CN113782849A - Battery fault judgment analysis processing method for power battery pack of electric automobile - Google Patents

Battery fault judgment analysis processing method for power battery pack of electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113782849A
CN113782849A CN202111033125.0A CN202111033125A CN113782849A CN 113782849 A CN113782849 A CN 113782849A CN 202111033125 A CN202111033125 A CN 202111033125A CN 113782849 A CN113782849 A CN 113782849A
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Prior art keywords
battery
battery pack
value
abnormal
fault
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CN202111033125.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张婷婷
杨思文
厉运杰
韦辉
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Hefei Gotion High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
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Hefei Guoxuan High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111033125.0A priority Critical patent/CN113782849A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4285Testing apparatus
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

S1, acquiring BMS recording data of the power battery pack of the electric automobile, wherein the BMS recording data comprise standing voltage values of all battery monomers after discharging, insulation resistance values of all battery monomers and temperature values of all modules; s2, respectively comparing the standing voltage value after the discharge of each battery cell is finished, and comparing the insulation resistance value of each battery cell with the temperature value of the comparison module; and S3, judging whether the battery pack has faults or not according to the comparison result and processing the faults. The method monitors the discharge tail end standing voltage, the insulation resistance value and the temperature value of each battery in the power battery pack in real time to judge whether the battery pack has faults or not, analyzes the faults if the battery pack has the faults, and executes corresponding maintenance operation. The fault diagnosis process is reliable, misjudgment of the faults of the battery pack is reduced, an effective maintenance method is provided, unnecessary repeated maintenance of the battery pack is avoided, and maintenance cost is saved.

Description

Battery fault judgment analysis processing method for power battery pack of electric automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a method for judging, analyzing and processing battery faults of a power battery pack of an electric automobile.
Background
Currently, economy is rapidly developed, people's living standard is improved, and urban traffic demand is gradually increased, thereby causing problems such as environmental pollution and energy shortage. From the aspect of future requirements of automobiles, the realization of the industrialization of electric automobiles is an effective way for protecting the environment, saving energy and reducing emission. In the aspect of automobile energy, a pure Electric Vehicle (EV) is widely regarded and applied with a series of advantages of small environmental pollution, high energy utilization rate, and the like. The lithium ion battery has a series of advantages of large energy density, long service life, small volume, light weight, environmental protection and the like, and is successfully applied to the pure electric vehicle.
In the running process of the battery, due to inconsistent delivery of battery monomers and inconsistent aging speed in the use process, the inconsistent parameters of the battery pack are abnormal, even accidental abnormalities caused by unsafe factors such as collision and bumping and the like, the lithium battery has abnormal symptoms such as overhigh or overlow voltage, overlarge or undersize current, overhigh or overlow temperature and the like in the running process, and thus certain potential safety hazards are caused. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of the battery in actual operation, support the efficient and reliable operation of the electric automobile, and detect and judge the battery abnormality in time, it is very important.
Therefore, at present, an analysis process and a processing method for determining a fault of a power battery pack are formulated according to experience of processing battery pack data collected by a battery management system BMS of an electric vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for judging, analyzing and processing battery faults of a power battery pack of an electric automobile, which is used for judging the reasons of the battery faults.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a battery fault judgment, analysis and processing method for a power battery pack of an electric automobile comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring BMS recording data of the power battery pack of the electric automobile, wherein the BMS recording data comprise standing voltage values of all the single batteries after discharging, insulation resistance values of all the single batteries and temperature values of all the modules;
s2, comparing the standing voltage value after the discharge of the single battery is finished, and comparing the insulation resistance value of the single battery with the comparison module temperature value;
and S3, judging whether the battery pack has faults or not according to the comparison result and processing the faults.
Wherein, the step S3 specifically includes:
s31, after the discharge of each battery monomer is finished, the standing voltage value is continuously reduced, the insulation resistance value of each battery monomer is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, the duration time is longer than 2S, and the temperature value of each module is abnormal in temperature rise, so that the battery pack is judged to have water inlet reasons, have thermal runaway ablation risks, immediately carry out air space standing treatment on the vehicle, and prepare for fire extinguishing at any time;
s32, after the discharge of each single battery is finished, the standing voltage value is continuously reduced, the insulation resistance value of each single battery is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, the duration time is longer than 2S, and the temperature value of each module is not abnormal in temperature rise, so that the battery pack is judged to have liquid leakage or water inlet faults, the battery pack is subjected to unpacking inspection, and the battery pack is replaced;
s33, after the discharge of each single battery is finished, the standing voltage value is continuously reduced, the insulation resistance value of each single battery is not abnormal, and the temperature value of each module is not abnormal, so that the battery pack is judged to have a short-circuit fault, the battery pack is subjected to unpacking inspection, and the fault module is replaced;
and S34, if the standing voltage value of each single battery is not abnormal after the discharge of each single battery is finished, the insulation resistance value of each single battery is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, the duration time is longer than 2S, and the temperature value of each module is not abnormal, the battery pack is judged to have a metal foreign matter fault, and the battery pack is subjected to unpacking inspection.
And S35, judging whether the battery pack is abnormal or not if the standing voltage value of each battery cell is not abnormal after the discharge of each battery cell is finished, the insulation resistance value of each battery cell is not abnormal, and the temperature value of each module is not abnormal.
Specifically, the step S31 of setting the voltage value after the discharge is completed includes:
and recording the voltage value distribution curve of each parallel battery monomer which is kept still for more than 1h after the discharge of the battery pack is finished.
The insulation resistance value of each battery cell in step S31 is specifically:
recording the distribution curve of the insulation resistance values of all the parallel battery monomers of the battery pack;
and if the insulation resistance value is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, judging that the battery reports the insulation fault.
Wherein, the temperature value of each module in S31 is abnormal in temperature rise, and specifically includes:
and recording the temperature value distribution curve of each parallel battery monomer of the battery pack.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the method monitors the discharge tail end standing voltage, the insulation resistance value and the temperature value of each battery in the power battery pack in real time to judge whether the battery pack has faults or not, analyzes the faults if the battery pack has the faults, and executes corresponding maintenance operation. The fault diagnosis process is reliable, misjudgment of the faults of the battery pack is reduced, an effective maintenance method is provided, unnecessary repeated maintenance of the battery pack is avoided, and maintenance cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the rest voltage of the battery pack of the present invention after the end of discharge of 27 days after 6 months;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the distribution of insulation resistance values of the battery cells according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the cell temperature distribution of the battery of the present invention at day 6, month 27.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for determining, analyzing and processing battery faults of a power battery pack of an electric vehicle according to the embodiment includes:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses an analysis processing method for determining battery faults of a power battery pack of an electric vehicle, which includes the following steps S1 to S3:
s1, acquiring BMS recording data of the power battery pack of the electric automobile, wherein the BMS recording data comprise standing voltage values of all the single batteries after discharging, insulation resistance values of all the single batteries and temperature values of all the modules;
it should be noted that the power battery pack in this embodiment is a battery pack composed of 5P31S, and acquires BMS recording data of the power battery pack battery management system, including a standing voltage value of each battery cell, an insulation resistance value of each battery cell, and a temperature value of each module.
S2, respectively comparing the standing voltage value after the discharge of each battery cell is finished, and comparing the insulation resistance value of each battery cell with the temperature value of the comparison module;
and S3, judging whether the battery pack has faults or not according to the comparison result and processing the faults.
Wherein, the step S3 specifically includes:
s31, after the discharge of each battery monomer is finished, the standing voltage value is continuously reduced, the insulation resistance value of each battery monomer is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, the duration time is longer than 2S, and the temperature value of each module is abnormal in temperature rise, so that the battery pack is judged to have water inlet reasons, have thermal runaway ablation risks, immediately carry out air space standing treatment on the vehicle, and prepare for fire extinguishing at any time;
s32, after the discharge of each single battery is finished, the standing voltage value is continuously reduced, the insulation resistance value of each single battery is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, the duration time is longer than 2S, and the temperature value of each module is not abnormal in temperature rise, so that the battery pack is judged to have liquid leakage or water inlet faults, the battery pack is subjected to unpacking inspection, and the battery pack is replaced;
s33, after the discharge of each single battery is finished, the standing voltage value is continuously reduced, the insulation resistance value of each single battery is not abnormal, and the temperature value of each module is not abnormal, so that the battery pack is judged to have a short-circuit fault, the battery pack is subjected to unpacking inspection, and the fault module is replaced;
and S34, if the standing voltage value of each single battery is not abnormal after the discharge of each single battery is finished, the insulation resistance value of each single battery is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, the duration time is longer than 2S, and the temperature value of each module is not abnormal, the battery pack is judged to have a metal foreign matter fault, and the battery pack is subjected to unpacking inspection.
And S35, judging whether the battery pack is abnormal or not if the standing voltage value of each battery cell is not abnormal after the discharge of each battery cell is finished, the insulation resistance value of each battery cell is not abnormal, and the temperature value of each module is not abnormal.
The voltage value of the standing battery after the discharge of each battery cell in the step S31 is specifically:
recording the voltage value distribution curve of each parallel battery monomer standing for 1h after the discharge of the battery pack is finished;
the insulation resistance value of each battery cell in step S31 is specifically:
recording the distribution curve of the insulation resistance values of the single battery pack, and if the resistance value is less than or equal to a threshold value and the duration time is more than 2s, judging that the battery pack has an insulation fault;
the temperature values of the modules in the S31 are abnormal in temperature rise, and specifically include:
and recording the distribution curve of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery pack module, wherein the curve shows a rapid rising trend, and judging that the temperature value has abnormal temperature rise.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, only the failure of the battery pack is considered, and other factors are not considered.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the charging voltage is 0, which obviously causes a problem in data recording, and this part of data needs to be removed.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the temperature may be-45 ℃ or-131 ℃, which is obviously an unreasonable value, and may be caused by a malfunction in the temperature sensor acquisition process or the data transmission process.
In the embodiment, the insulation fault is defined as that a pure electric vehicle has high-voltage components, in order to prevent potential personal safety hazards caused by insulation failure, the vehicle is provided with a monitoring device for the insulation resistance of the high-voltage components of the whole vehicle, and when the insulation resistance is lower than a set threshold value, the insulation fault is determined. For insulation fault alarm, the minimum alarm insulation resistance value limit of a pure electric vehicle is set at 500 Ω/V.
It should be noted that the threshold value in the present embodiment is an empirical value that can be obtained through a lot of experiments by those skilled in the art to determine whether the internal resistance is abnormal or not.
As shown in fig. 2, the standing cell voltage distribution curve after the discharge of the battery pack is finished, and the standing voltage after the discharge is finished in 27 days after 6 months is continuously reduced along with the time, so that the curve is in a U shape, and the judgment module has a fault, but the fault reason cannot be judged only by the voltage abnormality.
As shown in FIG. 3, the insulation resistance values of the battery cells are distributed below 300 Ω/V and below 500 Ω/V, and insulation faults are reported. Common initiation factors of insulation faults in the battery include electrolyte leakage, water inflow of a box body, damage of an insulation layer and the like. And determining the insulation abnormality in combination with the voltage abnormality, wherein the insulation abnormality may be water inflow of the battery box body.
As can be seen from fig. 4, the cell C has a voltage of 3.65V at the end of charge and an average voltage of 3.48V; the voltage at the discharging end is 2.97V, the average voltage is 2.35V, and at this time, the battery cell C is higher at the charging end and higher at the discharging end, it is determined that the battery cell C has a fault and needs to be balanced, and now according to the discharging curve of the battery cell shown in fig. 4, the voltage difference value between the discharging end and the battery cell C is 2.97V to 2.35V, the battery capacity value is 0.65Ah, the module is an 8-bank module, and therefore, the battery capacity should be discharged by 0.65 × 8 to 5.2Ah to achieve the balancing effect.
Namely, if the temperature of the temperature sensor is abnormal, the risk of thermal runaway exists, and voltage drop and insulation fault are combined. The battery pack can be judged to be replaced due to a series of faults caused by water inflow of the battery box body.
The invention judges the fault according to the standing voltage value, the insulation resistance value and the temperature value of the battery discharge end, realizes the reliable diagnosis of the power battery pack fault, reduces the misjudgment of the battery pack fault, provides an effective maintenance method, avoids unnecessary repeated maintenance of the battery pack and saves the maintenance cost.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A battery fault judgment, analysis and processing method of a power battery pack of an electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps,
s1, acquiring BMS recording data of a power battery pack of the electric automobile, wherein the BMS recording data comprise standing voltage values of all the single batteries after discharging, insulation resistance values of all the single batteries and temperature values of all the modules;
s2, respectively comparing the standing voltage value after the discharge of each battery cell is finished, and comparing the insulation resistance value of each battery cell with the temperature value of the comparison module;
and S3, judging whether the battery pack has faults or not according to the comparison result and processing the faults.
2. The method for determining, analyzing and processing the battery fault of the power battery pack of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S3 specifically includes:
and S31, after the discharge of each battery monomer is finished, the standing voltage value is continuously reduced, the insulation resistance value of each battery monomer is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, the duration time is longer than 2S, and the temperature value of each module is abnormal in temperature rise, so that the battery pack is judged to have the water inlet reason, have the thermal runaway ablation risk, immediately carry out the air space standing treatment on the vehicle, and prepare for fire extinguishing at any time.
3. The method for determining, analyzing and processing the battery fault of the power battery pack of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S3 specifically further includes:
and S32, after the discharge of each single battery is finished, the standing voltage value is continuously reduced, the insulation resistance value of each single battery is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, the duration time is longer than 2S, and the temperature value of each module is not abnormal in temperature rise, so that the battery pack is judged to have liquid leakage or water inlet faults, the battery pack is subjected to unpacking inspection, and the battery pack is replaced.
4. The method for determining, analyzing and processing the battery fault of the power battery pack of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S3 specifically further includes:
and S33, after the discharge of each single battery is finished, the standing voltage value is continuously reduced, the insulation resistance value of each single battery is not abnormal, and the temperature value of each module is not abnormal, so that the battery pack is judged to have a short-circuit fault, the battery pack is subjected to unpacking inspection, and the fault module is replaced.
5. The method for determining, analyzing and processing the battery fault of the power battery pack of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S3 specifically further includes:
and S34, if the standing voltage value of each single battery is not abnormal after the discharge of each single battery is finished, the insulation resistance value of each single battery is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, the duration time is longer than 2S, and the temperature value of each module is not abnormal, the battery pack is judged to have a metal foreign matter fault, and the battery pack is subjected to unpacking inspection.
6. The method for determining, analyzing and processing the battery fault of the power battery pack of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S3 specifically further includes:
and S35, judging whether the battery pack is abnormal or not if the standing voltage value of each battery cell is not abnormal after the discharge of each battery cell is finished, the insulation resistance value of each battery cell is not abnormal, and the temperature value of each module is not abnormal.
7. The method for determining, analyzing and processing the battery fault of the power battery pack of the electric automobile according to claim 2, characterized in that: the recording step of the post-discharge rest voltage value of each battery cell in step S31 is as follows:
and recording the voltage value distribution curve of each parallel battery monomer which is kept still for 1h after the discharge of the battery pack is finished.
8. The method for determining, analyzing and processing the battery fault of the power battery pack of the electric automobile according to claim 2, characterized in that: the insulation resistance value of each battery cell in step S31 is recorded as follows:
and recording the distribution curve of the insulation resistance values of the single battery pack, and if the resistance value is less than or equal to the threshold value and the duration time is more than 2s, judging that the battery pack has insulation faults.
9. The method for determining, analyzing and processing the battery fault of the power battery pack of the electric automobile according to claim 2, characterized in that: the temperature values of the modules in the S31 are abnormal in temperature rise, and specifically include:
and recording the distribution curve of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery pack module, wherein the curve shows a rapid rising trend, and judging that the temperature value has abnormal temperature rise.
CN202111033125.0A 2021-09-03 2021-09-03 Battery fault judgment analysis processing method for power battery pack of electric automobile Pending CN113782849A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201781037U (en) * 2010-08-24 2011-03-30 扬州飞驰动力科技有限公司 Battery management system of electric automobile
CN103454498A (en) * 2013-08-08 2013-12-18 许继集团有限公司 Insulation detection method of electric vehicle power battery pack
CN103730700A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-04-16 天津力神电池股份有限公司 Determining and treating methods of power cell system for sampling harness faults
JP2014240807A (en) * 2013-06-12 2014-12-25 三菱自動車工業株式会社 Battery pack abnormality determination apparatus
CN107153162A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-09-12 山东大学 A kind of power battery pack multiple faults on-line detecting system and method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201781037U (en) * 2010-08-24 2011-03-30 扬州飞驰动力科技有限公司 Battery management system of electric automobile
JP2014240807A (en) * 2013-06-12 2014-12-25 三菱自動車工業株式会社 Battery pack abnormality determination apparatus
CN103454498A (en) * 2013-08-08 2013-12-18 许继集团有限公司 Insulation detection method of electric vehicle power battery pack
CN103730700A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-04-16 天津力神电池股份有限公司 Determining and treating methods of power cell system for sampling harness faults
CN107153162A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-09-12 山东大学 A kind of power battery pack multiple faults on-line detecting system and method

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