CN113839985B - Cross-department property-related property information sharing system based on block chain - Google Patents
Cross-department property-related property information sharing system based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
- G06Q40/04—Trading; Exchange, e.g. stocks, commodities, derivatives or currency exchange
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/1097—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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- H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
Abstract
The invention provides a block chain-based cross-department property information sharing system structure. The system adopts a multi-union chain architecture taking service as guidance, and provides a technical solution of union chain multi-chain for solving the problems of complicated flow, low efficiency and the like of cooperative disposal of property information involved in case among multiple departments, and a plurality of parallel union chains are created according to different service types, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the federation chain is used for the transfer of the property-related logistics among organizations, the federation chain is used for representing the transfer of the storage positions of the property-related logistics, the federation chain is used for the transfer of the property-related logistics in organizations of the police department, the federation chain is used for the transfer of the property-related logistics in organizations of the inspection courtyard, and the federation chain is used for the transfer of the property-related logistics in organizations of the court. By analyzing the advantages and the disadvantages of the existing consensus algorithm, the consensus method based on the multi-alliance chain is designed, the physical performance of each consensus node can be fully utilized, and high consensus efficiency and high throughput and high reliability under the multi-chain scene are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of information sharing, in particular to a block chain-based cross-department property information sharing system.
Background
In the aspect of consensus algorithm, the existing consensus method can be roughly divided into two types, namely, a consensus method based on workload certification and a consensus method based on voting, when the problem of sharing of related property information is solved, the consensus efficiency is high, the validity and timeliness of related property data need to be guaranteed, meanwhile, due to the complexity of related property information sharing service and a large amount of information interaction among multiple nodes and multiple organizations in a federation, a federation chain multi-chain technology needs to be introduced to effectively achieve high throughput of related property information sharing service and information handling, however, all the existing consensus algorithms do not consider the use in a multi-chain scene, the multi-chain scene is relatively single-chain, and larger performance pressure is brought to the consensus nodes, if one consensus node with poor performance simultaneously undertakes the consensus work of multiple block chains, performance bottlenecks possibly occur to the multiple block chains, and great influence is brought to the performance of a block chain system.
In recent years, related researches in the prior art develop platforms such as cooperative case handling on the internet by virtue of criminal investigation and release, management of related-to-cases and property, and the like, and part of the platforms realize formal review, flow solidification and trace retention, but the research and application of advanced technology supporting business cooperation are not mature in aspects of content review, data integrity verification, tracing and tracing, case handling identity authentication, intellectualization and the like of related-to-cases and property sharing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a block chain-based cross-department property-related information sharing system, which realizes the information sharing of property-related information by using a alliance chain multi-chain technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A multi-department property-related information sharing system based on a block chain is characterized in that a multi-union chain architecture taking service as guidance is adopted, a plurality of parallel union chains are created according to different service types, three organization nodes of a public inspection method are added into the union chains, and the operation and disposal information sharing of property-related information is realized by utilizing a union chain multi-chain technology.
Preferably, the plurality of parallel federation chains comprises: the system comprises a federation chain for the transfer of the related-to-case property flows among organizations, a federation chain for representing the storage position conversion of the related-to-case property, a federation chain for the transfer of the related-to-case property in the organization of a public security department, a federation chain for the transfer of the related-to-case property in the organization of a detection department and a federation chain for the transfer of the related-to-case property in the organization of a court of law;
the five alliance chains are mutually interacted and simultaneously respectively responsible for different business functions, and commonly realize the sharing service of the property information involved in the case of crossing the public inspection departments.
Preferably, each node in the federation chain corresponds to an entity organization, both the joining and the exiting of the node need to be authorized, the node joined in the block chain can set its own database to store local block chain information, and the transaction information and the block chain are transmitted through P2P network broadcasting.
Preferably, the case-related property information stored in the block chain state database comprises a unique identification number of the case-related property, a case number to which the case-related property belongs, a logic attribution place of the case-related property, a storage position of the case-related property and the current processing flow progress of the case-related property; the cross-department cooperative disposal of the related property is controlled through the logic attribution of the related property and the current processing flow progress, and the identity of the processing of the related property is limited through the storage position.
Preferably, the unique identification number of the related-to-case property in the blockchain network is an 8-byte character string, and consists of three parts, namely a related-to-case property category, a case year and a related-to-case property serial number, wherein the related-to-case property category comprises an event, a real property and a bond.
Preferably, the improved Raft consensus algorithm of the consensus layer adds two states of Outsider and Initiator on the basis of the Raft consensus algorithm, a node state table is maintained between multiple links, and the node state table regulates and controls the conversion of the node state in each block chain; electing a node which becomes an Outsizer, not participating in the consensus process, only storing block data of a block chain maintained by the node, and only receiving ready-made block information sent by a Leader;
the improved Raft consensus algorithm of the consensus layer comprises four contents of node state data broadcast, a master selection node, an off-site selection node and log copy, firstly, the node state data broadcast occurs in an Initiator state, no block exists in the initial stage of block chain establishment, no identifier identity information exists, all consensus nodes can enter the Initiator state, the Initiator state is a temporary state in a McuRaft network and only exists in a limited time, the Initiator node can send a node state broadcast message MsgBroadcastInfo every other timing period, the broadcast message contains own node information, and after other nodes receive the broadcast message, if the node does not have the outider identity information recorded locally at this time, node information in the broadcast message is stored in a node state table of the node, if the node already has the outider identity information, after the broadcast message is received, a broadcast reply message MsgBroadcastInfoResp is directly replied, the outider identity information in a current block chain can be contained in the message, and the state transition of an Initiator comprises two modes, namely, after the countdown is finished, the node is automatically converted into a Follower state, and the second mode is that the Initiator node receives an MsgBroadcastInfoResp message, acquires the outider identity in the current block chain from the MsgBroadcastInfoResp message, further adjusts the state of the node and converts the status of the node into the outider state or the Follower state;
after the countdown of the main selection of the follow node is finished, the follow node becomes the follow node to initiate voting information, the follow node does not need to consider the outlder node, the outlder node does not participate in the process of main selection node, the node outside the election office is after the main node is selected, if the block chain has no outlder, the outlder is elected according to the node state table maintained locally, the items of the node state table are expanded according to different service scenes, and under the default state, the node state table contains two contents: when the state of a node in a certain block chain is Outsizer, the node is not considered to participate in the chain, and when the node elects an extra-office node through a node state table, all node states are evaluated through a scoring mechanism, then the node is sorted from small to large, and a certain number of Outsizer nodes are sequentially selected.
Preferably, the scoring mechanism is formulated as follows:
wherein, alpha represents the weight of the processing performance of the computer of the node, beta represents the weight of the number of the block chains participated by the node, and P max Maximum value, S, representing a node performance evaluation score p Representing a consensus node performance evaluation score, consisting ofThe reference program determines that the value range is (0 max )，C max Maximum number of blockchains, n, that can be maintained for a consensus node c For the number of the block chains in which the consensus node participates at present, score is the final Score of the consensus node, and the higher the Score is, the better the performance of the consensus node is, and the better the consensus node is suitable for participating in the current block chain consensus process;
aiming at two default items of data in a node state table, a scoring formula firstly carries out normalization to calculate the efficacy score of each item, and then weights and averages, wherein S p Using linear normalization, the computer performance score is (0 max ) The number of inner continuous numbers is directly mapped into (0, 1) by adopting a linear function, and the number of block chains n c The adopted mapping is nonlinear mapping, and the mapping function formula is as follows:
preferably, when five block chains are interacted, cross-chain operation exists, and when two behaviors occur, the two behaviors are concentrated, namely when the storage position of the property involved is changed and the attribution of the property involved is changed. The cross-chain operation is realized based on nodes which are simultaneously trusted by two chains, is triggered by an internal business block chain, and realizes the update of one block chain to the data of the other block chain through an interactive node.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can show that the embodiment of the invention provides a novel cross-department case-related property information sharing system structure by combining the technical characteristics of high reliability, excellent data sharing and the like of the block chain, three organization nodes of a public inspection method are added into the alliance chain for the first time, the operation and disposal information sharing of case-related information is realized by using the alliance chain multi-chain technology, a complete and efficient set of consensus algorithm based on multiple alliance chains is used for realizing the data consistency of the block chain nodes, and high throughput and high reliability are realized.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a five-layer architecture model of a block chain-based cross-department property-related information sharing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block chain diagram illustrating the transport of assets between the public inspection organizations according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block chain diagram of the migration of asset related storage locations according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an intra-service block chain organization;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a block chain quantity normalization function image according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a unique identification number format of an asset involved in a case according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a transaction uplink according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be further explained by taking several specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the drawings, and the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
The blockchain technology, which is similar to a distributed database in function, links individual blocks into a fixed-sequence chain through cryptography, and stores the chain in all distributed nodes, each node can perform 'certification' for an uplink transaction, and the blockchain has the characteristic of difficult invasion due to decentralization. In addition, the blockchain also stores the record of each transaction, and uses the asymmetric encryption technology to encrypt, transmit and store the transaction record, and identifies the identity of the blockchain node through the identity authentication mechanism. Aiming at the problems of bar segmentation, imperfect standard, low cooperative efficiency, low intelligent degree and the like in the research of the international cross-department property information sharing technology.
The embodiment of the invention provides a system structure of a case-related property information sharing system among public inspection departments based on block chains, a alliance block chain basic system is constructed, the problems of safe sharing and disclosure of the case-related property information are realized by using the natural advantages of the block chains, the information processing efficiency is improved by using a multi-chain technology, and a low-delay response and relatively high transaction throughput are provided by using a consensus method based on multiple alliance chains.
The cross-department property information sharing system structure based on the block chain mainly comprises the following two aspects:
safe and efficient cooperative processing and sharing of property information involved in a case based on a block chain technology: aiming at the requirement of cooperative processing of case-related property of a public inspection method across departments, the public inspection method and future related multiple parts are brought into alliance chain nodes for the first time, authorized authentication and dynamic addition are carried out on participants, a set of complete and efficient consensus algorithm based on multiple alliance chains is used for achieving data consistency of the block chain nodes, sharing and cooperation of case-related property information of the cross departments and among different levels are automatically achieved by means of intelligent contracts, a database is separately designed, and safe storage of block chain data and rapid retrieval and storage of an account book state are guaranteed.
Alliance block chain infrastructure based on multi-chain technology: according to the business logic of the cooperative treatment of the related property information in the public inspection organization, five alliance chains which are responsible for sharing the related property information are constructed, and each alliance chain corresponds to different types of businesses respectively, so that high-safety and high-efficiency business processing can be provided. The five alliance chains are respectively:
1: the alliance block chain is responsible for organizing the transfer process between groups and carrying out information transfer by taking the attribution of the related property as a core;
2: the alliance block chain is responsible for converting the storage positions of the involved belongings and performing information transfer by taking the warehouse where the involved belongings are located as a core;
3: the alliance block chain is responsible for the recording function of the property related to the case in the public security department;
4: the alliance block chain is responsible for the function of recording the information of the related-case property in the department of the inspection institute;
5: and the alliance block chain is responsible for the examination and management function of the property related to the case in the court department.
The five alliance chains are mutually interacted and simultaneously respectively responsible for different business functions, and finally, the sharing service of the property information involved in the case of crossing the public inspection departments is jointly realized.
In the alliance chain of the block chain-based cross-department related property information sharing system structure, each node usually corresponds to an entity organization, the node is authorized to join and withdraw, institutions such as a police department, a survey department, a court and the like form an alliance related to a case, and normal operation of a block chain network is maintained together. The nodes added into the blockchain can set their own database to store local blockchain information, and transmit transaction information and blockchain through P2P (peer to peer) network broadcast.
The block chain-based cross-department property information sharing architecture is constructed by a union chain, and compared with a public chain, no currency transaction exists, so that the incentive layer is reduced, and a five-layer architecture model of the architecture is shown in figure 1.
The functions realized by each layer are as follows:
an application layer: and packaging the application scene and the application case, and establishing a cross-department property-related information sharing platform based on the alliance chain, wherein the platform is used by three departments of a public inspection method, including subordinate departments of each department. The platform functions comprise circulation of property data, traceability of property data and the like. And the access control related functions are encapsulated in an application layer and are used for a transfer-in mechanism of a alliance chain.
And (3) contract layer: the method realizes the encapsulation of the cross-department related property information sharing business logic, uses mainstream programming language with complete graphic flexibility to develop intelligent contracts, does not need human intervention, and automatically triggers and executes after reaching the preset constraint condition; the relevant contracts of the contract layer can be automatically established by working personnel according to different service scenes.
A consensus layer: the consensus algorithm of the consensus layer is responsible for guaranteeing the consistency of data records of each node in the network, the consensus mechanism is a rule of block generation and data writing in the blocks, transaction data can be prevented from being tampered through data consensus among the nodes, and the consensus algorithm can also take on the function of transaction validity verification. The consensus mechanism algorithm is the core technology of the blockchain, because it determines the identity of the biller, and the billing mode will affect the security and reliability of the whole system.
Network layer: the method comprises a P2P networking form, a data transmission mechanism and an authentication mechanism; the method is a decentralized internet system which exchanges information by means of nodes, data are distributed by using a Gossip protocol, and the service is performed among the nodes in a dispersed mode, so that the influence of damage on local nodes or a network on the rest of the nodes is small, and the method has the advantages of attack resistance and high fault tolerance.
And (3) a data layer: the bottom layer of the block chain model encapsulates the chain structure of the data block, and the storage function of the block is realized, wherein the storage function comprises related technologies such as asymmetric public and private key data encryption technology and time stamp. And each block stores the hash value of the previous block for binding to form a chain structure.
The business logic of case-related property information sharing and cooperative treatment across three organizations of the public inspection method is as follows:
1) The specific public security organization carries out the entry, the verification and the warehousing of the original cases
The ordinary policemen input original case information, the leaders of the units in which the ordinary policemen are located audit, and the internal policemen of the units in which the ordinary policemen are located are put into storage and registered;
2) Material evidence center for moving storehouses
When the related case needs to be handed over to a monitoring center, a person in a receiving unit (dispatching department) needs to transfer the articles of the case to a material evidence center for unified management before the monitoring center is transferred, and the specific process comprises the following steps: and dispatching the policemen to apply for moving the warehouse, leading the policemen to audit the moving of the warehouse, dispatching the policemen to move the warehouse, and finally, receiving the material evidence by the material evidence center personnel.
3) Method of transport inspection
After the material evidence center receives the material evidence, the personnel of the subject department (dispatching department) carry out the transfer inspection method, which comprises the following specific processes: and dispatching the policemen of the institute to carry out transfer application, carrying out transfer verification by the leader, carrying out verification by a professional of a legal team after the verification is passed, and finally, automatically pushing data to a clerk of a detection department.
4) Receiving and processing in inspection yard
The inspection hospital clerk can receive the case information that the public security organ moved and sent, and the inspection hospital clerk can look over and receive the case, in case the receipt is successful, then this case processing right will automatically flow to the inspection hospital, and former unit will unable to carry out corresponding processing to this case again, and the inspection hospital can borrow the operation for confirming the material evidence information, flow: the inspection yard clerk applies for borrowing, the inspection yard leader audits, the material evidence center manager borrows and delivers the borrowed articles to the inspection yard, and the borrowing and returning operation is carried out when returning.
5) Court receiving and processing
After the inspection hospital determines that the case meets the requirement of prosecution, the case information is transferred to the court, and the process comprises the following steps: the personnel in the inspection hall initiate application and lead to audit; case data can be automatically pushed to court clerks, and special persons carry out classification management.
After receiving, checking and managing, court clerks can carry out operations such as ex-warehouse, destruction, impound and import to cases, and the concrete flow is as follows:
and (4) delivery from a warehouse: the courthouse clerk applies for ex-warehouse, the leader conducts audit, and the material evidence center conducts ex-warehouse registration according to courthouse judgment and related document certificates;
destroying: the court clerks apply for destruction, leaders audit, and the material evidence center performs destruction registration according to court judgment and related document certificates;
and (4) harvesting: and (4) applying for non-acceptance by the court clerks, auditing by the leaders for non-acceptance, evaluating the articles by the court clerks, and registering the articles in the national library after the articles are changed.
And the intelligent contract is designed and compiled according to the business logic and is used for realizing automatic circulation of the related property in the cross-department cooperative disposal process.
Business-based federation chain infrastructure
According to the business logic of the cross-department involved property information sharing system structure, several different types of businesses can be summarized, including involved property transfer business between public inspection organizations, circulation business of involved property storage positions taking material evidence centers as cores, and businesses inside some organizations, such as involved property input business between public security departments and the like. According to different service types, different alliance block chains can be created, five block chains are contained in the different alliance block chains in parallel, complex case-related property co-processing services are achieved through multiple chains, block chain data are independent, processing efficiency is high, and safety is good.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a block chain for transferring property related logistics between public inspection organizations according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the processing procedure includes: in the transfer process of the related property between organizations, only part department nodes can participate, and in the block chain, the attribution of the related property is taken as the core to transfer information, which is the basis of other block chains.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a migration block chain relating to a property storage location according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the processing procedure includes: the method is used for representing the block chain of the conversion of the storage positions of the related property, information transfer is carried out by taking a warehouse where the related property is located as a core, and the position of the current warehouse where the related property is located can be checked in real time by a node maintaining the block chain.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an organization internal service block chain according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the processing procedure includes: the block chain is only responsible for business logic in an organization, the first participated node is only a node in a public security department and is used for providing a function of recording the property related to the case in the public security department, the second participated node is a block chain in a detection yard and is used for providing functions of borrowing and returning among the departments of the detection yard, and the third participated node is a block chain in a court and is used for providing a function of examining and managing the property related to the case among the departments of the court.
Currently, a single-chain mode is mainly used for processing alliance chain data of a certain specific service, the single chain has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in implementation, however, for case-related property information sharing services with complex service logic and multiple organized multiple departments, the single-chain mode is low in safety, and in addition, as the case-related property information sharing services have the characteristics of multiple levels and clear department authority, part of services only need to be participated by part of nodes, all the nodes are not required to be participated in, and therefore the single chain is used for causing great redundancy.
Therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, a service-oriented block chain structure with multiple alliance chains in parallel is used, five block chains have some interaction with each other, so that a cross-chain operation is carried out, the cross-chain operation is concentrated when two behaviors occur, one is when a storage position of a case-related property changes, the other is when an attribution place of the case-related property changes, when the storage position changes, for example, when the case-related property is moved to a material evidence center warehouse from a dispatching place warehouse, a dispatching place policeman needs to apply for the storage first, after the dispatching place policeman passes the audit, an internal policeman needs to move to the warehouse and leave the warehouse, and an audit stage occurs inside the dispatching place, so that the process occurs in a service block chain inside an organization, and the internal policeman moves to the warehouse and leaves the operation, the position of the case-related property changes, and the block chain in a diagram 3 needs to be called for circulation, and the cross-chain operation is involved; when the attribution of the property related to the case is changed, for example, in the process of transferring and checking the property related to the case, the police of the department of the case needs to apply for the property, the leader audit of the department is issued, after the audit is passed, the law team conducts the audit and automatically transfers the property to the inspection yard, the change of the attribution of the inspection yard of the department of the case is related to in the process, and the block chain of the internal business needs to be called to transfer in the block chain in the figure 2. The cross-chain operation is realized based on nodes trusted by both chains, and is triggered by the internal service block chains of the organization, through the 'interactive' nodes, the updating of data of one block chain to the other block chain can be realized, the block chains in fig. 2 and fig. 3 only passively receive a cross-chain request, and in addition, no interaction exists among the three block chains in fig. 4, which indicates that the service logic inside the organization cannot be sensed by the external organization.
On the basis of the Raft algorithm, in order to reduce the memory pressure of each node caused by the consensus algorithm and make the consensus algorithm better adapt to the multi-block chain scene, the embodiment of the invention introduces an improved Raft consensus algorithm, namely a multi-chain combined Raft algorithm, which is hereinafter referred to as McuRaft.
The McuRaft algorithm is additionally provided with an Outsizer state and an Initiator state on the basis of a Raft consensus algorithm, a node state table is maintained among multiple chains, and the node state table is used for regulating and controlling the conversion of the node state in each block chain.
The introduction of the outfinder state can effectively reduce the scale of the consensus cluster, select the node which becomes the outfinder, do not participate in the consensus process, only store the block data of the block chain maintained by the node, and only receive the ready-made block information sent by the Leader.
The Initiator state is introduced to ensure that the state table maintained by all the consensus nodes is up-to-date and most comprehensive as much as possible. The content of the node state table commonly maintained among the multi-chains can be adjusted according to the service scene used by the consensus algorithm, but the information which must be contained is the computer processing performance of all the consensus nodes and the number of blockchains in which the nodes participate.
The core stage of the improved Raft consensus algorithm is expanded into four contents of node state data broadcasting, node selection, off-site node selection and log copying by two parts of a main node selection and log copying of the Raft, and the core stage is tightly combined with two newly-added state and node state table action mechanisms.
The method comprises the steps that firstly, node state data broadcasting occurs in an Initiator state, no block exists in the interior and no identifier identity information exists in a block chain at the initial stage of building, therefore, all consensus nodes can enter the Initiator state, the Initiator state is a temporary state in the McuRaft network and only exists in a limited time, the Initiator node can send a node state broadcast message MsgBroadcastInfo every other timing period, the node information of the Initiator node contains the node information of the Initiator node in the broadcast message, after other nodes receive the broadcast message, if the identifier identity information which is locally recorded does not exist at the moment, the node information in the broadcast message is stored in a node state table of the Initiator node, if the node already has the identifier identity information, a broadcast reply message MsgbroadcastInResp can be directly replied after the broadcast message is received, and the message contains the identifier identity information in a destination block chain. The conversion of the Initiator state comprises two modes, wherein one mode is that after the countdown is finished, the node is automatically converted into the following state, and the second mode is that the Initiator node receives the state
And acquiring the outrider identity in the current block chain from the MsgBroadcastInfoResp message, and further adjusting the state of the message to convert the state into the outrider state or the Follower state.
The process of selecting the master node is similar to a Raft algorithm, after the countdown of the main selection of the follow node is finished, the Candidate node is used for initiating voting information, and different from the Raft algorithm, the Candidate election master node does not need to consider the Outsizer node, namely the Outsizer node does not participate in the process of election master node, and in the McuRaft network, when the Outsizer exists, most (also called as qurum) of the Candidate election master node should remove the Outsizer node for calculation.
The method comprises the steps that after a main node is elected, if the Outsider does not exist in a block chain, the Outsider is elected according to a locally maintained node state table, items of the node state table can be expanded according to different service scenes, the node state table contains two items of contents in a default state, the two items of contents are respectively the computer processing performance of the node and the number of the block chains in which the node participates, when the state of the node in a certain block chain is the Outsider, the node is considered not to participate in the chain, when the main node elects the outdoor node through the node state table, all node states are firstly evaluated through a scoring mechanism, then the node is ranked from small to large, and a certain number of Outsider nodes are sequentially elected. The scoring mechanism formula is as follows:
wherein alpha represents the weight of the processing performance of the computer of the node, beta represents the weight of the number of the block chains participated by the node, and P max Maximum value, S, representing a node performance evaluation score p The performance evaluation score of the consensus node is expressed and is measured by a benchmark program, and the value range is (0 max )，C max Maximum number of blockchains, n, that can be maintained for a consensus node c And for the number of the block chains in which the consensus node participates at present, score is the final Score of the consensus node, and the higher the Score is, the better the performance of the consensus node is, and the better the consensus node is suitable for participating in the current block chain consensus process.
Aiming at two default items of data in the node state table, the scoring formula firstly carries out normalization calculation on the efficacy score of each item, and then weights and averages, wherein S p The linear normalization approach is used because the computer performance score is (0 max ) Inner consecutive numbers, so that it is directly mapped into (0, 1) using a linear function, the number of block chains n c The adopted mapping is nonlinear mapping, and the mapping function formula is as follows:
the main body of the mapping function is a hyperbolic tangent function, and the maximum block chain number C is taken max Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a block chain quantity normalization function image according to an embodiment of the present invention at 1000.
In the McuRaft network, the characteristic of cooperative disposal of cross-department property information involved in a case is combined, the block chain quantity maintained by each consensus node is approximately distributed near the 1/2 maximum block chain quantity, and therefore a hyperbolic tangent function is adopted for mapping to enable (1/2) C max Nearby function rates of change greater than 0 and C max The nearby rate of change enables changes in the number of blockchains to be more sensitively reflected in the score.
Through a scoring function, the master node can effectively evaluate the performance state of the node, the most appropriate node is elected to participate in the consensus of the current block chain, after election is completed, the master node sends the identity information of the out-of-office node to all nodes by broadcasting the MsgDeliverOutsiders message, and after other nodes receive the MsgDeliverOutsiders message, the state is converted into a Follower or Outsider.
The log replication process is guided by the main node, the main node can process all transaction information, and different from the Raft algorithm, in the McuRaft algorithm, the update of the main node consensus progress does not depend on the local nodes, the local nodes do not participate in the McuRaft consensus process, and only the block information which has achieved consensus in the network is stored.
Compared with the conventional Raft consensus algorithm, the consensus method in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) the method has higher consensus efficiency, can effectively reduce the scale of the single-chain internal consensus cluster by introducing the external nodes, and can optimize data interaction in the consensus process, thereby realizing the improvement of the consensus efficiency;
(2) the method has less resource occupation, and the local node does not participate in the consensus process of the current channel and only receives the block data, so the memory use of the local node in the block chain is greatly reduced, and the requirements on the node processor and the memory are also reduced.
(3) The method has multi-chain scene adaptability, and can automatically adjust the state of the nodes in the block chain when the number of the block chains in the alliance is large, thereby avoiding the problem of overlarge node performance pressure.
The McuRaft method can be well combined with a multi-union chain infrastructure, can be successfully applied to a system structure, realizes higher throughput and more excellent transaction processing performance, and meets the requirements of a cross-department property-related information sharing system structure.
The storage design in the trans-department related property information sharing system structure based on the block chain is divided into two parts, namely database data and block chain data, wherein the block chain data further comprises the block data of the block chain and state data of the block chain, the block data records each transaction occurring on the block chain, and the state data records the current state of each account on the block chain, wherein the state data can also be called a world state.
In order to ensure that the underlying zone block chain network can operate efficiently, in a cross-department property-involved information sharing system structure, an identification number which can uniquely represent the current property involved is circulated in the underlying zone block chain network, the unique property-involved identification number is a character string with the length of 8 and occupies 8 bytes, and fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a format of the unique property-involved identification number provided by the embodiment of the invention. The first two digits of the character string represent the category of the related property, wherein the first digit is 0 to represent the property, 1 to represent the real property and 2 to represent the bond, and since five types of related property are shared at present, 00 represents cash, 01 represents deposit, 02 represents motor, 03 represents vehicle, 10 represents land, the middle two digits of the character string represent the year of the related property, 19 represents the case in 2019, 20 represents the case in 2020, and the last four digits of the character string represent the serial number of each type of property.
The plug-in database is specially used for storing detailed information of the property involved, therefore, the design of the storage structure of the plug-in database should meet the basic data structure of the property involved, and tables 1 to 5 below show the data structure and data type of five property involved entities stored in the database.
TABLE 1 data Structure of vehicles in the database
TABLE 2 data Structure of Cash in database
TABLE 3 data Structure of deposits in database
TABLE 4 data Structure of land in database
TABLE 5 data structure of motor in database
The block data of the blockchain stores each transaction information in the blockchain network, is a transaction log which records all the changes contributing to the current state, the transactions are stored in the blocks and are linked to the blockchain, the block data in the blockchain cannot be tampered, and the block data is stored in the local hard disks of all distributed nodes in the alliance chain in the form of a binary file.
The block comprises a block header, block data and block metadata, wherein the block header comprises three fields, namely a block number, a hash value of a previous block header and a hash value of a current block, and the block header is written when the block is created. The block data comprises an ordered transaction list, which together form a "transaction log". The chunk metadata includes the time when the chunk is written, the certificate, public key, and signature of the writer of the chunk, and some configuration data of the consensus mechanism, such as the outfinder identity in the consensus algorithm.
The world state is designed to be a database, the latest state of each account is stored in the database, the latest value of the state of an account book can be directly accessed through the state database, and the calculation does not need to be carried out by traversing the block data of the whole block chain. The state storage is realized in the form of a database, the purpose is to provide simple and effective account book state storage and retrieval, the CouchDB is used for building a world state database, and the JSON format data can be queried and updated in various forms. The CouchDB runs in an independent operating system process, and can be installed in a local computer or an external device.
The cross-department property-related information sharing system structure provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize higher transaction throughput on the premise of meeting the requirements of high safety, high reliability and decentralization. Therefore, the data uplink employs the architecture of "perform-consensus-verify", and the flow of transaction data uplink is shown in fig. 7.
The method comprises eight steps which are respectively as follows:
(1) the client creates a proposal for the transaction, which is then sent to the endorsement node.
(2) After the endorsement node receives the transaction proposal, the related intelligent contract is executed to generate a read-write set, wherein the read set represents the state of the version of the proposal, and the write set comprises the state needing to be updated.
(3) And the endorsement node sends transaction proposal reply information to the client, wherein the proposal reply comprises the generated read-write set.
(4) The client collects proposal replies until the required number in the endorsement policy is met and all replies are equal.
(5) The client creates transaction information containing the read-write set and sends the transaction to the consensus cluster.
(6) The consensus cluster packages a plurality of transactions into a block and invokes an associated consensus algorithm to perform consensus on the block.
(7) The consensus node sends the block with the consensus completed to the confirmation node.
(8) And verifying the validity of each transaction in the block by the confirmation node, adding the block into the block chain after the verification is passed, and writing the update state in the transaction into the state database.
To sum up, aiming at the problems of stripe segmentation, imperfect standard, low cooperation efficiency, low intelligent degree and the like existing in the research of the international cross-department related property information sharing technology, the embodiment of the invention combines the technical characteristics of high reliability, excellent data sharing and the like of a block chain, provides a novel cross-department related property information sharing system structure, firstly adds three organization nodes of a public inspection method into a alliance chain, realizes the operation and disposal information sharing of related information by utilizing the alliance chain multi-chain technology, and realizes high throughput and high reliability by utilizing a multi-alliance chain-based consensus method.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
From the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented by software plus necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus or system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, they are described in relative terms, as long as they are described in partial descriptions of method embodiments. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus and system are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A block chain-based cross-department related property information sharing system is characterized in that a multi-union chain architecture taking service as guidance is adopted, a plurality of parallel union chains are established according to different service types, three organization nodes of a public inspection method are added into the union chains, and the operation and disposal information sharing of related property information is realized by utilizing a union chain multi-chain technology, and the system comprises an application layer, a contract layer, a common identification layer, a network layer and a data layer;
the improved Raft consensus algorithm of the consensus layer is additionally provided with an Outsizer state and an Initiator state on the basis of the Raft consensus algorithm, a node state table is maintained among multiple links, and the node state table regulates and controls the conversion of the node state in each block chain; electing a node which becomes an Outsizer, not participating in the consensus process, only storing block data of a block chain maintained by the node, and only receiving ready-made block information sent by a Leader;
the improved Raft consensus algorithm of the consensus layer comprises four contents of node state data broadcast, a master selection node, an off-site selection node and log copy, firstly, the node state data broadcast occurs in an Initiator state, no block exists in the initial stage of block chain establishment, no identifier identity information exists, all consensus nodes can enter the Initiator state, the Initiator state is a temporary state in a McuRaft network and only exists in a limited time, the Initiator node can send a node state broadcast message MsgBroadcastInfo every other timing period, the broadcast message contains own node information, and after other nodes receive the broadcast message, if the node does not have the outider identity information recorded locally at this time, node information in the broadcast message is stored in a node state table of the node, if the node already has the outider identity information, after the broadcast message is received, a broadcast reply message MsgBroadcastInfoResp is directly replied, the outider identity information in a current block chain can be contained in the message, and the state transition of an Initiator comprises two modes, namely, after the countdown is finished, the node is automatically converted into a Follower state, and the second mode is that the Initiator node receives an MsgBroadcastInfoResp message, acquires the outider identity in the current block chain from the MsgBroadcastInfoResp message, further adjusts the state of the node and converts the status of the node into the outider state or the Follower state;
after the countdown of the main selection of the follow node is finished, the follow node becomes the follow node to initiate voting information, the follow node does not need to consider the outlder node, the outlder node does not participate in the process of main selection node, the node outside the election office is after the main node is selected, if the block chain has no outlder, the outlder is elected according to the node state table maintained locally, the items of the node state table are expanded according to different service scenes, and under the default state, the node state table contains two contents: when the state of a node in a certain block chain is Outsizer, the node is not considered to participate in the chain, and when the node elects an extra-office node through a node state table, all node states are evaluated through a scoring mechanism, then the node is sorted from small to large, and a certain number of Outsizer nodes are sequentially selected.
2. The sharing architecture system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of parallel federation chains comprises: the federation chain is responsible for the transfer of the property-related logistics among organizations, the federation chain represents the transfer of the storage positions of the property-related logistics, the federation chain is responsible for the transfer of the property-related logistics in organizations of the ministry of public security, the federation chain is responsible for the transfer of the property-related logistics in organizations of the inspection courtyard, and the federation chain is responsible for the transfer of the property-related logistics in organizations of the court;
the five alliance chains are mutually interacted and are respectively responsible for different business functions, and the sharing service of the property information related to the case of the cross-public inspection department is jointly realized.
3. The sharing system of claim 1, wherein each node in the federation chain corresponds to an entity organization, the joining and the exiting of the node both need to be authorized, the node joined in the blockchain can set its own database to store local blockchain information, and the transaction information and the blockchain are transmitted through P2P network broadcasting.
4. The sharing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the case-related property information stored in the block chain state database includes a unique identification number of the case-related property, a case number to which the case-related property belongs, a logical attribution of the case-related property, a storage location of the case-related property, and a current processing flow progress of the case-related property; the cross-department cooperative disposal of the related property is controlled through the logic attribution of the related property and the current processing flow progress, and the identity of the processing of the related property is limited through the storage position.
5. The sharing system of claim 4, wherein the unique identification number of the related to case property in the blockchain network is an 8-byte character string, and the unique identification number is composed of three parts, namely a related to case property category, a case year and a related to case property serial number, and the related to case property category comprises a property, a real property and a debt right.
6. The sharing architecture system of claim 1, wherein the scoring mechanism is formulated as follows:
wherein, alpha represents the weight of the processing performance of the computer of the node, beta represents the weight of the number of the block chains participating in the node, and P max Maximum value, S, representing a node performance evaluation score p The performance evaluation score of the consensus node is expressed and is measured by a benchmark program, and the value range is (0 max )，C max Is a common knowledge nodeMaximum number of blockchains a point can maintain, n c For the number of the block chains in which the consensus node participates at present, score is the final Score of the consensus node, and the higher the Score is, the better the performance of the consensus node is, and the better the consensus node is suitable for participating in the current block chain consensus process;
aiming at two default items of data in a node state table, a scoring formula firstly carries out normalization to calculate the efficacy score of each item, and then weights and averages, wherein S p Using linear normalization, the computer performance score is (0 max ) The number of inner continuous numbers is directly mapped into (0, 1) by adopting a linear function, and the number of block chains n c The adopted mapping is nonlinear mapping, and the mapping function formula is as follows:
7. the sharing system according to claim 2, wherein when five blockchains interact, there is a cross-chain operation, when two behaviors occur, respectively, when a storage location of an involved property changes and a home location of the involved property changes, the cross-chain operation is realized based on a node which is trusted by both chains, triggered by an organization internal service blockchain, and the update of data of one blockchain to another blockchain is realized through the interaction node.
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