CN113882837A - Water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device and method for horizontal well of bottom water heavy oil reservoir - Google Patents
Water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device and method for horizontal well of bottom water heavy oil reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 251
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
Abstract
The invention relates to a bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device and an experimental method, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development experimental simulation devices. The device includes injection system, two-dimensional analog system, collection system, accuse water viscosity reduction system, pressure acquisition and processing system and camera system, and wherein, two-dimensional analog system entry linkage has injection system, and two-dimensional analog system exit end is connected with collection system and accuse water viscosity reduction system respectively, and two-dimensional analog system's entry end and exit end all are connected with pressure acquisition and processing system, and the two-dimensional analog system outside is provided with camera system. The invention can research the water cone state in the bottom water heavy oil reservoir development process and the gas injection pressure cone after the water cone is formed, and determines the cone pressing time, the gas injection amount and the gas injection speed suitable for the simulated bottom water heavy oil reservoir by the change condition of the oil-water contact surface in the balanced cone pressing process and the change of the yield before and after the cone pressing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device and an experimental method, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development experimental simulation devices.
Background
Bottom water reservoirs, which are characterized by an oil layer and a water layer separated by a horizontal interface, are widely distributed worldwide. As some fields enter secondary and tertiary production, their development characteristics are also similar to those of bottom water reservoirs. The main problems of bottom water heavy oil reservoir development are inhibiting water coning and reducing the viscosity of heavy oil, but the existing bottom water development modes cannot well develop the bottom water heavy oil reservoir. In addition, the existing laboratory physical simulation device cannot vividly describe the water cone shape and the process of inhibiting the water cone and reducing the viscosity of the thickened oil.
Chinese patent document CN102434151B discloses a bottom water coning dynamic simulation experiment device and a simulation system in bottom water reservoir development. The simulation system comprises an upper box body and a lower box body which are matched into a whole, wherein a seepage partition plate is arranged between the upper box body and the lower box body; the upper box body is provided with an upper cover, and the lower box body is provided with a lower cover; reservoir sand bodies and horizontally placed simulated horizontal wells are filled in the cavity of the upper box body; the upper cover is provided with a pipeline inlet, and the side wall of the upper box body is provided with a fluid outlet; the lower cover is provided with a fluid inlet. The experimental device comprises a displacement source, a displacement pump, an intermediate container, the simulation system, a mass flow meter and a collection vessel. The device only simulates the rising rule of the bottom water and cannot be used for researching the shape of the bottom water cone.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device, which can be used for researching the water cone state of the bottom water in the bottom water heavy oil reservoir development process and the gas injection pressure cone after the water cone is formed, and the cone pressing time, the gas injection amount and the gas injection speed which are suitable for the simulated bottom water heavy oil reservoir are determined according to the change condition of the oil-water contact surface in the constant pressure cone process and the change of the yield before and after cone pressing.
The invention also provides an experimental method of the water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device for the horizontal well of the raised bottom water heavy oil reservoir.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device for a horizontal well of a bottom water heavy oil reservoir comprises an injection system, a two-dimensional simulation system, an acquisition system, a water control and viscosity reduction system, a pressure acquisition and processing system and a camera system, wherein,
the entry linkage of two-dimensional simulation system has injection system, injection system is used for the saturated water, the saturated oil, provide the bottom water energy, two-dimensional simulation system exit end is connected with collection system and accuse water viscosity reduction system respectively, collection system is used for controlling the exploitation speed, collect and measure the liquid production volume, water yield and oil production volume, accuse water viscosity reduction system is used for carrying out the experiment of increasing production measure, two-dimensional simulation system's entry end and exit end all are connected with pressure acquisition and processing system, pressure acquisition and processing system are arranged in the change of real-time supervision experimentation pressure, the two-dimensional simulation system outside is provided with camera system, camera system is used for the record experimentation.
Preferably, the two-dimensional simulation system comprises a sealing cover and a sand filling box, the sealing cover is arranged on the sand filling box, the sealing cover is provided with 3 fluid inlets and corresponding fluid outlets, horizontal sand blocking strips are arranged at the lower end in a cavity of the sand filling box, vertical sand blocking strips are arranged between the horizontal sand blocking strips, 9 fluid inlets sealed by screw plugs are arranged on the bottom surface of the sand filling box, and fluid inlets at different positions can be flexibly opened to be connected with an injection system for controlling the distribution of oil saturation during saturated oil. The horizontal sand-blocking strip can ensure that the bottom water is uniformly contacted with the oil-containing sand body; the vertical sand blocking strips can be detached and used for partitioning to simulate and control the water cone of the heterogeneous oil reservoir, and the simulation and control of the water cone of the homogeneous oil reservoir can be simulated without the vertical sand blocking strips.
Preferably, the sealing cover is provided with a visual window which is made of transparent toughened glass. The observation is convenient to carry out in the experimental process to carry out visual analysis research such as video recording.
Preferably, the injection system comprises a first displacement pump, a first intermediate container and a second intermediate container, the first displacement pump is connected with the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container through a first valve and a second valve respectively, outlets of the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container are connected with an inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system through a first six-way valve, and oil and water are filled in the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container respectively. And ensuring that the fluid stably enters the two-dimensional simulation system during the test process.
Preferably, the acquisition system comprises a flow meter, an oil-water separator, a water-phase meter and an oil-phase meter, the oil-water separator is connected with the water-phase meter and the oil-phase meter respectively to meter the volume of oil and water in the liquid, the oil-water separator is connected with the outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system through a second six-way valve, and the flow meter is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the oil-water separator and the two-dimensional simulation system and used for monitoring the liquid production speed.
Preferably, the water-control viscosity-reduction system comprises a second displacement pump, an air source, a third intermediate container and a mass flow meter, wherein an outlet of the second displacement pump is connected with the third intermediate container filled with the chemical agent through a pipeline; the outlet of the third intermediate container is sequentially communicated with the second six-way valve and the outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, and is used for researching the influence of different chemical agents on the shape and volume of the water cone and the increase of the recovery ratio; and the gas source is sequentially communicated with the third valve, the mass flow meter, the second six-way valve and the outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system so as to perform a gas injection and water pressing water cone experiment after the water cone is formed.
The function of the mass flow meter is to control the amount of gas injected, and the amount of drug injected in the third intermediate container is controlled by the second displacement pump.
Preferably, the pressure acquisition and processing system comprises a computer, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, the computer is respectively connected with the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, and the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are respectively connected to the first six-way valve and the second six-way valve. And recording pressure data of the inlet end and the outlet end of the two-dimensional simulation system in the experimental process through the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor.
Preferably, the camera system is a video camera, and the video camera is connected with a computer.
The experimental method for bottom water exploitation by the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device comprises the following operation steps:
(1) filling fine sand in the sand filling box, and then sealing and fixing a sealing cover and the sand filling box through fastening bolts, wherein a first intermediate container is filled with crude oil, and a second intermediate container is filled with formation water;
(2) opening a second valve, closing a first valve, opening a first displacement pump to fill sand layer saturated water, enabling fluid to flow in from a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system and flow out from a fluid outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, and calculating the pore volume according to the weight change of the two-dimensional simulation system before and after the saturated water, wherein the specific calculation formula is that the pore volume is equal to the ratio of the difference value of the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system after the saturated water and the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system before the saturated water to the density of the water;
(3) closing the second valve, opening the first displacement pump to fill sand saturated oil, considering that the density of the oil is less than that of water, in order to ensure that an oil-water interface can be uniformly pushed when the saturated oil exists, enabling fluid to flow in from an outlet 26 of the two-dimensional simulation system, enabling the fluid to flow out from a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, measuring the condition of liquid outlet, driving water by the oil, injecting thick oil into the two-dimensional simulation system at a constant speed until the fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system does not see water, wherein the volume of the outlet is the volume of the saturated oil, calculating the original oil saturation and the irreducible water saturation, wherein the original oil saturation is equal to the ratio of the volume of the saturated oil to the volume of pores, and the irreducible water saturation is equal to the difference between 1 and the original oil saturation;
(4) opening the second valve, closing the first valve, and connecting into a second intermediate container;
(5) connecting a pipeline to an acquisition system at an intermediate interface of a fluid outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, and simulating an extraction well; connecting a pipeline to an injection system at a middle interface of a fluid inlet of a two-dimensional simulation system, simulating bottom water of a bottom water heavy oil reservoir, and simulating production of a production well by adopting constant yield simulation;
(6) utilize first displacement pump to provide the energy to the bottom water and simulate the development, first pressure sensor and computer real-time supervision production pressure differential, camera system record experiment overall process, and collection system carries out the accuracy measurement to gathering the liquid measure, gathering the oil mass, gathering the water yield.
The experimental method for gas injection cone pressing yield increase after bottom water development by the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device comprises the following operation steps:
firstly, carrying out bottom water exploitation experiment steps (1) - (6), disconnecting a two-dimensional simulation system from an injection system and an acquisition system after the water content reaches a set saturation, and connecting a water control viscosity reduction system to a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system;
opening a third valve, injecting gas into the two-dimensional simulation system, monitoring the injection pressure in real time by a second pressure sensor, controlling the gas injection speed by a mass flowmeter, and recording the gas injection and water pressing cone process in the whole process of the camera system in the gas injection process;
and thirdly, closing a third valve after gas injection is finished, accessing the injection system and the acquisition system to the two-dimensional simulation system again, performing a yield increase experiment after the bottom water heavy oil reservoir is injected with the pressurized water cone according to the bottom water exploitation experiment steps (4) to (6), and accurately metering the acquired liquid amount, the acquired oil amount and the acquired water amount by the acquisition system.
The experimental method for the influence of injecting different types of viscosity reducers on the water cone shape and the recovery ratio improvement after bottom water development is carried out by the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device comprises the following operation steps:
a. carrying out bottom water exploitation experiment steps (1) - (6), disconnecting the two-dimensional simulation system from the injection system and the collection system after the water content reaches a set saturation, and connecting a water control viscosity reduction system to a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system;
b. the second displacement pump drives the viscosity reducer in the third intermediate container to enter the two-dimensional simulation system, the second pressure sensor monitors the injection pressure in real time, and the camera system records the injection process in the whole process of the viscosity reducer injection process;
c. and (3) accessing the injection system and the collection system to the two-dimensional simulation system again after the viscosity reducer is injected, performing an experiment on the influence of the injection of the viscosity reducer into the bottom water heavy oil reservoir on the water cone shape and the enhanced recovery ratio according to the steps (5) and (6) of the bottom water exploitation experiment, and accurately metering the liquid collection amount, the oil collection amount and the water collection amount by the collection system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device, which can be used for researching the bottom water heavy oil reservoir state in the bottom water heavy oil reservoir development process and the gas injection pressure cone after the water cone is formed, and can determine the cone pressing time, the gas injection amount and the gas injection speed which are suitable for the simulated bottom water heavy oil reservoir through the change condition of an oil-water contact surface in the balanced cone pressing process and the change of the yield before and after cone pressing.
2. The invention can research the influence of different types of viscosity reducers on the shape of the water cone and the improvement of the recovery ratio, and the device can be cleaned and repeatedly used after the experiment is finished.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a two-dimensional simulation system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of a two-dimensional simulation system of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a sand-packed box of the two-dimensional simulation system of the present invention.
The respective symbols in the figure are as follows: 1. a first displacement pump; 2. a second displacement pump; 3. a first valve; 4. a second valve; 5. a third valve; 6. a first intermediate container; 7. a second intermediate container; 8. a third intermediate container; 9. a first six-way valve; 10. a second six-way valve; 11. a first pressure sensor; 12. a second pressure sensor; 13. a two-dimensional simulation system; 14. a flow meter; 15. a mass flow meter; 16. a camera; 17. an oil-water separator; 18. an oil phase meter; 19. a water phase meter; 20. a computer; 21. a gas source; 22. a sealing cover; 23. a visual window; 24. fastening a bolt; 25. a fluid inlet; 26. a fluid outlet; 27. filling a sand box; 28. a fluid inlet; 29. fastening a bolt; 30. horizontal sand blocking strips; 31. a flow channel; 32. vertical sand blocking strips.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described by way of examples, but not limited thereto, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental apparatus for a horizontal well of a bottom water heavy oil reservoir, which includes an injection system, a two-dimensional simulation system, a collection system, a water control and viscosity reduction system, a pressure collection and processing system, and a camera system, wherein,
the entry linkage of two-dimensional simulation system has injection system, injection system is used for the saturated water, the saturated oil, provide the bottom water energy, two-dimensional simulation system exit end is connected with collection system and accuse water viscosity reduction system respectively, collection system is used for controlling the exploitation speed, collect and measure the liquid production volume, water yield and oil production volume, accuse water viscosity reduction system is used for carrying out the experiment of increasing production measure, two-dimensional simulation system's entry end and exit end all are connected with pressure acquisition and processing system, pressure acquisition and processing system are arranged in the change of real-time supervision experimentation pressure, the two-dimensional simulation system outside is provided with camera system, camera system is used for the record experimentation.
The two-dimensional simulation system comprises a sealing cover 22 and a sand filling box 27, wherein the sealing cover 22 is arranged on the sand filling box 27, 3 fluid inlets 25 and corresponding fluid outlets 26 are arranged on the sealing cover 22, horizontal sand blocking strips 30 are arranged at the lower end in a cavity of the sand filling box 27, 2 vertical sand blocking strips 32 are arranged between the horizontal sand blocking strips 30, 9 fluid inlets 28 sealed by using screwed plugs are arranged on the bottom surface of the sand filling box 27, and the fluid inlets 28 at different positions can be flexibly opened to be connected with an injection system for controlling the distribution of oil saturation during oil saturation. The horizontal sand-blocking strip can ensure that the bottom water is uniformly contacted with the oil-containing sand body; the vertical sand blocking strips can be detached and used for partitioning to simulate and control the water cone of the heterogeneous oil reservoir, and the simulation and control of the water cone of the homogeneous oil reservoir can be simulated without the vertical sand blocking strips.
The sealing cover 22 is provided with a visual window 23, and the visual window 23 is made of transparent toughened glass. The observation is convenient to carry out in the experimental process to carry out visual analysis research such as video recording.
The injection system comprises a first displacement pump 1, a first intermediate container 6 and a second intermediate container 7, the first displacement pump 1 is connected with the first intermediate container 6 and the second intermediate container 7 through a first valve 3 and a second valve 4 respectively, outlets of the first intermediate container 6 and the second intermediate container 7 are connected with inlets of a two-dimensional simulation system 13 through a first six-way valve 9, and oil and water are filled in the first intermediate container 6 and the second intermediate container 7 respectively. And ensuring that the fluid stably enters the two-dimensional simulation system during the test process.
The acquisition system comprises a flowmeter 14, an oil-water separator 17, a water phase meter 19 and an oil phase meter 18, the oil-water separator 17 is respectively connected with the water phase meter 19 and the oil phase meter 18 to meter the volume of oil and water of the liquid, the oil-water separator 17 is connected with an outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system 13 through a second six-way valve 10, and a flowmeter 14 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the oil-water separator 17 and the two-dimensional simulation system 13 and used for monitoring the speed of the liquid production.
The water control and viscosity reduction system comprises a second displacement pump 2, an air source 21, a third intermediate container 8 and a mass flow meter 15, wherein an outlet of the second displacement pump 2 is connected with the third intermediate container 8 filled with chemical agents through a pipeline; the outlet of the third intermediate container 8 is sequentially communicated with the outlets of the second six-way valve 10 and the two-dimensional simulation system 13, and is used for researching the influence of different chemical agents on the shape and volume of the water cone and the increase of the recovery ratio; and the gas source 21 is sequentially communicated with the third valve 5, the mass flow meter 15, the second six-way valve 10 and the outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system 13 so as to perform a gas injection and water pressing cone experiment after the water cone is formed.
The function of the mass flow meter is to control the amount of gas injected, and the amount of drug injected in the third intermediate container is controlled by the second displacement pump.
The pressure acquisition and processing system comprises a computer 20, a first pressure sensor 11 and a second pressure sensor 12, the computer 20 is respectively connected with the first pressure sensor 11 and the second pressure sensor 12, and the first pressure sensor 11 and the second pressure sensor 12 are respectively connected to the first six-way valve 9 and the second six-way valve 10. And recording pressure data of the inlet end and the outlet end of the two-dimensional simulation system in the experimental process through the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor.
The camera system is a camera 16, and a computer 20 is connected to the camera 16.
The experimental method for bottom water exploitation by the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device comprises the following operation steps:
(1) filling fine sand in the sand filling box, and then sealing and fixing a sealing cover and the sand filling box through fastening bolts, wherein a first intermediate container is filled with crude oil, and a second intermediate container is filled with formation water;
(2) opening a second valve, closing the first valve, opening a first displacement pump to fill sand layer saturated water, enabling fluid to flow in from a fluid inlet 25 of the two-dimensional simulation system and flow out from a fluid outlet 26 of the two-dimensional simulation system, and calculating the pore volume according to the weight change of the two-dimensional simulation system before and after saturated water, wherein the specific calculation formula is that the pore volume is equal to the ratio of the difference value of the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system after saturated water and the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system before saturated water to the density of water;
(3) closing the second valve, opening the first displacement pump to fill sand saturated oil, considering that the density of the oil is less than that of water, in order to ensure that an oil-water interface can be uniformly pushed when the saturated oil exists, enabling fluid to flow in from a fluid outlet 26 of the two-dimensional simulation system, enabling the fluid to flow out from a fluid inlet 25 of the two-dimensional simulation system, measuring the liquid outlet condition, driving water by the oil, injecting thick oil into the two-dimensional simulation system at a constant speed until the fluid inlet 25 of the two-dimensional simulation system does not see water, wherein the volume of the outlet water is the volume of the saturated oil, calculating the original oil saturation and the constraint water saturation, wherein the original oil saturation is equal to the ratio of the volume of the saturated oil to the volume of pores, and the constraint water saturation is equal to the difference between 1 and the original oil saturation;
(4) opening the second valve, closing the first valve, and connecting into a second intermediate container;
(5) connecting a pipeline to the acquisition system at the middle interface of the fluid outlet 26 of the two-dimensional simulation system to simulate an extraction well; a pipeline is connected to the middle interface of a fluid inlet 25 of the two-dimensional simulation system to connect with an injection system, bottom water of a bottom water heavy oil reservoir is simulated, and a simulated production well adopts constant-yield simulation production;
(6) utilize first displacement pump to provide the energy to the bottom water and simulate the development, first pressure sensor and computer real-time supervision production pressure differential, camera system record experiment overall process, and collection system carries out the accuracy measurement to gathering the liquid measure, gathering the oil mass, gathering the water yield.
Example 2:
an experimental method for gas injection body pressure cone yield increase after bottom water development is carried out by the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control viscosity reduction experimental device as described in example 1, comprises the following operation steps:
firstly, carrying out the bottom water exploitation experiment steps (1) - (6) in the embodiment 1, disconnecting a two-dimensional simulation system from an injection system and a collection system after the water content reaches a set saturation, and connecting a water control viscosity reduction system to a fluid inlet 25 of the two-dimensional simulation system;
opening a third valve, injecting gas into the two-dimensional simulation system, monitoring the injection pressure in real time by a second pressure sensor, controlling the gas injection speed by a mass flowmeter, and recording the gas injection and water pressing cone process in the whole process of the camera system in the gas injection process;
and thirdly, closing a third valve after gas injection is finished, accessing the injection system and the acquisition system to the two-dimensional simulation system again, performing a yield increase experiment after the bottom water heavy oil reservoir is injected with the pressure water cone according to the bottom water mining experiment steps (4) to (6) in the embodiment 1, and accurately measuring the acquired liquid amount, the acquired oil amount and the acquired water amount by the acquisition system.
Example 3:
an experimental method for simulating the water cone shape of the horizontal well of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir and controlling water and reducing viscosity of the experimental device for bottom water development and then injecting different types of viscosity reducers to influence the water cone shape and improve the recovery ratio as described in example 1 includes the following operation steps:
a. firstly, carrying out the bottom water exploitation experiment steps (1) - (6) in the embodiment 1, disconnecting the two-dimensional simulation system from the injection system and the collection system after the water content reaches the set saturation, and connecting a water control viscosity reduction system to a fluid inlet 25 of the two-dimensional simulation system;
b. the second displacement pump drives the viscosity reducer in the third intermediate container to enter the two-dimensional simulation system, the second pressure sensor monitors the injection pressure in real time, and the camera system records the injection process in the whole process of the viscosity reducer injection process;
c. and (3) accessing the injection system and the collection system to the two-dimensional simulation system again after the viscosity reducer is injected, performing an experiment on the influence of the injection of the viscosity reducer into the bottom water heavy oil reservoir on the water cone shape and the enhanced recovery ratio according to the steps (5) and (6) of the bottom water exploitation experiment step described in the embodiment 1, and accurately metering the collected liquid amount, the collected oil amount and the collected water amount by the collection system.
Claims (10)
1. A water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device for a horizontal well of a bottom water heavy oil reservoir is characterized by comprising an injection system, a two-dimensional simulation system, an acquisition system, a water control and viscosity reduction system, a pressure acquisition and processing system and a camera system, wherein,
the entry linkage of two-dimensional simulation system has injection system, injection system is used for the saturated water, the saturated oil, provide the bottom water energy, two-dimensional simulation system exit end is connected with collection system and accuse water viscosity reduction system respectively, collection system is used for controlling the exploitation speed, collect and measure the liquid production volume, water yield and oil production volume, accuse water viscosity reduction system is used for carrying out the experiment of increasing production measure, two-dimensional simulation system's entry end and exit end all are connected with pressure acquisition and processing system, pressure acquisition and processing system are arranged in the change of real-time supervision experimentation pressure, the two-dimensional simulation system outside is provided with camera system, camera system is used for the record experimentation.
2. The bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional simulation system comprises a sealing cover and a sand filling box, the sealing cover is arranged on the sand filling box, the sealing cover is provided with 3 fluid inlets and corresponding fluid outlets, horizontal sand blocking strips are arranged at the lower end in a cavity of the sand filling box, vertical sand blocking strips are arranged between the horizontal sand blocking strips, and 9 fluid inlets are arranged on the bottom surface of the sand filling box;
preferably, the sealing cover is provided with a visual window which is made of transparent toughened glass.
3. The bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the injection system comprises a first displacement pump, a first intermediate container and a second intermediate container, the first displacement pump is connected with the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container through a first valve and a second valve respectively, outlets of the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container are connected with an inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system through a first six-way valve, and oil and water are filled in the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container respectively.
4. The bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the collection system comprises a flow meter, an oil-water separator, a water phase meter and an oil phase meter, the oil-water separator is connected with the water phase meter and the oil phase meter respectively, the oil-water separator is connected with the two-dimensional simulation system outlet through a second six-way valve, and a flow meter is arranged on a connecting line of the oil-water separator and the two-dimensional simulation system.
5. The bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the water control and viscosity reduction system comprises a second displacement pump, a gas source, a third intermediate container and a mass flow meter, and an outlet of the second displacement pump is connected with the third intermediate container through a pipeline; the outlet of the third intermediate container is sequentially communicated with the second six-way valve and the outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, and is used for researching the influence of different chemical agents on the shape and volume of the water cone and the increase of the recovery ratio; and the gas source is sequentially communicated with the third valve, the mass flow meter, the second six-way valve and the outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system so as to perform a gas injection and water pressing water cone experiment after the water cone is formed.
6. The bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation, water control and viscosity reduction experimental device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pressure acquisition and processing system comprises a computer, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, the computer is respectively connected with the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, and the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are respectively connected to the first six-way valve and the second six-way valve.
7. The bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the camera system is a video camera, and the video camera is connected with a computer.
8. The experimental method of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device according to claim 7, characterized in that the bottom water exploitation experimental operation steps are as follows:
(1) filling fine sand in the sand filling box, and then sealing and fixing a sealing cover and the sand filling box through fastening bolts, wherein a first intermediate container is filled with crude oil, and a second intermediate container is filled with formation water;
(2) opening a second valve, closing a first valve, opening a first displacement pump to fill sand layer saturated water, enabling fluid to flow in from a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system and flow out from a fluid outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, and calculating the pore volume according to the weight change of the two-dimensional simulation system before and after the saturated water, wherein the specific calculation formula is that the pore volume is equal to the ratio of the difference value of the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system after the saturated water and the weight of the two-dimensional simulation system before the saturated water to the density of the water;
(3) closing the second valve, opening the first displacement pump to fill sand saturated oil, enabling fluid to flow in from a fluid outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, enabling fluid to flow out from a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, measuring the liquid outlet condition, driving water by oil, injecting thick oil into the two-dimensional simulation system at a constant speed until the fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system does not see water, wherein the water outlet volume is the saturated oil volume, and calculating the original oil saturation and the irreducible water saturation, wherein the original oil saturation is equal to the ratio of the saturated oil volume to the pore volume, and the irreducible water saturation is equal to the difference between 1 and the original oil saturation;
(4) opening the second valve, closing the first valve, and connecting into a second intermediate container;
(5) connecting a pipeline to an acquisition system at an intermediate interface of a fluid outlet of the two-dimensional simulation system, and simulating an extraction well; connecting a pipeline to an injection system at a middle interface of a fluid inlet of a two-dimensional simulation system, simulating bottom water of a bottom water heavy oil reservoir, and simulating production of a production well by adopting constant yield simulation;
(6) utilize first displacement pump to provide the energy to the bottom water and simulate the development, first pressure sensor and computer real-time supervision production pressure differential, camera system record experiment overall process, and collection system carries out the accuracy measurement to gathering the liquid measure, gathering the oil mass, gathering the water yield.
9. The experimental method of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device according to claim 8, wherein the gas injection body pressure cone yield increase experimental operation steps after bottom water development are as follows:
firstly, carrying out bottom water exploitation experiment steps (1) - (6), disconnecting a two-dimensional simulation system from an injection system and an acquisition system after the water content reaches a set saturation, and connecting a water control viscosity reduction system to a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system;
opening a third valve, injecting gas into the two-dimensional simulation system, monitoring the injection pressure in real time by a second pressure sensor, controlling the gas injection speed by a mass flowmeter, and recording the gas injection and water pressing cone process in the whole process of the camera system in the gas injection process;
and thirdly, closing a third valve after gas injection is finished, accessing the injection system and the acquisition system to the two-dimensional simulation system again, performing a yield increase experiment after the bottom water heavy oil reservoir is injected with the pressurized water cone according to the bottom water exploitation experiment steps (4) to (6), and accurately metering the acquired liquid amount, the acquired oil amount and the acquired water amount by the acquisition system.
10. The experimental method of the bottom water heavy oil reservoir horizontal well water cone state simulation and water control and viscosity reduction experimental device according to claim 8, wherein the experimental operation steps of injecting different types of viscosity reducers to influence the water cone shape and the enhanced recovery ratio after bottom water development are as follows:
a. carrying out bottom water exploitation experiment steps (1) - (6), disconnecting the two-dimensional simulation system from the injection system and the collection system after the water content reaches a set saturation, and connecting a water control viscosity reduction system to a fluid inlet of the two-dimensional simulation system;
b. the second displacement pump drives the viscosity reducer in the third intermediate container to enter the two-dimensional simulation system, the second pressure sensor monitors the injection pressure in real time, and the camera system records the injection process in the whole process of the viscosity reducer injection process;
c. and (3) accessing the injection system and the collection system to the two-dimensional simulation system again after the viscosity reducer is injected, performing an experiment on the influence of the injection of the viscosity reducer into the bottom water heavy oil reservoir on the water cone shape and the enhanced recovery ratio according to the steps (5) and (6) of the bottom water exploitation experiment, and accurately metering the liquid collection amount, the oil collection amount and the water collection amount by the collection system.
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