CN113827180A - Multipoint parallel acquisition anterior segment analysis device - Google Patents
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 210000001508 eye Anatomy 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004087 cornea Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012014 optical coherence tomography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000002177 Cataract Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010412 Glaucoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000554 iris Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036285 pathological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000915 pathological change Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003786 sclera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000697 sensory organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/107—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining the shape or measuring the curvature of the cornea
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/117—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for examining the anterior chamber or the anterior chamber angle, e.g. gonioscopes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multipoint parallel acquisition anterior ocular segment analysis device, which is characterized in that: the system comprises a light source, a first collimating mirror, a spectroscope, a reference arm, a sample arm and a demodulation system, wherein the first collimating mirror is arranged right behind the light source, the spectroscope is arranged right behind the first collimating mirror, the reference arm is arranged on one side of reference light of the spectroscope, the sample arm is arranged behind the sample light of the spectroscope, the demodulation system is arranged below the sample light of the spectroscope, the reference arm is used for forming reference return light, the sample arm is used for forming sample return light carrying tissue information, the sample return light and the reference return light interfere with each other at a combined beam of the spectroscope of the reference arm and enter the demodulation system, data reconstruction is carried out in the demodulation system, and the anterior ocular segment form is restored. The device has simple structure, and the devices are common optical devices, so the light utilization efficiency is high. The optical fiber device is used, the space limitation is avoided, and the sampling form can be experimental, handheld, movable and flexible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ophthalmic medical equipment, and relates to a multipoint parallel acquisition anterior segment analysis device.
Background
The eyes are the most important sense organs of the human body, and more than about 80% of the external information received by people is obtained through the eyes. Within the scope of the medical ocular anatomical concept, the anterior segment of the eye comprises the corneal to the lens eye tissue portion. In recent years, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has been rapidly developed, and is widely used in medical research due to its advantages such as rapidity and non-invasion. The diagnosis of cornea, sclera, iris and angle is superior, and the lens pathological change is especially important in the diagnosis of glaucoma, cataract and dioptric vision problem. The conventional OCT employs single-point scanning to increase the scanning speed to suppress image distortion and position offset caused by living body jitter, and when the scanning speed is fast enough, the corresponding distortion is also greatly reduced, but the system cost caused by the distortion is also greatly increased, and the obtained sampling point information is not acquired at the same time.
Patent CN103271721B discloses a parallel OCT detection method based on spectral coding and orthogonal light splitting, in the system, an advanced optical device Virtual Image Phased Array (VIPA) is used to divide an incident light source into sub-light sources with a plurality of frequencies, and the sub-light sources are arranged linearly, the device realizes dispersion based on an optical FP cavity, the manufacturing process is complex and the cost is high, the system cost is increased, the method is line sampling, and the linear detection light cannot meet the application of simultaneously acquiring volume data. Patent CN104870930A discloses a parallel acquisition system using a rotary disk for scanning, which designs a series of holes on the rotary disk, when a light source is transparent, the light signals of the positions of the holes can be acquired, and the rotary disk rotates to complete the scanning. The method is also line sampling, and still cannot meet the requirement of simultaneous acquisition of volume data.
Based on the most important data synchronism among sampling points in living body imaging, the prior art mostly adopts single sampling points or line sampling points, and the position of the sampling points is moved by matching with a galvanometer so as to obtain surface sampling points, namely, volume data, and time difference exists among the sampling points. In order to obtain information of all sampling points simultaneously, an analysis device capable of performing surface sampling is required, and sample volume data is acquired at one time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a device capable of collecting anterior ocular segment analysis in a multi-point parallel mode.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a multi-point gathers eye anterior segment analytical equipment that divides in parallel which characterized in that: the system comprises a light source, a first collimating mirror, a spectroscope, a reference arm, a sample arm and a demodulation system, wherein the first collimating mirror is arranged right behind the light source, the spectroscope is arranged right behind the first collimating mirror, the reference arm is arranged on one side of reference light of the spectroscope, the sample arm is arranged on one side of sample light of the spectroscope, the demodulation system is arranged on one side of combined beam of the spectroscope, the reference arm is used for forming reference return light, the sample arm is used for forming sample return light carrying tissue information, the sample return light and the reference return light are interfered at the combined beam of the spectroscope and enter the demodulation system, data reconstruction is carried out in the demodulation system, and the form of the anterior ocular segment is restored.
Moreover, the light source is a low-coherence broadband laser light source.
And the reference arm comprises a first focusing mirror and a reflecting mirror, and the first focusing mirror and the reflecting mirror are sequentially arranged on one side of the reference light formed by the spectroscope from near to far.
And the sample arm comprises a first optical fiber autocollimator group and a 4F system, the first optical fiber autocollimator group comprises a fiber autocollimator with a tail fiber, the 4F system is arranged behind the first optical fiber autocollimator, and the 4F system is opposite to human eyes.
The 4F system is composed of a first lens and a second lens arranged in front and rear.
The demodulation system comprises a second optical fiber autocollimator group, a second collimating mirror, a grating, a second focusing mirror and an area array photoelectric conversion device, wherein the second optical fiber autocollimator group, the second collimating mirror, the grating, the second focusing mirror and the area array photoelectric conversion device are sequentially arranged on one side of the sample light formed by the spectroscope from near to far;
the spectral direction of the grating forms a spectrum curve along the horizontal direction of the area array photoelectric conversion device, all spectra are separated and separated along the vertical direction and are not overlapped in space, n spectrum curves are subjected to wave number conversion respectively, then Fourier conversion is carried out to obtain depth information of n sampling points, data are reconstructed and restored into a three-dimensional data set according to the arrangement mode of the first optical fiber autocollimator group, and biological parameters of human anterior segment are calculated and analyzed.
And the optical fiber autocollimators a1 and a2 … an in the first optical fiber autocollimator group and the second optical fiber autocollimator group are closely arranged in a square shape or in a polygonal shape or in a circular shape, and are used for obtaining n mutually independent point light source groups with consistent optical parameters.
And the tail fibers of the fiber autocollimators in the second fiber autocollimator group of the demodulation system are vertically and linearly arranged in the sequence of x1 and x2 … xn and are aligned with the center of the optical path.
Moreover, the area array photoelectric conversion device is an area array CCD or an area array CMOS.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
this anterior segment analytical equipment is gathered in parallel to multiple spot, first optic fibre autocollimator group divide into a plurality of sub-point light sources with sample arm incident light, by optic fibre tail optical fiber output, for the pointolite array, the sampling array focuses on near the cornea position of people's eye, realizes that the anterior segment structure multiple spot of people's eye samples simultaneously, obtains the depth information of all sampling points, once only accomplishes the data volume and draws, has avoided because the sampling information error that the living body rocked and arouse when the sampling point scans. The device has simple structure, and the devices are common optical devices, so the light utilization efficiency is high. The optical fiber device is used, the space limitation is avoided, and the sampling form can be experimental, handheld, movable and flexible.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of the fiber autocollimator group of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of optical fiber end faces of a sample arm optical fiber autocollimator group according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical splitting principle of the demodulation system of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
The system comprises a light source 1, a first collimating mirror 2, a beam splitter 3, a reflecting mirror 4, a first focusing mirror 5, a first optical fiber autocollimator group 6, a fiber autocollimator with a tail fiber 7, a first lens 8, a second lens 9, a human eye 10, a second collimating mirror 11, a grating 12, a second focusing mirror 13, a planar array photoelectric conversion device 14 and a second optical fiber autocollimator group 15.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below with reference to the following figures:
a multipoint parallel acquisition anterior segment analysis device is shown in figure 1 and comprises a light source 1, a first collimating mirror 2, a spectroscope 3, a reference arm, a sample arm and a demodulation system, wherein the reference arm is composed of a reflecting mirror 4 and a first focusing mirror 5; the sample arm is composed of a first optical fiber autocollimator group 6, a first lens 8 and a second lens 9; the demodulation system is composed of a second optical fiber autocollimator group 15, a second collimating mirror 11, a grating 12, a second focusing mirror 13 and an area array photoelectric conversion device 14; the first optical fiber autocollimator group and the second optical fiber autocollimator group are composed of a plurality of optical fiber autocollimators 7 with tail fibers.
The invention has the innovation points that the first optical fiber autocollimator group divides incident light of a sample arm into a plurality of sub point light sources, the sub point light sources are output by the optical fiber tail fibers and are point light source arrays, the sampling arrays are focused near the positions of corneas of human eyes 10, the multipoint simultaneous sampling of the anterior segment structures of the human eyes is realized, the depth information of all sampling points is obtained, the data volume drawing is completed at one time, and the sampling information error caused by the shaking of a living body when the sampling points are scanned is avoided. The system is simple in structure, the devices are all common optical devices, and the light utilization efficiency is high. The optical fiber device is used, the space limitation is avoided, and the sampling form can be experimental, handheld, movable and flexible.
The light source forms a beam of parallel light through the first collimating mirror, and forms a beam of reference light and a beam of sample light through the spectroscope. The reference light is converged by the first focusing mirror and reflected by the reflecting mirror to form reference return light, the sample light enters the first transmitting optical fiber autocollimator group, the incident light is divided into a plurality of sub-beams, the first lens 8 and the second lens 9 form a 4F system, and the sub-beams are relayed to the position of the cornea of the human eye, so that the multi-point simultaneous acquisition of sample information is realized. The sample return light carrying the tissue information interferes with the reference return light at a beam splitter combination beam, and enters a demodulation system, the interference light is sampled and separated by a second optical fiber autocollimator group, then parallel light is formed by a second collimating mirror, and the parallel light is split by a grating and converged on an area array photoelectric conversion device. The area array photoelectric conversion device is horizontally in the spectrum direction, the vertical direction is the arrangement direction of sampling points, and the spectrums of the sampling points are not interfered and overlapped with each other. And data reconstruction can be carried out after the spectral group is calculated and analyzed, and the anterior segment morphology of the eye is restored.
The working principle of the multipoint parallel acquisition anterior segment analysis device is as follows:
the light source is a low-coherence broadband laser light source, such as an SLD laser. The light source is collimated and expanded by a first collimating mirror with a large aperture to form a parallel light source which is incident on the spectroscope, and the incident light source is divided into reference light and sample light by the spectroscope;
the reference light is converged by the first focusing lens and then reflected by the reflecting mirror to form reference return light;
the sample light is divided into a plurality of sub-beams by the first optical fiber autocollimator group, and the number of the sub-beams is determined by the number n of the optical fiber autocollimators included in the first optical fiber autocollimator group. As shown in fig. 2, the fiber autocollimators a1, a2 … an in the first fiber autocollimator group are arranged closely, and may be arranged in a square, polygonal or circular form as required, so as to reduce the light energy loss during the coupling process to the maximum extent and improve the utilization rate of the light source. The sub-beams are coupled into the tail fiber in a decoupling mode, point light sources are formed at the end face of the tail fiber, and therefore n independent point light source groups with consistent optical parameters can be obtained. Because the optical fibers have small diameters and are easy to be closely arranged, a point light source array with high density arrangement can be obtained, as shown in fig. 3, the tail fiber of the first optical fiber autocollimator a1 corresponds to the point light source x1, and similarly, the tail fiber of the first optical fiber autocollimator an corresponds to the point light source xn.
The point light source array is relayed by the 4F system and focused at the front position of the human eye, and the focal lengths of the two lenses in the 4F system are adjusted according to the requirement of sampling resolution. The sample return light carrying the tissue information returns through the same optical path, and is combined with the reference return light at the spectroscope to generate interference, and the interference light enters a demodulation system to be analyzed.
The demodulation system comprises a second optical fiber autocollimator group which is arranged in the same way as the first optical fiber autocollimator group in the sample arm. And the interference light is sampled separately according to the arrangement mode, and the sub-region covered by each optical fiber autocollimator in the second optical fiber autocollimator group contains the depth information of a sampling point. Unlike in the sample arm, the tail fibers of the second fiber autocollimator group of the demodulation system are arranged linearly in the vertical direction in the order of x1, x2 … xn, and aligned with the center of the optical path.
The interference light passes through the second optical fiber autocollimator group, the separated interference light forms a point light source output through the tail fiber, the point light source is collimated by the second collimating lens and enters the grating, the light dispersed by the grating is converged on the area array photoelectric conversion device through the second focusing lens, and the area array photoelectric conversion device can be an area array CCD (charge coupled device) or an area array CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) and the like. The grating light splitting direction is along the horizontal direction of the area array photoelectric conversion device to form a spectrum curve, all the spectrums are vertically separated and do not overlap each other in space because the tail fiber lattices are vertically arranged, and as shown in fig. 4, the intervals among the spectrums are determined by the tail fiber arrangement intervals and the optical design of the spectrum sampling resolution. The n spectral curves are subjected to wave number transformation and Fourier transformation respectively to obtain depth information of n sampling points, data are reconstructed and restored into a three-dimensional data set according to the arrangement mode of the first optical fiber autocollimator group shown in figure 2, and then the biological parameters of human eye anterior segments can be calculated and analyzed.
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosure of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a multi-point gathers eye anterior segment analytical equipment that divides in parallel which characterized in that: the system comprises a light source, a first collimating mirror, a spectroscope, a reference arm, a sample arm and a demodulation system, wherein the first collimating mirror is arranged right behind the light source, the spectroscope is arranged right behind the first collimating mirror, the reference arm is arranged on one side of reference light of the spectroscope, the sample arm is arranged on one side of sample light of the spectroscope, the demodulation system is arranged on one side of combined beam of the spectroscope, the reference arm is used for forming reference return light, the sample arm is used for forming sample return light carrying tissue information, the sample return light and the reference return light are interfered at the combined beam of the spectroscope and enter the demodulation system, data reconstruction is carried out in the demodulation system, and the form of the anterior ocular segment is restored.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the light source is a low-coherence broadband laser light source.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the reference arm comprises a first focusing mirror and a reflecting mirror, and the first focusing mirror and the reflecting mirror are sequentially arranged on one side of the reference light formed by the spectroscope from near to far.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the sample arm comprises a first optical fiber autocollimator group and a 4F system, the first optical fiber autocollimator group comprises an optical fiber autocollimator with a tail fiber, the 4F system is arranged behind the first optical fiber autocollimator, and the 4F system is opposite to human eyes.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the 4F system is composed of a first lens and a second lens arranged in front and back.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the demodulation system comprises a second optical fiber autocollimator group, a second collimating mirror, a grating, a second focusing mirror and an area array photoelectric conversion device, wherein the second optical fiber autocollimator group, the second collimating mirror, the grating, the second focusing mirror and the area array photoelectric conversion device are sequentially arranged on one side of a sample light formed by the spectroscope from near to far, and the second optical fiber autocollimator group comprises an optical fiber autocollimator with a tail fiber;
the spectral direction of the grating forms a spectrum curve along the horizontal direction of the area array photoelectric conversion device, all spectra are separated and separated along the vertical direction and are not overlapped in space, n spectrum curves are subjected to wave number conversion respectively, then Fourier conversion is carried out to obtain depth information of n sampling points, data are reconstructed and restored into a three-dimensional data set according to the arrangement mode of the first optical fiber autocollimator group, and biological parameters of human anterior segment are calculated and analyzed.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber autocollimators a1, a2 … an in the first optical fiber autocollimator group and the second optical fiber autocollimator group are closely arranged in a square shape or in a polygonal shape or in a circular shape, and are used for obtaining n mutually independent point light source groups with consistent optical parameters.
8. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the tail fibers of the fiber autocollimator in the second fiber autocollimator group of the demodulation system are vertically and linearly arranged according to the sequence of x1 and x2 … xn and are aligned with the center of the optical path.
9. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the area array photoelectric conversion device is an area array CCD or an area array CMOS.
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