CN113992579B - Routing table entry storage method, routing table entry searching method and routing table entry searching device - Google Patents
Routing table entry storage method, routing table entry searching method and routing table entry searching device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113992579B CN113992579B CN202111113953.5A CN202111113953A CN113992579B CN 113992579 B CN113992579 B CN 113992579B CN 202111113953 A CN202111113953 A CN 202111113953A CN 113992579 B CN113992579 B CN 113992579B
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- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
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Abstract
The application provides a method for storing and searching routing table items, and a device thereof, wherein in the method for storing routing table items, the method is applied to a CPU in network equipment and comprises the following steps: when a target routing table entry needs to be stored, storing a first table entry included in the target routing table entry into a first idle storage unit in a TCAM chip in the network equipment, wherein the first table entry includes a target IP address and a mask code length corresponding to the target IP address, and the address of the first idle storage unit is continuous with the address of an occupied storage unit in the TCAM chip; and storing a second table item included in the target routing table item into a second idle storage unit in the RAM chip, wherein the second table item includes next hop information corresponding to the target IP address, and the address identifier of the second idle storage unit is the same as the address identifier of the first idle storage unit. The method and the device can improve the storage efficiency and the searching efficiency of the routing table items.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for storing and searching routing table entries.
Background
In one Network scenario, for Network devices (e.g., routing devices, etc.) in a Network, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a forwarding chip (e.g., network Processors (NP) chip, etc.), a Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) chip, and a Random Access Memory (RAM) chip are typically included.
For the routing table entry to be stored, the CPU stores a first table entry (including the IP address and its corresponding mask length) included in the routing table entry to be stored in the TCAM chip, and stores a second table entry (including the next hop information corresponding to the IP address) included in the routing table entry to be stored in the RAM chip, in order from long to short according to the mask length. Here, the longer the mask length is, the smaller the address of the storage unit storing its corresponding first entry is, and the address identification of the storage unit storing the first entry in the same routing entry is the same as the address identification of the storage unit storing the second table.
In the above storage manner of the routing table entry, when receiving a certain data message, the forwarding chip sends a search request carrying a destination IP address carried in the data message to the TCAM chip, the TCAM chip searches a first table entry matching the destination IP address in the locally stored first table entry, and when the searched first table entry is multiple, returns a search response carrying an address identifier of a minimum address in addresses of the storage unit storing the searched first table entry to the forwarding chip, so that the forwarding chip obtains a corresponding second table entry from the RAM chip based on the address identifier carried in the search response, and forwards the data message according to the obtained second table entry.
However, in the above storage manner of the routing table entry, once a new routing table entry needs to be added, a phenomenon that a related first table entry and a related second table entry need to be moved first and then the new first table entry and the second table entry need to be stored may occur because the mask length that needs to be added is long, so that the storage time consumption of the new routing table entry is long, thereby causing low storage efficiency, and further, the efficiency of searching for the new routing table entry may be affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the application provides a method for storing and searching routing table items and a device thereof.
According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a method for storing a routing table entry is provided, where the method is applied to a CPU in a network device, and the method includes:
when a target routing table entry needs to be stored, storing a first table entry included in the target routing table entry into a first idle storage unit in a TCAM chip in the network device, where the first table entry includes a target IP address and a mask length corresponding to the target IP address, and an address of the first idle storage unit is continuous with an address of an occupied storage unit in the TCAM chip;
and storing a second table entry included in the target routing table entry into a second idle storage unit in a RAM chip, wherein the second table entry includes next hop information corresponding to the target IP address, and the address identifier of the second idle storage unit is the same as the address identifier of the first idle storage unit.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a method for searching a routing table entry based on the above-mentioned method for storing a routing table entry is provided, where the method is applied to a TCAM chip in a network device, and the method includes:
receiving a search request sent by a forwarding chip in the network device, wherein the search request is sent by the forwarding chip when receiving a data message with a destination IP address as the destination IP address, and the search request carries the destination IP address;
searching a first table item matched with the target IP address in a first table item stored locally;
when the searched first table entries are multiple, selecting a first table entry which comprises a mask code length meeting a preset condition from the searched first table entries;
and sending a search response carrying an address identifier of a storage unit for storing the selected first table item to the forwarding chip, so that the forwarding chip acquires a corresponding second table item from the RAM chip based on the address identifier, and forwards the data message according to the acquired second table item.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a routing table entry storage apparatus, which is applied to a CPU in a network device, the apparatus including:
a first storage module, configured to store a first table entry included in a target routing table entry into a first idle storage unit in a TCAM chip in the network device when the target routing table entry needs to be stored, where the first table entry includes a target IP address and a mask length corresponding to the target IP address, and an address of the first idle storage unit is consecutive to an address of an occupied storage unit in the TCAM chip;
and a second storage module, configured to store a second table entry included in the target routing table entry into a second idle storage unit in a RAM chip, where the second table entry includes next hop information corresponding to the target IP address, and an address identifier of the second idle storage unit is the same as an address identifier of the first idle storage unit.
According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a routing table entry lookup apparatus based on the above-mentioned routing table entry storage apparatus, where the apparatus is applied to a TCAM chip in a network device, and the apparatus includes:
a receiving module, configured to receive a search request sent by a forwarding chip in the network device, where the search request is sent by the forwarding chip when receiving a data packet whose destination IP address is the target IP address, and the search request carries the target IP address;
the searching module is used for searching a first table item matched with the target IP address in a first table item stored locally;
the selecting module is used for selecting a first table item of which the mask code length meets a preset condition from the searched first table item when the searched first table items are multiple;
and the sending module is used for sending a search response carrying an address identifier of a storage unit for storing the selected first table item to the forwarding chip so that the forwarding chip acquires a corresponding second table item from the RAM chip based on the address identifier and forwards the data message according to the acquired second table item.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can have the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the present application, when a CPU in a network device needs to store a routing table entry, the CPU does not store the routing table entry according to the sequence from long to short mask length, but directly stores a first table entry included in a related target routing table entry into a first idle storage unit in a TCAM chip in the network device, where an address of the first idle storage unit is consecutive to an address of an occupied storage unit in the TCAM chip; and storing a second table entry included in the routing table entry into a second idle storage unit in the RAM chip, wherein the address identification of the second idle storage unit is the same as the address identification of the first idle storage unit. Therefore, when a new routing table entry is required to be added, the corresponding first table entry and the second table entry are directly stored without related moving operation, the storage time of the whole routing table entry is greatly shortened, and the storage efficiency is improved.
Accordingly, in the above storage manner of the routing table entry, once the TCAM chip in the network device receives the search request carrying the target IP address sent by the forwarding chip in the network device, when a plurality of first table entries matching the target IP address are found, the TCAM chip does not compare and store the address sizes of the first table entries, but compares the mask length, thereby sending a search response carrying the address identifier storing the first table entries meeting the requirement to the forwarding chip, so that the forwarding chip obtains the corresponding second table entry from the RAM chip based on the address identifier, and forwards the data packet according to the obtained second table entry.
Therefore, the searching efficiency of the routing table items is improved to a certain extent by providing a brand-new searching scheme of the routing table items suitable for the storage mode of the routing table items.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for storing a routing table entry according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is one of schematic structural diagrams of a first table entry stored in a TCAM chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is one of schematic structural diagrams of a second table entry stored in a RAM chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a second schematic structural diagram of a first table entry stored in a TCAM chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a second schematic structural diagram illustrating a second table entry stored in the RAM chip according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for searching a routing table entry according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a routing table entry storage apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a routing table entry lookup apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the application, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at" \8230; "or" when 8230; \8230; "or" in response to a determination ", depending on the context.
Next, examples of the present application will be described in detail.
An embodiment of the present application provides a method for storing a routing table entry, where the method is applied to a CPU in a network device, and as shown in fig. 1, the method may include the following steps:
s11, when the target routing table entry needs to be stored, storing a first table entry included in the target routing table entry into a first idle storage unit in a TCAM chip in the network equipment.
In this step, the first table entry includes the target IP address and the mask length corresponding thereto, and the address of the first idle memory unit is consecutive to the address of the occupied memory unit in the TCAM chip.
And S12, storing a second table item included in the target routing table item into a second idle storage unit in the RAM chip.
In this step, the second table entry includes next hop information corresponding to the target IP address, and the address identifier of the second idle storage unit is the same as the address identifier of the first idle storage unit.
For example, for a network device, it is assumed that a TCAM chip in the network device stores a first entry as shown in fig. 2, and a RAM chip in the network device stores a second entry as shown in fig. 3. Assuming that the CPU needs to store a new routing table entry 1, after the steps S11 to S12 are performed, a first table entry currently stored by a TCAM chip in the network device may be as shown in fig. 4, and a second table entry currently stored by a RAM chip in the network device may be as shown in fig. 5.
That is to say, in the embodiment of the present application, when a routing table entry needs to be stored, a CPU in a network device does not store the routing table entry in the order from long to short according to a mask length, but directly stores a first table entry included in a relevant target routing table entry into a first idle storage unit in a TCAM chip in the network device, where an address of the first idle storage unit is consecutive to an address of an occupied storage unit in the TCAM chip; and storing a second table item included in the routing table item into a second idle storage unit in the RAM chip, wherein the address identification of the second idle storage unit is the same as the address identification of the first idle storage unit. Therefore, when the routing table entry needing to be stored is the newly added routing table entry, the corresponding first table entry and the second table entry are directly stored without carrying out related moving operation, the storage time of the whole routing table entry is greatly shortened, and the storage efficiency is improved.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a routing table entry searching method based on the above-mentioned routing table entry storage method, where the method is applied to a TCAM chip in a network device, as shown in fig. 6, the method may include the following steps:
s61, receiving a search request sent by a forwarding chip in the network equipment.
In this step, the forwarding chip may be an NP chip, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) chip, or other types of chips, which are not listed here.
In addition, in this step, the search request is sent by the forwarding chip when receiving the data packet whose destination IP address is the destination IP address, and the search request carries the destination IP address.
S62, searching the first table item matched with the target IP address in the locally stored first table item.
S63, when the searched first table entries are multiple, selecting a first table entry which comprises a mask code length meeting a preset condition from the searched first table entry.
And S64, sending a search response carrying the address identifier of the storage unit for storing the selected first table item to the forwarding chip so that the forwarding chip acquires the corresponding second table item from the RAM chip based on the address identifier, and forwarding the data message according to the acquired second table item.
It should be noted that, in step S53, when the TCAM chip selects the first entry whose mask length satisfies the preset condition from the searched first entry, the first entry whose mask length is the longest may be specifically selected from the searched first entry.
For example, it is assumed that, for the network device 1, an NP chip in the network device 1 receives a data packet 1 carrying a destination IP address of 10.1.1.0 at a certain time. Then, the NP chip sends a lookup request carrying 10.1.1.0 to the TCAM chip in the network device 1.
After receiving the search request, the TCAM chip searches for a first table entry matching with 10.1.1.0 in the first table entry stored locally.
Suppose that there are 4 matching first entries found, 10.1.1.0/24, 10.1.1.0/16, 10.1.1.0/8 and 10.1.1.0/28, respectively. Then, the TCAM chip selects the first entry with the longest mask length from the first entries, i.e., selects the entry of 10.1.1.0/28.
Next, the TCAM chip sends a lookup response carrying an address identifier (for example, address identifier 1) of the storage unit storing 10.1.1.0/28 to the forwarding chip.
Finally, after receiving the lookup response, the forwarding chip acquires a second entry (including the next hop information of 10.1.1.0, for example, including the next hop IP address of 10.1.1.0, the information of the outgoing interface, and the like) corresponding to the address identifier 1 from the RAM chip in the network device 1 based on the address identifier 1 carried in the lookup response, and forwards the data packet according to the acquired second entry.
It can be seen from the above solutions that, in the above storage manner of the routing table entry, once the TCAM chip in the network device receives the search request carrying the target IP address sent by the forwarding chip in the network device, when a plurality of first table entries matching the target IP address are found, the TCAM chip does not compare the address sizes of the first table entries, but compares the mask lengths, thereby sending a search response carrying the address identifier storing the first table entries meeting the requirement to the forwarding chip, so that the forwarding chip obtains the corresponding second table entry from the RAM chip based on the address identifier, and forwards the data packet according to the obtained second table entry.
Therefore, the searching efficiency of the routing table items is improved to a certain extent by providing a brand-new searching scheme of the routing table items suitable for the storage mode of the routing table items.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present application further provides a routing table entry storage apparatus, where the apparatus is applied to a CPU in a network device, and a schematic structural diagram of the apparatus is shown in fig. 7, and specifically includes:
a first storage module 71, configured to, when a target routing table entry needs to be stored, store a first table entry included in the target routing table entry into a first idle storage unit in a TCAM chip of a ternary content addressable memory in the network device, where the first table entry includes a target IP address and a mask length corresponding to the target IP address, and an address of the first idle storage unit is continuous with an address of an occupied storage unit in the TCAM chip;
a second storage module 72, configured to store a second table entry included in the target routing table entry into a second idle storage unit in a RAM chip, where the second table entry includes next hop information corresponding to the target IP address, and an address identifier of the second idle storage unit is the same as an address identifier of the first idle storage unit.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the present application, when a CPU in a network device needs to store a routing table entry, the CPU does not store the routing table entry in the order from long to short according to a mask length, but directly stores a first table entry included in a relevant target routing table entry into a first idle storage unit in a TCAM chip in the network device, where an address of the first idle storage unit is consecutive to an address of an occupied storage unit in the TCAM chip; and storing a second table entry included in the routing table entry into a second idle storage unit in the RAM chip, wherein the address identification of the second idle storage unit is the same as the address identification of the first idle storage unit. Therefore, when the CPU needs to add a new routing table item, the corresponding first table item and the second table item are directly stored without related moving operation, the storage time of the whole routing table item is greatly shortened, and the storage efficiency is improved.
The present application further provides a routing table item searching device based on the above routing table item storage device, where the device is applied to a TCAM chip, and a schematic structural diagram of the device is shown in fig. 8, which specifically includes:
a receiving module 81, configured to receive a search request sent by a forwarding chip in the network device, where the search request is sent by the forwarding chip when receiving a data packet whose destination IP address is the target IP address, and the search request carries the target IP address;
the searching module 82 is configured to search a first table entry matched with the target IP address in a locally stored first table entry;
the selecting module 83 is configured to select, when there are multiple first entries found, a first entry that includes a mask length meeting a preset condition from the first entry found;
a sending module 84, configured to send a lookup response carrying an address identifier of a storage unit storing the selected first entry to the forwarding chip, so that the forwarding chip obtains a corresponding second entry from a random access memory RAM chip based on the address identifier, and forwards the data packet according to the obtained second entry.
Preferably, the selecting module 83 is specifically configured to:
and selecting the first table entry with the longest mask length from the searched first table entries.
Preferably, the forwarding chip is an NP chip.
Preferably, the forwarding chip is an ASIC chip.
It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, in a storage manner of a routing table entry provided by the storage device based on the routing table entry, once a TCAM chip in a network device receives a search request carrying a target IP address sent by a forwarding chip in the network device, when a plurality of first table entries matching the target IP address are found, the TCAM chip does not compare the sizes of addresses storing the first table entries, but compares the mask lengths, thereby sending a search response carrying an address identifier storing a first table entry meeting requirements to the forwarding chip, so that the forwarding chip obtains a corresponding second table entry from the RAM chip based on the address identifier, and forwards a data packet according to the obtained second table entry.
Therefore, the searching device of the routing table item is provided, which is suitable for the storage device of the routing table item, and the searching efficiency of the routing table item is improved to a certain extent.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for storing routing table entries, the method being applied to a CPU in a network device, the method comprising:
when a target routing table entry needs to be stored, storing a first table entry included in the target routing table entry into a first idle storage unit in a Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) chip in the network device, wherein the first table entry includes a target IP address and a mask length corresponding to the target IP address, and the address of the first idle storage unit is continuous with the address of an occupied storage unit in the TCAM chip;
and storing a second table entry included in the target routing table entry into a second idle storage unit in a Random Access Memory (RAM) chip, wherein the second table entry includes next hop information corresponding to the target IP address, and the address identifier of the second idle storage unit is the same as the address identifier of the first idle storage unit.
2. A routing table entry lookup method based on the routing table entry storage method of claim 1, wherein the method is applied to a TCAM chip of a ternary content addressable memory in a network device, and the method comprises:
receiving a search request sent by a forwarding chip in the network device, wherein the search request is sent when the forwarding chip receives a data message of which a destination IP address is the target IP address, and the search request carries the target IP address;
searching a first table item matched with the target IP address in a first table item stored locally;
when the searched first table entries are multiple, selecting a first table entry which comprises a mask code length meeting a preset condition from the searched first table entries;
and sending a search response carrying the address identifier of the storage unit for storing the selected first table item to the forwarding chip, so that the forwarding chip acquires a corresponding second table item from a Random Access Memory (RAM) chip based on the address identifier, and forwards the data message according to the acquired second table item.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein selecting the first entry from the found first entries, where the mask length of the first entry satisfies a preset condition, specifically includes:
and selecting the first table entry with the longest mask length from the searched first table entries.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the forwarding chip is a Network Processor (NP) chip.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the forwarding chip is an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) chip.
6. A routing table entry storage apparatus, applied to a CPU in a network device, the apparatus comprising:
a first storage module, configured to store a first table entry included in a target routing table entry into a first idle storage unit in a TCAM chip of a ternary content addressable memory in the network device when the target routing table entry needs to be stored, where the first table entry includes a target IP address and a mask length corresponding to the target IP address, and an address of the first idle storage unit is consecutive to an address of an occupied storage unit in the TCAM chip;
and a second storage module, configured to store a second table entry included in the target routing table entry into a second idle storage unit in a random access memory RAM chip, where the second table entry includes next hop information corresponding to the target IP address, and an address identifier of the second idle storage unit is the same as an address identifier of the first idle storage unit.
7. A routing table entry lookup apparatus based on the routing table entry storage apparatus of claim 6, wherein the apparatus is applied to a TCAM chip of a ternary content addressable memory in a network device, and the apparatus comprises:
a receiving module, configured to receive a search request sent by a forwarding chip in the network device, where the search request is sent by the forwarding chip when receiving a data packet whose destination IP address is the target IP address, and the search request carries the target IP address;
the searching module is used for searching a first table item matched with the target IP address in a first table item stored locally;
the selecting module is used for selecting a first table item with the mask code length meeting a preset condition from the searched first table item when the searched first table items are multiple;
and the sending module is used for sending a search response carrying an address identifier of a storage unit for storing the selected first table item to the forwarding chip so that the forwarding chip acquires a corresponding second table item from a Random Access Memory (RAM) chip based on the address identifier and forwards the data message according to the acquired second table item.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the selection module is specifically configured to:
and selecting the first table entry with the longest mask length from the searched first table entries.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the forwarding chip is a Network Processor (NP) chip.
10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the forwarding chip is an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) chip.
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| Title |
|---|
| TCAM路由表项管理算法优化研究;邓黠等;《微计算机信息》;20090325(第09期);全文 * |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113992579A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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