CN114035374A - Optical film and display module - Google Patents
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- CN114035374A CN114035374A CN202111399043.8A CN202111399043A CN114035374A CN 114035374 A CN114035374 A CN 114035374A CN 202111399043 A CN202111399043 A CN 202111399043A CN 114035374 A CN114035374 A CN 114035374A
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- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
- G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides an optical film, includes: a first dielectric layer; the second dielectric layers and the first dielectric layers are sequentially and alternately stacked to form a stacked structure, and the refractive index of the second dielectric layers is smaller than that of the first dielectric layers adjacent to the second dielectric layers.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to an optical film and a display module.
Background
A direct-type display device is a display device in which a light-emitting light source such as a light-emitting diode (LED) is disposed behind a panel, and the panel is directly irradiated with the light-emitting light source to display an image. Compared with a lateral display device, the direct type display device has the advantages of wide color gamut and high contrast and brightness, but has relatively large thickness and is not beneficial to realizing structural lightness and thinness.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an optical film and a display module, thickness size that can the straight following formula display device of attenuate realizes the frivolousization of structure.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical film, including: a first dielectric layer; the second dielectric layers and the first dielectric layers are sequentially and alternately stacked to form a stacked structure, and the refractive index of the second dielectric layers is smaller than that of the first dielectric layers adjacent to the second dielectric layers.
In some embodiments, the first dielectric layer has an optical thickness of/1Then, then
Wherein λ is1The wavelength of visible light in the first dielectric layer, and k is a natural number.
In some embodiments, the optical film comprises a plurality of first medium layers, and the refractive indexes of the first medium layers in different layers are the same or different; and/or the thicknesses of the first dielectric layers at different layers are the same or different.
In some embodiments, the optical film comprises a plurality of second medium layers, and the refractive indexes of the second medium layers in different layers are the same or different; and/or the thicknesses of the second dielectric layers at different layers are the same or different.
In some embodiments, any one second dielectric layer is disposed between two first dielectric layers.
In some embodiments, the optical film further comprises a light-condensing layer disposed on the light-incident side of the laminated structure.
In some embodiments, the light-condensing layer has a prismatic configuration, a pyramidal configuration, or a lenticular configuration; and/or the light-gathering layer is a plurality of layers which are sequentially stacked.
In some embodiments, the optical film further comprises a light diffusing layer disposed on a light exit side of the laminated structure.
In some embodiments, the light diffusing layer has a prismatic configuration, a pyramidal configuration, or a lenticular configuration; and/or the light diffusion layer is a plurality of layers, and the plurality of layers of light diffusion layers are sequentially stacked.
On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a display module, including the optical film described in any of the above embodiments, having a light incident side and a light emitting side that are oppositely disposed; and the light-emitting unit is arranged on the light incident side of the optical film.
In some embodiments, the display module further includes a reflective sheet disposed on a side of the light emitting unit away from the optical film.
According to the embodiment of the application, the first medium layers and the second medium layers are sequentially and alternately stacked, the refractive index of the second medium layers is smaller than that of the first medium layers adjacent to the second medium layers, light emitted by the light emitting source can be selectively transmitted in the longitudinal direction, small-angle light is strongly reflected, large-angle light is strongly transmitted, and diffusion expansion is performed in the transverse direction, so that light intensity equalization and full mixing of three primary color lights in different regions are realized, the light intensity of the different regions of the panel is relatively close to that of the panel when light display is performed, the color is rich and vivid, and the uniform display effect is realized; therefore, a light mixing gap is not required to be arranged between the optical film and the light-emitting source, the arrangement tightness of the light-emitting source and the thickness or the number of the light diffusion plates are not required to be increased, the application of the light diffusion plates can be omitted, the thickness of the corresponding structure is reduced, the optical film is thinner, the thickness of the direct type display equipment can be reduced, and the structure is light and thin.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first cross-sectional block diagram of an optical film provided by some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a second cross-sectional block diagram of an optical film provided by some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a third cross-sectional block diagram of an optical film provided by some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a fourth cross-sectional block diagram of an optical film provided by some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a fifth cross-sectional block diagram of an optical film provided by some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of a display module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the simulation effect of a control group of a display module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating simulation effects of a display module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Description of the main element symbols:
100-a display module, 1-an optical film, 10-a first dielectric layer, 20-a second dielectric layer, 30-a light-gathering layer, 40-a light diffusion layer, 2-a light-emitting unit and 3-a reflector plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
"A and/or B" includes the following three combinations: a alone, B alone, and a combination of A and B.
The use of "adapted to" or "configured to" in this application means open and inclusive language that does not exclude devices adapted to or configured to perform additional tasks or steps. Additionally, the use of "based on" means open and inclusive, as a process, step, calculation, or other action that is "based on" one or more stated conditions or values may in practice be based on additional conditions or values beyond those stated.
In this application, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the application. In the following description, details are set forth for the purpose of explanation. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present application may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not set forth in detail in order to avoid obscuring the description of the present application with unnecessary detail. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.
In the related art, the direct type display device requires a light diffusion plate disposed between the light emitting sources and the panel, and the light diffusion plate can diffuse light emitted from the light emitting sources, thereby achieving a soft and uniform display effect on the panel. A certain light mixing gap is arranged between the light emitting source and the light diffusion plate, and the light diffusion plate and the light mixing gap are overlapped, so that the direct type display equipment is large in thickness.
In the related art, some direct type display apparatuses compress the distance between the light source and the diffuser plate to a large extent, so that the distance between the light source and the diffuser plate approaches zero, and accordingly, the distance between the light source and the panel is compressed, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the thickness of the entire display apparatus. Accordingly, the light mixing gap between the light emitting source and the light diffusion plate is also compressed to approach zero, and it is difficult to ensure sufficient mixing and uniform scattering of the three primary colors of light. For this reason, these direct type display devices reduce the arrangement pitch between the light emitting sources and improve the degree of close arrangement of the light emitting sources on the one hand, and increase the thickness or number of the light diffusing plates on the other hand to offset the negative effects of the reduction of the light mixing gap on the sufficiency of light mixing and the uniformity of scattering. The tight arrangement of the light-emitting sources can increase the difficulty of the arrangement of the lines and the temperature control of the whole machine, so that the cost is increased; the thickness or the number of the light diffusion plates is increased to offset the thinning effect, so that the thickness of the whole machine cannot be obviously thinned.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an optical film 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first dielectric layer 10 and a second dielectric layer 20, which can reduce the thickness of a direct-type display device, thereby achieving a light and thin structure. Here, the first dielectric layers 10 and the second dielectric layers 20 are alternately stacked in sequence to form a stacked structure, and the refractive index of the second dielectric layer 20 is smaller than that of the first dielectric layer 10 adjacent thereto. As shown in fig. 1, in some examples, the stacked structure may include only one first dielectric layer 10 and one second dielectric layer 20, the first dielectric layer 10 and the second dielectric layer 20 are stacked, and the refractive index of the second dielectric layer 20 is smaller than that of the first dielectric layer 10; as shown in fig. 2, in other examples, the stacked structure may include a first dielectric layer 10 and two second dielectric layers 20, where the two second dielectric layers 20 are respectively disposed on two sides of the first dielectric layer 10, and the refractive index of any one of the second dielectric layers 20 is smaller than the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 10; as shown in fig. 3, in still other examples, the stacked structure may include two first dielectric layers 10 and one second dielectric layer 20, the second dielectric layer 20 being sandwiched between the two first dielectric layers 10, the refractive index of the second dielectric layer 20 being smaller than the refractive indices of the two first dielectric layers 10; as shown in fig. 4, in still other examples, the stacked structure may include at least two first dielectric layers 10 and at least two second dielectric layers 20, the first dielectric layers 10 and the second dielectric layers 20 are alternately disposed in sequence, such that one second dielectric layer 20 is disposed between any two adjacent first dielectric layers 10, the refractive index of the second dielectric layer 20 is smaller than the refractive index of the two first dielectric layers 10, one first dielectric layer 10 is also disposed between any two adjacent second dielectric layers 20, and the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 10 is larger than the refractive index of the two second dielectric layers 20.
Light emitting sources such as light emitting diodes can be regarded as lambertian light sources, the brightness of light in all directions is unchanged, the light intensity follows the cosine law along with the change of an included angle between the observation direction and the normal line of the surface source, and the change characteristic that the intensity is weaker when the angle is larger is presented. In the related art not provided with the optical film 1 as provided in the embodiment of the present application, the light source for emitting light would be directly irradiated onto the panel. For the light directly irradiated on the panel from the light-emitting source and in the area right opposite to the light-emitting source, the incident angle of the light is small, and the light intensity is large; the light directly emitted from the light source to the other region of the light panel other than the directly opposite region has a large incident angle and a small light intensity. Therefore, the light intensity of the light irradiated on the panel from the light emitting source presents the change characteristic of gradually attenuating from the center of the first area to the outside, so that the uniformity of the light intensity of the panel in the light display is poor.
When the optical film 1 provided by the embodiment of the application is arranged between the luminous light source and the panel, the light emitted by the luminous light source firstly irradiates the optical film 1, and refraction and reflection simultaneously occur at the interface between the optical film 1 and the air. Light with a small incident angle has a high reflectance and a low transmittance at the interface, while light with a large incident angle has a low reflectance and a high transmittance at the interface. In this way, light irradiated from the light source to the region (hereinafter referred to as a first region) where the optical film 1 and the light source face each other is reflected strongly at the interface between the optical film 1 and the air because the incident angle is small, so that a large amount of light is reflected and cannot be transmitted through the first region of the optical film 1, thereby reducing the transmitted light intensity in the first region; the light irradiated from the light source to the other regions of the optical film 1 except the first region has a larger incident angle and is reflected weakly at the interface between the optical film 1 and the air, so that more light can be transmitted from the other regions of the optical film 1 except the first region, and the transmitted light intensity of the other regions is higher. Thus, the transmission light intensity of the first area on the optical film 1 is reduced, and the transmission light intensity of the other areas is maintained or improved, so that the transmission light intensities of the first area and the other areas tend to be close and relatively balanced, and further the corresponding areas on the panel are uniformly irradiated, so that the light intensities of different areas of the panel are relatively close when light display is carried out, and a uniform display effect is realized.
Similarly, transmitted light entering the optical film 1 is also simultaneously refracted and reflected at the interface between the first and second medium layers 10 and 20 as it propagates between the first and second medium layers 10 and 20. Light with a small incident angle has a high reflectance and a low transmittance at the interface, while light with a large incident angle has a low reflectance and a high transmittance at the interface. For ease of understanding, the following description will be given taking an example in which light is irradiated from the second medium layer 20 to the first medium layer 10; the case where light is irradiated from the first medium layer 10 to the second medium layer 20 is similar to the case where light is irradiated from the second medium layer 20 to the first medium layer 10, but the larger the refractive index of the medium layer is, the higher the interface reflectance is. For light transmitted from the first region of the optical film 1, when the light irradiates the first dielectric layer 10 from the second dielectric layer 20, the incident angle of the light is small, and the light is strongly reflected at the interface between the first dielectric layer 10 and the second dielectric layer 20, so that more light is reflected and cannot be transmitted from the part of the first dielectric layer 10 located in the first region, and the transmitted light intensity of the first region is reduced. For the light transmitted from the other regions of the optical film 1 except the first region, when the light irradiates the first medium layer 10 from the second medium layer 20, the incident angle of the light is smaller, and the light is weakly reflected at the interface between the first medium layer 10 and the second medium layer 20, so that more light can be transmitted from the other portions of the first medium layer 10 except the portion located in the first region, and the transmitted light intensity of the other regions except the first region is higher. Thus, the transmitted light intensity of the first region on the optical film 1 is further reduced, and the transmitted light intensity of other regions is maintained or improved, so that the transmitted light intensities of the first region and the other regions tend to be close and relatively balanced, and further the corresponding regions on the panel are uniformly irradiated, so that the light intensities of different regions of the panel are relatively close when light display is performed, and a uniform display effect is realized.
Meanwhile, for the reflected light at the interface between the first dielectric layer 10 and the second dielectric layer 20, the reflected light repeats reflection and transmission between the second dielectric layer 20 and the first dielectric layer 10 adjacent to the second dielectric layer 20, gradually diffuses to each region of the second dielectric layer 20 and transmits, so that the light originally concentrated in the first region of the optical film 1 is diffused to other regions, on one hand, the transmitted light intensity of the first region can be reduced, the transmitted light intensity of other regions can be improved, and the transmitted light intensities of the first region and other regions can further approach to each other; on the other hand, light emitted by the light emitting sources at different positions can be diffused along the transverse direction, so that the three primary colors can be uniformly and fully mixed, a large number of true display colors can be obtained, and the color gamut requirement is met. Like this, the light that the luminous intensity tends to be close can shine the corresponding region on the panel uniformly, makes the different regions of panel luminous intensity relatively close when carrying out the light show, and the colour is abundant lifelike, realizes the uniform display effect.
Compared with the prior art, the optical film 1 provided by the embodiment of the application can selectively transmit light emitted by the light emitting source in the longitudinal direction and diffuse and expand the light in the transverse direction, so that the light intensity equalization and the sufficient mixing of three primary colors of light in different areas are realized, the light intensity of different areas of the panel is relatively close, the color is rich and vivid when the light display is carried out, and the uniform display effect is realized. The optical film 1 and the light source of the embodiment of the application can not be provided with a light mixing gap, the arrangement tightness degree of the light source and the thickness or the number of the light diffusion plates are not required to be increased, the application of the light diffusion plates can be cancelled, the thickness of the corresponding structure is reduced, the thickness of the optical film 1 is thinner, the thickness of the direct type display equipment can be thinned, and the structure is light and thin. In addition, the optical film 1 provided by the embodiment of the application does not need to be aligned with a light-emitting source, so that the assembly difficulty and cost can be reduced, and the influence of dislocation caused by the reasons of expansion with heat, contraction with cold and the like on the display effect is avoided.
Since the refractive index of the first medium layer 10 is greater than that of the second medium layer 20, when light irradiates the first medium layer 10 from the air or the second medium layer 20, the refracted light (hereinafter referred to as first refracted light), i.e., the transmitted light, does not undergo a phase jump, and the reflected light (hereinafter referred to as first reflected light) has a phase pi jump to generate a half-wave loss; the first refracted light propagates through the first medium layer 10, and when the first refracted light is irradiated from the first medium layer 10 to the air or the second medium layer 20 on the other side, no phase jump occurs in the formed refracted light and the reflected light (hereinafter, referred to as a second reflected light). Thus, there is a phase difference of pi and lambda between the two reflected lights1The wavelength difference of/2 is the wavelength of visible light in the first dielectric layer 10.
Here, the reflected light can be enhanced by controlling the thickness of the first dielectric layer 10 so that the two reflected lights are superimposed on each other and grow. In some embodiments, the optical thickness of the first dielectric layer 10 is l1, which is the product of the geometric thickness of the first dielectric layer 10 and its refractive index. Here, l1 can be determined by the following equation:
The optical path of the first reflected light and the second reflected light formed thereby propagating in the first medium layer 10 is equal to twice the optical thickness of the first medium layer 10, i.e. 2l1. Accordingly, the optical path length difference between the second reflected light and the first reflected light is λ 12 and 2l1The sum of the first reflected light and the second reflected light is enhanced by making the phase difference thereof 2(k +1) pi, respectively, longer. Illustratively, the thickness of the laminated structure is no greater than 0.1 mm.
As mentioned above, the number of the first dielectric layers 10 may be determined according to actual needs, and may be one or more layers, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, the optical film 1 may include multiple layers of the first dielectric layer 10, and the refractive indices of the first dielectric layers 10 located at different layers may be the same or different. The multilayer first dielectric layer 10 can further increase the reflection and diffusion effect of light when propagating in the optical film 1, and increase the interface reflectivity of the optical film 1 for light with a smaller incident angle and the transmittance for light with a larger incident angle. In some embodiments, the optical film 1 may include multiple first dielectric layers 10, and the thicknesses of the first dielectric layers 10 at different layers may be the same or different.
As mentioned above, the number of the second dielectric layers 20 may be determined according to actual needs, and may be one or more layers, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, the optical film 1 may include multiple layers of the second dielectric layer 20, and the refractive indices of the second dielectric layers 20 located at different layers may be the same or different. The multiple second dielectric layers 20 can further increase the reflection and diffusion effect of light when propagating in the optical film 1, and increase the interface reflectivity of the optical film 1 for light with a smaller incident angle and the transmittance for light with a larger incident angle. In some embodiments, the optical film 1 may include multiple layers of the second dielectric layer 20, and the thicknesses of the second dielectric layers 20 located at different layers may be the same or different.
In some embodiments, any one layer of the second dielectric layer 20 is disposed between two layers of the first dielectric layer 10. In this way, the dielectric layers positioned at the outermost sides of the two sides of the laminated structure are the first dielectric layers 10, so that light can be in contact with the first dielectric layers 10 with a larger refractive index when being irradiated to the optical film 1 from air, and the interface reflectivity is increased.
As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the optical film 1 may further include a light-condensing layer 30, and the light-condensing layer 30 is disposed on the light-incident side of the laminated structure. The light-condensing layer 30 may converge incident light such that an incident angle of the incident light uniformly incident is converged to a desired angle range, and the incident light is concentrated to a small incident angle range (e.g., less than 45 °) and a large incident angle range (e.g., greater than 67.5 °). In this way, the light emitted from the light-emitting source is first irradiated to the light-condensing layer 30, converged by the light-condensing layer 30, and then irradiated onto the laminated structure. The incident light is concentrated in a smaller incident angle range and a larger incident angle range, so that the section reflectivity of the small-angle incident light on the laminated structure and the transmissivity of the large-angle incident light on the laminated structure can be increased, the minimum value point of the reflectivity is further moved outwards, and the diffusion range and the diffusion effect of the optical film 1 on the light are increased.
The structure of the light-condensing layer 30 may be determined according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this. In some examples, the light condensing layer 30 has a prism configuration, a pyramid configuration, or a convex lens configuration. Here, a prism configuration, a pyramid configuration, or a convex lens configuration may be formed on a side surface of the light condensing layer 30 facing the stacked structure. The number of the light-condensing layers 30 may be determined according to actual needs, and may be one or more layers, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In some examples, the light collection layer 30 may be a plurality of layers, and the plurality of light collection layers 30 are sequentially stacked. The multiple light-gathering layers 30 can converge incident light layer by layer, so that the convergence effect is enhanced in a superposition manner. Illustratively, the thickness of the light-concentrating layer 30 is no greater than 0.2 mm.
In some embodiments, the optical film 1 may further include a light diffusion layer 40, the light diffusion layer 40 being disposed on the light exit side of the laminated structure. The light diffusion layer 40 can diffuse the emergent light, so that the display light spots are effectively expanded, and a uniform display effect is realized.
The structure of the light diffusion layer 40 may be determined according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this. In some examples, the light diffusion layer 40 may have a prism configuration, a pyramid configuration, or a convex lens configuration. Here, a prism configuration, a pyramid configuration, or a convex lens configuration may be formed on a side surface of the light diffusion layer 40 facing the laminated structure. The number of the light diffusion layers 40 may be determined according to actual needs, and may be one or more layers, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In some examples, the light diffusion layer 40 may be a plurality of layers, and the plurality of layers of light diffusion layers 40 are sequentially stacked. The multiple light diffusion layers 40 can diffuse the emergent light layer by layer, so that the diffusion and expansion effects are superposed and enhanced. Illustratively, the thickness of the light diffusion layer 40 is no greater than 0.2 mm.
As shown in fig. 6, an embodiment of the present application further provides a display module 100, where the display module 100 includes the optical film 1 and the light emitting unit 2 provided in any of the above embodiments. The optical film 1 has a light incident side and a light emitting side which are oppositely arranged, and the light emitting unit 2 is arranged on the light incident side of the optical film 1. Here, the light emitting unit 2 may include a light emitting source, the type of the light emitting source may be determined according to actual needs, and types such as Mini LED, Micro LED, and the like may be adopted, which is not limited in this embodiment of the application.
In some embodiments, the display module 100 may further include a reflective sheet 3, and the reflective sheet 3 is disposed on a side of the light emitting unit 2 away from the optical film 1. Thus, the reflected light reflected from the optical film 1 can be irradiated onto the reflection sheet 3, and multiple reflection and refraction are performed between the optical film 1 and the reflection sheet 3, so that the reflected light is gradually diffused to each region of the surface of the optical film 1, thereby reducing the transmitted light intensity of the first region, increasing the transmitted light intensity of the other regions, and bringing the transmitted light intensities of the first region and the other regions closer to each other. Then, the light with the approximate light intensity can be uniformly irradiated to the corresponding area on the panel, so that the light intensity of different areas of the panel is approximate when light display is carried out, and the uniform display effect is realized.
To further illustrate the practical application effect, a comparison simulation experiment is performed on the display module 100 and the comparison group according to the embodiment of the present application. In the control group shown in fig. 7, the optical film 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application is not disposed between the light-emitting source and the panel; wherein, FIG. 7- (a) is a display light spot diagram on the panel; fig. 7- (b) is a distribution diagram of illuminance taken along the Y-axis of fig. 7- (a), where the vertical axis is the distance from the center of the spot and the horizontal axis is the illuminance at the corresponding position; fig. 7- (c) is a distribution diagram of illuminance taken along the X-axis in fig. 7- (a), where the vertical axis is the distance from the center of the spot and the horizontal axis is the illuminance at the corresponding position; fig. 7- (d) is a graph of gray-scale luminance correspondence values. Obviously, the display light spots on the panel are very concentrated, the illumination is concentrated and distributed in the central area of the display light spots, and the display uniformity is low.
Fig. 8 is a simulation effect diagram of the display module 100 according to the embodiment of the present application, in which the optical film 1 according to the embodiment of the present application is disposed between the light source and the panel. Wherein, fig. 8- (a) is a display light spot diagram on the panel; fig. 8- (b) is a distribution diagram of illuminance taken along the Y-axis in fig. 8- (a), where the vertical axis is the distance from the center of the spot and the horizontal axis is the illuminance at the corresponding position; fig. 8- (c) is a distribution diagram of illuminance taken along the X-axis in fig. 8- (a), where the vertical axis is the distance from the center of the spot and the horizontal axis is the illuminance at the corresponding position; fig. 8- (d) is a graph of gray-scale luminance correspondence values. As shown in fig. 8, the display spots on the panel are distributed relatively uniformly, the illuminance of different areas is relatively close, and the display uniformity is relatively high.
The optical film and the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application are described in detail above, and the principle and the embodiment of the present application are explained by applying specific examples herein, and the description of the above embodiment is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
Claims (11)
1. An optical film, comprising:
a first dielectric layer;
the second dielectric layers and the first dielectric layers are sequentially and alternately stacked to form a stacked structure, and the refractive index of the second dielectric layers is smaller than that of the first dielectric layers adjacent to the second dielectric layers.
2. The optical film of claim 1, wherein the first dielectric layer has an optical thickness/1Determined by the following equation:
wherein λ is1The wavelength of visible light in the first dielectric layer, and k is a natural number.
3. The optical film according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of layers of the first dielectric layer, wherein the refractive index of the first dielectric layer at different layers is the same or different; and/or the thicknesses of the first dielectric layers at different layers are the same or different.
4. The optical film according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of second dielectric layers, wherein the refractive indexes of the second dielectric layers in different layers are the same or different; and/or the thicknesses of the second dielectric layers at different layers are the same or different.
5. The optical film of claim 1, wherein any one of the second dielectric layers is disposed between two of the first dielectric layers.
6. The optical film of claim 1, further comprising a light-concentrating layer disposed on the light-entry side of the laminated structure.
7. The optical film as claimed in claim 6, wherein the light-condensing layer has a prism configuration, a pyramid configuration, or a convex lens configuration; and/or the light-gathering layer is a plurality of layers which are sequentially stacked.
8. The optical film of claim 1, further comprising a light diffusing layer disposed on a light exit side of the laminated structure.
9. The optical film according to claim 8, wherein the light diffusion layer has a prism configuration, a pyramid configuration, or a convex lens configuration; and/or the light diffusion layer is a plurality of layers, and the plurality of layers of light diffusion layers are sequentially stacked.
10. A display module, comprising:
the optical film of any one of claims 1-9;
and the light-emitting unit is arranged on the light incident side of the optical film.
11. The display module according to claim 10, further comprising a reflective sheet disposed on a side of the light-emitting unit away from the optical film.
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| CN202111399043.8A CN114035374A (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2021-11-24 | Optical film and display module |
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| CN202111399043.8A CN114035374A (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2021-11-24 | Optical film and display module |
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