CN113905369A - Low-power-consumption communication method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Low-power-consumption communication method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113905369A
CN113905369A CN202110849423.0A CN202110849423A CN113905369A CN 113905369 A CN113905369 A CN 113905369A CN 202110849423 A CN202110849423 A CN 202110849423A CN 113905369 A CN113905369 A CN 113905369A
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node
packet
gateway
data
equipment
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翁金元
邵旭光
叶杰炜
苏健章
蒋宇
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Seeed Development Ltd
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Seeed Development Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/03—Protecting confidentiality, e.g. by encryption
    • H04W12/033—Protecting confidentiality, e.g. by encryption of the user plane, e.g. user's traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0861—Generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0869—Generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords involving random numbers or seeds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/04—Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA]
    • H04W12/041—Key generation or derivation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a communication method, a communication device, terminal equipment and a storage medium with low power consumption, wherein the method comprises the following steps: under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, detecting a data transmission channel and determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode; and under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, carrying out data communication with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes, and two LoRa chips are used for forming a receiving/transmitting body through the gateway. The node equipment only uses one LoRa chip for receiving/transmitting. Compared with the original scheme, the cost of the gateway equipment and the node equipment is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency collision is solved and the data transmission stability is improved by adopting a self-adaptive channel mode.

Description

Low-power-consumption communication method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a low power consumption communication method, apparatus, terminal device, and storage medium.
Background
With the rapid development of the internet of things, sensors based on the low-power-consumption wide area network technology are continuously put into practical application, and the scale of the sensors reaches a huge magnitude. The currently corresponding main flow protocol is LoRaWan, which comprises complete link management and uplink and downlink control, and accesses the Internet of things in a gateway and node mode.
The gateway is connected to the LoRaWan server and takes the role of intermediate forwarding as a route. The network delay is strictly required, and the off-line work cannot be realized. The gateway adopts a multi-channel LoRa chip, such as SX1301, and the high cost of the gateway limits the application of a plurality of low-cost scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention are proposed to provide a low power consumption communication method, apparatus, terminal device and storage medium that overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication method with low power consumption, where the method includes:
under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, detecting a data transmission channel and determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode;
and under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, carrying out data communication with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
receiving a broadcast packet sent by gateway equipment, and generating a first random number according to the broadcast packet;
determining a network access request packet according to the first random number and the equipment identification code of the node equipment;
receiving a network access challenge packet sent by gateway equipment, wherein the network access challenge packet is generated by the gateway equipment according to a network access request packet and is generated according to a second random number, a first secret key and the second random number;
decrypting the network access challenge packet by using a first secret key, if the first random number passes verification, encrypting the second random number according to a second secret key to obtain a network access challenge response packet, and sending the network access challenge response packet to gateway equipment so that the gateway equipment determines a session secret key according to the first random number and the second random number;
and receiving a response end packet which is returned by the gateway device and succeeds in network access, wherein the response end packet comprises the configuration parameters, and decrypting the response end packet according to the session key to obtain the configuration parameters.
Optionally, the detecting a data transmission channel and determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode under the condition that the node device is powered on includes:
under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, performing activity detection on a channel to acquire a channel state;
and if the frequency of the channel state being in the idle state exceeds a preset value, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
if the transmitted data packet is low-priority data, detecting the idle state of the channel for two times;
if the channel state detected twice is an idle state, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode;
if the transmitted data packet is high-priority data, detecting the idle state of the channel for one time;
and if the channel state detected at one time is an idle state, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication method with low power consumption, where the method includes:
under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, receiving an uplink data packet sent by the node equipment through an LoRa protocol stack according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes;
and sending a downlink response data packet to the node equipment.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
under the condition that network communication is normal, forwarding the received LoRa data packet to a preset server through MQTT;
and under the condition that the network communication quality is poor or no network exists, storing the received LoRa data packet in a local preset buffer area so as to send the LoRa data packet after the network is recovered.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication apparatus with low power consumption, where the apparatus includes:
the detection module is used for detecting a data transmission channel under the condition that the node equipment is powered on and determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode;
and the first communication module is used for carrying out data communication with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, wherein the configuration parameters of the preset equipment at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes.
Optionally, the detection module is configured to:
receiving a broadcast packet sent by gateway equipment, and generating a first random number according to the broadcast packet;
determining a network access request packet according to the first random number and the equipment identification code of the node equipment;
receiving a network access challenge packet sent by gateway equipment, wherein the network access challenge packet is generated by the gateway equipment according to a network access request packet and is generated according to a second random number, a first secret key and the second random number;
decrypting the network access challenge packet by using a first secret key, if the first random number passes verification, encrypting the second random number according to a second secret key to obtain a network access challenge response packet, and sending the network access challenge response packet to gateway equipment so that the gateway equipment determines a session secret key according to the first random number and the second random number;
and receiving a response end packet which is returned by the gateway device and succeeds in network access, wherein the response end packet comprises the configuration parameters, and decrypting the response end packet according to the session key to obtain the configuration parameters.
Optionally, the first communication module is configured to:
under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, performing activity detection on a channel to acquire a channel state;
and if the frequency of the channel state being in the idle state exceeds a preset value, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode.
Optionally, the first communication module is further configured to:
if the transmitted data packet is low-priority data, detecting the idle state of the channel for two times;
if the channel state detected twice is an idle state, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode;
if the transmitted data packet is high-priority data, detecting the idle state of the channel for one time;
and if the channel state detected at one time is an idle state, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication apparatus with low power consumption, where the apparatus includes:
the configuration module is used for receiving an uplink data packet sent by the node equipment through an LoRa protocol stack according to preset configuration parameters under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes;
and the second communication module is used for sending the downlink response data packet to the node equipment.
Optionally, the second communication module is configured to:
under the condition that network communication is normal, forwarding the received LoRa data packet to a preset server through MQTT;
and under the condition that the network communication quality is poor or no network exists, storing the received LoRa data packet in a local preset buffer area so as to send the LoRa data packet after the network is recovered.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, including: at least one processor and memory;
the memory stores a computer program; the at least one processor executes the computer program stored by the memory to implement the low power consumption communication method provided by the first aspect.
In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed, implements the low power consumption communication method provided in the first aspect.
In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, including: at least one processor and memory;
the memory stores a computer program; the at least one processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to implement the low power consumption communication method provided by the second aspect.
In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed, implements the low power consumption communication method provided in the second aspect.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the low-power-consumption communication method, the low-power-consumption communication device, the terminal equipment and the storage medium, the data transmission channel is detected under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, and the mode that a data packet is to be sent is determined to enter; under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, data communication is carried out with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes, and the gateway is used for forming a receiving/transmitting body by using two LoRa chips SX 1276. Physically, dual antennas are used, one responsible for receiving radio frequency signals and one responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals. The node only uses one LoRa chip SX1276 for receiving/transmitting. Compared with the original scheme, the cost of the gateway equipment and the node equipment is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency collision is solved and the data transmission stability is improved by adopting a self-adaptive channel mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of one embodiment of a low power communication method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of an embodiment of a low power communication system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of one embodiment of channel detection of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a node time slot ordering of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a network entry embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of steps of yet another low power communication method embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7-1 is a schematic diagram of yet another low power consumption communication protocol format of the present invention;
FIG. 7-2 is a schematic diagram of yet another low power consumption communication protocol format of the present invention;
FIGS. 7-3 are schematic diagrams of yet another low power consumption communication protocol format of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a low power communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a low power consumption communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a low power consumption communication method, which is used for data transmission of an adaptive networking in a low power consumption wide area network. The execution subject of this embodiment is a communication apparatus with low power consumption, and is provided on a node device.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart illustrating steps of an embodiment of a low power consumption communication method according to the present invention is shown, and applied to a node device, the method may specifically include the following steps:
s101, detecting a data transmission channel under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, and determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode;
specifically, the gateway device uses two LoRa chips SX1276 to form a receiving/transmitting body. Physically, dual antennas are used, one responsible for receiving radio frequency signals and one responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals. The node equipment only uses one LoRa chip SX1276 for receiving/transmitting. As shown in fig. 2. Compared with the original scheme, the cost of the gateway and the node is greatly reduced.
And (3) randomly waiting for 0-60 seconds after the node is powered on (to avoid the over-concentration of the power-on of the equipment), entering a first data transmission mode, and periodically (possibly setting) entering the mode later. After entering a mode to be sent, Channel Activity Detection (CAD) is first performed.
The LoRa signal packet consists of 3 parts: preamble, optional header, data payload. As shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0003181849000000061
the wireless receiver scans the frequency band quickly, and the modem searches and calculates the preamble waveform. If the acquired sample is the same as the set lead code waveform, the channel is blocked; if different or no waveform, the channel is idle. The minimum CAD cycle can be calculated from the LoRa Bandwidth (BW), rate (SF), and is expressed as follows:
a receiving period: trec ═ 2^ SF + 32)/BW;
and (3) the whole CAD period: tcad 1.85 × Trec;
specific values are shown in the following table:
BW(KHz) SF CAD period (ms)
125 7 2.368
125 8 4.2624
125 9 8.0512
125 10 15.6288
125 11 30.784
125 12 61.0944
And if the channel is detected to be not idle, carrying out random time delay waiting and then initiating the next CAD. The random time is an integer multiple of the minimum CAD period. The random number upper limit increases exponentially in order to slow down devices from preempting the channel too aggressively. The formula is as follows:
CAD time delay: tdelay Tcad random (0, 2)m)
When the device detects that the channel is idle, the parameter m is continuously added by 1. The random number obtained by calculation is continuously increased, and the equipment is gradually queued behind the channel.
And if the channel detection is idle, initiating next CAD detection until N times of continuous detection, wherein N is set according to the priority of the data packet, and if the channel detection is idle, the node enters a sending process. The flow is shown in fig. 3.
In the process, a plurality of nodes can carry out radio frequency retrieval and avoidance. As shown in fig. 4, the N nodes are powered on to work, and the first CAD is started after 0-60s at random. At the time of T1, node 1 first seizes the channel to send out radio frequency, and if other nodes detect that node 1 sends out radio frequency, the next CAD is delayed and waited; at the time of T2, if the node 3 detects that the channel is idle, the channel is preempted to send out radio frequency, and meanwhile, if other nodes detect that the node 3 sends out radio frequency, the next CAD is delayed; at the time of T3, when the node 2 detects that the channel is idle, the node seizes the channel, and when other nodes detect that the node 2 sends out radio frequency, the CAD … carries out delay waiting for the next time, and the node continuously searches and delays for the next time along with the time, and gradually finds out the idle time slot of the channel. After finishing the channel time slot front-back sequencing, the node periodically sends data according to the new time slot. The whole radio frequency network slowly tends to be stable, and nodes do not interfere with each other.
And S102, carrying out data communication with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency point, bandwidth, session key and mode.
Specifically, each node device (hereinafter referred to as a node) includes a unique device identification code (EUI), a key a (keya), and a key b (keyb) for communication encryption and authentication.
When a node device first accesses a network, a gateway device (hereinafter referred to as a gateway) needs to verify the validity of the node. The gateway device will connect to the authentication server via HTTP, and query key a and key B according to node EUI. If the node information can be successfully acquired, a normal network access process is started, the node information is stored locally, network access is not needed to acquire the information, and otherwise, the gateway equipment refuses the node equipment to access the network.
After the first network access is finished, the nodes and the gateway store the parameters necessary for the radio frequency communication: frequency point, bandwidth, rate, key, mode, etc. And the gateway starts to normally run the LoRa protocol stack, receives the uplink data of the node, sends the response of the uplink data, receives the response of the downlink data, and the like. At this time, the LoRa link layer is completely independent of the network, and is purely radio frequency communication between the gateway and the node. Therefore, the LoRa data can be normally transmitted and received regardless of the network quality, and even the offline operation is possible.
The protocol format of the uplink and downlink transmission data of the nodes and the gateways is as follows:
(1) sleep type
As shown in fig. 71, after the device finishes sending the uplink data (UDataH), it immediately opens the receive Window 1(RX1 Window) and waits for the gateway to send the uplink response (UAck) preamble. If the preamble is received in the receiving window 1, the receiving window 1 is continuously opened until the uplink response to the gateway is received.
As shown in fig. 72, the gateway sends downstream data to the device, and the downstream data is buffered in the queue. When the device has finished sending the uplink data (UDataL), the gateway sets a downlink flag bit in the uplink response (UAck) to notify the node of the data to be downlink. After the node receives the uplink response, the node analyzes the downlink flag bit, and then opens a receiving Window 2(RX2 Window) to wait for a gateway downlink data (DData) preamble. After the gateway sends the upstream response, the downstream data is sent after delaying (DELAY 1). And after receiving the downlink data, the node immediately sends a downlink response (DAck) to the gateway.
(2) Constant current type
As shown in fig. 73, after the node sends uplink data (UDataH/L) and the receiving gateway sends an uplink response (UAck), a receiving Window (RX Window) is always opened. The gateway can downlink data (DData) at any time, the node sends a downlink response (DAck) after receiving the downlink data, and then the receiving window is opened all the time.
According to the low-power-consumption communication method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the data transmission channel is detected under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, and the mode of entering a data packet to be sent is determined; under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, data communication is carried out with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes, and the gateway is used for forming a receiving/transmitting body by using two LoRa chips SX 1276. Physically, dual antennas are used, one responsible for receiving radio frequency signals and one responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals. The node only uses one LoRa chip SX1276 for receiving/transmitting. Compared with the original scheme, the cost of the gateway equipment and the node equipment is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency collision is solved and the data transmission stability is improved by adopting a self-adaptive channel mode.
The present invention further provides a supplementary explanation of the communication method with low power consumption provided in the above embodiment.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
receiving a broadcast packet sent by gateway equipment, and generating a first random number according to the broadcast packet;
determining a network access request packet according to the first random number and the equipment identification code of the node equipment;
receiving a network access challenge packet sent by gateway equipment, wherein the network access challenge packet is generated by the gateway equipment according to a network access request packet and is generated according to a second random number, a first secret key and the second random number;
decrypting the network access challenge packet by using a first secret key, if the first random number passes verification, encrypting the second random number according to a second secret key to obtain a network access challenge response packet, and sending the network access challenge response packet to gateway equipment so that the gateway equipment determines a session secret key according to the first random number and the second random number;
and receiving a response end packet which is returned by the gateway device and succeeds in network access, wherein the response end packet comprises the configuration parameters, and decrypting the response end packet according to the session key to obtain the configuration parameters.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the T1 gateway and the node store a key a (keya) and a key b (keyb);
the T2 gateway starts to send broadcast packet (Beacon) to the node;
after receiving the broadcast packet, the T3 node generates a random number A (nonce A), and then forms a network access request packet (Joinrequest) by the equipment identification code (EUI) and the random number A, and sends the network access request packet to the gateway in a plaintext manner;
the T4 gateway receives the network access request packet sent by the node, generates a random number B (nonce B), encrypts the random number A and the random number B by using the secret key A, forms a network access challenge packet (JoinChallenge) and sends the packet to the node;
after receiving the network access challenge packet sent by the gateway, the T5 node decrypts the network access challenge packet by using the key A, verifies the random number A, encrypts the random number B by using the key B to form a network access challenge response packet (JoinchellingeRely), and sends the network access challenge response packet to the gateway;
after receiving the network access challenge response packet sent by the node, the T6 gateway decrypts the network access challenge response packet by using the key B, verifies the random number B, and then calculates a session key (SessionKey) by using the random number a and the random number B. Finally, the session key is used for encrypting the configuration parameters, and a network access end packet (JoinDone) is sent to the node;
after receiving a network access end packet sent by a gateway, the T7 node calculates a session key by using a random number A and a random number B, and then decrypts the network access end packet by using the session key to obtain a configuration parameter issued by the gateway;
both the gateway and the node use the session key as the final correspondent key after T8.
Optionally, when the node device is powered on, detecting a data transmission channel and determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode includes:
under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, performing activity detection on a channel to acquire a channel state;
and if the frequency of the channel state being in the idle state exceeds a preset value, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
if the transmitted data packet is low-priority data, detecting the idle state of the channel for two times;
if the channel state detected twice is an idle state, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode;
if the transmitted data packet is high-priority data, detecting the idle state of the channel for one time;
and if the channel state detected at one time is an idle state, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode.
Specifically, it is specified that a node needs to detect that a channel is free N consecutive times (N is 1 minimum) to enter a transmission state. Since each channel detection may be successful or failed, under the condition that the number of nodes is fixed and unchanged (i.e. the channel occupancy rate is unchanged), the larger the N value, the more difficult the node enters a sending state, and otherwise, the node is easier to send.
In practical application, the node needs to distinguish the ordinary data from the immediate data. General data, such as periodic physical quantities of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and the like; immediate data, such as equipment urgency data like status reporting, command response, exception codes, etc. Therefore, data transmission of the node is designed to be low priority and high priority (default is low priority, and high priority can be set).
The low priority data needs to be subjected to channel detection twice, accumulation is restarted when any failure occurs, and the sending state can be entered only when the low priority data is idle for two times continuously. The high priority data only needs to be subjected to channel detection once, and enters a sending state as long as idle is detected.
According to the low-power-consumption communication method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the data transmission channel is detected under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, and the mode of entering a data packet to be sent is determined; under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, data communication is carried out with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes, and the gateway is used for forming a receiving/transmitting body by using two LoRa chips SX 1276. Physically, dual antennas are used, one responsible for receiving radio frequency signals and one responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals. The node only uses one LoRa chip SX1276 for receiving/transmitting. Compared with the original scheme, the cost of the gateway equipment and the node equipment is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency collision is solved and the data transmission stability is improved by adopting a self-adaptive channel mode.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of steps of still another embodiment of a low power consumption communication method of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the method includes:
s501, receiving an uplink data packet sent by the node equipment through an LoRa protocol stack according to preset configuration parameters under the condition that the node equipment is successfully accessed to the network, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes;
and S502, sending a downlink response data packet to the node equipment.
Specifically, when the node device successfully accesses the network, the uplink data packet sent by the node device is received through the LoRa protocol stack according to the preset configuration parameters, and the downlink response data packet may also be sent to the node device.
When the network communication is normal, the gateway forwards the received LoRa data to the set server through the MQTT. When the network communication quality is poor or no network exists, the gateway automatically performs local cache on the received LoRa data, and performs data reissue when the network is recovered. If the network is continuously abnormal, the local storage is always carried out, and finally the data which is not forwarded can be taken out in a local export mode.
The node side also realizes the function of data multi-cycle cache, and data which cannot be sent out is sent out in the next cycle. During each transmission period, if the node cannot detect an idle channel due to channel congestion or other radio frequency interference, the data in the period cannot be normally transmitted. And at the moment, the node presses the data which cannot be sent into a cache to be sent, and after a next period detects an idle channel, the cached data and the data of a new period are sent out together.
Specifically, the format of a protocol data frame for the node device and the gateway device to communicate is specifically:
(1) broadcast packet (gateway end sending)
Beacon DevNetId MSG_TYPE_BEACON channel spreading factor CRC
Description of the drawings: radio frequency parameters for designated node access to network
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ BEACON: message numbering
Channel: radio frequency channel
spinning factor: radio frequency rate
CRC: check value
(2) Network request (node end sending out)
Join Request DevNetId MSG_TYPE_JOIN_REQUEST EUI Nonce A CRC
Description of the drawings: parameter setting for node network access request
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ JOIN _ REQUEST: message numbering
And EUI: node unique identification code
Nonce a: random number A
CRC: check value
(3) Network challenge (gateway end issue)
Figure BDA0003181849000000121
Description of the drawings: node authentication for network access process
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ JOIN _ CHALLENGE: message numbering
Nonce a: random number A
Nonce B: random number B
Short Addr: node short ground
CRC: check value
(4) Network challenge response (node end send out)
Figure BDA0003181849000000131
Description of the drawings: gateway authentication response for network access process
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ JOIN _ CHALLENGE _ REPLY: message numbering
Nonce B: random number B
protocol version: protocol version number
device class: type of equipment (sleeping type/constant electric type)
CRC: check value
(5) Network parameters (gateway end sending out)
Join Parameter DevNetId MSG_TYPE_JOIN_PARAMETER policy duty cycle*1s CRC
Description of the drawings: for setting node parameters by gateway
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ JOIN _ PARAMETER: message numbering
And Policy: priority setting
duty cycle 1 s: reporting period, unit: second of
CRC: check value
(6) Network entry parameter response (node end send out)
Join Parameter Reply DevNetId MSG_TYPE_JOIN_PARAMETER_REPLY result CRC
Description of the drawings: for node to respond to network access parameter setting
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ JOIN _ PARAMETER _ REPLY: message numbering
result: network access parameter setting result
CRC: check value
(7) Completion of network access (gateway end send out)
Join Done DevNetId MSG_TYPE_JOIN_DONE result CRC
Description of the drawings: for indicating the end of network access
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ JOIN _ DONE: message numbering
result: network access result
CRC: check value
(8) Data uplink (node end sending)
Figure BDA0003181849000000141
Description of the drawings: for node uplink data
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ DATA _ UPLINK: message numbering
uplink counter: radio frequency uplink frame number
frame counter: data sample frame number
frame 1: data frame 1
frame n: data frame n
frame data length: data frame length
uplink block: data frame body
CRC: check value
(9) Data uplink response (gateway end sending out)
Data Uplink ACK DevNetId MSG_TYPE_DATA_UPLINK_ACK downlink counter CRC
Description of the drawings: for gateway to respond to upstream data
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ DATA _ UPLINK _ ACK: message numbering
downlink counter: radio frequency downlink frame number
CRC: check value
(10) Data uplink response with window (gateway end sending)
Figure BDA0003181849000000151
Description of the drawings: for gateway to respond uplink data and open new receiving window
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ DATA _ UPLINK _ ACK _ RX _ WIN: message numbering
downlink counter: radio frequency downlink frame number
windows time 50 ms: receive window width, unit: 50ms
CRC: check value
(11) Restarting equipment (gateway end sending out)
Reboot Mote DevNetId MSG_TYPE_REBOOT_MOTE downlink counter CRC
Description of the drawings: node for restarting gateway
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ REBOOT _ MOTE: message numbering
downlink counter: radio frequency downlink frame number
CRC: check value
(12) Configuring radio frequency parameters (gateway end sending out)
Figure BDA0003181849000000152
Description of the drawings: method for resetting node radio frequency parameters by gateway
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ CHANGE _ RADIO _ CONFIG: message numbering
downlink counter: radio frequency downlink frame number
radio channel: radio frequency point
spinning factor: radio frequency rate
CRC: check value
(13) Configuring network access parameters (gateway end sending out)
Figure BDA0003181849000000161
Description of the drawings: method for resetting network access parameters of nodes by gateway
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ CHANGE _ JOIN _ PARAMETER: message numbering
downlink counter: radio frequency downlink frame number
radio polarity: priority setting
duty cycle 1 s: reporting period, unit: second of
CRC: check value
(14) Data downstream (gateway end sending out)
Data Downlink DevNetId MSG_TYPE_DATA_DOWNLINK downlink counter downlink frame CRC
Description of the drawings: for gateway downstream data
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ DATA _ down: message numbering
downlink counter: radio frequency downlink frame number
downlink frame: downstream data content
CRC: check value
(15) Data downlink response (node end sending out)
Data Downlink ACK DevNetId MSG_TYPE_DATA_DOWNLINK_ACK uplink counter CRC
Description of the drawings: for node to respond to gateway downlink data
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ DATA _ DOWNLINK _ ACK: message numbering
uplink counter: radio frequency uplink frame number
CRC: check value
(16) High priority data upstream (node end send out)
Figure BDA0003181849000000171
Description of the drawings: for node uplink high priority data
DevNetId: node network numbering
MSG _ TYPE _ DATA _ UPLINK _ IMMEDIATELY: message numbering
uplink counter: radio frequency uplink frame number
uplink frame: upstream data content
CRC: check value
It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the method embodiments are described as a series of acts or combination of acts, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is not limited by the illustrated order of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are presently preferred and that no particular act is required to implement the invention.
The embodiment of the invention has the advantages of obviously reduced cost and wider application scene; the radio frequency abnormal rate is reduced, and the data delivery rate of the equipment is 100%; the gateway can perform data analysis locally without depending on a cloud server; the gateway and the node cache data, so that data loss is avoided, the network quality is not required to be good, and offline operation and data caching can be realized.
According to the low-power-consumption communication method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the data transmission channel is detected under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, and the mode of entering a data packet to be sent is determined; under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, data communication is carried out with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes, and the gateway is used for forming a receiving/transmitting body by using two LoRa chips SX 1276. Physically, dual antennas are used, one responsible for receiving radio frequency signals and one responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals. The node only uses one LoRa chip SX1276 for receiving/transmitting. Compared with the original scheme, the cost of the gateway equipment and the node equipment is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency collision is solved and the data transmission stability is improved by adopting a self-adaptive channel mode.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a communication apparatus with low power consumption, configured to perform the communication method with low power consumption provided in the foregoing embodiment.
Referring to fig. 7, a block diagram of a low power consumption communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the device may specifically include the following modules: a detection module 601 and a first communication module 602, wherein:
the detection module 601 is configured to detect a data transmission channel and determine to enter a mode for sending a data packet when the node device is powered on;
the first communication module 602 is configured to perform data communication with a gateway device according to preset configuration parameters under the condition that the node device successfully accesses a network, where the preset configuration parameters at least include one or more of a frequency point, a bandwidth, a session key, and a mode.
The communication device with low power consumption provided by the embodiment of the invention detects the data transmission channel under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, and determines to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode; under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, data communication is carried out with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes, and the gateway is used for forming a receiving/transmitting body by using two LoRa chips SX 1276. Physically, dual antennas are used, one responsible for receiving radio frequency signals and one responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals. The node only uses one LoRa chip SX1276 for receiving/transmitting. Compared with the original scheme, the cost of the gateway equipment and the node equipment is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency collision is solved and the data transmission stability is improved by adopting a self-adaptive channel mode.
The invention further provides a communication device with low power consumption provided by the above embodiment.
Optionally, the detection module is configured to:
receiving a broadcast packet sent by gateway equipment, and generating a first random number according to the broadcast packet;
determining a network access request packet according to the first random number and the equipment identification code of the node equipment;
receiving a network access challenge packet sent by gateway equipment, wherein the network access challenge packet is generated by the gateway equipment according to a network access request packet and is generated according to a second random number, a first secret key and the second random number;
decrypting the network access challenge packet by using a first secret key, if the first random number passes verification, encrypting the second random number according to a second secret key to obtain a network access challenge response packet, and sending the network access challenge response packet to gateway equipment so that the gateway equipment determines a session secret key according to the first random number and the second random number;
and receiving a response end packet which is returned by the gateway device and succeeds in network access, wherein the response end packet comprises the configuration parameters, and decrypting the response end packet according to the session key to obtain the configuration parameters.
Optionally, the first communication module is configured to:
under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, performing activity detection on a channel to acquire a channel state;
and if the frequency of the channel state being in the idle state exceeds a preset value, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode.
Optionally, the first communication module is further configured to:
if the transmitted data packet is low-priority data, detecting the idle state of the channel for two times;
if the channel state detected twice is an idle state, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode;
if the transmitted data packet is high-priority data, detecting the idle state of the channel for one time;
and if the channel state detected at one time is an idle state, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode.
It should be noted that the respective implementable modes in the present embodiment may be implemented individually, or may be implemented in combination in any combination without conflict, and the present application is not limited thereto.
For the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, refer to the partial description of the method embodiment.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a communication apparatus with low power consumption, configured to perform the communication method with low power consumption provided in the foregoing embodiment.
Referring to fig. 8, a block diagram of a low power consumption communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the device may specifically include the following modules: a configuration module 701 and a second communication module 702, wherein:
the configuration module 701 is configured to receive, according to preset configuration parameters and through an LoRa protocol stack, an uplink data packet sent by the node device when the node device successfully accesses a network, where the configuration parameters of the preset device at least include one or more of a frequency point, a bandwidth, a session key, and a mode;
the second communication module 702 is configured to send a downlink response packet to the node device.
The communication device with low power consumption provided by the embodiment of the invention passes.
The invention further provides a communication device with low power consumption provided by the above embodiment.
Optionally, the second communication module is configured to:
under the condition that network communication is normal, forwarding the received LoRa data packet to a preset server through MQTT;
and under the condition that the network communication quality is poor or no network exists, storing the received LoRa data packet in a local preset buffer area so as to send the LoRa data packet after the network is recovered.
The communication device with low power consumption provided by the embodiment of the invention detects the data transmission channel under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, and determines to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode; under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, data communication is carried out with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes, and the gateway is used for forming a receiving/transmitting body by using two LoRa chips SX 1276. Physically, dual antennas are used, one responsible for receiving radio frequency signals and one responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals. The node only uses one LoRa chip SX1276 for receiving/transmitting. Compared with the original scheme, the cost of the gateway equipment and the node equipment is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency collision is solved and the data transmission stability is improved by adopting a self-adaptive channel mode.
Still another embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, configured to execute the communication method with low power consumption provided in the foregoing embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 9, the terminal device includes: at least one processor 801 and memory 802; the terminal device is a node device.
The memory stores a computer program; the at least one processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to implement the communication method with low power consumption provided by the above-described embodiments.
The terminal device provided in this embodiment detects the data transmission channel and determines to enter a mode for sending a data packet, when the node device is powered on; under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, data communication is carried out with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes, and the gateway is used for forming a receiving/transmitting body by using two LoRa chips SX 1276. Physically, dual antennas are used, one responsible for receiving radio frequency signals and one responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals. The node only uses one LoRa chip SX1276 for receiving/transmitting. Compared with the original scheme, the cost of the gateway equipment and the node equipment is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency collision is solved and the data transmission stability is improved by adopting a self-adaptive channel mode. Yet another embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the communication method with low power consumption provided in any of the above embodiments is implemented.
According to the computer-readable storage medium of this embodiment, a data transmission channel is detected when a node device is powered on, and it is determined that a data packet to be sent enters a mode; under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, data communication is carried out with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes, and the gateway is used for forming a receiving/transmitting body by using two LoRa chips SX 1276. Physically, dual antennas are used, one responsible for receiving radio frequency signals and one responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals. The node only uses one LoRa chip SX1276 for receiving/transmitting. Compared with the original scheme, the cost of the gateway equipment and the node equipment is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency collision is solved and the data transmission stability is improved by adopting a self-adaptive channel mode.
Still another embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, configured to execute the communication method with low power consumption provided in the foregoing embodiment. The terminal device is a gateway device.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 10, the terminal device includes: at least one processor 901 and memory 902;
the memory stores a computer program; the at least one processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to implement the communication method with low power consumption provided by the above-described embodiments.
The terminal device provided in this embodiment detects the data transmission channel and determines to enter a mode for sending a data packet, when the node device is powered on; under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, data communication is carried out with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes, and the gateway is used for forming a receiving/transmitting body by using two LoRa chips SX 1276. Physically, dual antennas are used, one responsible for receiving radio frequency signals and one responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals. The node only uses one LoRa chip SX1276 for receiving/transmitting. Compared with the original scheme, the cost of the gateway equipment and the node equipment is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency collision is solved and the data transmission stability is improved by adopting a self-adaptive channel mode. Yet another embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the communication method with low power consumption provided in any of the above embodiments is implemented.
According to the computer-readable storage medium of this embodiment, a data transmission channel is detected when a node device is powered on, and it is determined that a data packet to be sent enters a mode; under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, data communication is carried out with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes, and the gateway is used for forming a receiving/transmitting body by using two LoRa chips SX 1276. Physically, dual antennas are used, one responsible for receiving radio frequency signals and one responsible for transmitting radio frequency signals. The node only uses one LoRa chip SX1276 for receiving/transmitting. Compared with the original scheme, the cost of the gateway equipment and the node equipment is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency collision is solved and the data transmission stability is improved by adopting a self-adaptive channel mode.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or electronic device that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or electronic device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or electronic device that comprises the element.

Claims (10)

1. A communication method with low power consumption is applied to a node device, and the method comprises the following steps:
under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, detecting a data transmission channel and determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode;
and under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, carrying out data communication with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a broadcast packet sent by gateway equipment, and generating a first random number according to the broadcast packet;
determining a network access request packet according to the first random number and the equipment identification code of the node equipment;
receiving a network access challenge packet sent by gateway equipment, wherein the network access challenge packet is generated by the gateway equipment according to a network access request packet and is generated according to a second random number, a first secret key and the second random number;
decrypting the network access challenge packet by using a first secret key, if the first random number passes verification, encrypting the second random number according to a second secret key to obtain a network access challenge response packet, and sending the network access challenge response packet to gateway equipment so that the gateway equipment determines a session secret key according to the first random number and the second random number;
and receiving a response end packet which is returned by the gateway device and succeeds in network access, wherein the response end packet comprises the configuration parameters, and decrypting the response end packet according to the session key to obtain the configuration parameters.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the data transmission channel and determining to enter a data packet transmission mode under the condition that the node device is powered on comprises:
under the condition that the node equipment is powered on, performing activity detection on a channel to acquire a channel state;
and if the frequency of the channel state being in the idle state exceeds a preset value, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
if the transmitted data packet is low-priority data, detecting the idle state of the channel for two times;
if the channel state detected twice is an idle state, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode;
if the transmitted data packet is high-priority data, detecting the idle state of the channel for one time;
and if the channel state detected at one time is an idle state, determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode.
5. A communication method with low power consumption is applied to a gateway device, and the method comprises the following steps:
under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, receiving an uplink data packet sent by the node equipment through an LoRa protocol stack according to preset configuration parameters, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes;
and sending a downlink response data packet to the node equipment.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
under the condition that network communication is normal, forwarding the received LoRa data packet to a preset server through MQTT;
and under the condition that the network communication quality is poor or no network exists, storing the received LoRa data packet in a local preset buffer area so as to send the LoRa data packet after the network is recovered.
7. A communication device with low power consumption is applied to a node device, and the device comprises:
the detection module is used for detecting a data transmission channel under the condition that the node equipment is powered on and determining to enter a data packet to-be-sent mode;
and the first communication module is used for carrying out data communication with the gateway equipment according to preset configuration parameters under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, wherein the configuration parameters of the preset equipment at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes.
8. A communication apparatus with low power consumption, applied to a gateway device, the apparatus comprising:
the configuration module is used for receiving an uplink data packet sent by the node equipment through an LoRa protocol stack according to preset configuration parameters under the condition that the node equipment successfully accesses the network, wherein the preset configuration parameters at least comprise one or more of frequency points, bandwidth, session keys and modes;
and the second communication module is used for sending the downlink response data packet to the node equipment.
9. A terminal device, comprising: at least one processor and memory;
the memory stores a computer program; the at least one processor executes the computer program stored by the memory to implement the low power consumption communication method of any of claims 1-4 or 5-6.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored therein, which when executed implements the low power consumption communication method of any one of claims 1-4 or 5-6.
CN202110849423.0A 2021-07-27 2021-07-27 Low-power-consumption communication method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium Pending CN113905369A (en)

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