CN113815738B - Adjustable saddle structure of tractor and control system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Adjustable saddle structure of tractor and control system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113815738B CN113815738B CN202111161839.XA CN202111161839A CN113815738B CN 113815738 B CN113815738 B CN 113815738B CN 202111161839 A CN202111161839 A CN 202111161839A CN 113815738 B CN113815738 B CN 113815738B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D53/00—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains
- B62D53/04—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains comprising a vehicle carrying an essential part of the other vehicle's load by having supporting means for the front or rear part of the other vehicle
- B62D53/08—Fifth wheel traction couplings
- B62D53/0807—Fifth wheel traction couplings adjustable coupling saddles mounted on sub-frames; Mounting plates therefor
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of tractor saddles, in particular to an adjustable saddle structure of a tractor and a control system and a control method thereof. The application discloses adjustable saddle structure of tractor includes: a support frame; the sliding plate is clamped in the support frame; the fixed end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the support frame, and the movable end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the sliding plate; the fixed end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected with the sliding plate; the first connecting plate is arranged above the supporting frame; the second connecting plate is detachably connected above the first connecting plate, and the lower end of the second connecting plate is connected with the movable end of the second hydraulic cylinder; the saddle is arranged above the second connecting plate; the first control device comprises a parameter input unit, a first driving control unit and a second driving control unit, wherein the parameter input unit is used for inputting the distance to be moved of the saddle, the first driving control unit controls the first hydraulic cylinder to stretch, and the second driving control unit controls the second hydraulic cylinder to stretch according to the distance to be moved of the saddle.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tractor saddles, in particular to an adjustable saddle structure of a tractor and a control system and a control method thereof.
Background
The tractor is a general large truck or semi-trailer which is dragged by a tool between a vehicle head and a vehicle box, and is often used for transporting large-scale cargos in or among workshops, such as the transportation from a warehouse in the automobile manufacturing industry to an assembly line and the luggage transportation at an airport. Tractors are mainly divided into full-trailer tractors and semi-trailer tractors in the market, and the semi-trailer tractors are divided into: the front half of the trailer is lapped on a traction saddle on the rear section of the tractor, and a bridge behind the tractor bears part of the weight of the trailer; fully-suspended traction vehicle: the front end of the trailer is attached to the rear end of a tractor which provides only forward traction and pulls the trailer, but does not bear the downward weight of the trailer. The semi-trailer tractor is used as main equipment for road transportation, and is widely applied due to the advantages of strong specialization, large loading capacity and quick transportation.
The main car of semi-mounted tractor is connected through the saddle with the trailer, and the saddle is connected with the frame through the connecting plate. The trailer transfers load to the frame through the saddle, and then distributes to preceding (middle) rear axle, and the producer can give the leading range of reference adjustment (saddle connecting pin apart from middle axle (6X 4), rear axle (4X 2) distance) of saddle when leaving the factory, and the user can suitably adjust according to trailer size. The existing saddle structure has the following problems: (1) Once the saddle is fixed, if the front and rear positions of the saddle need to be adjusted, the saddle fixing bolt needs to be detached, and the operation is troublesome; (2) For drop and hang transportation, the sizes of trailers are often different, the preposed distance of saddles cannot be adjusted, so that drop and hang inconvenience is caused, and the transportation efficiency is influenced; (3) The front distance of the saddle can be only roughly adjusted according to the size of the trailer, the requirement of the front and rear turning radius of the trailer is met, and the load distribution on each axle cannot be further adjusted according to the size of the saddle; (4) Taking a 6 × 4 vehicle model as an example, if the load distributed on the axles is unbalanced, the tires on each axle are unbalanced in friction force, especially under the condition of long-term heavy load, the tires on the middle and rear axles are inconsistent in wear, the tires bearing large loads are more easily damaged by wear, the service life of the tires is shortened, the economy of the whole vehicle cannot be optimized, and the oil consumption is high; (5) brakes carrying heavier axles are more susceptible to wear.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an adjustable saddle structure of a tractor, which aims to solve the problem that the adjustment of the conventional saddle after fixing is inconvenient in the prior art, namely the preposed distance of the saddle cannot be adjusted; the embodiment of the application also provides a control system of the adjustable saddle structure of the tractor, so as to solve the problem that the front distance of the saddle cannot be automatically adjusted according to different loads in the related art.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a tractor adjustable saddle structure comprising: a support frame;
the sliding plate is clamped in the support frame and can move back and forth along the support frame;
the fixed end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the support frame, and the movable end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the sliding plate;
the fixed end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected with the sliding plate;
the first connecting plate is arranged above the supporting frame;
the second connecting plate is detachably connected above the first connecting plate, and the lower end of the second connecting plate is connected with the movable end of the second hydraulic cylinder;
the saddle is arranged above the second connecting plate;
the first control device comprises a parameter input unit, a first driving control unit and a second driving control unit, wherein the parameter input unit is used for inputting the distance to be moved of the saddle, the first driving control unit is electrically connected with a first hydraulic cylinder, the first driving control unit sends an instruction to the first hydraulic cylinder to control the first hydraulic cylinder to stretch, the second driving control unit is electrically connected with a second hydraulic cylinder, and the second driving control unit sends an instruction to the second hydraulic cylinder to control the second hydraulic cylinder to stretch according to the distance to be moved of the saddle.
In some embodiments, a plurality of first concave grooves are sequentially arranged from front to back on the left side of the upper end of the first connecting plate, a plurality of second concave grooves are sequentially arranged from front to back on the right side of the upper end of the first connecting plate, the first concave grooves and the second concave grooves are bilaterally symmetrical, a plurality of first tooth blocks matched with the first concave grooves are sequentially arranged from front to back on the left end of the second connecting plate, and a plurality of second tooth blocks matched with the second concave grooves are sequentially arranged from front to back on the right end of the second connecting plate.
In some embodiments, the lower end of each first tooth block is integrally connected with a first trapezoidal platform, the height of the first trapezoidal platform is less than the groove depth of the first concave groove, the lower end of each second tooth block is integrally connected with a second trapezoidal platform, and the height of the second trapezoidal platform is less than the groove depth of the second concave groove; through setting up first trapezoidal platform and the trapezoidal platform of second can guarantee first concave groove and the first tooth piece cooperation and the second concave groove and the second tooth piece complex stability.
In some embodiments, the support frame includes a left support plate and a right support plate, a first slot is formed in a side wall of the left support plate, a second slot is formed in a side wall of the right support plate, a left end of the sliding plate is clamped in the first slot, and a right end of the sliding plate is clamped in the second slot.
In some embodiments, a strip-shaped hole is formed in the middle of the first connecting plate, a connecting rod is arranged at the lower end of the second connecting plate, and the connecting rod penetrates through the strip-shaped hole to be fixedly connected with the movable end of the second hydraulic cylinder.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a control system for a tractor adjustable saddle structure, comprising:
the adjustable saddle structure of the tractor;
a pressure sensor disposed below the saddle for acquiring a total load from the trailer;
and the second control device is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, calculates a current load distribution ratio according to the total load, the wheelbase and the initial value of the saddle fore distance of the trailer, determines an optimal value of the saddle fore distance according to the current load distribution ratio and the set vehicle running speed, obtains the saddle moving distance by using the optimal value of the saddle fore distance and the initial value of the saddle fore distance, and sends the saddle moving distance to the parameter input unit.
In some embodiments, the second control device includes a storage unit that stores an axle base and a saddle pad initial value, a receiving unit, a load distribution calculation unit, an analysis unit, a saddle movement distance calculation unit, and an output unit; the receiving unit is used for receiving total load data sent by the pressure sensor; the load distribution calculation unit calculates to obtain a current load distribution ratio according to the received total load data, the wheel base data and the initial value of the saddle preposition distance; the analysis unit selects a load distribution ratio calibration value from the load distribution data set according to the set vehicle running speed, then adjusts the value of the saddle front distance according to the load distribution ratio calibration value and sends the value to the load distribution calculation unit, so that the calculated current load distribution ratio is equal to or close to the load distribution ratio calibration value, and the corresponding saddle front distance value when the current load distribution ratio reaches or is closest to the load distribution ratio calibration value is recorded, namely the saddle front distance optimal value; the saddle moving distance calculating unit calculates the difference between the optimal value of the saddle preposed distance and the initial value of the saddle preposed distance to obtain the saddle moving distance; the output unit sends the saddle movement distance to the parameter input unit.
In some embodiments, the current load distribution ratio is calculated by:
(1) Calculating according to the total load, the saddle front distance and the wheelbase of the trailer to obtain a first axle load, wherein the calculation formula of the first axle load is as follows: f 1 ＝F*d 2 D; wherein F is the total load of the trailer; f 1 A first axle load; d 2 The saddle preposition distance; d is the wheelbase;
(2) And calculating to obtain a second axle load according to the total load, the saddle preposed distance and the wheelbase of the trailer, wherein the calculation formula of the second axle load is as follows: f 2 ＝F*d 1 D; wherein, F 2 A second axle load; d is a radical of 1 Indicating the distance of the saddle centre from the front axle, d 1 ＝d-d 2 ；
(3) Calculating the ratio of the first axle load to the second axle load to obtain the current load distribution ratio, wherein the calculation formula of the current load distribution ratio is as follows: n = F 2 /F 1 And n is the current load distribution ratio.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for controlling an adjustable saddle structure of a towing vehicle, comprising the steps of:
acquiring the total load of the trailer, and sending the total load of the trailer to a second control device;
and the second control device calculates to obtain a current load distribution ratio according to the total load, the wheelbase and the initial value of the saddle fore distance of the trailer, then determines an optimal value of the saddle fore distance according to the current load distribution ratio and the set running speed of the vehicle, obtains the saddle moving distance by using the optimal value of the saddle fore distance and the initial value of the saddle fore distance, and sends the saddle moving distance to the parameter input unit.
In some embodiments, the control method comprises the steps of:
step S1, acquiring the total load of a trailer by using a pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor sends the total load of the trailer to a receiving unit of a second control device;
s2, the receiving unit sends the total load of the trailer to a load distribution calculating unit;
s3, the load distribution calculating unit calculates a current load distribution ratio according to the total load, the wheelbase and the initial value of the saddle pre-distance (set by a manufacturer when leaving a factory) of the trailer, and sends the current load distribution ratio to an analyzing unit;
step S4, after receiving the current load distribution ratio, the analysis unit selects a corresponding load distribution ratio calibration value from the load distribution data set according to the set vehicle running speed, then adjusts the numerical value of the saddle front distance according to the load distribution ratio calibration value and sends the numerical value to the load distribution calculation unit, so that the calculated current load distribution ratio is equal to or close to the load distribution ratio calibration value, records the corresponding saddle front distance numerical value when the current load distribution ratio reaches or is closest to the load distribution ratio calibration value, namely the saddle front distance optimal value, and sends the saddle front distance optimal value to the saddle movement distance calculation unit;
s5, the saddle movement distance calculating unit calculates the difference between the optimal value of the saddle preposed distance and the initial value of the saddle preposed distance to obtain the saddle movement distance, and sends the saddle movement distance to the output unit;
and S6, the output unit sends the saddle movement distance to a parameter input unit of the first control device, and the first control device controls the saddle to move.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes: the adjustable saddle structure of the tractor can automatically adjust the position of the saddle according to the size matching requirement of the tractor and the trailer through the first control device, so that the adjustment of the front distance of the saddle is realized, the process is simple and controllable, and the transportation efficiency is improved; the application provides a control system is according to the total load of trailer and the vehicle speed of traveling adjustment saddle position for load distribution is more reasonable, can effectively solve the problem that the unbalanced oil consumption of load distribution is high, alleviates because of the tire bears the unusual wearing and tearing that the inequality leads to.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tractor adjustable saddle structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a support frame and a first connecting plate of an adjustable saddle structure of the towing vehicle provided by the embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a skateboard of the adjustable saddle structure of the towing vehicle provided by the embodiment of the application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second connecting plate of the adjustable saddle structure of the towing vehicle provided by the embodiment of the application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system for a tractor adjustable saddle structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of the tractor adjustable saddle structure provided by the embodiment of the application.
In the figure: 10. a support frame; 101. a left support plate; 1011. a first card slot; 102. a right support plate; 103. a front support plate; 11. a slide plate; 111. mounting grooves; 12. a first hydraulic cylinder; 13. a second hydraulic cylinder; 14. a first connecting plate; 141. a first concave groove; 142. a second concave groove; 143. a strip-shaped hole; 15. a second connecting plate; 151. a first tooth block; 152. a second tooth block; 153. a first trapezoidal table; 154. a second trapezoidal platform; 155. a connecting rod; 16. a saddle; 17. a first control device; 171. a parameter input unit; 172. a first drive control unit; 173. a second drive control unit; 18. a first conductive line; 19. a second conductive line; 20. a pressure sensor; 21. a second control device; 211. a storage unit; 212. a receiving unit; 213. a load distribution calculation unit; 214. an analysis unit; 215. a saddle movement distance calculation unit; 216. an output unit; 22. a third conductive line; 23. a CAN line; 24. and (4) the whole vehicle CAN network.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides an adjustable saddle structure of tractor to it is inconvenient to solve the fixed back adjustment of current saddle among the prior art, and the leading apart from the problem that can't adjust promptly of saddle.
Example 1:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of a tractor adjustable saddle structure provided in embodiment 1 of the present application, and referring to fig. 1 to 4, the tractor adjustable saddle structure provided in embodiment 1 of the present application includes: the device comprises a support frame 10, a sliding plate 11, a first hydraulic cylinder 12, a second hydraulic cylinder 13, a first connecting plate 14, a second connecting plate 15, a saddle 16 and a first control device 17.
Referring to fig. 2, the support frame 10 includes a left support plate 101, a right support plate 102 and a front support plate 103, wherein a first slot 1011 is formed on a side wall of the left support plate 101, a second slot is formed on a side wall of the right support plate 102, and the first slot 1011 and the second slot are bilaterally symmetrical.
Referring to fig. 3, the left end of the sliding plate 11 is clamped in the first clamping groove 1011, the right end of the sliding plate 11 is clamped in the second clamping groove, the sliding plate 11 can move back and forth along the first clamping groove 1011 and the second clamping groove after being stressed, and the upper end of the sliding plate 11 is provided with a mounting groove 111.
The fixed end of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the front support plate 103, the movable end of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected to the mounting groove 111, and the first hydraulic cylinder 12 extends and retracts to drive the sliding plate 11 to move back and forth.
The fixed end of second pneumatic cylinder 13 is fixed connection in the upper end of slide 11, and the expansion end of second pneumatic cylinder 13 is connected with the lower extreme of second connecting plate 15, thereby the flexible second connecting plate 15 that drives of second pneumatic cylinder 13 reciprocates.
Referring to fig. 2, the first connecting plate 14 is fixedly connected above the supporting frame 10, a plurality of first concave grooves 141 are sequentially formed in the left side of the upper end of the first connecting plate 14 from front to back, a plurality of second concave grooves 142 are sequentially formed in the right side of the upper end of the first connecting plate 14 from front to back, the first concave grooves 141 and the second concave grooves 142 are bilaterally symmetrical, and a strip-shaped hole 143 is formed in the middle of the first connecting plate 14; in this embodiment, the first connecting plate 14 is fixedly connected to the frame rails.
Referring to fig. 4, the second connecting plate 15 is located above the first connecting plate 14, a plurality of first tooth blocks 151 matched with the first concave grooves 141 are sequentially arranged at the left end of the second connecting plate 15 from front to back, a plurality of second tooth blocks 152 matched with the second concave grooves 142 are sequentially arranged at the right end of the second connecting plate 15 from front to back, a connecting rod 155 is arranged at the lower end of the second connecting plate 15, the connecting rod 155 passes through the strip-shaped hole 143 to be fixedly connected with the movable end of the second hydraulic cylinder 13, in this embodiment, the lower end of each first tooth block 151 is integrally connected with a first trapezoidal platform 153, the height of the first trapezoidal platform 153 is smaller than the depth of the first concave grooves 141, the lower end of each second tooth block 152 is integrally connected with a second trapezoidal platform 154, the height of the second trapezoidal platform 154 is smaller than the depth of the second concave grooves 142, and the stability of the first concave grooves 141 matched with the first tooth blocks 151 and the stability of the second concave grooves 142 matched with the second tooth blocks 152 can be ensured by arranging the first trapezoidal platform 153 and the second trapezoidal platform 154.
The saddle 16 is fixedly connected above the second connecting plate 15 through bolts.
The first control device 17 is independently arranged, the first control device 17 comprises a parameter input unit 171, a first driving control unit 172 and a second driving control unit 173, the parameter input unit 171 is used for inputting the distance to be moved of the saddle 16, the first driving control unit 172 is electrically connected with the first hydraulic cylinder 12 through a first lead 18, the first driving control unit 172 sends a command to the first hydraulic cylinder 12 to control the first hydraulic cylinder 12 to stretch, the second driving control unit 173 is electrically connected with the second hydraulic cylinder 13 through a second lead 19, and the second driving control unit 173 sends a command to the second hydraulic cylinder 13 to control the second hydraulic cylinder 13 to stretch according to the distance to be moved of the saddle 16; in the present embodiment, the first Control device 17 is an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).
The working process of the adjustable saddle structure of tractor that this application embodiment 1 provided does: when the trailer is not matched with the main vehicle in size and needs to move the saddle 16 back and forth, the moving distance of the saddle is input through the parameter input unit 171, after the second driving control unit 173 receives a signal of the moving distance of the saddle, an instruction is sent to the second hydraulic cylinder 13 to control the second hydraulic cylinder 13 to lift up, the second hydraulic cylinder 13 lifts up to drive the second connecting plate 15 to move upwards until the second connecting plate 15 is separated from the first concave groove 141 and the second concave groove 142 on the first connecting plate 14, at this time, the second driving control unit 173 sends an instruction to control the second hydraulic cylinder 13 to stop moving, the first driving control unit 172 sends an instruction to the first hydraulic cylinder 12 according to the received signal of the moving distance of the saddle, after the first hydraulic cylinder 12 receives the instruction, the first hydraulic cylinder 12 extends or retracts for a corresponding distance according to the moving distance of the saddle, the first hydraulic cylinder 12 extends or retracts, the sliding plate 11 moves back and forth to drive the saddle 16 to move according to the moving distance, when the saddle 16 moves to a specified distance, the first driving control unit 172 sends an instruction to control the first hydraulic cylinder 12 to stop moving, the second hydraulic cylinder 173 sends an instruction to control the second hydraulic cylinder 13 to move, and the second hydraulic cylinder 173 drives the second hydraulic cylinder to drive the second hydraulic cylinder to move downwards to drive the second hydraulic cylinder 141 to stop moving trapezoidal table 141, and the second trapezoidal table 153 to control the second hydraulic cylinder 13 to stop moving of the second trapezoidal groove, and the second trapezoidal table 141, and the second trapezoidal table 142, and the second trapezoidal table 151 to control the second trapezoidal table 151 to stop moving of the second hydraulic cylinder, and the second trapezoidal table 142.
Example 2:
embodiment 2 of the present application provides a control system of an adjustable saddle structure of a tractor, so as to solve the problem that the leading distance of the saddle cannot be automatically adjusted according to different loads in the related art.
Referring to fig. 5, the control system of the tractor adjustable saddle structure comprises the tractor adjustable saddle structure of embodiment 1, a pressure sensor 20 and a second control device 21, wherein the pressure sensor 20 is arranged below the saddle 16, the pressure sensor 20 is electrically connected with the second control device 21 through a third lead 22, and the pressure sensor 20 is used for acquiring total load data from a trailer and sending the total load data to the second control device 21.
The second control device 21 includes a storage unit 211, a receiving unit 212, a load distribution calculating unit 213, an analyzing unit 214, a saddle movement distance calculating unit 215, and an output unit 216, where the storage unit 211 stores information such as a driving form, a self weight, a wheel base d, a model number and a bearing range of an axle, a front-rear turning radius of a saddle, a range of a saddle pre-set distance, and an initial value of the saddle pre-set distance (set by a manufacturer when the vehicle leaves factory), an output end of the storage unit 211 is electrically connected to an input end of the load distribution calculating unit 213, and the storage unit 211 sends data of the wheel base d and the initial value of the saddle pre-set distance to the load distribution calculating unit 213; the input end of the receiving unit 212 is electrically connected with the pressure sensor 20 and is used for receiving total load data sent by the pressure sensor 20, the output end of the receiving unit 212 is electrically connected with the input end of the load distribution calculating unit 213, the receiving unit 212 sends the received total load data to the load distribution calculating unit 213, and the load distribution calculating unit 213 calculates the current load distribution ratio according to the received total load data, the axle distance data and the initial value of the saddle front distance; the input end of the analysis unit 214 is electrically connected with the output end of the load distribution calculation unit 213, the load distribution calculation unit 213 sends the calculated current load distribution ratio to the analysis unit 214, a load distribution data set is arranged in the analysis unit 214, after the analysis unit 214 receives the current load distribution ratio, the corresponding load distribution ratio calibration value is selected from the load distribution data set according to the set vehicle running speed, then the numerical value of the saddle front distance is adjusted according to the load distribution ratio calibration value and sent to the load distribution calculation unit 213, the calculated current load distribution ratio is equal to or close to the load distribution ratio calibration value, the corresponding saddle front distance numerical value when the current load distribution ratio reaches or is closest to the load distribution ratio calibration value is recorded, namely the saddle front distance optimal value, and meanwhile the numerical values of the first vehicle bridge load and the second vehicle bridge load under the condition of the saddle front distance optimal value can be obtained; the output end of the analysis unit 214 is electrically connected with the input end of the saddle movement distance calculation unit 215, the analysis unit 214 sends the optimal value of the saddle front distance to the saddle movement distance calculation unit 215, and the saddle movement distance calculation unit 215 calculates the difference value between the optimal value of the saddle front distance and the initial value of the saddle front distance to obtain the saddle movement distance; the output end of the saddle movement distance calculation unit 215 is connected with the input end of the output unit 216, the output end of the output unit 216 is connected with the input end of the parameter input unit 171 in the first control device 17, the saddle movement distance calculation unit 215 sends the calculated saddle movement distance to the output unit 216, the output unit 216 receives the saddle movement distance and then sends the saddle movement distance to the parameter input unit 171, and the first control device 17 controls the movement of the saddle 16.
In the present embodiment, the second control device 21 is an ECU.
Wherein, the calculation process of the current load distribution ratio is as follows:
(1) Calculating a first axle load, wherein the calculation formula of the first axle load is as follows: f 1 ＝F*d 2 D; wherein F is the total load of the trailer; f 1 A first axle load; d 2 The front distance of the saddle is the distance from the center of the saddle 16 to the rear axle when the tractor is a 4x2 drive type tractor, and the front distance of the saddle is the distance from the center of the saddle 16 to the middle axle when the tractor is a 6x4 drive type tractor; d is the wheelbase;
(2) Calculating a second axle load, wherein the calculation formula of the second axle load is as follows: f 2 ＝F*d 1 D; wherein, F 2 A second axle load; d 1 Denotes the distance of the centre of the saddle 16 from the front axle, d 1 ＝d-d 2 ；
(3) Calculating the ratio of the first axle load to the second axle load to obtain the current load distribution ratioThe formula for calculating the ratio is: n = F 2 /F 1 And n is the current load distribution ratio.
In this embodiment, the second control device 21 is electrically connected to the entire vehicle CAN network 24 through the CAN line 23, and CAN acquire the running speed information of the vehicle through the entire vehicle CAN network 24, and the second control device 21 sends the optimal value of the saddle advance distance, the values of the first axle load and the second axle load under the condition of the optimal value of the saddle advance distance to the entire vehicle CAN network 24 through the CAN line 23, so as to perform information display and load abnormality diagnosis.
The load distribution ratio calibration value in the load distribution data set is determined through test calibration, and specifically may be: under different vehicle speeds, different axle loads are set to carry out a whole vehicle belt hanging test, and the optimal axle load distribution value under the corresponding vehicle speed is obtained according to the service life, the loss and the whole vehicle oil consumption of the tire, namely the load distribution ratio calibration value.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 6, the embodiment 3 of the present application provides a control method for an adjustable saddle structure of a tractor, comprising the following steps:
step S1, acquiring the total load of the trailer by using the pressure sensor 20, and sending the total load of the trailer to the receiving unit 212 of the second control device 21 by using the pressure sensor 20;
step S2, the receiving unit 212 sends the total load of the trailer to the load distribution calculating unit 213;
step S3, the load distribution calculating unit 213 calculates a current load distribution ratio according to the total load, the wheelbase, and the initial value of the saddle fore distance (set by the manufacturer when leaving the factory) of the trailer, and sends the current load distribution ratio to the analyzing unit 214;
step S4, after receiving the current load distribution ratio, the analysis unit 214 selects a corresponding load distribution ratio calibration value from the load distribution data set according to the set vehicle running speed, then adjusts the value of the saddle front distance according to the load distribution ratio calibration value and sends the value to the load distribution calculation unit 213, so that the calculated current load distribution ratio is equal to or close to the load distribution ratio calibration value, records the corresponding saddle front distance value when the current load distribution ratio reaches or is closest to the load distribution ratio calibration value, namely the saddle front distance optimal value, and sends the saddle front distance optimal value to the saddle movement distance calculation unit 215;
step S5, the saddle movement distance calculating unit 215 calculates the difference between the optimal value of the saddle preposed distance and the initial value of the saddle preposed distance to obtain the saddle movement distance, and sends the saddle movement distance to the output unit 216;
in step S6, the output unit 216 sends the saddle movement distance to the parameter input unit 171 of the first control device 17, and the first control device 17 controls the movement of the saddle 16.
In step S3, the calculation process of the current load distribution ratio is:
(1) Calculating a first axle load, wherein the calculation formula of the first axle load is as follows: f 1 ＝F*d 2 D; wherein F is the total load of the trailer; f 1 A first axle load; d 2 The front distance of the saddle is the distance from the center of the saddle 16 to the rear axle when the tractor is a 4x2 drive type tractor, and the front distance of the saddle is the distance from the center of the saddle 16 to the middle axle when the tractor is a 6x4 drive type tractor; d is the wheelbase;
(2) Calculating a second axle load, wherein the calculation formula of the second axle load is as follows: f 2 ＝F*d 1 D; wherein, F 2 A second axle load; d is a radical of 1 Denotes the distance of the centre of the saddle 16 from the front axle, d 1 ＝d-d 2 ；
(3) Calculating the ratio of the first axle load to the second axle load to obtain the current load distribution ratio, wherein the calculation formula of the current load distribution ratio is as follows: n = F 2 /F 1 And n is the current load distribution ratio.
In step S4, the load distribution ratio calibration value in the load distribution data set is determined through test calibration, which may specifically be: under different vehicle speeds, different axle loads are set to carry out a whole vehicle belt hanging test, and the optimal axle load distribution value under the corresponding vehicle speed is obtained according to the service life, the loss and the whole vehicle oil consumption of the tire, namely the load distribution ratio calibration value.
In step S6, after the output unit 216 sends the saddle movement distance to the parameter input unit 171 of the first control device 17, the second driving control unit 173 sends a command to the second hydraulic cylinder 13 to control the second hydraulic cylinder 13 to perform an upward lifting operation, the second hydraulic cylinder 13 is lifted upward to drive the second connecting plate 15 to move upward until the second connecting plate 15 is separated from the first concave groove 141 and the second concave groove 142 on the first connecting plate 14, at this time, the second driving control unit 173 sends a command to control the second hydraulic cylinder 13 to stop moving, the first driving control unit 172 sends a command to the first hydraulic cylinder 12 according to the received saddle movement distance signal, the first hydraulic cylinder 12 extends or retracts a corresponding distance according to the saddle movement distance after receiving the command, the first hydraulic cylinder 12 extends or retracts a corresponding distance, the first hydraulic cylinder 12 extends and retracts the sliding plate 11 forward and backward to drive the saddle 16 to move according to the movement distance, when the saddle 16 moves to a specified distance, the first driving control unit 172 sends a command to control the first hydraulic cylinder 12 to stop moving, the second driving control unit 173 sends a command to control the second hydraulic cylinder 13 to move downward to drive the second hydraulic cylinder 154 until the second hydraulic cylinder 141 and the second hydraulic cylinder 153 moves to control the second concave groove 151 to stop moving, and the second hydraulic cylinder 142 to stop moving the second trapezoidal groove 142 to stop moving of the second trapezoidal groove 142, and send a second trapezoidal groove 142.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, both fixed and removable coupling as well as integral coupling; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description is only an example of the present application, and is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. An adjustable saddle structure for a towing vehicle, comprising:
a support frame (10);
the sliding plate (11) is clamped in the supporting frame (10) and can move back and forth along the supporting frame (10);
the fixed end of the first hydraulic cylinder (12) is connected with the support frame (10), and the movable end of the first hydraulic cylinder (12) is connected with the sliding plate (11);
the fixed end of the second hydraulic cylinder (13) is connected with the sliding plate (11);
a first connecting plate (14), wherein the first connecting plate (14) is arranged above the support frame (10);
the second connecting plate (15) is detachably connected above the first connecting plate (14), and the lower end of the second connecting plate (15) is connected with the movable end of the second hydraulic cylinder (13);
a saddle (16), the saddle (16) being disposed above the second connecting plate (15);
the first control device (17) comprises a parameter input unit (171), a first driving control unit (172) and a second driving control unit (173), the parameter input unit (171) is used for inputting the distance to be moved of the saddle (16), the first driving control unit (172) controls the first hydraulic cylinder (12) to stretch and contract, and the second driving control unit (173) controls the second hydraulic cylinder (13) to stretch and contract according to the distance to be moved of the saddle (16) so as to drive the second connecting plate (15) to move up and down;
the left side of the upper end of the first connecting plate (14) is sequentially provided with a plurality of first concave grooves (141) from front to back, the right side of the upper end of the first connecting plate (14) is sequentially provided with a plurality of second concave grooves (142) from front to back, the first concave grooves (141) and the second concave grooves (142) are bilaterally symmetrical, the left end of the second connecting plate (15) is sequentially provided with a plurality of first tooth blocks (151) matched with the first concave grooves (141) from front to back, and the right end of the second connecting plate (15) is sequentially provided with a plurality of second tooth blocks (152) matched with the second concave grooves (142) from front to back;
the lower end of each first tooth block (151) is integrally connected with a first trapezoidal table (153), the height of the first trapezoidal table (153) is smaller than the depth of a first concave groove (141), the lower end of each second tooth block (152) is integrally connected with a second trapezoidal table (154), and the height of the second trapezoidal table (154) is smaller than the depth of a second concave groove (142).
2. The adjustable saddle structure of tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the support frame (10) comprises a left support plate (101) and a right support plate (102), a first clamping groove (1011) is formed in the side wall of the left support plate (101), a second clamping groove is formed in the side wall of the right support plate (102), the left end of the sliding plate (11) is clamped in the first clamping groove (1011), and the right end of the sliding plate (11) is clamped in the second clamping groove.
3. The tractor adjustable saddle structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein a strip-shaped hole (143) is opened in the middle of the first connecting plate (14), a connecting rod (155) is provided at the lower end of the second connecting plate (15), and the connecting rod (155) passes through the strip-shaped hole (143) and is fixedly connected with the movable end of the second hydraulic cylinder (13).
4. A control system for a tractor adjustable saddle structure, comprising:
the tractor adjustable saddle structure of claim 1;
a pressure sensor (20), the pressure sensor (20) being arranged below the saddle (16), the pressure sensor (20) being used to pick up the total load from the trailer;
and the second control device (21), the second control device (21) is electrically connected with the pressure sensor (20), the second control device (21) calculates a current load distribution ratio according to the total load, the wheelbase and the initial value of the saddle fore distance of the trailer, then determines an optimal value of the saddle fore distance according to the current load distribution ratio and the set vehicle running speed, obtains the saddle moving distance by using the optimal value of the saddle fore distance and the initial value of the saddle fore distance, and sends the saddle moving distance to the parameter input unit (171).
5. The control system of a tractor adjustable saddle structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the second control device (21) comprises a storage unit (211), a receiving unit (212), a load distribution calculation unit (213), an analysis unit (214), a saddle movement distance calculation unit (215) and an output unit (216), the storage unit (211) storing the wheelbase and the initial values of the saddle lead-distance; the receiving unit (212) is used for receiving the total load data sent by the pressure sensor (20); the load distribution calculating unit (213) calculates the current load distribution ratio according to the received total load data, the axle base data and the initial value of the saddle front distance; the analysis unit (214) determines a saddle front distance optimal value according to the current load distribution ratio and the set vehicle running speed; the saddle moving distance calculating unit (215) calculates the saddle moving distance according to the optimal saddle preposed distance value and the initial saddle preposed distance value; the output unit (216) sends the saddle movement distance to the parameter input unit (171).
6. The control system for a tractor adjustable saddle structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the current load distribution ratio is calculated as:
calculating to obtain a first axle load according to the total load of the trailer, the front distance of the saddle and the wheelbase;
calculating to obtain a second axle load according to the total load, the saddle preposed distance and the wheelbase of the trailer;
and calculating the ratio of the first axle load to the second axle load to obtain the current load distribution ratio.
7. A control method of a tractor adjustable saddle structure controlled by the control system of a tractor adjustable saddle structure according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
acquiring the total load of the trailer, and sending the total load of the trailer to a second control device (21);
the second control device (21) calculates a current load distribution ratio according to the total load, the wheelbase and the initial value of the saddle preposed distance of the trailer, then determines an optimal value of the saddle preposed distance according to the current load distribution ratio and the set vehicle running speed, obtains the saddle moving distance by using the optimal value of the saddle preposed distance and the initial value of the saddle preposed distance, and sends the saddle moving distance to the parameter input unit (171).
8. Method for controlling a tractor adjustable saddle structure according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
-acquiring the total load of the trailer by means of a pressure sensor (20), said pressure sensor (20) sending the total load of the trailer to a receiving unit (212) of a second control device (21);
-the receiving unit (212) sends the total load of the trailer to a load distribution calculation unit (213);
the load distribution calculating unit (213) calculates a current load distribution ratio according to the total load, the wheelbase and the initial value of the saddle front distance of the trailer, and sends the current load distribution ratio to the analyzing unit (214);
the analysis unit (214) determines an optimal value of the saddle preposed distance according to the current load distribution ratio and the set vehicle running speed, and sends the optimal value of the saddle preposed distance to a saddle movement distance calculation unit (215);
the saddle movement distance calculating unit (215) calculates the saddle movement distance according to the optimal value and the initial value of the saddle preposed distance and sends the saddle movement distance to the output unit (216);
the output unit (216) sends the saddle movement distance to a parameter input unit (171) of the first control device (17).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111161839.XA CN113815738B (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Adjustable saddle structure of tractor and control system and control method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111161839.XA CN113815738B (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Adjustable saddle structure of tractor and control system and control method thereof |
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| CN113815738A CN113815738A (en) | 2021-12-21 |
| CN113815738B true CN113815738B (en) | 2023-01-03 |
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2421419C (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2006-10-17 | Arctic Manufacturing Ltd. | Slide assembly |
| DE102004045662B4 (en) * | 2004-09-18 | 2008-10-30 | Jost-Werke Gmbh | Adjustment device, control device and device for reducing the air resistance of a semitrailer |
| SE0402633L (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-04-04 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | Method and system for determining the load transferred from a trailer to a first axle of a tow vehicle |
| CN110562335A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-12-13 | 湖南成鑫专用汽车有限公司 | saddle capable of automatically adjusting horizontal position, tractor and tractor adjusting method |
| CN110843436B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-10-12 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Tractor saddle assembly, control method thereof and tractor |
| CN213948608U (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-08-13 | 安徽开乐专用车辆股份有限公司 | Automatic leveling system control equipment |
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