CN113779768A

CN113779768A - Model construction method, electronic device, and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN113779768A
Application number: CN202110938227.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贺元康; 丁涛; 鞠畅; 刘瑞丰; 李焰; 曾子彧; 陈天恩
Original assignee: Northwest Branch Of State Grid Corp Of China; Xian Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Northwest Branch Of State Grid Corp Of China; Xian Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2021-08-16
Filing date: 2021-08-16
Publication date: 2021-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-16
Also published as: CN113779768B

Abstract

The invention provides a model construction method, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: respectively acquiring reducible water load constraint conditions, translatable water load constraint conditions and convertible water load constraint conditions; respectively constructing a reducible water load model, a translatable water load model and a convertible water load model based on the reducible water load constraint condition, the translatable water load constraint condition and the convertible water load constraint condition. The scheme can effectively utilize the flexibility adjusting potential of the water and electric load side in the step hydropower system, and the peak-valley mutual assistance between the water load and the electric load is realized, so that the step hydropower short-term scheduling plan considering the running benefits of the electric power system and the water conservancy system is favorably formulated.

Description

Model construction method, electronic device, and storage medium

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy, and particularly relates to a model construction method, electronic equipment and a storage medium.

Background

With the development and utilization of water energy resources and the continuous development of cascade development of hydropower, thirteen hydropower bases planned in China gradually form the situation of cascade hydropower group combined dispatching. In order to improve the scientific development and reasonable utilization level of water energy resources and improve the comprehensive benefits of water and electricity, a cascade water and electricity optimization scheduling theory based on operational research is proposed and continuously developed. However, with the continuous improvement of the new energy permeability, the optimal scheduling from the power supply side only cannot adapt to a new power system mainly using new energy, and the peak regulation pressure and the new energy consumption pressure of the system are increased continuously. With the development of social economy, the problem of short-term water shortage in the water consumption peak period is also urgently needed to be solved. The step hydroelectric system has huge water and electricity utilization requirements, and the response potential of the water and electricity utilization requirement side is fully developed from the water and electricity utilization load side of the step hydroelectric system, so that the coordinated development of an electric power system and a water conservancy system is facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a model building method, an electronic device, and a storage medium, which can facilitate making a short-term dispatch plan of a cascade hydropower system that takes operation benefits of an electric power system and a water conservancy system into consideration.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the embodiments of the present application are implemented as follows:

in a first aspect, the present application provides a responsive water usage load model construction method, wherein the responsive water usage load comprises a reducible water usage load, a translatable water usage load and a convertible water usage load; the method comprises the following steps:

respectively acquiring reducible water load constraint conditions, translatable water load constraint conditions and convertible water load constraint conditions;

respectively constructing a reducible water load model, a translatable water load model and a convertible water load model based on the reducible water load constraint condition, the translatable water load constraint condition and the convertible water load constraint condition.

In one embodiment, the water load constraints may be curtailed, including:

wherein, W_cut,i(t) represents the supply water flow at time t after the water load of the reservoir i is reduced;

indicating the water supply flow at the time t before the water load of the reservoir i is reduced; Δ W_cut,i(t) represents the reduction of the water load of the reservoir i at the time t; z is a radical of_cut,i(t) is a value indicating that the reservoir i is at time tWhether a 0-1 variable of water load reduction exists;

and

respectively representing the minimum and maximum water use load reduction of the reservoir i;

and represents a set of time periods in which the water load can be reduced.

In one embodiment, the translatable water load constraints comprise:

wherein, W_shift,i(t) represents the supply water flow at time t after the water load for reservoir i has been translated;

representing the water supply flow at time t before the water load translation for the reservoir i;

and

respectively representing the water load of the moving-out and moving-in of the reservoir i at the moment t;

and

respectively representing whether the water load of the reservoir i is moved out or moved in at the moment t or not;

and

respectively representing the minimum and maximum water load translation amount of the reservoir i; [ c ] is^-,d^-]And [ c)⁺,d⁺]Respectively representing the time periods of shifting out and shifting in with the water load;

representing a set of translatable epochs of water load.

In one embodiment, the water load constraints may be transformed, including:

wherein e is_con(t) and w_con(t) each is a variable of 0 to 1 indicating whether or not electricity/water is selected to bear the convertible load at time t; p_con,j(t) represents the active power demand at time t after the node j converts the electrical load;

representing the active power demand of the node j at the moment t before the conversion of the electrical load; w_con,i(t) represents the water supply flow at time t after the water load of the reservoir i is converted;

representing the water supply flow at the time t before the water load of the reservoir i is converted; kappa_wDenotes the conversion factor, κ, for converting the water load into the electrical load_eThe conversion coefficient is used for converting the electric load into the water load;

a set representing a reservoir group;

representing a collection of network nodes.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for constructing a cascade hydropower dispatching model, including:

constructing a water quantity balance constraint condition based on the responsive water load model constructed by the responsive water load model construction method in the first aspect;

and constructing a cascade hydropower dispatching model based on the water balance constraint condition.

In one embodiment, the water balance constraint comprises:

wherein, V_i(t) represents the reservoir capacity of the hydroelectric power station i at time t; s_i(t) represents the reservoir overflow rate of the hydroelectric power station i at time t; r is_i(t) the natural warehousing flow of the hydroelectric power station i at the moment t is shown, and the numerical value of the natural warehousing flow needs to be determined according to runoff prediction; t is t_iThe time required for the water flow to flow from the hydroelectric power station i to the hydroelectric power station i +1, namely the water flow time delay, is represented, and the water flow time delay is subjected to numerical normalization processing according to delta t; w_i(t) shows the reservoir water load at time t for hydroelectric power station i, including the base reservoir water load W_base,i(t) supply water flow W at time t after reduction of water load for reservoir i_cut,i(t) water supply flow W at time t after translation of water load for reservoir i_shift,i(t) and the supply water flow W at time t after conversion of the water load for reservoir i_con,i(t)；

Wherein, W_i(t)＝W_base,i(t)+W_cut,i(t)+W_shift,i(t)+W_con,i(t)

In a third aspect, the application provides a joint dispatching model construction method, which is applied to a water-fire-new energy joint system, and the method includes:

based on the responsive water load model constructed by the responsive water load model construction method in the first aspect, an objective function is constructed:

wherein C represents the comprehensive operation cost of the water-fire-new energy combined system in a dispatching period; c_T,i(t) represents the coal consumption cost of the thermal generator set i in the time period t; c_Y,i(t) represents the deep peak shaving cost of the thermal generator set i in the time period t; c_RN(t) represents the total cost of the system for the wind, light energy abandonment at time t; c_comRepresents the compensation cost for the responsive water and electricity loads;

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

representing a load response compensation cost coefficient, and respectively corresponding to an electric load and a water load when the superscript n is e and w; when subscript m is 1, 2 and 3, load capable of being reduced, load capable of being translated and load capable of being translated respectively correspond to the subscript m; delta P_cut,j(t) represents the reduction amount of the electrical load of the node j at the time t; y is_cut,j(t) a variable 0-1 indicating whether or not the node j has an electrical load reduction at time t;

indicating whether a node j has a 0-1 variable shifted in by the electric load at the moment t;

representing the power load of the node j moved in at the time t; p_con,j(t) represents the active power demand at time t after the node j converts the electrical load;

representing the active power demand of the node j at the moment t before the conversion of the electrical load; Δ W_cut,i(t) represents the reduction of the water load of the reservoir i at the time t; z is a radical of_cut,i(t) is a variable of 0 to 1 indicating whether or not there is a water use load reduction in the reservoir i at time t;

representing the water load of the reservoir i moving in at the moment t;

a variable 0-1 indicating whether the water load of the reservoir i is shifted in at the time t; w_con,i(t) represents the water supply flow at time t after the water load of the reservoir i is converted;

representing the water supply flow at the time t before the water load of the reservoir i is converted;

and constructing a joint scheduling model based on the objective function.

In one embodiment, the power transmission line and node constraint of the joint scheduling model includes:

wherein, P_load,i(t) represents the active power absorbed by the load at point i at time t, including the base electrical load P_base,j(t) reduction of the electric load P_cut,j(t) translatable Electrical load P_shift,j(t) and a convertible electric load P_con,j(t)；

Wherein, P_Hload,j(t)＝P_base,j(t)+P_cut,j(t)+P_shift,j(t)+P_con,j(t)

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor when executing the program implementing a responsive water usage load model building method as in the first aspect and/or a cascaded hydro-electric dispatch model building method as in the second aspect and/or a joint dispatch model building method as in the third aspect.

In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a responsive water usage load model construction method as in the first aspect and/or a cascaded hydro-power dispatch model construction method as in the second aspect and/or a joint dispatch model construction method as in the third aspect.

As can be seen from the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present specification, the solution constructs a reducible water load model, a translatable water load model, and a convertible water load model, respectively, based on the acquired reducible water load constraint condition, translatable water load constraint condition, and convertible water load constraint condition. The scheme can flexibly adjust the water consumption load through the reducible and translatable characteristics of the water consumption demand so as to relieve the problems of insufficient water delivery capacity and the like in the water consumption peak period; the convertible water-electricity load response utilizes the coupling characteristics of water and electricity demand, and realizes the conversion of electricity and water demand by an energy source substitution mode, so as to relieve the peak load regulation pressure of the power system and promote the consumption of new energy. The method and the device can effectively utilize the flexibility adjustment potential of the water and the electric load side in the step hydropower system, and the peak-valley mutual assistance between the water load and the electric load is realized, so that the step hydropower short-term scheduling plan taking the running benefits of the electric power system and the water conservancy system into consideration can be favorably formulated.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present specification, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a responsive water usage model construction method provided herein;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a responsive water load model building apparatus provided in the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present specification, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present specification without any inventive step should fall within the scope of protection of the present specification.

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the application. Other embodiments will be apparent to the skilled person from the description of the present application. The specification and examples are exemplary only.

As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.

In the present application, "parts" are in parts by mass unless otherwise specified.

The concept of "load" is widely used in the power industry, with electrical load referring to the electrical power drawn from the power system by an electrical energy consumer at a certain moment. Similarly, a definition of the water load can be given, namely: the water flow that the user took from the water conservancy system is supplied with water at a certain moment. Similar to electrical loads, to excavate the demand side response potential of water loads, water loads can be divided into base and responsive water loads. The basic water load refers to the necessary water load for production and life of users, the required water supply guarantee rate is high, and the water using time and the water using flow cannot be changed or replaced so as not to participate in the response of a demand side; the responsive water load can adjust the water demand according to the market, policy and the like, and is a flexible adjustment resource on the demand side. A refined classification and modeling of the responsive electricity and water usage loads is shown below.

The responsive electrical loads include reducible electrical loads, translatable electrical loads, and convertible electrical loads, corresponding to the reduction in the amount of load demand, the time shifting of load demand, and the energy substitution of load demand, respectively.

The curtailable electrical load refers to a type of load that allows a certain degree of interruption and curtailment of the electrical power supply during the peak of the electrical load to reduce the system stress of the peak of the electrical load, such as the electrical load of an air conditioner, a refrigerator, and the like. Considering the satisfaction degree of the electric energy user and the influence of the reduction of the electric load on the operation of the electric power system, the reducible time period and the reduction scale of the electric load are limited, and the reducible electric load model is as follows:

wherein, P_cut,j(t) represents the active power demand at time t after the electrical load of node j is reduced;

representing the active power demand of the node j at the moment t before the electrical load is reduced; delta P_cut,j(t) represents a sectionThe reduction amount of the electric load at the point j at the moment t; y is_cut,j(t) is a variable 0-1 indicating whether or not there is a reduction in electrical load at time t;

and

respectively representing the minimum and maximum electric load reduction of the node j;

represents a set of total time periods;

the time period in which the electrical load can be reduced is set.

A translatable electrical load refers to a type of load that allows for the translation of the supply of electrical power from an electrical load peak period to an electrical load valley period, while the total amount of load remains unchanged to achieve peak clipping and valley filling of the load curve, such as an electrical load of a washing machine or the like. Considering the satisfaction degree of the electric energy user, the translatable time period and the translation scale of the translatable electric load need to be limited, and the model of the translatable electric load is as follows:

wherein, P_shift,j(t) represents the active power demand at time t after the electrical load translation of node j;

representing the active power demand of the node j at the moment t before the electric load translation;

and

respectively representing the power loads of the node j shifted out and shifted in at the moment t;

and

is a variable 0-1 which respectively represents whether the node j has the electric load shift-out and shift-in at the moment t;

and

respectively representing the minimum and maximum translation quantities of the electrical load of the node j;[a^-,b^-]and [ a ]⁺,b⁺]Respectively representing the time periods of shifting out and shifting in of the electric load;

representing a collection of time periods during which the electrical load is translatable.

Similar to the responsive electrical load, the responsive water load includes a curtailable water load, a translatable water load, and a convertible water load, corresponding to a usage curtailment of the load demand, a time shift of the load demand, and an energy replacement of the load demand, respectively. The water use load that can be reduced and the water use load that can be translated are collectively referred to as an adjustable water use load.

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of a responsive water usage load model building method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

As shown in fig. 1, the responsive water load model building method may include:

s110, respectively acquiring a reducible water load constraint condition, a translatable water load constraint condition and a convertible water load constraint condition;

and S120, respectively constructing a reducible water load model, a translatable water load model and a convertible water load model based on the reducible water load constraint condition, the translatable water load constraint condition and the convertible water load constraint condition.

Specifically, the reducible water load refers to a type of load that allows a certain degree of interruption and reduction of water supply over a certain period of time, to alleviate problems such as insufficient water delivery capacity and excessive reservoir water level fluctuation during peak periods of water use. Considering the satisfaction degree of the water supply user, the reducible time period and the reducible scale of the reducible water load are limited, and the reducible water load constraint conditions are as follows:

indicating the water supply flow at the time t before the water load of the reservoir i is reduced; Δ W_cut,i(t) represents the reduction of the water load of the reservoir i at the time t; z is a radical of_cut,i(t) a variable 0-1 indicating whether or not there is a water use load reduction in the reservoir i at time t;

and

and represents a set of time periods in which the water load can be reduced.

Translatable water load refers to a type of load that allows the supply of water to be translated from peak load periods to trough load periods, while the total amount of water used remains unchanged, to achieve peak clipping and trough filling of the water load curve. Considering the satisfaction degree of the water supply user, the translatable time period and the translation scale of the translatable water load are limited, and the translatable water load constraint conditions are as follows:

and

and

respectively indicating whether the reservoir i has a variable of 0-1 for moving out and moving in the water load at the time t;

and

representing a set of translatable epochs of water load.

The power utilization and water utilization loads of the user side can not only participate in the flexible adjustment of the system in a mode of consumption reduction and time transfer, but also can convert the loads to be occupied in a mode of energy source substitution and couple the power utilization and water utilization requirements, so that the flexible adjustment capability of the load side is greatly improved. Convertible electrical and convertible water loads allow for conversion of electricity and water demand without impacting user energy demand, e.g., coal power plants consume large amounts of water for cooling purposes, while cooling water may be recycled to reduce its water demand by consuming electricity. For an electric power system and a water conservancy system, the mutual conversion of electricity and water loads can realize the mutual compensation between the peak and the valley of energy. The convertible electric load and the convertible water load are in a complementary relationship, and a user only needs to select one energy source for utilization. The convertible water load constraints are as follows:

represents a group of reservoir groups.

According to the embodiment of the application, the water consumption load can be flexibly adjusted through the reducible and translatable characteristics of the water consumption demand, so that the problems of insufficient water delivery capacity and the like in the water consumption peak period are solved; the convertible water-electricity load response utilizes the coupling characteristics of water and electricity demand, and realizes the conversion of electricity and water demand by an energy source substitution mode, so as to relieve the peak load regulation pressure of the power system and promote the consumption of new energy. The method and the device can effectively utilize the flexibility adjustment potential of the water and the electric load side in the step hydropower system, and the peak-valley mutual assistance between the water load and the electric load is realized, so that the step hydropower short-term scheduling plan taking the running benefits of the electric power system and the water conservancy system into consideration can be favorably formulated.

The embodiment of the application starts from the water and power load sides, and the water load is classified and modeled in a refined mode, so that the response potential of the load side is fully excavated, the water load peak can be reduced, the peak valley difference is reduced, and the problems of insufficient water delivery capacity and overlarge reservoir water level fluctuation and the like in the water load peak period are effectively solved.

The embodiment of the application fully excavates the coupling characteristic of water and power demand, greatly improves the flexible adjusting capacity of the load side, can effectively realize peak clipping and valley filling of a power load curve, and is favorable for reducing the peak clipping pressure of a system and promoting new energy consumption.

In one embodiment, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for building a stepped hydropower scheduling model, which may include:

constructing a water quantity balance constraint condition based on the responsive water load model constructed by the responsive water load model construction method;

Specifically, a cascade hydroelectric group comprising N hydroelectric power stations is considered, and the cascade hydroelectric group is numbered as follows according to the altitude from high to low

Meanwhile, the scheduling planning period T is divided into time intervals of delta T

The cascade hydropower dispatching model comprises a hydroelectric power generation model, a cascade coupling model and comprehensive water use requirements.

(1) Hydroelectric power generation model

The generated power of the hydroelectric power station is a nonlinear function consisting of the efficiency of a water turbine, the efficiency of a generator, the drainage rate of the water turbine and the water head, namely a hydroelectric power generation function. The water turbine drainage refers to water flow discharged after the guide vanes are pushed to enable the water turbine rotating wheel to rotate, and the water head refers to a difference value between a reservoir water level and a tail water level. The generated power of the hydroelectric power station i at the time t can be represented by the following function, namely the hydroelectric power generation function:

wherein, P_H,i(t) represents the active power output of the hydroelectric power station i at time t; ρ represents the density of water; g represents the gravitational acceleration; h is_i(t) represents the head of the hydroelectric power plant i at time t; q. q.s_i(t) represents the turbine discharge rate at time t for the hydroelectric power plant i; eta_t,i(t,h_i(t),q_i(t)) shows the head h at time t of the hydroelectric power station i_i(t) and turbine discharge rate q_i(t) turbine efficiency; eta_g,iRepresenting the generator efficiency of the hydroelectric power plant i.

Limited by the drainage rate, head and hydroelectric set specifications, hydroelectric power stations have minimum and maximum output constraints, expressed as follows:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

and

representing the minimum and maximum active power output of the hydroelectric power plant i, respectively. The minimum active output is taken as the guaranteed output of the hydropower station, and the maximum active output is taken as the total installed capacity of the hydropower station.

Similarly, due to the technical condition limitation of the hydro-generator set, the water discharge rate of the water turbine is also limited by an upper limit and a lower limit, as shown in formula (28). In order to take into account the functions of both the interest of the reservoir and the flood control, the reservoir water level has the limiting requirements of dead water level, normal water storage level, check flood level and the like, so the water head should satisfy the constraint of the formula (29).

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

and

respectively representing the minimum and maximum turbine discharge rates of the hydroelectric power station i;

and

respectively representing the minimum water head and the maximum water head of the hydroelectric power station i, wherein the minimum water head is the water head below the dead water level of the reservoir, and the maximum water head is the water head below the normal water storage level, the flood control limit water level or the check flood level of the reservoir according to the flood control requirement.

It is worth mentioning that the proposed model ignores the tail water effect, that is, the corresponding relation between the tail water level and the flow at the section is not considered, but the changed tail water level is simplified and considered as the average tail water level for modeling. Thus, the head is also reduced to the difference between the reservoir level and the mean tail level.

Compared with the traditional thermal generator set, the hydroelectric generator set can better undertake the tasks of peak shaving, frequency modulation, load standby, accident standby and the like of a power system, and one of the main reasons is that the hydroelectric generator set can be started and stopped quickly, the output can be flexibly adjusted, and the quick response to the load change is realized. Therefore, the climbing constraint of the hydroelectric power station is introduced, and the climbing capacity of the hydroelectric generating set is assumed to be the same, and the climbing constraint is expressed as follows:

wherein λ is_H,iAnd the climbing capacity of a hydroelectric generating set of the hydroelectric power station i is expressed in MW/h.

The load backup should also be taken into consideration in day-ahead scheduling to bear short-time load fluctuation and unplanned load increase and decrease, quickly make up for power shortage and ensure safe and stable operation of the power system. The redundancy provided by the hydroelectric power plant also needs to meet non-negative constraints. The specific expression is as follows:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

and

respectively representing the up-regulation rotation reserve capacity and the down-regulation rotation reserve capacity provided by the hydroelectric power station i at the moment t;

and

respectively representing the up-regulation and down-regulation rotational reserve requirements of the system that the hydroelectric system should undertake at time t.

In addition, as the rotation backup, the sum of the load backup and the generated power of the hydropower station should be constrained within the range of the minimum output and the maximum output of the power station unit, as shown in formula (34) and formula (35), respectively:

(2) step coupling model

For the cascade hydropower station group, the cascade coupling can be modeled through a water balance equation, and the water turbine drainage and reservoir overflow of the upstream hydropower station flow into the reservoir of the downstream hydropower station after a period of time, so that the hydraulic coupling is formed. The water balance equation comprises variables including reservoir capacity, water turbine discharge rate, reservoir overflow rate and natural inflow rate of the reservoir. The constraints of the water balance equations for the most upstream hydropower stations and other hydropower stations are shown as equations (36) and (37), respectively.

Similar to the limitation that the reservoir water level has the dead water level and the like, the reservoir capacity of the hydropower station also has the limitation requirements of dead capacity, prosperous capacity, total capacity and the like, and the constraint of the formula (39) is satisfied. In addition, the reservoir capacity of the hydropower station reservoir is also constrained by a dispatching initial value and a dispatching final value, which are shown as a formula (40) and a formula (41).

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

and

respectively representing the minimum and maximum reservoir capacity of the hydroelectric power station i, wherein the minimum reservoir capacity is taken as the dead reservoir capacity, and the maximum reservoir capacity is taken as the maximum water head

And (4) corresponding storage capacity.

The overflow is water that is discharged directly through the flood discharge facility without passing through a hydraulic turbine and therefore cannot be utilized by a hydroelectric power generation system to generate electricity, and the overflow rate of hydroelectric power station reservoirs is limited by the discharge capacity of the flood discharge facility. In addition, overflow can only occur when the reservoir capacity reaches the specified upper limit of the reservoir capacity, so that the water energy resource can be fully utilized. The above requirements are expressed by the formulas (42) and (43), respectively.

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

representing the maximum reservoir overflow rate of the hydroelectric power plant i.

Head h_i(t) and storage volume V_iThe mapping of (t) is a tie linking the hydro-power generation model and the cascade coupling model, and this mapping constructs the association of equation (26) with equation (36) (37). For most reservoirs, the mapping of head to reservoir capacity needs to be determined from research investigations regarding reservoir topography and is often highly non-linear, expressed as follows:

(3) comprehensive water requirement

Besides the requirements on hydroelectric power generation and cascade coupling, engineering practice also puts requirements on optimal scheduling of cascade hydropower in the aspects of flood control and slush control, agricultural and industrial water supply, shipping, environmental ecology and the like.

Due to the comprehensive utilization requirements of irrigation, water supply, shipping and the like, the reservoir of the hydropower station has the outlet flow limitation, and the constraint formula is as follows:

wherein Q is_i(t) represents the minimum export flow required for the combined use downstream of the hydroelectric power plant i at the time t.

In addition, shipping safety has a requirement on the daily variation range of the discharge flow of the upstream reservoir, and is generally limited by the hourly variation range of the discharge flow, as shown in the formula (46) and the formula (47).

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

representing the maximum ex-warehouse flow daily variation of the downstream shipping safety requirement of the hydroelectric power station i;

the maximum ex-warehouse flow representing the safety requirement of the downstream shipping of the hydroelectric power station i changes in amplitude per hour.

The factors required for flood control and ice control have already passed through in formula (39)

Items are considered and will not be described in detail.

In one embodiment, the present application provides a joint scheduling model construction method, which is applied to a water-fire-new energy joint system, and the method may include:

constructing an objective function based on the responsive water load model constructed by the responsive water load model construction method provided by the embodiment;

and constructing a joint scheduling model based on the objective function.

Specifically, the cascade hydroelectric model established in the embodiment is coupled into a power grid for analysis, and a water-fire-new energy system is modeled, wherein the modeling comprises modeling of a thermal power part, a new energy power generation part, a power transmission line and a node part. Wherein the thermal power generation set is numbered as

Numbering photovoltaic power generation systems as

Wind mixingThe number of the power generation unit is

Numbering nodes in an electrical power network as

Numbering the branches in the power network as

Finally, the scheduling planning period T is divided into time intervals of delta T

And then, from the perspective of the water-fire-new energy system as a whole, establishing a comprehensive cost minimum model for minimizing the system operation cost on the basis of maximizing the renewable energy consumption.

(1) Thermal power generation model

Each thermal generator set has the constraint of minimum and maximum output, which is represented as follows, limited by the technical conditions of the set, the thermal load requirement and the like:

in the formula: p_T,i(t) represents the active power output of the thermal generator set i at the moment t;

and

respectively representing the minimum and maximum active output of the thermal generator set i. The minimum active output is the minimum technical output when the thermal generator set does not throw oil, and the maximum active output is the installed capacity of the thermal generator set.

Similar to hydroelectric power stations, thermal power generating units should also provide some rotational redundancy, and also respond to various changes in the power system and ensure safe and stable operation of the power system. The redundancy provided by the units also needs to meet non-negative constraints. The specific expression is as follows:

in the formula:

and

respectively representing the up-regulation rotation reserve capacity and the down-regulation rotation reserve capacity provided by the thermal generator set i at the time t;

and

respectively representing the up-regulation rotation standby requirement and the down-regulation rotation standby requirement of the system which should be borne by the thermal power system at the moment t.

The sum of the rotating reserve capacity and the active power output should be constrained within the range of the minimum and maximum output of the thermal power generating unit, as shown in equations (52) and (53), respectively:

the thermal generator set needs to adjust the output of the thermal generator set in real time to balance the power fluctuation of the system, and particularly in a system with high wind and light energy permeability, the thermal generator set often needs to adjust the output rapidly to deal with the sudden change of the wind and light energy output, so that the stable operation of the system is guaranteed, and a digestion space is provided for new energy. Therefore, the climbing constraint of the thermal generator set is introduced, and the climbing capacity of the thermal generator set is assumed to be the same, and the climbing constraint is expressed as follows:

in the formula: l_T,iAnd the climbing capacity of the thermal generator set i is expressed in MW/h.

And when the thermal generator set operates in a steady state, the coal consumption cost of the operation of the thermal generator set can be calculated through the fuel consumption characteristics of the thermal generator set. The consumption characteristic of a thermal generator set is generally approximately expressed by a quadratic function:

in the formula: c_T,i(t) represents the coal consumption cost of the thermal generator set i in the time period t; a is_i、b_i、g_iAnd (4) representing the consumption coefficient of the thermal generator set i.

The deep peak regulation of the thermal generator set refers to that when a peak regulation notch exists in an electric power system, in order to maintain stable and reliable operation of the system and promote new energy consumption, the output of the thermal generator set can be lower than the minimum technical output when oil is not injected by injecting oil and stabilizing combustion

The operation mode of (1). The cost of deep peak shaving is the fuel oil cost, and the fuel oil cost is obviously higher than the coal consumption cost, and the value of the fuel oil cost is related to the peak shaving depth:

in the formula: c_Y,i(t) represents the deep peak shaving cost of the thermal generator set i in the time period t; y is_i(t) represents the peak shaving depth of the thermal generator set i in the time period t, namely the reduction value of the actual output relative to the minimum technical output when oil is not thrown; y represents Y_i(t) and C_Y,i(t) functional relationship between (a) and (b).

Besides the minimum technical output when oil is not thrown, the thermal power generating unit also has the minimum technical output when oil can be thrown, namely when the output of the unit is lower than the value, the stable operation of the unit can not be ensured even if oil is thrown for combustion supporting. Therefore, the peak shaving depth of the thermal generator set has a limitation requirement:

in the formula:

and (3) representing the maximum peak regulation depth of the thermal generator set i, wherein the numerical value of the maximum peak regulation depth is related to the technical conditions of the thermal generator set.

Considering that the lower limit of the power output of the thermal power plant unit changes after the deep peak shaving of the thermal power plant unit, it is necessary to correct equations (48) and (52):

(2) new energy power generation model

With the continuous increase of new energy installation, the consumption capacity of the power grid to new energy is gradually insufficient, and the phenomena of wind and light abandonment are increasingly serious. The actual output of the new energy is equal to the available output minus the abandoned output, and when the new energy is completely abandoned, the actual output is the available output; when the system flexibility is seriously insufficient, and the new energy is completely abandoned, the actual output is 0.

In the formula:

and

respectively representing the actual active output of the photovoltaic power generation system i and the wind generating set i at the moment t; p_PV,i(t) and P_Wind,i(t) respectively representing the available active output of the photovoltaic power generation system i and the wind generating set i at the moment t, wherein the numerical values of the available active output need to be determined according to research on wind and solar power generation prediction; CR_PV,i(t) and CR_Wind,iAnd (t) respectively representing the energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic power generation system i and the wind generating set i at the moment t.

(3) Transmission line and node constraints

When network loss is ignored, the sum of the active power output of the hydraulic power station and the thermal power generator set and the actual active power output of the new energy generator set in the system and the total active load borne by the system keep power balance:

in the formula: p_load,i(t) indicates at time t sectionActive power absorbed by the load at point i, including the base electrical load P_base,j(t) reduction of the electric load P_cut,j(t) translatable Electrical load P_shift,j(t) and a convertible electric load P_con,j(t)。

In the power network, the active power generated by the generator at each node comprises the active power output of the hydroelectric power station and the thermal power generator set at the node and the actual active power output of the new energy generator set:

in the formula:

representing the active power generated by the generator at time t node i;

and

and the system respectively represents a set formed by a hydroelectric power station, a thermal generator set, a photovoltaic power generation system and a wind generating set of the access node i.

And performing approximate calculation of active power distribution in the system by using a direct current power flow method. Firstly, the voltage phase angle of each node is calculated through a relational expression between the node injection active power and the voltage phase angle, as shown in formula (67). The active power injected by the node comprises active power generated by a generator on the node and active power absorbed by a load on the node.

In the formula: b is_busRepresenting a matrix B required by the direct current flow generated by a built-in makeBdc function of MATPOWER; q (t) represents a vector formed by voltage phase angles of nodes at the time t; p^inj(t) represents a vector formed by active power generated by the generator at each node at time t; p_load(t) represents the vector of the active power absorbed by the load at each node at time t.

Then, the active power flowing through each branch is calculated:

in the formula: p_f,l(t) represents the active power flowing on branch l at time t; Δ q of_l(t) represents the voltage phase angle difference of the nodes at both ends of branch l at time t; x is the number of_lRepresenting the reactance of branch i.

In addition, the active power flowing through each branch cannot exceed the maximum transmission capacity of the branch, as shown in equation (69):

in the formula:

representing the maximum transport capacity of branch i.

(4) Model objective function

In the actual operation process of the power system, when the consumption capacity of the power grid to new energy is insufficient, the phenomena of wind abandonment and light abandonment are caused, and therefore the waste of zero-carbon clean energy is caused. Therefore, various flexible resources in the system should be fully mobilized, and the abandon rate of wind and light energy sources is reduced as much as possible.

In order to better quantify the abandonment loss of renewable energy, the abandonment cost of the renewable energy is introduced, and the abandonment electric quantity of wind and light energy sources and the abandoned water quantity of a hydropower station are converted into economic indexes:

in the formula: c_RN(t) represents the total cost of the system for the wind, light energy abandonment at time t; m_PVThe abandon cost of unit abandoned light quantity is expressed, and the unit is ten thousand yuan/MWh; m_WindThe abandon cost of unit air abandon quantity is expressed, and the unit is ten thousand yuan/MWh; c_H(t) represents the total cost of disposal of the hydroelectric energy source in the system at time t; m_HThe abandon cost of unit water abandon quantity is expressed in ten thousand yuan/Mm³；

In the power market environment, from the perspective of the water-fire-new energy combined system as a whole, the goal of optimal scheduling is to maximize the total permeability of new energy while minimizing the total power generation cost of the system. Therefore, to comprehensively consider the cost of power generation and the cost of renewable energy reuse, the objective function is expressed as follows:

in the formula: c represents the comprehensive operation cost of the water-fire-new energy combined system in the dispatching period; c_T,i(t) represents the coal consumption cost of the thermal generator set i in the time period t; c_Y,i(t) represents the deep peak shaving cost of the thermal generator set i in the time period t; c_comRepresents the compensation cost for the responsive water and electricity loads.

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

representing a load response compensation cost coefficient, and respectively corresponding to an electric load and a water load when the superscript n is e and w; subscripts m 1, 2, and 3 correspond to reducible, translatable and translatable loads, respectively.

It is worth noting that in the water-rich period of the river basin, in order to reduce the overflow waste water of the reservoir of the hydropower station as much as possible, the consumption demand of the hydropower energy should be prior to the consumption demand of the wind energy and the light energy.

The synthetic cost minimum model is composed of an objective function formed by an equation (72) and a constraint condition formed by an equation (1) to an equation (69).

As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the present application further discloses a responsive water load model building apparatus 200, wherein the responsive water load includes a reducible water load, a translatable water load and a convertible water load; the method can comprise the following steps:

an obtaining module 210, configured to obtain a reducible water load constraint condition, a translatable water load constraint condition, and a convertible water load constraint condition, respectively;

a first construction module 220 for constructing a reducible water load model, a translatable water load model and a convertible water load model, respectively, based on the reducible water load constraint, the translatable water load constraint and the convertible water load constraint.

Optionally, water load constraints may be reduced, including:

wherein, W_cut,i(t) shows the water supply at time t after the water load of reservoir i is reducedFlow rate;

indicating the water supply flow at the time t before the water load of the reservoir i is reduced; Δ W_cut,i(t) represents the reduction of the water load of the reservoir i at the time t; z is a radical of_cut,i(t) is a variable of 0 to 1 indicating whether or not there is a water use load reduction in the reservoir i at time t;

and

and represents a set of time periods in which the water load can be reduced.

Optionally, the translatable water load constraint comprises:

and

and

and

indicating water loadA set of translatable epochs.

Optionally, the water load constraints may be transformed to include:

a set representing a reservoir group;

representing a collection of network nodes.

The responsive water load model building device provided by this embodiment can execute the embodiments of the above method, and the implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and are not described herein again.

The embodiment of the application also discloses a device for constructing the cascade hydroelectric dispatching model, which can comprise:

the second construction module is used for constructing a water quantity balance constraint condition based on the responsive water load model constructed by the responsive water load model construction device;

and the third construction module is used for constructing a cascade hydropower dispatching model based on the water balance constraint condition.

Optionally, the water balance constraint condition includes:

Wherein, W_i(t)＝W_base,i(t)+W_cut,i(t)+W_shift,i(t)+W_con,i(t)

The device for constructing the cascade hydropower dispatching model provided by the embodiment can execute the embodiment of the method, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, and are not described herein again.

The embodiment of the application also provides a joint dispatching model building device, which is applied to a water-fire-new energy joint system, and the device can comprise:

the fourth construction module is used for constructing an objective function based on the responsive water load model constructed by the responsive water load model construction device:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

indicates whether the node j has the electric load shift at the time tThe variable 0 to 1;

representing the water load of the reservoir i moving in at the moment t;

and the fifth construction module is used for constructing a joint scheduling model based on the objective function.

Optionally, the power transmission line and node constraint of the joint scheduling model includes:

Wherein, P_Hload,j(t)＝P_base,j(t)+P_cut,j(t)+P_shift,j(t)+P_con,j(t)

The joint scheduling model building apparatus provided in this embodiment may implement the embodiments of the above method, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 300 suitable for implementing embodiments of the present application is shown.

As shown in fig. 3, the electronic apparatus 300 includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU)301 that can perform various appropriate actions and processes in accordance with a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM)302 or a program loaded from a storage section 308 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 303. In the RAM 303, various programs and data necessary for the operation of the apparatus 300 are also stored. The CPU 301, ROM 302, and RAM 303 are connected to each other via a bus 304. An input/output (I/O) interface 305 is also connected to bus 304.

The following components are connected to the I/O interface 305: an input portion 306 including a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; an output section 307 including a display such as a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and the like, and a speaker; a storage section 308 including a hard disk and the like; and a communication section 309 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, or the like. The communication section 309 performs communication processing via a network such as the internet. A drive 310 is also connected to the I/O interface 306 as needed. A removable medium 311 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like is mounted on the drive 310 as necessary, so that a computer program read out therefrom is mounted into the storage section 308 as necessary.

In particular, the process described above with reference to fig. 1 may be implemented as a computer software program, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program tangibly embodied on a machine-readable medium, the computer program comprising program code for performing the above responsive water load model building method and/or the cascaded hydro-electric dispatch model building method and/or the joint dispatch model building method. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network through the communication section 309, and/or installed from the removable medium 311.

The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.

The units or modules described in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by software or hardware. The described units or modules may also be provided in a processor. The names of these units or modules do not in some cases constitute a limitation of the unit or module itself.

The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. One typical implementation device is a computer. In particular, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a mobile phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.

As another aspect, the present application also provides a storage medium, which may be the storage medium contained in the foregoing device in the above embodiment; or may be a storage medium that exists separately and is not assembled into the device. The storage medium stores one or more programs for use by one or more processors in performing the responsive water load model construction method and/or the cascade hydro-electric dispatch model construction method and/or the joint dispatch model construction method described in the present application.

Storage media, including permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, may implement the information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.

It is to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.

Claims

1. A responsive water load model building method is characterized in that the responsive water load comprises reducible water load, translatable water load and convertible water load; the method comprises the following steps:

and respectively constructing a reducible water load model, a translatable water load model and a convertible water load model based on the reducible water load constraint condition, the translatable water load constraint condition and the convertible water load constraint condition.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the reducible water load constraint comprises:

and

and represents a set of time periods in which the water load can be reduced.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the translatable water load constraint comprises:

and

and

and

representing a set of translatable epochs of water load.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the convertible water load constraints comprise:

for indicating reservoir iThe water supply flow at time t before water load conversion; kappa_wDenotes the conversion factor, κ, for converting the water load into the electrical load_eThe conversion coefficient is used for converting the electric load into the water load;

a set representing a reservoir group;

representing a collection of network nodes.

5. A method for constructing a cascade hydropower dispatching model is characterized by comprising the following steps:

constructing a water balance constraint condition based on the responsive water load model constructed by the responsive water load model construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4;

and constructing the cascade hydropower dispatching model based on the water balance constraint condition.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the water balance constraint comprises:

wherein, V_i(t) represents the reservoir capacity of the hydroelectric power station i at time t; s_i(t) represents the reservoir overflow rate of the hydroelectric power station i at time t; r is_i(t) the natural warehousing flow of the hydroelectric power station i at the moment t is shown, and the numerical value of the natural warehousing flow needs to be determined according to runoff prediction; t is t_iRepresenting the time required for the flow of water from the hydroelectric power plant i to the hydroelectric power plant i +1, i.e. the water flow delay, to be numerically regulated by atChemical treatment; w_i(t) shows the reservoir water load at time t for hydroelectric power station i, including the base reservoir water load W_base,i(t) supply water flow W at time t after reduction of water load for reservoir i_cut,i(t) water supply flow W at time t after translation of water load for reservoir i_shift,i(t) and the supply water flow W at time t after conversion of the water load for reservoir i_con,i(t)；

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

7. a combined dispatching model construction method is applied to a water-fire-new energy combined system, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

constructing an objective function based on the responsive water load model constructed by the responsive water load model construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

representing a load response compensation cost coefficient, and respectively corresponding to an electric load and a water load when the superscript n is e and w; subscript m is 1,2. 3, respectively corresponding to the reducible load, the translatable load and the transferable load; delta P_cut,j(t) represents the reduction amount of the electrical load of the node j at the time t; y is_cut,j(t) a variable 0-1 indicating whether or not the node j has an electrical load reduction at time t;

representing the water load of the reservoir i moving in at the moment t;

and constructing the joint scheduling model based on the objective function.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the power transmission line and node constraints of the joint scheduling model comprise:

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

9. an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program implements a responsive water usage load model building method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 and/or a cascaded hydro-electric dispatch model building method as claimed in claim 5 or 6 and/or a joint dispatch model building method as claimed in claim 7 or 8.

10. A readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that the program, when being executed by a processor, implements a responsive water usage load model building method as defined in any one of claims 1-4 and/or a cascaded hydro-electric dispatch model building method as defined in claim 5 or 6 and/or a joint dispatch model building method as defined in claim 7 or 8.