CN113964507A - Electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy - Google Patents
Electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN113964507A CN113964507A CN202111139734.4A CN202111139734A CN113964507A CN 113964507 A CN113964507 A CN 113964507A CN 202111139734 A CN202111139734 A CN 202111139734A CN 113964507 A CN113964507 A CN 113964507A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
- H01Q5/335—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors at the feed, e.g. for impedance matching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy, which comprises: the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is equivalent to an LC resonance loop, an inductor and a capacitor resonate at the same frequency, the current distribution on the radiation patch is changed, the field distribution of a natural mode of the radiation patch is changed, the multi-band radio frequency signal receiving is realized, the structure is simple, the size is small, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit has good frequency characteristics, and the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit has high practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency energy collection, in particular to an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy.
Background
The application of low-power consumption equipment and devices is becoming more and more popular in the fields of medical care, environmental monitoring, industrial automation, wireless sensor networks, intelligent transportation systems and the like. However, many devices are affected by installation conditions, and the power supply of the devices is difficult to replace, which directly affects the range of use and the service life of the devices. With the gradual increase of wireless communication and broadcasting facilities, the power of the collectable radio frequency signals in the environment is gradually increased; meanwhile, low power consumption devices are rapidly developed, and the demand of the low power consumption devices for driving energy is gradually reduced. The radio frequency energy collected is used for supplying power to the equipment, the requirement of the equipment on a battery can be reduced, the radio frequency energy can be used as an auxiliary power supply for charging the battery of the equipment, the radio frequency energy can also be used as a standby power supply of the equipment, and the working time of the equipment is prolonged. The receiving antenna is one of the core parts of the radio frequency energy collecting system, can receive radio frequency signals from the surrounding environment, converts the radio frequency signals into direct current through a rectifying circuit, boosts the voltage, stores energy and supplies power to a load.
The receiving antenna of the existing radio frequency energy collecting system has the following technical problems:
the microstrip patch antenna needs to be developed towards high performance such as broadband, high gain, miniaturization, multi-band and the like, but indexes of the microstrip patch antenna are mutually restricted, and bandwidth or radiation efficiency and the like need to be sacrificed when the size of the antenna is reduced, so that the main problem is how to improve the performance of the microstrip patch antenna, and improve various performances of the microstrip patch antenna while reducing the size.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention designs the electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting the radio frequency energy, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is equivalent to an LC resonance loop, a narrower line width and a longer line length provide larger inductance, a narrower gap provides larger capacitance, the inductance and the capacitance resonate at the same frequency, the current distribution on the radiation patch is changed, the field distribution of the natural mode of the radiation patch is changed, the antenna resonance is interfered, and the dual-frequency or multi-frequency work is realized, so that the multi-band radio frequency signal receiving is realized.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate 1, a radiation patch 4, a coaxial line 5, a ground plate 10, a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit and a lumped port 16, wherein the dielectric substrate 1 and the ground plate 10 are the same in shape and size, a square slot is arranged in the center of the ground plate 10, the center of the square slot is superposed with the center of the ground plate 10, the dielectric substrate 1 is fixedly connected with the ground plate 10, the size of the radiation patch 4 is smaller than that of the dielectric substrate 1, a slot is arranged on the radiation patch 4, the radiation patch 4 is fixedly connected with the other side of the dielectric substrate 1, the center of the radiation patch 4 is superposed with the center of the dielectric substrate 1, a through hole is arranged in the center of the radiation patch 4 and the center of the dielectric substrate 1, the coaxial line 5 is arranged in the through hole, the coaxial line 5 penetrates through the radiation patch and the dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch 4 is electrically connected with the coaxial line 5, the coaxial line 5 at the end of the grounding plate 10 is electrically connected with the lumped port 16, a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is arranged in the square slot of the grounding plate 10, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit forms a closed ring, and the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is fixedly connected with the dielectric substrate 1.
Further, it also includes: and the impedance matching adjusting section is fixedly connected with the medium substrate 1 and is electrically connected with the radiation patch 4.
Further, the grounding plate 10 is made of a metal material.
Furthermore, the slot arranged on the radiation patch 4 is a rectangular slot.
Further, the impedance matching adjustment section is rectangular and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the radiation patch 4.
Furthermore, the thickness of the patch copper cladding of the radiation patch 4, the impedance matching adjusting section and the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is 0.035 mm.
The electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy has the beneficial effects that:
1. an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy is characterized in that a rectangular radiation patch and an impedance matching adjusting section are arranged on the front surface of a dielectric substrate, a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial is arranged on the back surface of the dielectric substrate, so that good feeding is realized on the upper surface and the lower surface, electromagnetic weak coupling with broadband characteristics is facilitated to be realized, the frequency band of antenna work is increased by the impedance matching adjusting section, proper adjustment can be carried out when the impedance characteristics are changed due to factors such as processing errors in the design process and after the antenna is processed, and the radiation efficiency is high;
2. under specific frequency, a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna has a refractive index parameter close to zero, a metamaterial structure can be equivalent to an LC resonance loop, a narrower line width and a longer line length of a microstrip line can provide larger inductance, a narrower gap provides larger capacitance, the inductance and the capacitance resonate at the same frequency, current distribution on a radiation patch is changed, field distribution of a natural mode of the radiation patch is changed, resonance of the antenna is interfered, dual-frequency or multi-frequency work is realized, and various performances of the antenna are excellent;
3. the utility model provides an electromagnetism metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy collects to design on the basis of microstrip line electromagnetism metamaterial unit and fluting radiation paster, the structure is comparatively simple, and the volume is less, works under the 5GHz frequency channel of WIFI and the 3GHz frequency channel of WiMAX, can effectively collect radio frequency energy, has good frequency characteristic, and convenient to use and with low costs have very high practical value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting;
FIG. 4 is a plot of S11 return loss versus frequency for an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting;
in the figure: 1. the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, 2, a first slot, 3, a second slot, 4, a radiation patch, 5, a coaxial line, 6, a first impedance matching adjustment section, 7, a third slot, 8, a fourth slot, 9, a second impedance matching adjustment section, 10, a ground plate, 11, a square slot, 12, a first microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit, 13, a second microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit, 14, a third microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit, 15, a fourth microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit and 16, a lumped port.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying fig. 1-4 and the specific embodiments described herein, which are provided for illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting includes: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate 1, a radiation patch 4, a coaxial line 5, a ground plate 10, a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit, an impedance matching adjustment section and a lumped port 16, wherein the dielectric substrate 1 and the ground plate 10 are same in shape and same in size, a square slot is arranged in the center of the ground plate 10, the center of the square slot is superposed with the center of the ground plate 10, the dielectric substrate 1 is fixedly connected with the ground plate 10, the size of the radiation patch 4 is smaller than that of the dielectric substrate 1, a slot is arranged on the radiation patch 4, the radiation patch 4 is fixedly connected with the other surface of the dielectric substrate 1, the center of the radiation patch 4 is superposed with the center of the dielectric substrate 1, a through hole is arranged in the center of the radiation patch 4 and the center of the dielectric substrate 1, the coaxial line 5 is arranged in the through hole, the coaxial line 5 penetrates through the radiation patch and the dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch 4 is electrically connected with the coaxial line 5, the coaxial line 5 at the end of the ground plate 10 is electrically connected with the lumped port 16, a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is arranged in a square groove of the ground plate 10, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit forms a closed ring, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is fixedly connected with the dielectric substrate 1, the impedance matching adjusting section is fixedly connected with the dielectric substrate 1 and electrically connected with the radiation patch 4, the ground plate 10 is made of a metal material, the groove formed in the radiation patch 4 is a rectangular groove, the impedance matching adjusting section is rectangular and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the radiation patch 4, and the thickness of copper coated on the radiation patch 4, the impedance matching adjusting section and the patch of the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is 0.035 mm.
Example (b):
the medium substrate 1 is FR4 with the thickness of 1.6mm, the length of 35mm and the width of 35 mm; a rectangular slot is formed in the radiation patch 4, the length of the rectangular slot radiation patch is 29mm, the width of the rectangular slot radiation patch is 14mm, annular opening slots 2, 3, 7 and 8 are formed in the radiation patch 4, wherein the slots 2 and 8 are symmetrical up and down, the slot length is 11.5mm, the width is 1.6mm, the opening width is 1.6mm, the slots 3 and 7 are symmetrical up and down, the slot length is 5.9mm, the width is 0.6mm, and the opening width is 1.6 mm; the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna can be increased by slotting the radiation patch, the current distribution on the radiation patch is changed, the field distribution of a natural mode of the radiation patch is changed, and the resonance of the antenna is interfered, so that the dual-frequency or multi-frequency work is realized; the coaxial line 5 is positioned at the central position of the patch antenna and is also the central position of the dielectric substrate, the radiation patch and the back electromagnetic metamaterial unit, the feeding mode adopts coaxial line feeding, the coaxial line 5 is a metal cylinder which penetrates through the radiation patch and the dielectric substrate and reaches the back of the antenna, the radius of the coaxial line 5 is 0.5mm, and the height of the coaxial line is 1.635 mm; the first impedance matching adjusting section 6 and the second impedance matching adjusting section 9 are 10.5mm long and 3mm wide and are bilaterally symmetrical in the middle of the front surface of the dielectric substrate. The length and width of the grounding plate 10 on the back of the antenna are the same as those of the dielectric substrate 1, the length is 35mm, the width is 35mm, and a square slot 11 with the side length of 20mm is arranged in the middle of the grounding plate; the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is arranged in the square slot 11, the structure of the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is symmetrical with a central point, the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit has a refractive index parameter close to zero at a specific frequency, the metamaterial structure can be equivalent to an LC resonance circuit, the narrower line width and the longer line length of the microstrip line can both provide larger inductance, the narrower gap provides larger capacitance, the inductance and the capacitance resonate at the same frequency, the current distribution on the radiation patch is changed, the field distribution of a natural mode of the radiation patch is changed, and the resonance of an interference antenna can realize dual-frequency or multi-frequency work. The first microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit 12 is 8.5mm long and 1mm wide; the second microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit 13 is 8.5mm long and 1mm wide; the third microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit 14 is 7mm long and 1mm wide; the fourth microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit 15 is 4mm long and 1mm wide; the lumped port 16 is connected to the coaxial line 5 through the dielectric substrate at a central position; the thickness of the copper-clad plates of all the patches is 0.035 mm.
The antenna in the embodiment is simulated by adopting Ansoft HFSS simulation software, the simulation result is shown in the attached figure 4, the simulation result shows that the patch antenna can realize the performance characteristics of multiple frequency bands, can work under the 5GHz frequency band of WIFI and the 3GHz frequency band of WiMAX, and can effectively collect radio frequency energy, and the antenna in the embodiment has the advantages of multiple frequency bands, simple structure, small product, strong operability and low manufacturing cost, and has high practical value.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting, comprising: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate (1), a radiation patch (4), a coaxial line (5), a ground plate (10), a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit and a lumped port (16), wherein the dielectric substrate (1) and the ground plate (10) are identical in shape and size, a square slot is formed in the center of the ground plate (10), the center of the square slot is overlapped with the center of the ground plate (10), the dielectric substrate (1) is fixedly connected with the ground plate (10), the size of the radiation patch (4) is smaller than that of the dielectric substrate (1), a slot is formed in the radiation patch (4), the radiation patch (4) is fixedly connected with the other surface of the dielectric substrate (1), the center of the radiation patch (4) is overlapped with that of the dielectric substrate (1), a through hole is formed in the center of the radiation patch (4) and that of the dielectric substrate (1), the coaxial line (5) is arranged in the through hole, the coaxial line (5) penetrates through the radiation patch and the dielectric substrate, the radiation patch (4) is electrically connected with the coaxial line (5), the coaxial line (5) at the end of the grounding plate (10) is electrically connected with the lumped port (16), a microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is arranged in the square groove of the grounding plate (10), the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit forms a closed ring, and the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is fixedly connected with the dielectric substrate (1).
2. An electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting as in claim 1, further comprising: and the impedance matching adjusting section is fixedly connected with the medium substrate (1) and is electrically connected with the radiation patch (4).
3. An electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy harvesting in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the ground plate (10) material is a metallic material.
4. An electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for radio frequency energy collection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slots provided on the radiating patch (4) are rectangular slots.
5. The electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for rf energy collection as claimed in claim 2, wherein the impedance matching adjustment section is rectangular and symmetrically disposed on both sides of the radiating patch (4).
6. The electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy as claimed in claim 1, claim 2, claim 4 or claim 5, wherein the thickness of the copper-clad patches of the radiation patch (4), the impedance matching adjustment section and the microstrip line electromagnetic metamaterial unit is 0.035 mm.
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| CN202111139734.4A CN113964507B (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy |
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| CN202111139734.4A CN113964507B (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Electromagnetic metamaterial patch antenna for collecting radio frequency energy |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115395238A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-25 | 西安科技大学 | Array multi-frequency multi-mode microwave band super-surface wireless energy collector |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113964507B (en) | 2023-10-27 |
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