedicated channel and shared channel are selected from cables which are compatible with the high-speed bus and the low-speed bus and meet the impedance matching requirement, and when the internal wiring of the host 1 is performed, the wiring process is implemented by adopting the standard of general cabinet wiring.
Preferably, there are two sets of identical and independent switching structures in the host 1, which are composed of two through electrical connectors, N dedicated channels, a shared channel and a mechanical knob switch.
Preferably, the host 1 is further provided with two self-testing electrical connectors for connecting a self-testing cable to perform switching self-testing on the dedicated channels in the host 1, so as to ensure that each dedicated channel is normal.
Preferably, monitoring components are configured on signal lines of each shared channel and dedicated channel, and are used for performing monitoring tests on each shared channel and dedicated channel, so as to ensure that the current dedicated channel and shared channel are in a normal state during operation.
Preferably, host computer 1 is the interior power module that still provides the required power drive of components and parts, adopts power protection device in the power module, and alternating current-direct current keeps apart, effective ground connection has emergency device, can automatic cutout power when meeting accident, ensures that equipment can normal use.
Preferably, the adapting electrical connector is an electrical connector which can be matched with the multiplexing bus switching device in performance after statistics of electrical connectors on all destination terminal devices are collected.
Preferably, the length of the adapter cable is controlled within 5 meters, the conductor of the inner diameter of the cable is made of a stranded silver-plated copper material, the impedance selection range of the cable is controlled between 50 ohms and 100 ohms, the outer material of the wire core is made of a low-loss fluorine material insulating material, and the shielding layer is wrapped and shielded.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can easily realize that the source terminal equipment operates any one target terminal equipment without loading and disassembling one target terminal equipment by only connecting a plurality of target terminal equipment to the multiplexing bus switching device through the switching cables and manually switching the mechanical rotary switch on the operation panel.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-channel bus switching device according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical knob switch.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical knob switch.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the shift positions of the mechanical rotary switch.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the front panel of the main body 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the rear panel of the main unit 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
In this embodiment, a large number of ARINC429 airborne devices waiting for loading software in an aircraft equipment cabin are taken as destination terminal devices, and a ground loading terminal device is taken as a source terminal device for illustration.
Referring to fig. 1, the multi-channel bus switching apparatus shown in this embodiment includes a host 1, a transit cable 2 and a network line or serial port line 3, where the transit cable 2 is configured to connect no more than N destination terminal devices to the host 1, and the network line or serial port line 3 is configured to connect a source terminal device to the host 1. Where N is the number of dedicated channels in a single switching structure, and the number of dedicated channels that can be switched by the multi-channel bus switching device in this embodiment is 29, so that the maximum connectable destination terminal devices per patch cable are 29.
The switching structure on the host 1 comprises two switching electric connectors, N dedicated channels, a shared channel, a mechanical knob switch and the like.
The switching electric connector is an electric connector which can be matched with the multiplex bus switching device in performance after statistics and summary are carried out on electric connectors on all destination terminal equipment. In this embodiment, an electrical connector from 158, model No. JY27656T25F35PN, is selected, which has 128 pins, and the signal of the destination terminal equipment is guided to the corresponding dedicated channel through these pins.
The mechanical rotary switch is a core part in this embodiment, and referring to the schematic diagram shown in fig. 2, the mechanical rotary switch is used to switch the shared channel to 29 dedicated channels for use in turn, so that a data transmission channel can be established between the source terminal device and the destination terminal device. In this embodiment, each dedicated channel and shared channel is defined by 5-wire system: receiving (1 pair of differential lines), sending (1 pair of differential lines) and enabling signals (1 ground wire), therefore, the internal mechanical structure of the mechanical knob switch is as shown in fig. 3, 5 layers of circuit boards are divided, when the mechanical knob switch rotates, the function of simultaneously switching 5 signal lines can be realized, and when the enabling signals are effective, the data loading work can be carried out. Considering that a single mechanical knob switch needs to satisfy 29 destination terminal devices and 1 power-off gear, 30(N +1) contacts are arranged on each layer of circuit board, each contact is connected with a signal wire on a dedicated channel, and when the mechanical knob switch rotates, the switched contact is contacted with a shared channel. Because the requirement of 30 gears is to be met, the mechanical knob switch knob is arranged by one gear every 12 degrees, and 360 degrees can be divided into 30 gears, as shown in fig. 4. Considering that a mechanical knob switch can rotate at will, a customized turn-on type is selected, the torque parameter of the switch knob is 0.2-0.7 Nm, the withstand voltage of a contact can reach 1000V direct current or 700V alternating current, and the mechanical life is 10000 times.
The signal lines used by each dedicated channel and the shared channel are selected from cables which are compatible with a high-speed bus and a low-speed bus and meet impedance matching requirements, such as twisted pair shielded wires THSFF5ER 1 x 2 x 26A-L of Nanjing Quanxin company, and the grounding wires are cables of Nanjing Quanxin company, and the types of the cables are QLAX 10112-24. When the host 1 is internally wired, the wiring process is implemented by adopting the standard of general cabinet wiring, and later maintenance is considered during wiring.
Further, in order to prevent the host 1 from being failed to affect the loading operation, the host 1 is designed redundantly in this embodiment, that is, there are two sets of identical and independent switching structures consisting of two switching electrical connectors, N dedicated channels, a shared channel, and a mechanical knob switch.
Furthermore, the host 1 is also provided with two self-testing electric connectors for connecting self-testing cables. The switching self-test can be carried out on the special channels in the host 1, and the normal operation of each special channel is ensured.
Further, in this embodiment, monitoring components are also configured on the signal lines of each shared channel and dedicated channel, and are used to perform monitoring tests on each shared channel and dedicated channel, so as to ensure that the dedicated channel and shared channel are in a normal state when operating. In this embodiment, the monitoring component is an in-line led device.
Furthermore, a power module is arranged in the host 1 and used for providing power drive for the components. Adopt power protection device in the power module, the alternating current-direct current is kept apart, and effective ground connection has emergency device, can automatic cutout power when meeting accident, ensures that equipment can normal use.
The front panel of the host 1 is distributed as shown in fig. 5, and may be divided into a channel self-test observation area 11, a channel operation observation a area 12, and a channel operation observation B area 13. The channel working observation area a and the channel working observation area B each correspond to a switching structure in the host 1, and the channel working observation area a and the channel working observation area B each have two ethernet connectors (RJ45 sockets) and two serial connectors (DB9 holes) for the source terminal device to select a desired bus to access to the switching structure inside the host 1 to operate the destination terminal device. The channel working observation area A and the channel working observation area B respectively display the switching state of the 29 channels, for example, when the mechanical rotating mechanism is switched to the 1 st special channel, the lamp corresponding to the 1 st special channel is turned on, and if the lamp is turned off, the abnormality is indicated. The channel self-checking observation area is used for displaying a self-checking result when a self-checking test is performed on 29 channels, in this embodiment, a row represents 5 signal lines in the channels, a column represents the number of the channels, when 5 lamps in the same row are all lighted, the channel connection is normal, and if one of the lamps is not lighted, the connection is abnormal. The control information of each lamp in the channel self-inspection observation area 11, the channel working observation area a 12 and the channel working observation area B13 comes from the monitoring component.
As shown in fig. 6, the rear panel of the main unit 1 is provided with two adapter electrical connectors of a two-way switching structure and a self-test electrical connector for self-test, respectively.
Considering that the size of the case of the host 1 should meet the requirements of daily movement and support of the design of the upper rack type, the height should not be too high, and the requirements of the layout of components of the case panel and the internal process wiring and routing should be avoided, the embodiment is simulated by simulation software, the case adopts a standard 19-inch upper rack type structure, and the height is controlled within 8U.
The destination terminal equipment uses different bus types, so the attenuation degree of each bus signal needs to be considered when selecting the transfer cable. The signal attenuation of the cable is mainly determined by the conductor, material, shielding layer, impedance, length and other factors of the wire. The embodiment controls the length of the switching cable within 5 meters (the shorter the length is, the smaller the signal attenuation is), and the conductor with the inner diameter of the cable is made of the stranded silver-plated copper material, so that the transmission performance is faster, the aging resistance and the mechanical strength are high, and the radiation resistance is realized. The selected range of the cable impedance is controlled between 50 ohms and 100 ohms safely. The outer layer material of sinle silk chooses the insulating material of fluorine material of low loss for use. The shielding layer adopts around the package shielding, has anti-interference effect.
The embodiment can support the software loading of 58 machine-mounted products at most, and is provided with a redundancy design. An engineer only needs to connect a plurality of airborne products to the switching structure of the host 1 through the switching cable in the earlier stage, and manually switches the mechanical rotary switch on the operation panel, so that software loading can be easily carried out on any airborne product without loading one airborne product and detaching one airborne product. The mechanical rotary switch is designed to completely meet the transmission characteristics of various bus signals, the switch is divided into 5 layers, each layer has 30 contacts, and one contact represents a signal of one channel. Each channel of the switch can realize the multiplexing, and can simultaneously and compatibly transmit various bus signals on one channel, such as an ARINC429 bus, an ARINC664 bus, an ARINC422 bus, RS232 serial port communication and gigabit Ethernet communication, and the physical and electrical characteristics specified by ARINC615-3 and ARINC615A-2 standard protocols are met. The switching cable selects a special high-speed bus cable and can be downward compatible with low-speed bus signals. In structural design, the height dimension is controlled within 8U, and the carrying is convenient.
It should be understood that equivalents and modifications of the technical solution and inventive concept thereof may occur to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and alterations should fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-channel bus switching apparatus comprising a host (1), a transit cable (2) and a network line or serial port line (3), characterized in that the transit cable (2) is configured to connect no more than N destination terminal devices to the host (1), and the network line or serial port line (3) is configured to connect a source terminal device to the host (1); wherein N is the number of dedicated channels in a single switching structure;
the switching structure on the host (1) comprises two switching electric connectors, N special channels, a shared channel and a mechanical knob switch;
the pins on the adapter connector lead the signals of the destination terminal equipment to the corresponding special channels;
the mechanical knob switch is used for switching the shared channel to the N special channels for alternate use, so that a data transmission channel is established between the source terminal device and the destination terminal device.
2. A multi-channel bus switch as claimed in claim 1, wherein each dedicated channel and shared channel is defined by 5 wires: 1 pair of differential lines for receiving, 1 pair of differential lines for transmitting and 1 enable signal;
the mechanical knob switch's internal mechanical structure adopts 5 layers of circuit boards, is equipped with N +1 contact on every layer of circuit board, and the signal line on a dedicated channel is connected to every contact, and when mechanical knob switch was rotatory, realized 5 signal lines and switched the function simultaneously, the contact that is switched to and shared channel contact.
3. The multi-channel bus switching device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mechanical knob switch is of a customized on-off type, the torque parameter of the switch knob is 0.2-0.7 Nm, and the contact withstand voltage reaches 1000V direct current or 700V alternating current.
4. The multi-channel bus switching device according to claim 2, wherein the signal lines used by each dedicated channel and the shared channel are selected from cables which are compatible with the high-speed bus and the low-speed bus and satisfy the impedance matching requirement, and when the internal wiring of the host (1) is performed, the wiring process is implemented by adopting the standard of general cabinet wiring.
5. The multi-channel bus switching device of claim 1, wherein there are two identical and independent sets of switching structures in the host 1, each set comprising two through electrical connectors, N dedicated channels, a shared channel, and a mechanical knob switch.
6. The multi-channel bus switching device according to claim 1, wherein the host (1) further comprises two self-test electrical connectors for connecting cables for self-test to perform switching self-test on the dedicated channels in the host (1) to ensure that the dedicated channels are normal.
7. The multi-channel bus switching device of claim 1, wherein monitoring components are disposed on the signal lines of the shared channels and the dedicated channels for performing monitoring tests on each of the shared channels and the dedicated channels to ensure that the dedicated channels and the shared channels are in a normal state during operation.
8. The multi-channel bus switching device according to claim 1, wherein a power module is further arranged in the host (1) to provide power driving required by components, a power protection device is adopted in the power module, alternating current and direct current are isolated, effective grounding is achieved, an emergency device is arranged, when an accident occurs, the power can be automatically cut off, and normal use of equipment is guaranteed.
9. The multi-channel bus switch device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switching connector is an electrical connector that is capable of matching with the multiplexed bus switch device in performance after statistics of the electrical connectors of all destination terminal devices are collected.
10. The multi-channel bus switching device of claim 1, wherein the length of the switching cable is controlled within 5 meters, the inner diameter of the cable is made of stranded silver-plated copper, the impedance of the cable is controlled within a range of 50-100 ohms, the outer layer of the cable core is made of low-loss fluorine insulating material, and the shielding layer is wrapped and shielded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111240021.7A CN114070664A (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Multichannel bus switching device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111240021.7A CN114070664A (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Multichannel bus switching device |
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| CN114070664A true CN114070664A (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111240021.7A Pending CN114070664A (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Multichannel bus switching device |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02241292A (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1990-09-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Information communication system, and information communication terminals and switching device thereof |
| US20060047982A1 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-02 | Incomm Technologies Co., Ltd. | Mult-interface auto-switch circuit and memory device with dual interface auto-switch circuit |
| CN202422117U (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-09-05 | 北京航天测控技术有限公司 | Adaption device applicable to multichannel signals |
| US20170242453A1 (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2017-08-24 | Schneider Electric Industries Sas | Rotary control system for a device |
| CN111487952A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-04 | 浙江中控技术股份有限公司 | Multichannel signal switching and coupling device and signal testing system |
| CN211375593U (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-08-28 | 北京润科通用技术有限公司 | Switching device of bus |
-
2021
- 2021-10-25 CN CN202111240021.7A patent/CN114070664A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02241292A (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1990-09-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Information communication system, and information communication terminals and switching device thereof |
| US20060047982A1 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-02 | Incomm Technologies Co., Ltd. | Mult-interface auto-switch circuit and memory device with dual interface auto-switch circuit |
| CN202422117U (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-09-05 | 北京航天测控技术有限公司 | Adaption device applicable to multichannel signals |
| US20170242453A1 (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2017-08-24 | Schneider Electric Industries Sas | Rotary control system for a device |
| CN211375593U (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-08-28 | 北京润科通用技术有限公司 | Switching device of bus |
| CN111487952A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-04 | 浙江中控技术股份有限公司 | Multichannel signal switching and coupling device and signal testing system |
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