CN114070431B

CN114070431B - Antenna calibration method, radio frequency unit, baseband processing unit and base station

Info

Publication number: CN114070431B
Application number: CN202010782389.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙立新; 周明宇; 云翔; 徐瑨; 刘芳昕; 崔琪楣; 陶小峰
Original assignee: Baicells Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Baicells Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-06
Filing date: 2020-08-06
Publication date: 2024-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-06
Also published as: CN114070431A

Abstract

The application discloses an antenna calibration method, a radio frequency unit, a baseband processing unit and a base station, and relates to the technical field of wireless communication, wherein the method comprises the following steps: controlling antennas in the distributed nodes where the radio frequency units are positioned to calibrate the nodes; according to the inter-node calibration signaling issued by the baseband processing unit, controlling the antennas of the distributed nodes and the antennas of other distributed nodes to transmit and receive inter-node calibration signals; according to the received calibration signal, determining the radio frequency response characteristic, and transmitting the radio frequency response characteristic to the baseband processing unit; according to the calibration factor which is issued by the baseband processing unit and determined by the radio frequency response characteristic, performing inter-node calibration on the main reference antenna of the distributed node; and correcting the intra-node calibration results of other antennas except the main reference antenna in the distributed node by controlling the main reference antenna to broadcast the calibration factors in the distributed node. The method reduces the complexity and the implementation difficulty of the calibration coupling circuit and improves the calibration precision.

Description

Antenna calibration method, radio frequency unit, baseband processing unit and base station

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna calibration method, a radio frequency unit, a baseband processing unit, and a base station.

Background

Errors exist in signal transceiving among all antennas in the distributed large-scale multi-antenna system, so that signal transmission matching performance is destroyed, and beam forming effect is affected. Therefore, all antennas in the system need to be calibrated, and errors in signal transceiving are avoided. The existing antenna calibration mode mainly comprises two major types of wired calibration and air interface calibration, and the wired calibration needs to configure a coupling circuit for an antenna system, and as the distributed large-scale antenna system is provided with a plurality of calibration antennas and is distributed at a plurality of node positions, the number of nodes, the node distribution positions and the number of antennas in the nodes of different systems are different, so that the number of ports of a coupling disk is large, and the implementation difficulty and complexity are increased sharply; the air interface calibration does not need to consider the circuit complexity, but after the antenna array area is increased, the stability of the wireless air interface is poor, the dynamic range of antenna calibration based on the base station side is enlarged, the accuracy is reduced, and the feedback cost of the User Equipment (UE) is high in an antenna calibration method based on the assistance of the UE. Therefore, the existing wired coupling calibration and wireless coupling calibration cannot meet the calibration requirements of the distributed large-scale multi-antenna system.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the embodiment of the application is to provide an antenna calibration method, a radio frequency unit, a baseband processing unit and a base station, so as to solve the problems of high difficulty and complexity in antenna calibration implementation, high calibration cost and low accuracy in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides an antenna calibration method, applied to a radio frequency unit, the method comprising:

controlling antennas in the distributed nodes where the radio frequency units are positioned to calibrate the nodes;

according to the inter-node calibration signaling issued by the baseband processing unit, controlling the antennas of the distributed nodes to transmit and receive inter-node calibration signals with the antennas of other distributed nodes;

according to the received calibration signal, determining the radio frequency response characteristic, and transmitting the radio frequency response characteristic to a baseband processing unit;

according to the calibration factor which is issued by the baseband processing unit and determined by the radio frequency response characteristic, performing inter-node calibration on the main reference antenna of the distributed node;

and correcting the intra-node calibration results of other antennas except the main reference antenna in the distributed node by controlling the main reference antenna to broadcast the calibration factors in the distributed node.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna calibration method, applied to a baseband processing unit, where the method includes:

determining a calibration period among nodes according to the number of distributed nodes of the antenna system;

according to the inter-node calibration period, periodically transmitting inter-node calibration signaling to a plurality of radio frequency units of an antenna system;

after transmitting the inter-node calibration signaling to a plurality of radio frequency units, receiving radio frequency response characteristics transmitted by the plurality of radio frequency units;

calculating a calibration parameter set among nodes according to the radio frequency response characteristics;

each element in the inter-node calibration parameter set is respectively issued to the corresponding radio frequency unit; wherein each element of the inter-node calibration parameter set is a calibration factor of a corresponding distributed node.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present application further provides a radio frequency unit, including:

the first calibration module is used for controlling the antenna in the distributed node where the radio frequency unit is positioned to calibrate in the node;

the control module is used for controlling the antennas of the distributed nodes and the antennas of other distributed nodes to transmit and receive the inter-node calibration signals according to the inter-node calibration signaling issued by the baseband processing unit;

The processing module is used for determining radio frequency response characteristics according to the received calibration signals and sending the radio frequency response characteristics to the baseband processing unit;

the second calibration module is used for carrying out inter-node calibration on the main reference antenna of the distributed node according to the calibration factor which is issued by the baseband processing unit and determined by the radio frequency response characteristic;

and the correction module is used for correcting the intra-node calibration results of the antennas except the main reference antenna in the distributed node by controlling the main reference antenna to broadcast the calibration factors in the distributed node.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present application further provides a baseband processing unit, including:

the first determining module is used for determining the inter-node calibration period according to the number of the distributed nodes of the antenna system;

the first transmitting module is used for periodically transmitting inter-node calibration signaling to a plurality of radio frequency units of the antenna system according to the inter-node calibration period;

the first receiving module is used for receiving radio frequency response characteristics sent by the plurality of radio frequency units after sending the inter-node calibration signaling to the plurality of radio frequency units;

The calculating module is used for calculating a calibration parameter set among the nodes according to the radio frequency response characteristics;

the second sending module is used for respectively sending each element in the inter-node calibration parameter set to the corresponding radio frequency unit; wherein each element of the inter-node calibration parameter set is a calibration factor of a corresponding distributed node.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present application further provides a base station, including: a processor, a memory and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the antenna calibration method as described above for a radio frequency unit and/or the steps of the antenna calibration method as described above for a baseband processing unit.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application further provide a readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the antenna calibration method applied to a radio frequency unit as described above, and/or the steps of the antenna calibration method applied to a baseband processing unit as described above.

The technical scheme of the application has at least the following beneficial effects:

Firstly, controlling antennas in a distributed node where a radio frequency unit is located to perform intra-node calibration; secondly, according to the inter-node calibration signaling issued by the baseband processing unit, controlling the antennas of the distributed nodes and the antennas of other distributed nodes to transmit and receive inter-node calibration signals; thirdly, according to the received calibration signal, determining the radio frequency response characteristic, and transmitting the radio frequency response characteristic to a baseband processing unit; then, according to the calibration factor which is issued by the baseband processing unit and determined by the radio frequency response characteristic, the main reference antenna of the distributed node is calibrated among nodes; and finally, the main reference antenna is controlled to broadcast the calibration factors in the distributed nodes, and the intra-node calibration results of other antennas except the main reference antenna in the distributed nodes are corrected. On one hand, the complexity and the implementation difficulty of the calibration coupling circuit are reduced, and the calibration time is shortened; on the other hand, the calibration between nodes is completed at the base station side, so that user equipment is not needed to participate, and a great amount of pilot frequency expenditure and feedback expenditure generated by the user side are avoided; on the other hand, the dual calibration is adopted to track, verify and correct the calibration result, so that the calibration precision is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an antenna calibration method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a second flow chart of an antenna calibration method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is an application scenario schematic diagram of an antenna calibration method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of intra-node antenna grouping of the antenna calibration method according to the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a baseband processing unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that embodiments of the present application may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, in the description and claims, "and/or" means at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/", generally means that the associated object is an "or" relationship.

The antenna calibration method, the radio frequency unit, the baseband processing unit and the base station provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through specific embodiments and application scenarios thereof.

Firstly, it should be noted that the antenna calibration method of the present embodiment may be applied to an application scenario including a plurality of distributed nodes and a baseband processing unit as shown in fig. 3, where each distributed node corresponds to one radio frequency unit (not shown in the figure).

As shown in fig. 1, one of the steps of an antenna calibration method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the antenna calibration method is applied to a radio frequency unit, and the method includes:

step 101: controlling antennas in the distributed nodes where the radio frequency units are positioned to calibrate the nodes;

in this step, the antennas in the distributed node may be grouped, and in the same time slot, multiple antennas in a group of antennas may simultaneously transmit or receive the calibration signal in the node for calibration, so as to shorten the calibration time and increase the antenna calibration speed.

Step 102: according to the inter-node calibration signaling issued by the baseband processing unit, controlling the antennas of the distributed nodes to transmit and receive inter-node calibration signals with the antennas of other distributed nodes;

The step realizes mutual calibration among a plurality of distributed nodes in the antenna system, thereby realizing hierarchical calibration, namely: firstly, intra-node calibration is carried out, and on the basis of the completion of the intra-node calibration, inter-node calibration is carried out, so that the calibration precision is ensured.

Step 103: according to the received calibration signal, determining the radio frequency response characteristic, and transmitting the radio frequency response characteristic to the baseband processing unit; in this step, the calibration signal may specifically be a calibration sequence, and the radio frequency response characteristic may be time domain information and/or frequency domain information in the calibration signal, where the radio frequency response characteristic is used to calculate a calibration factor.

Step 104: according to the calibration factor which is issued by the baseband processing unit and determined by the radio frequency response characteristic, performing inter-node calibration on the main reference antenna of the distributed node; the mutual calibration among the main reference antennas of each distributed node is realized, the hierarchical calibration of the antennas is realized, and the calibration precision is improved.

Step 105: and correcting the intra-node calibration results of other antennas except the main reference antenna in the distributed node by controlling the main reference antenna to broadcast the calibration factors in the distributed node.

In the step, the calibration results of the antennas calibrated in the nodes in each distributed node are corrected by the calibration factors, so that the calibration accuracy of the antennas is ensured.

According to the antenna calibration method, firstly, the intra-node calibration of the distributed nodes is carried out, then the inter-node calibration of a plurality of distributed nodes is carried out, and finally, the calibration result of the intra-node calibration is corrected according to the calibration factors of the inter-node calibration, on one hand, the calibration of the antenna is completed only at the base station side, the participation of user equipment is not needed, so that the generation of a large amount of pilot frequency expenditure and feedback expenditure at the user side is avoided, and the antenna calibration cost is saved; on the other hand, during the calibration between nodes, the dual calibration of the main reference antenna and the auxiliary reference antenna is realized, the calibration result is tracked, verified and corrected, and the calibration precision is ensured; on the other hand, the complexity and the implementation difficulty of the calibration coupling circuit are reduced, and the calibration time is shortened.

Further, as an optional embodiment, before controlling the antenna in the distributed node where the radio frequency unit is located to perform intra-node calibration, step 101, the method further includes:

acquiring a plurality of intra-node calibration signals of antennas in the distributed node for intra-node calibration;

and respectively transmitting the calibration signals in the nodes to corresponding antennas in the distributed nodes.

It should be noted that, on the one hand, the calibration signal in the node may be a calibration sequence generated by the BBU according to a preset rule, or may be generated in advance by other external structures and sent to the BBU. Specifically, the calibration signal in the node may be preset by a designer according to the requirement and stored in a memory or BBU of the base station. In this way, it is achieved that each antenna within the distributed node can obtain calibration signals sent to the other antennas before intra-node calibration is performed. On the other hand, if the RRU operation capability meets the requirement of generating the intra-node calibration signal, the intra-node calibration signal may also be generated by the RRU. Alternatively, the RRU can generate the intra-node calibration signal before the antenna system is calibrated.

As an optional embodiment, step 101, controlling an antenna in a distributed node where a radio frequency unit is located to perform intra-node calibration includes:

in k time slots, performing intra-node calibration on k antenna groups in the distributed node in a cyclic calibration mode; wherein k is a positive integer, and the antennas in each antenna group are arranged in the order of increasing identification numbers.

It should be noted that, in step 101, performing intra-node calibration on the antenna in the distributed node where the control radio frequency unit is located may specifically include: firstly, grouping the antennas in the distributed node, and then, performing cyclic calibration by taking the antenna group as a minimum unit in a cyclic calibration mode, namely, in one time slot, all antennas of one antenna group simultaneously transmit intra-node calibration signals to corresponding antennas in the next adjacent antenna group, so that each antenna in the next antenna group is calibrated according to the intra-node calibration signals, and the calibration time is shortened.

Specifically, in k time slots, performing intra-node calibration on k antenna groups in the distributed node by adopting a cyclic calibration mode, including:

a) In the first time slot, the mth antenna of the first antenna group transmits the received intra-node calibration signal transmitted by the radio frequency unit to the mth antenna of the second antenna group, wherein m is a positive integer; for example, a first antenna in the first antenna group transmits the received intra-node calibration signal transmitted by the radio frequency unit to a first antenna in the second antenna group, and a second antenna in the first antenna group transmits the received intra-node calibration signal transmitted by the radio frequency unit to a second antenna in the second antenna group.

b) In the q time slot, the m antenna of the q antenna group is calibrated according to the received intra-node calibration signal sent by the q-1 antenna group, and the received intra-node calibration signal sent by the radio frequency unit is sent to the m antenna of the q+1 antenna group; wherein q is an integer greater than 1 and less than k; for example, in the first time slot, each antenna in the first antenna group correspondingly transmits the received intra-node calibration signal transmitted by the radio frequency unit to each antenna in the second antenna group; and in the second time slot, each antenna in the second antenna group correspondingly transmits the received intra-node calibration signal transmitted by the radio frequency unit to each antenna in the third antenna group.

c) In the kth time slot, the mth antenna in the kth antenna group transmits the received intra-node calibration signal transmitted by the radio frequency unit to the (m+1) th antenna in the first antenna group, so that all the other antennas except the first antenna in the first antenna group are calibrated according to the received intra-node calibration signal transmitted by the kth antenna group; and m is a positive integer, a first antenna in the first antenna group is the main reference antenna, and calibration signals sent by the antennas of each antenna group are orthogonal to each other.

It should be noted that, the cyclic calibration in the present embodiment may be specifically classified into corresponding calibration and misalignment calibration; the first antenna group to the k-1 antenna group are calibrated correspondingly in sequence in different time slots, and the k antenna group and the first antenna group are calibrated in a dislocation mode, so that the intra-node calibration of all antennas in the distributed node by taking the first antenna of the first antenna group as a reference antenna is realized through intra-node calibration.

The process of intra-node calibration is described below in conjunction with fig. 4:

assuming that 12 antennas are shared in a radio frequency unit and are divided into 4 groups, antennas 1, 5 and 9 are the 1 st group, antennas 2, 6 and 10 are the 2 nd group, and so on; in the first time slot, the antenna 1 is used as a reference antenna of the antenna 2, the antenna 5 is used as a reference antenna of the antenna 6, the antenna 9 is used as a reference antenna of the antenna 10, and the antennas 1, 5 and 9 initiate antenna calibration at the same time; the second time slot and the third time slot are similar to the first time slot, and the fourth time slot is initiated by the 4 th group antenna to the 1 st group antenna, namely: the antenna 4 is used as a reference antenna of the antenna 5, and the antenna 8 is used as a reference antenna of the antenna 9 to initiate calibration.

If the number of antennas and the number of groups of the group are not an integer multiple, for example: the 11 antennas are divided into 4 groups, so that in the third time slot, the 11 antennas do not need to send calibration signals to the fourth group of antennas, and the calibration process of other antennas is similar to that described above; another example is: the 13 antennas are divided into 4 groups, and in the fourth time slot, the 12 antennas are used as reference antennas of the 13 antennas to initiate calibration.

When the antennas are grouped in the node, as shown in fig. 4, they may be sequentially arranged and grouped according to the identification numbers of the antennas, or may be randomly grouped, so long as the first antenna group to the k-1 antenna group are calibrated in order, and the k-1 antenna group and the 1 antenna group are calibrated in a staggered manner when the calibration in the node can be ensured.

Therefore, step 101, the step of controlling the antennas in the distributed node where the radio frequency unit is located to perform intra-node calibration is performed, and the calibration of each antenna in the distributed node by taking the first antenna in the first group as a reference antenna is realized by grouping the antennas in the distributed node and performing cyclic calibration (cyclic corresponding calibration and dislocation calibration) among the groups, so that the complexity and the implementation difficulty of the calibration coupling circuit are greatly reduced, and compared with the serial calibration in the node, the calibration time is shortened.

As an alternative embodiment, step 103, determining the radio frequency response characteristic according to the received calibration signal, and transmitting the radio frequency response characteristic to the baseband processing unit, includes:

a) And controlling the main reference antennas of the distributed nodes and the main reference antennas of other distributed nodes to transmit and receive main calibration signals among the nodes according to the calibration sequence in the inter-node calibration signaling.

In this step, the primary reference antenna is preferably the first antenna in the first antenna group in the distributed node.

It should be noted that, in the antenna calibration process, the baseband processing unit may periodically send the inter-node calibration signaling to the radio frequency unit, and the period for sending the inter-node calibration signaling may be determined according to the number of distributed nodes in the antenna system, and specifically, the more distributed nodes, the smaller the period for sending the inter-node calibration signaling.

In addition, the inter-node calibration signaling also includes information indicating to stop intra-node calibration and to start inter-node calibration; that is, after receiving the inter-node calibration signaling sent by the baseband processing unit, the radio frequency unit stops the current inter-node calibration, and starts the inter-node antenna calibration according to the calibration sequence in the inter-node calibration signaling. For example, the baseband processing unit controls 4 distributed nodes, and the calibration sequence specified by the inter-node calibration signaling sent by the baseband processing unit is [2, 1, 3, 4], so that in the first time slot, the main reference antenna of the second node broadcasts the inter-node calibration signal to other nodes, and the other nodes receive the inter-node calibration signal; similarly, in the second time slot, the main reference antenna of the first node broadcasts an inter-node calibration signal to other nodes, and the other nodes receive the inter-node calibration signal; the third and fourth slots are similar to the first and second slots and are not described again here.

b) And determining the main radio frequency response characteristic according to the main calibration signal between the nodes received by the main reference antenna, and transmitting the main radio frequency response characteristic to the baseband processing unit. Specifically, the primary radio frequency response characteristic may be time domain information and/or frequency domain information in the primary calibration signal; the primary radio frequency response characteristic may be used to generate a primary set of calibration parameters.

c) After a preset time slot is spaced, controlling auxiliary reference antennas of the distributed nodes and auxiliary reference antennas of other distributed nodes to transmit and receive auxiliary calibration signals among nodes according to the calibration sequence; wherein the auxiliary reference antenna is any antenna except a main reference antenna in the distributed node; in this step, the interval preset time slot is an interval preset time slot after all distributed nodes have performed calibration signal transmission and each distributed node receives calibration transmitted by other distributed nodes. In addition, the secondary reference antenna may be any antenna other than the primary reference antenna that is randomly determined periodically. The auxiliary reference antenna is randomly changed by periodically and randomly determining the auxiliary reference antenna, so that the accuracy of antenna calibration is improved to a certain extent.

d) And determining auxiliary radio frequency response characteristics according to the auxiliary calibration signals between the nodes received by the auxiliary reference antenna, and sending the auxiliary radio frequency response characteristics to the baseband processing unit. Specifically, the secondary radio frequency response characteristic may be time domain information and/or frequency domain information in the secondary reference signal; the radiation frequency response characteristic may be used to generate a set of secondary calibration parameters.

In this embodiment, the radio frequency unit determines the primary radio frequency response characteristic according to the received primary calibration signal, determines the secondary radio frequency response characteristic according to the received secondary calibration signal, and sends the primary radio frequency response characteristic and the secondary radio frequency response characteristic to the baseband processing unit respectively, so that the baseband processing unit calculates the calibration factor, and calibration between the primary reference antennas between the nodes is achieved. Therefore, the calibration between the nodes is completed at the base station side, the participation of user equipment is not needed, a great amount of pilot frequency expenses and feedback expenses are avoided from being generated at the user side, and the cost of antenna calibration is saved.

As an alternative embodiment, the antenna calibration method further comprises:

and updating the auxiliary reference antennas in the distributed nodes according to the auxiliary reference antenna updating period issued by the baseband processing unit.

In this embodiment, "updating" includes random replacement, for example, the secondary reference antenna may be replaced by periodically running a random function.

It should be noted that, the secondary reference antenna update period may be determined by the baseband processing unit according to the number of antennas in the distributed node, and specifically, the larger the number of antennas, the smaller the secondary reference antenna update period.

Further, in the process of performing the inter-node calibration, there may be a situation that the calibration signal is unreachable due to an excessive distance between the antennas between the nodes or an insufficient transmission power of the calibration signal, and therefore the calibration signal needs to be transferred, so as an optional embodiment, step 102, according to the inter-node calibration signaling issued by the baseband processing unit, the controlling the transmitting and receiving of the calibration signal between the antennas of the distributed node and the antennas of other distributed nodes includes:

when antennas of distributed nodes send inter-node calibration signals to antennas of other distributed nodes, if the inter-node calibration signals which are sent by a baseband processing unit and are requested to be transmitted are received, the inter-node calibration signals are sent to the baseband processing unit;

when the antennas of the distributed nodes receive the inter-node calibration signals sent by the antennas of other distributed nodes, if the inter-node calibration signals are not received, an inter-node calibration signal transmission request is sent to the baseband processing unit, and the inter-node calibration signals sent by the baseband processing unit are received.

According to the antenna calibration method, firstly, grouping circulation calibration in the node is carried out, so that the complexity and the implementation difficulty of a calibration coupling circuit are greatly reduced, and compared with serial calibration, the calibration time is locked; secondly, calibrating the nodes to calibrate the main reference antenna in each distributed node, wherein the step is completed at the base station side without participation of user equipment, and a great amount of pilot frequency expenditure and feedback expenditure are avoided from being generated by the user side; and finally, correcting the divided main reference antennas in each distributed node according to the calibration factors obtained by the calibration among the nodes, so that the main and auxiliary dual calibration is adopted, the calibration results are tracked, verified and corrected, and the calibration accuracy is ensured.

As shown in fig. 2, a second step of the antenna calibration method according to the embodiment of the present application is shown, where the antenna calibration method is applied to a baseband processing unit, and the method includes:

step 201: determining a calibration period among nodes according to the number of distributed nodes of the antenna system;

step 202: according to the inter-node calibration period, periodically transmitting inter-node calibration signaling to a plurality of radio frequency units of the antenna system; the inter-node calibration signaling may include: the calibration sequence, information indicating stopping intra-node calibration, and information indicating starting inter-node calibration.

Step 203: after transmitting inter-node calibration signaling to a plurality of radio frequency units, receiving radio frequency response characteristics transmitted by the plurality of radio frequency units;

step 204: calculating a set of inter-node calibration parameters based on the radio frequency response characteristic; the set of calibration parameters is used to achieve calibration of the primary reference antenna in each distributed node at the time of inter-node calibration.

Step 205: each element in the inter-node calibration parameter set is respectively issued to a corresponding radio frequency unit; wherein each element of the inter-node calibration parameter set is a calibration factor of the corresponding distributed node.

According to the antenna calibration method, according to the inter-node calibration period, the inter-node calibration signaling is periodically sent to the radio frequency unit to instruct the radio frequency unit to perform inter-node calibration according to the inter-node calibration signaling, so that the inter-node calibration can be completed at the base station side without participation of user equipment, and a great amount of pilot frequency overhead and feedback overhead generated by the user side are avoided.

Further, as an optional embodiment, the antenna calibration method further includes:

determining an intra-node calibration signal for each antenna in each distributed node;

and sending the intra-node calibration signal to each corresponding radio frequency unit.

It should be noted that the calibration sequence in the node may be a calibration sequence generated by the BBU according to a preset rule, or may be generated in advance by other external structures and sent to the BBU. Specifically, the calibration signal in the node may be preset by a designer according to the requirement and stored in a memory or BBU of the base station.

As an optional embodiment, step 204, calculating the set of calibration parameters between nodes based on the radio frequency response characteristics includes:

a) Generating a main calibration parameter set according to main radio frequency response characteristics sent by the plurality of radio frequency units;

b) Generating an auxiliary calibration parameter set according to auxiliary radio frequency response characteristics sent by the plurality of radio frequency units;

c) And determining the inter-node calibration parameter set according to the main calibration parameter set and the auxiliary calibration parameter set.

In this embodiment, the primary radio frequency response characteristic is time domain information and/or frequency domain information in the received primary calibration signal; the secondary radio frequency response characteristic is time domain information and/or frequency domain information in the received secondary calibration signal.

The specific implementation process of this embodiment may be: each radio frequency unit constructs the main radio frequency response characteristics sent by other received radio frequency units into a main gain matrix, and a main calibration parameter set is obtained through calculation of the main gain matrix; and obtaining auxiliary calibration parameter sets in the same way, and finally determining the inter-node calibration parameter sets according to the main calibration parameter sets and the auxiliary calibration parameter sets. Specifically, the main calibration parameter set obtained by calculating the main gain matrix may be: and obtaining a main calibration parameter set by solving the eigenvector corresponding to the minimum eigenvalue of the main gain matrix.

As a specific embodiment, step 203, determining the inter-node calibration parameter set according to the primary calibration parameter set and the secondary calibration parameter set includes:

a) Respectively obtaining the difference values of corresponding elements in the main calibration parameter set and the auxiliary calibration parameter set; specifically, A of the main calibration parameter set is obtained _ij B of element and auxiliary calibration parameter set _ij Difference of elements.

b) When the difference value is smaller than a preset value, determining that the element of the main calibration parameter set is a corresponding element in the calibration parameter set;

c) When the difference value is greater than or equal to the preset value, carrying out weighted average calculation on the elements of the main calibration parameter set and the elements of the auxiliary calibration parameter set corresponding to the difference value according to a preset weight value, and taking the calculation result as the corresponding element in the calibration parameter set.

In this embodiment, the preset weight may be a preset weight, or may be a weight determined by the baseband processing unit according to the network deployment condition of the antenna system. The calibration parameter set determined by the method of the embodiment can improve the accuracy of correcting the calibration result in the node to a certain extent.

Further, in the process of performing the inter-node calibration, there may be a case that the calibration signal is not reachable due to an excessive distance between antennas between the nodes or an insufficient transmission power of the calibration signal, and therefore, the calibration signal needs to be relayed, so as an optional embodiment, the method further includes:

When receiving a calibration signal between the nodes required to be transmitted, which is sent by a first radio frequency unit, sending a calibration signal transmission request between the nodes to a second radio frequency unit; the first radio frequency unit is a radio frequency unit currently positioned for receiving calibration signals between nodes, and the second radio frequency unit is a radio frequency unit currently positioned for transmitting calibration signals between nodes;

and receiving the inter-node calibration signal sent by the second radio frequency unit, and sending the inter-node calibration signal to the first radio frequency unit.

Further, as another alternative embodiment, the method further includes:

and determining an auxiliary reference antenna updating period of each distributed node according to the number of antennas in each distributed node, and transmitting each auxiliary reference antenna updating period to the radio frequency unit of the corresponding distributed node.

According to the antenna calibration method, the inter-node calibration signaling is periodically sent to the radio frequency unit, so that the radio frequency unit can periodically perform inter-node calibration, the inter-node calibration of the main reference antenna is realized, the correction of the intra-node calibration results of other antennas is realized according to the calibration factors broadcasted by the main reference antenna, the calibration precision is improved, and the pilot frequency cost and the feedback cost of a user side are reduced.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency unit according to an embodiment of the present application, where the radio frequency unit includes:

the first calibration module 501 is configured to control an antenna in a distributed node where the radio frequency unit is located to perform intra-node calibration;

the control module 502 is configured to control, according to the inter-node calibration signaling issued by the baseband processing unit, transmit and receive an inter-node calibration signal between the antenna of the distributed node and the antennas of other distributed nodes;

a processing module 503, configured to determine a radio frequency response characteristic according to the received calibration signal, and send the radio frequency response characteristic to a baseband processing unit;

a second calibration module 504, configured to calibrate the main reference antenna of the distributed node according to a calibration factor determined by the radio frequency response characteristic and issued by the baseband processing unit;

and the correction module 505 is configured to correct intra-node calibration results of other antennas except the main reference antenna in the distributed node by controlling the main reference antenna to broadcast the calibration factor in the distributed node.

The radio frequency unit of the embodiment of the application further comprises:

the acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of intra-node calibration signals for intra-node calibration of the antennas in the distributed nodes;

And the transmitting module is used for respectively transmitting the plurality of intra-node calibration signals to corresponding antennas in the distributed node.

In the radio frequency unit of the embodiment of the present application, the first calibration module 501 includes:

the first calibration submodule is used for carrying out intra-node calibration on k antenna groups in the distributed node in k time slots in a cyclic calibration mode; wherein k is a positive integer, and the antennas in each antenna group are arranged in the order of increasing identification numbers.

In the radio frequency unit of the embodiment of the present application, the first calibration submodule includes:

the first transmitting unit is used for transmitting the received intra-node calibration signal transmitted by the radio frequency unit to the mth antenna of the second antenna group by the mth antenna of the first antenna group in a first time slot, wherein m is a positive integer;

the first processing unit is used for calibrating the mth antenna of the q antenna group according to the received intra-node calibration signal sent by the q-1 antenna group in the q time slot, and sending the received intra-node calibration signal sent by the radio frequency unit to the mth antenna of the q+1 antenna group; wherein q is an integer greater than 1 and less than k;

the second processing unit is used for calibrating an mth antenna in the kth antenna group according to the received calibration signal sent by the kth-1 antenna group in the kth time slot, and sending the received intra-node calibration signal sent by the radio frequency unit to an (m+1) th antenna in the first antenna group so that all the antennas except the first antenna in the first antenna group are calibrated according to the intra-node calibration signal sent by the antenna of the kth antenna group; wherein m is a positive integer, a first antenna in the first antenna group is a main reference antenna, and calibration signals sent by the antennas of each antenna group are orthogonal to each other.

In the radio frequency unit of the embodiment of the present application, the processing module 53 includes:

the first receiving and transmitting sub-module is used for controlling the main reference antennas of the distributed nodes and the main reference antennas of other distributed nodes to receive and transmit main calibration signals between the nodes according to the calibration sequence in the inter-node calibration signaling;

the first processing sub-module determines main radio frequency response characteristics according to the main calibration signals between nodes received by the main reference antenna and sends the main radio frequency response characteristics to the baseband processing unit;

the second receiving and transmitting sub-module is used for controlling the auxiliary reference antennas of the distributed nodes and the auxiliary reference antennas of other distributed nodes to receive and transmit auxiliary calibration signals among the nodes according to the calibration sequence after the interval of the preset time slot; the auxiliary reference antenna is any antenna except the main reference antenna in the distributed node;

and the second processing sub-module is used for determining auxiliary radio frequency response characteristics according to the auxiliary calibration signals between the nodes received by the auxiliary reference antenna and sending the auxiliary radio frequency response characteristics to the baseband processing unit.

and the updating module is used for updating the auxiliary reference antenna in the distributed node according to the auxiliary reference antenna updating period issued by the baseband processing unit.

In the radio frequency unit of the embodiment of the present application, the control module 502 is configured to: when antennas of distributed nodes send inter-node calibration signals to antennas of other distributed nodes, if the inter-node calibration signals which are sent by a baseband processing unit and are requested to be transmitted are received, the inter-node calibration signals are sent to the baseband processing unit;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a baseband processing unit according to an embodiment of the present application, where the baseband processing unit includes:

a first determining module 601, configured to determine an inter-node calibration period according to the number of distributed nodes of the antenna system;

a first transmitting module 602, configured to periodically transmit an inter-node calibration signaling to a plurality of radio frequency units of the antenna system according to an inter-node calibration period;

a first receiving module 603, configured to receive radio frequency response characteristics sent by the plurality of radio frequency units after sending inter-node calibration signaling to the plurality of radio frequency units;

A calculating module 604, configured to calculate a set of calibration parameters between nodes according to the radio frequency response characteristic;

a second sending module 605, configured to send each element in the inter-node calibration parameter set to a corresponding radio frequency unit respectively; wherein each element of the inter-node calibration parameter set is a calibration factor of the corresponding distributed node.

The baseband processing unit according to the embodiment of the application further includes:

a second determining module, configured to determine an intra-node calibration signal for each antenna in each distributed node;

and the third transmitting module is used for transmitting the intra-node calibration signal to each corresponding radio frequency unit.

In the baseband processing unit of the embodiment of the present application, the calculating module 604 includes:

the first generation sub-module is used for generating a main calibration parameter set according to the main radio frequency response characteristics sent by the plurality of radio frequency units;

the second generating sub-module is used for generating an auxiliary calibration parameter set according to the auxiliary radio frequency response characteristics sent by the plurality of radio frequency units;

and the determining submodule is used for determining the inter-node calibration parameter set according to the main calibration parameter set and the auxiliary calibration parameter set.

In the baseband processing unit of the embodiment of the present application, determining the submodule includes:

the acquisition unit is used for respectively acquiring the difference values of corresponding elements in the main calibration parameter set and the auxiliary calibration parameter set;

The determining unit is used for determining that the elements of the main calibration parameter set are corresponding elements in the calibration parameter set when the difference value is smaller than a preset value;

and the calculating unit is used for carrying out weighted average calculation on the elements of the main calibration parameter set and the auxiliary calibration parameter set corresponding to the difference value according to the preset weight value when the difference value is larger than or equal to the preset value, and taking the calculation result as the corresponding element in the calibration parameter set.

the fourth sending module is used for sending an inter-node calibration signal transmission request to the second radio frequency unit when receiving the inter-node calibration signal which is sent by the first radio frequency unit and is requested to be transmitted; the first radio frequency unit is a radio frequency unit which is currently positioned for receiving calibration signals between nodes, and the second radio frequency unit is a radio frequency unit which is currently positioned for transmitting calibration signals between nodes;

the second receiving module is used for receiving the inter-node calibration signal sent by the second radio frequency unit and sending the inter-node calibration signal to the first radio frequency unit.

and the third determining module is used for determining the updating period of the auxiliary reference antenna of each distributed node according to the number of the antennas in each distributed node and sending each updating period of the auxiliary reference antenna to the radio frequency unit of the corresponding distributed node.

The embodiment of the application also provides a base station, which comprises: the antenna calibration method comprises a processor, a memory and a program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the program is executed by the processor to realize the various processes of the antenna calibration method embodiment applied to the radio frequency unit and/or the various processes of the antenna calibration method embodiment applied to the baseband processing unit, and the same technical effects can be achieved, and the repetition is avoided, so that the description is omitted.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, where a program is stored, where the program when executed by a processor implements each process of the embodiment of the antenna calibration method applied to a radio frequency unit, and/or each process of the embodiment of the antenna calibration method applied to a baseband processing unit, where the process is described above, and the same technical effects can be achieved, and for avoiding repetition, a detailed description is omitted herein. The readable storage medium may be, for example, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

Optionally, an embodiment of the present application further provides a radio frequency unit, including:

The processor is used for controlling the antenna in the distributed node where the radio frequency unit is positioned to calibrate the inside of the node; according to the inter-node calibration signaling issued by the baseband processing unit, controlling the antennas of the distributed nodes to transmit and receive inter-node calibration signals with the antennas of other distributed nodes; according to the received calibration signal, determining the radio frequency response characteristic, and transmitting the radio frequency response characteristic to a baseband processing unit; according to the calibration factor which is issued by the baseband processing unit and determined by the radio frequency response characteristic, performing inter-node calibration on the main reference antenna of the distributed node; and correcting the intra-node calibration results of other antennas except the main reference antenna in the distributed node by controlling the main reference antenna to broadcast the calibration factors in the distributed node.

The processor may also be configured to implement the functions implemented by all the modules in the above-described embodiments of the radio frequency unit, and achieve the same technical effects as those achieved by the above-described embodiments of the terminal.

Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those embodiments may occur to one skilled in the art and that such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present application without departing from the principles set forth herein.

A1. An antenna calibration method applied to a radio frequency unit, the method comprising:

A2. The method of claim A1, wherein prior to controlling the antennas within the distributed node where the radio frequency unit is located for intra-node calibration, the method further comprises:

A3. The method of claim A2, wherein the controlling the antennas in the distributed node where the radio frequency unit is located for intra-node calibration comprises:

A4. The method of claim A3, wherein the performing intra-node calibration on the k antenna groups in the distributed node in a cyclic calibration manner in k time slots comprises:

in the first time slot, the mth antenna of the first antenna group transmits the received intra-node calibration signal transmitted by the radio frequency unit to the mth antenna of the second antenna group, wherein m is a positive integer;

In the q time slot, the m antenna of the q antenna group is calibrated according to the received intra-node calibration signal sent by the q-1 antenna group, and the received intra-node calibration signal sent by the radio frequency unit is sent to the m antenna of the q+1 antenna group; wherein q is an integer greater than 1 and less than k;

in the kth time slot, the mth antenna in the kth antenna group is calibrated according to the received calibration signal sent by the kth-1 antenna group, and the received intra-node calibration signal sent by the radio frequency unit is sent to the (m+1) th antenna in the first antenna group, so that all the other antennas except the first antenna in the first antenna group are calibrated according to the received intra-node calibration signal sent by the antennas of the kth antenna group; and m is a positive integer, a first antenna in the first antenna group is the main reference antenna, and calibration signals sent by the antennas of each antenna group are orthogonal to each other.

A5. The method of claim A1, wherein determining the radio frequency response characteristic from the received calibration signal and transmitting the radio frequency response characteristic to a baseband processing unit comprises:

according to the calibration sequence in the inter-node calibration signaling, controlling the main reference antennas of the distributed nodes and the main reference antennas of other distributed nodes to transmit and receive the inter-node main calibration signals;

Determining a main radio frequency response characteristic according to the main calibration signal between the nodes received by the main reference antenna, and sending the main radio frequency response characteristic to the baseband processing unit;

after a preset time slot is spaced, controlling auxiliary reference antennas of the distributed nodes and auxiliary reference antennas of other distributed nodes to transmit and receive auxiliary calibration signals among nodes according to the calibration sequence; wherein the auxiliary reference antenna is any antenna except a main reference antenna in the distributed node;

and determining auxiliary radio frequency response characteristics according to the auxiliary calibration signals between the nodes received by the auxiliary reference antenna, and sending the auxiliary radio frequency response characteristics to the baseband processing unit.

A6. The method of claim A5, wherein the method further comprises:

and updating the auxiliary reference antenna in the distributed node according to the auxiliary reference antenna updating period issued by the baseband processing unit.

A7. The method of claim A1, wherein the controlling the transmitting and receiving of the calibration signal between the antenna of the distributed node and the antennas of other distributed nodes according to the inter-node calibration signaling issued by the baseband processing unit includes:

When the antennas of the distributed nodes send the inter-node calibration signals to the antennas of other distributed nodes, if the inter-node calibration signals which are sent by a baseband processing unit and are requested to be transmitted are received, the inter-node calibration signals are sent to the baseband processing unit;

B8. An antenna calibration method applied to a baseband processing unit, the method comprising:

B9. The method of claim B8, wherein the method further comprises:

B10. The method of claim B8, wherein said calculating a set of inter-node calibration parameters based on said radio frequency response characteristics comprises:

generating a main calibration parameter set according to main radio frequency response characteristics sent by a plurality of radio frequency units;

generating an auxiliary calibration parameter set according to auxiliary radio frequency response characteristics sent by the plurality of radio frequency units;

and determining the inter-node calibration parameter set according to the main calibration parameter set and the auxiliary calibration parameter set.

B11. The method of claim B10, wherein said determining said inter-node calibration parameter set from said primary calibration parameter set and said secondary calibration parameter set comprises:

respectively obtaining the difference values of corresponding elements in the main calibration parameter set and the auxiliary calibration parameter set;

When the difference value is smaller than a preset value, determining that the element of the main calibration parameter set is a corresponding element in the calibration parameter set;

and when the difference value is greater than or equal to the preset value, carrying out weighted average calculation on the elements of the main calibration parameter set and the elements of the auxiliary calibration parameter set corresponding to the difference value according to a preset weight value, and taking a calculation result as the corresponding elements in the calibration parameter set.

B12. The method of claim B8, wherein the method further comprises:

B13. The method of claim B8, wherein the method further comprises:

C14. A radio frequency unit, comprising:

C15. The radio frequency unit according to claim C14, wherein the radio frequency unit further comprises:

C16. The radio frequency unit of claim C14, wherein the first calibration module comprises:

C17. The radio frequency unit of claim C16, wherein the first calibration submodule comprises:

The second processing unit is used for calibrating an mth antenna in a kth antenna group according to a received calibration signal sent by a kth-1 antenna group in a kth time slot, and sending the received intra-node calibration signal sent by the radio frequency unit to an (m+1) th antenna in a first antenna group so that all other antennas except the first antenna in the first antenna group can be calibrated according to the received intra-node calibration signal sent by the antennas of the kth antenna group; and m is a positive integer, a first antenna in the first antenna group is the main reference antenna, and calibration signals sent by the antennas of each antenna group are orthogonal to each other.

C18. The radio frequency unit of claim C14, wherein the processing module comprises:

the first processing sub-module is used for determining main radio frequency response characteristics according to the main calibration signals between the nodes received by the main reference antenna and sending the main radio frequency response characteristics to the baseband processing unit;

The second transceiver sub-module is used for controlling the auxiliary reference antennas of the distributed nodes and the auxiliary reference antennas of other distributed nodes to transmit and receive auxiliary calibration signals between the nodes according to the calibration sequence after the interval of the preset time slot; wherein the auxiliary reference antenna is any antenna except a main reference antenna in the distributed node;

C19. The radio frequency unit according to claim C18, wherein the radio frequency unit further comprises:

C20. The radio frequency unit of claim C14, wherein the control module is configured to:

D21. A baseband processing unit comprising:

D22. The baseband processing unit according to claim D21, further comprising:

D23. The baseband processing unit according to claim D21, wherein the computing module comprises:

the second generation submodule is used for generating an auxiliary calibration parameter set according to the auxiliary radio frequency response characteristics sent by the plurality of radio frequency units;

D24. The baseband processing unit according to claim D23, wherein the determining submodule comprises:

a determining unit, configured to determine, when the difference value is smaller than a preset value, that an element of the main calibration parameter set is a corresponding element in the calibration parameter set;

And the calculating unit is used for carrying out weighted average calculation on the elements of the main calibration parameter set and the elements of the auxiliary calibration parameter set corresponding to the difference value according to a preset weight value when the difference value is larger than or equal to the preset value, and taking the calculation result as the corresponding elements in the calibration parameter set.

D25. The baseband processing unit according to claim D21, further comprising:

the fourth sending module is used for sending an inter-node calibration signal transmission request to the second radio frequency unit when receiving the inter-node calibration signal which is sent by the first radio frequency unit and is requested to be transmitted; the first radio frequency unit is a radio frequency unit currently positioned for receiving calibration signals between nodes, and the second radio frequency unit is a radio frequency unit currently positioned for transmitting calibration signals between nodes;

and the second receiving module is used for receiving the inter-node calibration signal sent by the second radio frequency unit and sending the inter-node calibration signal to the first radio frequency unit.

D26. The baseband processing unit according to claim D21, further comprising:

and the third determining module is used for determining an auxiliary reference antenna updating period of each distributed node according to the number of antennas in each distributed node and sending each auxiliary reference antenna updating period to the radio frequency unit of the corresponding distributed node.

E27. A base station, comprising: a processor, a memory and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor, performs the steps of the antenna calibration method according to any one of claims A1 to A7 and/or the steps of the antenna calibration method according to any one of claims B8 to B13.

F28. A readable storage medium, characterized in that the readable storage medium has stored thereon a program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the antenna calibration method according to any one of claims A1 to A7 and/or the steps of the antenna calibration method according to any one of claims B8 to B13.

Claims

1. An antenna calibration method applied to a radio frequency unit, the method comprising:

according to the received calibration signal, determining the radio frequency response characteristic and transmitting the radio frequency response characteristic to a baseband processing unit, including: according to the calibration sequence in the inter-node calibration signaling, controlling the main reference antennas of the distributed nodes and the main reference antennas of other distributed nodes to transmit and receive the inter-node main calibration signals; determining a main radio frequency response characteristic according to the main calibration signal between the nodes received by the main reference antenna, and sending the main radio frequency response characteristic to the baseband processing unit; after a preset time slot is spaced, controlling auxiliary reference antennas of the distributed nodes and auxiliary reference antennas of other distributed nodes to transmit and receive auxiliary calibration signals among nodes according to the calibration sequence; wherein the auxiliary reference antenna is any antenna except a main reference antenna in the distributed node; determining an auxiliary radio frequency response characteristic according to the auxiliary calibration signal between the nodes received by the auxiliary reference antenna, and sending the auxiliary radio frequency response characteristic to the baseband processing unit;

2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to controlling the antennas within the distributed node where the radio frequency unit is located for intra-node calibration, the method further comprises:

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the controlling the antenna in the distributed node where the radio frequency unit is located for intra-node calibration comprises:

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the performing intra-node calibration on k antenna groups in the distributed node in a cyclic calibration manner in k time slots comprises:

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the controlling the transmitting and receiving of the calibration signal between the antenna of the distributed node and the antennas of other distributed nodes according to the inter-node calibration signaling issued by the baseband processing unit includes:

7. An antenna calibration method applied to a baseband processing unit, the method comprising:

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises:

9. The method of claim 7, wherein said calculating an inter-node calibration parameter set based on said radio frequency response characteristics comprises:

10. The method of claim 9, wherein said determining said inter-node calibration parameter set from said primary calibration parameter set and said secondary calibration parameter set comprises:

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises:

12. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises:

13. A radio frequency unit, comprising:

14. The radio frequency unit of claim 13, further comprising:

15. The radio frequency unit of claim 13, wherein the first calibration module comprises:

16. The radio frequency unit of claim 15, wherein the first calibration submodule comprises:

17. The radio frequency unit of claim 13, wherein the processing module comprises:

18. The radio frequency unit of claim 17, further comprising:

19. The radio frequency unit of claim 13, wherein the control module is configured to:

20. A baseband processing unit comprising:

21. The baseband processing unit according to claim 20, further comprising:

22. The baseband processing unit according to claim 20, wherein the computing module comprises:

23. The baseband processing unit according to claim 22, wherein the determining submodule comprises:

24. The baseband processing unit according to claim 20, further comprising:

25. The baseband processing unit according to claim 20, further comprising:

26. A base station, comprising: a processor, a memory and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the antenna calibration method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and/or the steps of the antenna calibration method according to any one of claims 8 to 13.

27. A readable storage medium, characterized in that the readable storage medium has stored thereon a program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the antenna calibration method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and/or the steps of the antenna calibration method according to any one of claims 7 to 12.