CN113804264A - Fluid flow measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Fluid flow measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113804264A CN113804264A CN202010546447.4A CN202010546447A CN113804264A CN 113804264 A CN113804264 A CN 113804264A CN 202010546447 A CN202010546447 A CN 202010546447A CN 113804264 A CN113804264 A CN 113804264A
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 254
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
- G01F1/20—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow
- G01F1/28—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow by drag-force, e.g. vane type or impact flowmeter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/02—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring forces exerted by the fluid on solid bodies, e.g. anemometer
- G01P5/04—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring forces exerted by the fluid on solid bodies, e.g. anemometer using deflection of baffle-plates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
Abstract
The invention discloses a fluid flow measuring device and a measuring method thereof, wherein the device comprises: the top of the elastic resistance piece is inserted into the fluid pipeline and can be elastically deformed under the action of fluid in the fluid pipeline; a displacement measurer for measuring a displacement amount of the top of the elastic resistance member due to elastic deformation under the action of the fluid; and the flow calculator is connected with the displacement measurer and used for calculating the flow of the fluid in the fluid pipeline according to the displacement measured by the displacement measurer. The device and the method solve the problem that the fluid flow measuring device in the prior art cannot measure the flow of the fluid with low flow rate, and avoid the problem that the flow with low flow rate cannot be accurately measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to fluid flow measurement, in particular to a fluid flow measurement device and a measurement method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, fluid flow measurement is generally provided with a special flowmeter, such as a differential pressure flowmeter, a float flowmeter, a positive displacement flowmeter, a thermal flowmeter, an ultrasonic flowmeter and the like. These meters do not provide good measurements of low flow rate fluid flow, resulting in inaccurate flow measurements.
Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to provide a fluid flow measuring device and a measuring method capable of accurately measuring a low-flow-rate fluid flow.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a fluid flow measuring device and a measuring method thereof, which solve the problem that the existing fluid flow measuring device and method cannot accurately measure the low flow rate fluid flow, and achieve the purpose of accurately measuring the micro flow.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a fluid flow measurement device comprising:
the top of the elastic resistance piece is inserted into the fluid pipeline and can be elastically deformed under the action of fluid in the fluid pipeline;
a displacement measurer for measuring a displacement amount of the top of the elastic resistance member due to elastic deformation under the action of the fluid;
and the flow calculator is connected with the displacement measurer and used for calculating the flow of the fluid in the fluid pipeline according to the displacement measured by the displacement measurer.
According to an embodiment of the present application, preferably, in the above apparatus, the elastic resistance member is a hollow structure; the displacement measurer comprises a reflecting surface structure arranged inside the top of the elastic resistance piece and a laser measuring unit arranged above the bottom of the elastic resistance piece;
the laser measuring unit is used for emitting laser to the reflecting surface structure, receiving the laser reflected by the reflecting surface structure, measuring the angle offset between the emitted laser and the reflected laser or the position offset between the emitted laser and the reflected laser spot, and determining the displacement of the top of the elastic resistance piece according to the angle offset or the position offset.
According to an embodiment of the present application, preferably, in the above apparatus, the elastic resistance member is a hollow structure;
the displacement measurer comprises a Bragg grating arranged inside the top of the elastic resistance part and a laser measuring unit arranged above the bottom of the elastic resistance part;
the laser measuring unit is used for emitting laser to the Bragg grating and measuring the offset of the center wavelength of the Bragg grating, so that the displacement of the top of the elastic resistance part is determined according to the offset.
According to an embodiment of the application, preferably, in the above device, the number of the elastic resistance members is one or more, when the number of the elastic resistance members is multiple, the multiple elastic resistance members are inserted into the fluid pipeline at intervals and each elastic resistance member is correspondingly provided with a displacement measurer;
the flow calculator is configured to calculate a flow rate of the fluid in the pipe from the displacement measured by the displacement measurer, calculate an average value of the flow rates of the fluid at a plurality of positions inside the fluid pipe, and then calculate a flow rate of the fluid inside the fluid pipe from the average value of the flow rates of the fluid at the plurality of positions inside the fluid pipe.
According to an embodiment of the present application, preferably, in the above apparatus, further comprising:
and the temperature sensor is connected with the flow calculator and is used for measuring the temperature of the fluid inside the fluid pipeline so as to enable the flow calculator to compensate the measured value of the fluid flow caused by the calculated temperature.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method of fluid flow measurement, comprising:
inserting the top of the elastic resistance element inside the fluid conduit;
measuring the displacement D of the top of the elastic resistance piece under the action of fluid in the fluid pipeline by using a displacement measurer;
and calculating the fluid flow V inside the fluid pipeline by using the flow calculator according to the position offset D measured by the displacement measurer.
According to an embodiment of the present application, preferably, in the above method,
the step of calculating the fluid flow V inside the fluid pipe from the positional deviation D measured by the displacement measurer using the flow calculator includes:
calculating the fluid flow speed u in the fluid pipeline according to the displacement D of the elastic resistance piece under the action of the fluid;
the volumetric flow V of the fluid in the fluid conduit is calculated from the fluid flow velocity u within the fluid conduit.
According to an embodiment of the present application, preferably, in the above method, the fluid flow velocity u in the fluid conduit is calculated from the displacement D of the elastic resistance member under the action of the fluid:
D＝[Kρu2gLr+3πηu(2L+r)]/E，
where g is the gravitational acceleration, ρ is the fluid density, K is the drag coefficient, L is the length of the elastic resistance in the fluid conduit, r is the radius of the elastic resistance, η is the fluid viscosity, and E is the elastic modulus of the elastic resistance.
According to an embodiment of the present application, preferably, in the above method, the volume flow V of the fluid in the fluid conduit is calculated from the fluid flow velocity u in the fluid conduit according to the following formula:
V＝πR2u，
wherein R is the radius of the fluid conduit.
According to an embodiment of the present application, preferably, in the above method, the method further includes:
measuring the temperature of the fluid inside the fluid conduit by means of a temperature sensor, calculating the volumetric flow V of the fluid in the fluid conduit from the fluid flow velocity u inside the fluid conduit according to the following equation, taking into account the influence of the fluid temperature on the fluid flow in the fluid conduit:
V＝kπR2uT0/T1，
where R is the fluid conduit radius, T0 is the temperature at calibration, T1 is the actual temperature, and k is the coefficient.
According to an embodiment of the present application, preferably, in the above method, the method further includes:
and measuring the fluid flow rate at a plurality of positions of the fluid pipeline, and taking the average value of the fluid flow rates at the plurality of positions as a final measured value of the fluid flow rate u in the fluid pipeline.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a fluid flow measuring method as described in the second aspect above, applied to measurement of ultra-low flow rate flue gas flow.
Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments in the above scheme can have the following advantages or beneficial effects: in the device and the method, the elastic resistance element is inserted into the fluid pipeline, the displacement of the top of the elastic resistance element caused by elastic deformation under the action of the fluid is measured by the displacement measurer, then the displacement measurer is connected with the flow calculator, and the flow of the fluid in the fluid pipeline is calculated according to the displacement measured by the displacement measurer.
Drawings
The scope of the present disclosure will be better understood from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings. Wherein the included drawings are:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic resistance element and a displacement measuring device in a fluid flow measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the structure of fig. 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a fluid flow measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not intended to be construed as only or implying relative importance.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fluid flow measuring device, including:
an elastic resistance member 10, the top of which is inserted into the fluid pipe 20 and can be elastically deformed by the fluid in the fluid pipe 20;
a displacement measurer for measuring a displacement amount of the top of the elastic resistance 10 due to elastic deformation under the action of the fluid;
and a flow calculator connected to the displacement measuring device, for calculating a flow rate of the fluid inside the fluid pipe 20 based on the displacement measured by the displacement measuring device.
The elastic resistance piece 10 is internally of a hollow structure; the displacement measurer comprises a reflecting surface structure arranged inside the top of the elastic resistance piece 10 and a laser measuring unit 301 arranged above the bottom of the elastic resistance piece 10;
the laser measuring unit 301 is configured to emit laser light 303 to the reflective mirror structure 302, receive laser light reflected by the reflective mirror structure 302, and measure an angular offset between the emitted laser light and the reflected laser light or a position offset between the emitted laser light and a reflected laser light spot, so as to determine a displacement amount of the top of the elastic resistance member according to the angular offset or the position offset.
More specifically, the elastic resistance element 10 is vertically inserted into the fluid conduit 20, the elastic resistance element 10 is subjected to impact force and viscous friction force of the fluid under the action of the fluid, and then is elastically deformed, and is subjected to bending deformation with a certain amplitude in the downstream direction, and the magnitude of the resultant force of the impact force and the viscous friction force, which the elastic resistance element is subjected to in the fluid, is related to the composition, the flow rate, the viscosity and the temperature of the fluid, and is only related to the flow rate under the condition that the composition, the viscosity and the temperature of the fluid are unchanged.
In this embodiment, the elastic resistance member is provided as a hollow structure, and a smooth metal mirror capable of reflecting laser light is installed inside the top of the elastic resistance member 10 as a mirror structure 302, while a micro laser emitting and receiving device is installed above the elastic resistance member 10 as a laser measuring unit 301; the laser emitted by the laser emitting and receiving device is emitted to the metal mirror surface at the bottom of the elastic resistance member 10, the reflected light beam is received by the laser emitting and receiving device, when the elastic resistance member is deformed due to the flow of the fluid, the reflected laser is deflected, the laser emitting and receiving device serving as the laser measuring unit 301 can measure the angular offset between the emitted laser and the reflected laser, and therefore the displacement of the top of the elastic resistance member 10 can be determined according to the angular offset. Since the displacement of the top of the elastic resistance 10 has a single-value correspondence with the fluid flow rate, the flow calculator can determine the fluid flow rate from the amount of displacement of the top of the elastic resistance 10, and further calculate the flow rate to the fluid from the fluid flow rate.
The elastic resistance elements 10 may be in various forms, such as ciliated, thin tubular, sheet-like, tongue-like, strip-like, leaf-like, etc., and their size, shape, and elasticity may be selected according to the actual situation.
In the device of this embodiment, the measurement of the fluid flow requires a relatively large amplitude of elastic mobility of the ends of the elastic resistance element.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a fluid flow measuring device, which comprises:
an elastic resistance member 10, the top of which is inserted into the fluid pipe 20 and can be elastically deformed by the fluid in the fluid pipe 20;
a displacement measurer for measuring a displacement amount of the top of the elastic resistance 10 due to elastic deformation under the action of the fluid;
and a flow calculator connected to the displacement measuring device, for calculating a flow rate of the fluid inside the fluid pipe 20 based on the displacement measured by the displacement measuring device.
The elastic resistance part 10 is of a hollow structure;
the displacement measurer comprises a Bragg grating 302 arranged inside the top of the elastic resistance piece 10 and a laser measuring unit 301 arranged above the bottom of the elastic resistance piece 10;
the laser measuring unit 301 is configured to emit laser 303 to the bragg grating and measure an offset of a center wavelength of the bragg grating, so as to determine a displacement amount of the top of the elastic resistance member according to the offset; and the displacement of the top of the elastic resistance piece is equal to the offset of the central wavelength of the Bragg grating.
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the displacement measurer is composed of a bragg grating disposed inside the top of the elastic resistance member 10 and a laser measuring unit disposed above the bottom of the elastic resistance member 10, and the laser measuring unit 301 here can still adopt the laser emitting and receiving device provided in the first embodiment, so that the laser emitting and receiving device here is used for emitting laser to the bragg grating, then measuring the offset of the center wavelength of the bragg grating, and determining the displacement amount of the top of the elastic resistance member according to the offset of the center wavelength of the bragg grating.
In this embodiment, a grating sensor for measuring the shift of the center wavelength of the bragg grating may be integrated in the laser measurement unit, and the shift of the center wavelength of the bragg grating may be directly obtained by the grating sensor, where the shift of the wavelength is equal to the displacement of the top of the elastic resistance member.
In this embodiment, the requirement for elastic displacement of the top of the elastic resistance element is relatively small.
EXAMPLE III
On the basis of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the number of the elastic resistance pieces 10 is one or more, and when the number of the elastic resistance pieces 10 is more, the elastic resistance pieces 10 are inserted into the fluid pipeline 20 at intervals and are correspondingly provided with displacement measuring devices;
it should be noted that, the elastic resistance 10 and the displacement measuring device may be in a one-to-one relationship, that is, one displacement measuring device is correspondingly disposed on one elastic resistance 10, or in a many-to-one relationship, that is, a plurality of elastic resistances 10 correspond to one displacement measuring device, and the displacement measuring devices may measure the displacements of the plurality of resistance in a time-sharing manner.
The flow calculator is configured to calculate the flow rate of the fluid in the fluid conduit 20 based on the displacement measured by the displacement measurer, calculate an average value of the flow rates of the fluid at a plurality of positions inside the fluid conduit 20, and then calculate the flow rate of the fluid inside the fluid conduit based on the average value of the flow rates of the fluid at the plurality of positions inside the fluid conduit 20.
In this way, multiple flow velocities at different locations in the fluid conduit can be measured for use in situations where there is a bias flow or where there is a greater demand for accuracy in the measurement. During measurement, the flow velocity of the fluid at a plurality of positions of the central point of the fluid pipeline is measured to be most accurate, and if the test point of the flow velocity, namely the position where the top of the elastic resistance piece is contacted with the fluid, is not positioned on the central point of the fluid pipeline, the measured flow velocity can be compared with the flow velocity of the central point at the moment to evaluate the radial velocity distribution of the fluid so as to determine whether the flow velocity of the fluid is normal or not.
In addition, when the flow rate of fluid at a certain position of the pipeline is calculated, only one hole can be drilled at one position of the pipeline, a plurality of resistance pieces with different lengths are inserted into the hole, then the flow rates at different radial positions on the section of the pipeline at the position are measured, and the accurate flow rate of the whole pipeline is calculated according to the position of the selected point. The whole section is measured at one opening, so that a displacement measurer can conveniently measure the flow velocity at a plurality of positions by time-sharing work, and the cost is saved.
Example four
On the basis of any of the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the fluid flow measuring device further includes a temperature sensor connected to the flow calculator for measuring the temperature of the fluid inside the fluid pipeline, so that the flow calculator compensates the measured value of the fluid flow due to the calculated temperature.
In this embodiment, the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is used for temperature compensation and higher accuracy flow measurement, and the temperature sensor may be installed at a position where the elastic resistance member is inserted into the fluid conduit and connected to the fluid conduit, so as to measure the fluid temperature in the fluid conduit and compensate for the influence of the fluid temperature on the fluid flow.
In a second aspect, referring to fig. 3, a fluid flow measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes steps S10 to S30 corresponding to the first and second embodiments. It should be noted that the method herein is a calculation method for an elastic resistance member inserted vertically into a fluid conduit, for example.
Step S10, insert the top of the elastic resistance element inside the fluid conduit.
In step S20, the displacement D of the top of the elastic resistance element under the action of the fluid inside the fluid conduit is measured by a displacement measuring device.
In step S30, the flow calculator calculates the fluid flow V inside the fluid pipe from the positional deviation D measured by the displacement measuring device.
Specifically, step S30 includes:
in this embodiment, the insertion mode of the vertical resistance element is vertical insertion, since the relationship between the end displacement of the elastic resistance element and the flow rate is different due to different forms of the resistance elements, taking a thin cylindrical resistance element arranged radially as an example, because the resistance element has a thin shape, the differential pressure caused by the resistance element can be ignored, the force applied to the pipe is the resultant of the impulse force and the viscous friction force of the fluid, and in this specific case, the flow velocity u of the fluid in the fluid pipe is calculated according to the displacement D of the elastic resistance element under the action of the fluid: the calculation formula is as follows: d ═ K ρ u2gLr+3πηu(2L+r)]Where g is the gravitational acceleration, ρ is the fluid density, K is the drag coefficient, L is the length of the elastic resistance member in the fluid conduit, r is the radius of the elastic resistance member, η is the fluid viscosity, and E is the elastic modulus of the elastic resistance member. It should be noted that, if other factors are considered, for example, the differential pressure is not negligible, the calculation formula may need to be changed, and only the case where the differential pressure is negligible is mentioned here.
Calculating the volume flow V of the fluid in the fluid pipeline according to the fluid flow velocity u in the fluid pipeline: the formula is V ═ pi R2u, wherein R is the radius of the fluid conduit.
Corresponding to the third embodiment, the method for measuring fluid flow provided in this embodiment further includes measuring fluid flow rates at a plurality of positions of the fluid pipeline, taking an average value of the fluid flow rates at the plurality of positions as a final measurement value of the fluid flow rate u in the fluid pipeline, and finally calculating the fluid flow in the fluid pipeline according to the final measurement value of the fluid flow rate u. It should be noted that when measuring the fluid flow rate at a plurality of positions, the fluid flow rate at the center point is preferably: because the flow velocity near the edge of the pipeline is slow under the action of the viscous force of the inner wall of the pipeline, and the flow velocity at the center of the pipeline is fast, the average value of the flow velocities of the fluids at the measuring center point is selected, so that the measuring precision of the flow velocity of the fluids in the pipeline can be improved.
Corresponding to the fourth embodiment, the method for measuring a fluid flow provided in this embodiment further includes: measuring the temperature of the fluid inside the fluid conduit by means of a temperature sensor, calculating the volumetric flow V of the fluid in the fluid conduit from the fluid flow velocity u inside the fluid conduit according to the following equation, taking into account the influence of the fluid temperature on the fluid flow in the fluid conduit:
V＝kπR2uT0/T1，
where R is the fluid conduit radius, T0 is the temperature at calibration, T1 is the actual temperature, and k is the coefficient.
In addition, for the accuracy of measurement, a simple calibration system can be arranged in the measurement method, namely, the standard flowmeter and the flow measurement device are arranged in the same fluid pipeline, then a fan and the like are used for pushing the fluid to flow at a certain flow velocity, then the measurement results of the standard flowmeter and the flow measurement device are compared, and whether the error condition meets the measurement requirement or not is judged through comparison.
In a third aspect, the fluid flow measurement method as in the second aspect above is applied to measurement of ultra low flow rate flue gas flow. In a flue gas treatment process, when CO2 is captured from flue gas of a power plant and the like, the flow of the flue gas with low pressure and low flow rate needs to be measured, and various flow meters in the traditional method have no good effect in the application, so that the flow measurement is inaccurate. The device and the method can accurately measure the low-pressure low-flow-rate flue gas flow.
In summary, in the device and method provided by the present invention, the elastic resistance element is inserted into the fluid conduit, the displacement amount of the top of the elastic resistance element caused by elastic deformation under the action of the fluid is measured by the displacement measuring device, and then the displacement measuring device is connected to the flow calculator, and the flow of the fluid inside the fluid conduit is calculated according to the displacement amount measured by the displacement measuring device.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of a unit is merely a logical division, and an actual implementation may have another division, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed.
Units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention essentially or partially contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A fluid flow measuring device, characterized in that the device comprises:
the top of the elastic resistance piece is inserted into the fluid pipeline and can be elastically deformed under the action of fluid in the fluid pipeline;
a displacement measurer for measuring a displacement amount of the top of the elastic resistance member due to elastic deformation under the action of the fluid;
and the flow calculator is connected with the displacement measurer and used for calculating the flow of the fluid in the fluid pipeline according to the displacement measured by the displacement measurer.
2. The fluid flow measurement device of claim 1, wherein:
the elastic resistance piece is of a hollow structure;
the displacement measurer comprises a reflecting surface structure arranged inside the top of the elastic resistance piece and a laser measuring unit arranged above the bottom of the elastic resistance piece;
the laser measuring unit is used for emitting laser to the reflecting surface structure, receiving the laser reflected by the reflecting surface structure, measuring the angle offset between the emitted laser and the reflected laser or the position offset between the emitted laser and the reflected laser spot, and determining the displacement of the top of the elastic resistance piece according to the angle offset or the position offset.
3. The fluid flow measurement device of claim 1, wherein:
the elastic resistance piece is of a hollow structure;
the displacement measurer comprises a Bragg grating arranged inside the top of the elastic resistance part and a laser measuring unit arranged above the bottom of the elastic resistance part;
the laser measuring unit is used for emitting laser to the Bragg grating and measuring the offset of the center wavelength of the Bragg grating, so that the displacement of the top of the elastic resistance part is determined according to the offset.
4. The fluid flow measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of the elastic resistance members is one or more, and when the number of the elastic resistance members is plural, plural elastic resistance members are inserted into the interior of the fluid conduit at intervals and provided with displacement gauges correspondingly;
the flow calculator is configured to calculate a flow rate of the fluid in the fluid conduit based on the displacement measured by the displacement measurer, calculate an average value of the flow rates of the fluid at a plurality of positions inside the fluid conduit, and then calculate a flow rate of the fluid inside the fluid conduit based on the average value of the flow rates of the fluid at the plurality of positions inside the fluid conduit.
5. A fluid flow measurement device according to any of claims 1-3, further comprising:
and the temperature sensor is connected with the flow calculator and is used for measuring the temperature of the fluid inside the fluid pipeline so as to enable the flow calculator to compensate the measured value of the fluid flow caused by the calculated temperature.
6. A fluid flow measuring method based on the measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the steps of:
inserting the top of the elastic resistance element inside the fluid conduit;
measuring the displacement D of the top of the elastic resistance piece under the action of fluid in the fluid pipeline by using a displacement measurer;
and calculating the fluid flow V inside the fluid pipeline by using the flow calculator according to the position offset D measured by the displacement measurer.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of calculating the fluid flow V inside the fluid conduit using the flow calculator based on the position offset D measured by the displacement measurer comprises:
calculating the fluid flow speed u in the fluid pipeline according to the displacement D of the elastic resistance piece under the action of the fluid;
the volumetric flow V of the fluid in the fluid conduit is calculated from the fluid flow velocity u within the fluid conduit.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the fluid flow velocity u in the fluid conduit is calculated from the displacement D of the elastic resistance element under the action of the fluid according to the following equation:
D＝[Kρu2gLr+3πηu(2L+r)]/E，
where g is the gravitational acceleration, ρ is the fluid density, K is the drag coefficient, L is the length of the elastic resistance in the fluid conduit, r is the radius of the elastic resistance, η is the fluid viscosity, and E is the elastic modulus of the elastic resistance.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the volumetric flow rate V of the fluid in the fluid conduit is calculated from the fluid flow velocity u in the fluid conduit according to the following equation:
V＝πR2u，
wherein R is the radius of the fluid conduit.
10. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
measuring the temperature of the fluid inside the fluid conduit by means of a temperature sensor, calculating the volumetric flow V of the fluid in the fluid conduit from the fluid flow velocity u inside the fluid conduit according to the following equation, taking into account the influence of the fluid temperature on the fluid flow in the fluid conduit:
V＝kπR2uT0/T1，
where R is the fluid conduit radius, T0 is the temperature at calibration, T1 is the actual temperature, and k is the coefficient.
11. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
and measuring the fluid flow rate at a plurality of positions of the fluid pipeline, and taking the average value of the fluid flow rates at the plurality of positions as a final measured value of the fluid flow rate u in the fluid pipeline.
12. A method for measuring fluid flow according to any one of claims 6 to 11, applied to measurement of ultra low flow rate flue gas flow.
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