CN113758375A - Double-cutting energy dissipation protective structure and energy dissipation bulletproof plate - Google Patents
Double-cutting energy dissipation protective structure and energy dissipation bulletproof plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113758375A CN113758375A CN202111127881.XA CN202111127881A CN113758375A CN 113758375 A CN113758375 A CN 113758375A CN 202111127881 A CN202111127881 A CN 202111127881A CN 113758375 A CN113758375 A CN 113758375A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
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- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
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- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-cutting energy dissipation protective structure, which belongs to the technical field of bulletproof protection and comprises an energy consumption column and an annular cutting column, wherein an annular groove is formed in the column top of the energy consumption column, the annular cutting column is inserted into the annular groove and forms a sealed filling cavity with the annular groove, non-Newtonian fluid is filled in the filling cavity, an energy absorption rod is arranged in the filling cavity, two ends of the energy absorption rod are fixedly connected with the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the filling cavity respectively, when the energy absorption rod is impacted, the annular cutting column can cut the energy absorption rod and the non-Newtonian fluid, and then the impact is greatly dissipated under the double-cutting energy consumption of the energy absorption rod and the non-Newtonian fluid; the energy-dissipation armor comprises an energy-absorbing panel and an energy-absorbing back plate, wherein the energy-absorbing panel is densely provided with annular cutting columns, the energy-absorbing back plate is densely provided with energy-dissipating columns, the energy-absorbing panel is fixedly connected with the energy-absorbing back plate, after the energy-absorbing panel is impacted by the projectile, the large impact caused by the projectile is greatly reduced by the double-cutting energy-dissipation protective structure, and then the projectile is prevented from passing through the energy-absorbing panel and the energy-absorbing back plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bulletproof protection, in particular to a double-cutting energy dissipation protective structure and an energy dissipation bulletproof plate.
Background
In modern high-tech wars, protection of people and equipment is more and more emphasized, and higher requirements are put on bulletproof materials, and the existing bulletproof equipment is usually manufactured by adopting a panel compounded by light new materials such as light alloy, ceramics, high-toughness textile fabrics and the like, for example, in the invention with the patent number of '201580071833. X', and the name of 'a bulletproof panel', a composite bulletproof panel is proposed, which comprises a ceramic panel, an epoxy resin impregnated fabric, three layers of phenolic resin impregnated aramid fabric laminated bodies and a bulletproof fabric back layer which are sequentially arranged, when the ceramic bulletproof panel is contacted with bullets or bullets, the ceramic bulletproof panel can be cracked into a plurality of pieces, the kinetic energy of the bullets can be dispersed onto the ceramic chip pieces and consumed, meanwhile, the tips of the bullets can be deformed into a mushroom shape or divided into a plurality of pieces, and then consumed and remained in the aramid fabric laminated bodies, the aramid fabric laminate has excellent characteristics of high strength, high elasticity and low shrinkage of fibers, and a 2 ton vehicle can be lifted by a 5mm thin cable, a bullet can be locked in the aramid fabric layer, and the strength of the ceramic plate panel can be remarkably improved under the adhesion of the aramid fabric layer, so that the ceramic plate panel is prevented from being easily broken.
However, the bulletproof panel can only be applied to protection of common bullets and cannot be applied to a vehicle chassis, because the vehicle chassis is usually attacked by high heat and low crack such as roadside bombs and mines during driving of the vehicle, the bulletproof panel mainly made of bulletproof fabrics is difficult to bear high-temperature heat waves brought by mines and easily burns at high temperature to lose effect, and meanwhile, the ceramic panel and the bulletproof fabrics are difficult to really resist strong impact from the bombs and the mines. The invention provides a novel bulletproof structure in the invention with the patent number of 202011495333.8 and the name of 'a novel bulletproof structure and manufacturing process', which comprises a base and an upper cover plate made of nylon short carbon fiber material, wherein a honeycomb cavity is arranged on the base, shear thickening liquid is filled in the honeycomb cavity, a layer of fiber cloth is laid on the honeycomb cavity, a layer of ceramic reinforcing plate is arranged on the fiber cloth, and the upper cover plate and the reinforcing plate are fixedly bonded; through reducing the use of weaving layer, avoided the shortcoming that traditional shellproof panel can not resist high temperature originally, utilize the gusset plate to play the rigidity guard action simultaneously, reduce the impact force and the painful sense of low-speed bullet, utilize the energy-absorbing and the power consumption characteristic of shear thickening liquid, absorb the impact that the low-speed bullet brought, fibre cloth flooding has shear thickening liquid laid above the honeycomb cavity, has strengthened the frictional force between the yarn, makes the bulletproof ability strengthen to some extent. However, when the novel bulletproof structure is impacted by a bomb, the reinforcing plate is integrally pressed to the base, and the shear thickening liquid is filled in the honeycomb structure, so that the reinforcing plate is firstly contacted with the honeycomb structure but not with the shear thickening liquid in the honeycomb structure, then the impact caused by the bomb is firstly transmitted to the integral base by virtue of the honeycomb structure, the energy absorption of the shear thickening liquid in the honeycomb structure is very limited, once the base is firstly deformed or even cracked under the impact, the shear thickening liquid can not play the energy absorption role, and therefore the novel bulletproof structure cannot meet the bomb impact with low crack and high impact.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a double-cutting energy dissipation protective structure and an energy dissipation bulletproof plate, when the energy dissipation bulletproof plate is impacted, an annular cutting column can be cut into an annular groove at the first time and acts on non-Newtonian fluid instead of impacting an energy dissipation column body, the effect of the non-Newtonian fluid is really exerted, meanwhile, an energy absorption rod is also used for cutting the annular cutting column, and under the double cutting effect of the energy absorption rod and the non-Newtonian fluid, the energy dissipation effect is greatly improved compared with that of a single thickening agent, so that the energy dissipation bulletproof plate adopting the double-cutting energy dissipation protective structure really resists the impact of high energy and low crack degree such as landmines, bombs and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a double-cutting energy dissipation protective structure which comprises an energy dissipation column and an annular cutting column, wherein an annular groove is formed in the top of the energy dissipation column, the annular cutting column is inserted into the annular groove and forms a sealed filling cavity with the annular groove, non-Newtonian fluid is filled in the filling cavity, an energy absorption rod capable of being cut off by the annular cutting column to dissipate energy is further arranged in the filling cavity, and two ends of the energy absorption rod are fixedly connected with the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the filling cavity respectively.
Preferably, the annular groove is a hexagonal ring groove.
Preferably, the energy dissipation column is a hexagonal column matched with the shape of the annular groove.
Preferably, the energy dissipation column and the annular cutting column are made of aluminum alloy materials.
The energy dissipation bulletproof plate comprises an energy absorption panel and an energy absorption backboard, wherein the energy absorption panel is densely provided with annular cutting columns, the energy absorption backboard is densely provided with energy dissipation columns, and the energy absorption panel is fixedly connected with the energy absorption backboard.
Preferably, the energy-absorbing panel and the energy-absorbing backboard are made of aluminum alloy materials.
Preferably, the energy-absorbing backboard comprises a protection plate fixedly connected to the energy-absorbing backboard, ceramic bulletproof plates are densely distributed between the protection plate and the energy-absorbing backboard, and the ceramic bulletproof plates are fixed on the protection plate.
Preferably, the shape of the ceramic ballistic resistant sheet is hexagonal.
Preferably, the protection plate is a metal ceramic composite material.
Preferably, the ceramic content of the guard plate is gradually increased from the side provided with the ceramic ballistic resistant sheet to the other side thereof.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the invention relates to a double-cutting energy dissipation protective structure, which adopts an annular cutting column and an energy dissipation column which are embedded mutually, wherein the annular cutting column is inserted into an annular groove on the energy dissipation column and forms a sealed filling cavity, non-Newtonian fluid and a plurality of energy absorption rods are filled in the filling cavity, when the energy dissipation column is impacted, the annular cutting column preferentially cuts the non-Newtonian fluid and the energy absorption rods but not the body structure of the energy dissipation column, the non-Newtonian fluid really plays a role in energy dissipation, when the energy absorption rods are sheared, the energy absorption columns are firstly subjected to plastic deformation, after the ultimate strength is exceeded, the energy absorption columns are sequentially sheared, a large amount of energy of an elastic core or a metal jet flow is absorbed and lost, meanwhile, a filler of the non-Newtonian fluid is quickly hardened and expanded under the impact of the energy absorption rods and the non-Newtonian fluid, and then a large amount of internal energy generated by impact is quickly dispersed under the joint energy dissipation of the cutting energy absorption rods and the cutting non-Newtonian fluid, compared with a single thickening agent, the energy consumption effect is greatly improved.
2. According to the invention, the energy consumption columns, the annular grooves and the annular cutting columns are all hexagons, the hexagons are the optimal topological structures covering a two-dimensional plane, when the energy consumption columns are used on a metal plane, the purpose of full paving can be met to the maximum extent, and the adjacent hexagons are mutually attached, so that when the energy consumption columns are arranged on the metal plane, no gap is generated between the adjacent energy consumption columns.
3. The energy dissipation armor adopts a double-cutting energy dissipation protective structure, when the energy absorption panel moves towards the energy absorption backboard when the shot and the metal jet impact the energy absorption panel, the annular cutting column on the back of the energy absorption panel and the energy dissipation column on the energy absorption backboard are firstly contacted, but the energy absorption panel is not contacted with the top of the energy dissipation column, so that the energy absorption rod and the non-Newtonian fluid can be cut at the first time, the energy dissipation effect is really played, and simultaneously, under the self hardness of the energy absorption panel and the energy absorption backboard, the shot is crushed or passivated and then is remained between the energy absorption panel and the energy absorption backboard, and the aim of preventing bullets is fulfilled.
4. According to the invention, the protection plate with the ceramic shrapnel-proof sheet is additionally arranged on the back surface of the energy-absorbing panel so as to further improve the protection and block the shots passing through the energy-absorbing backboard, thereby achieving the effect of thoroughly consuming energy; due to the unique advantages of the ceramic material in the aspects of hardness, compression strength, density and the like, the projectile can reach the yield stress and the damage ultimate strength to generate compression deformation and even fragmentation, the projectile speed is reduced, the ceramic anti-fragmentation sheet is fragmented greatly under the action of the projectile, a fragmentation ceramic fragment area with the contact point as the vertex and the diameter being enlarged continuously is formed finally to abrade the projectile body, the protection plate can absorb the residual kinetic energy of the projectile head and the ceramic fragments through compression, shearing, tensile deformation, interlayer layering and the like, and finally the penetration body projectile or metal jet stays in the protection plate.
5. The ceramic bulletproof piece is of a hexagonal structure, the hexagonal ceramic bulletproof piece can be attached to adjacent ceramic bulletproof pieces, gaps cannot be generated between the ceramic bulletproof pieces, a complete ceramic surface layer is formed, compared with a whole ceramic panel, the whole ceramic panel is strong in integrity, but the ceramic plate is seriously damaged after being struck by a bullet and can be broken into fragments with various sizes and shapes, most of the ceramic fragments cannot continuously play a role, so that the capability of resisting multiple strikes is weaker, the ceramic bulletproof piece is spliced into the complete spliced ceramic surface layer, after one ceramic bulletproof piece is damaged, the rest ceramic bulletproof pieces can play a bulletproof role, the ceramic surface layer can be quickly spliced and replaced, the performance of resisting multiple strikes is greatly improved, and the probability that the striking position falls into the central position of the ceramic bulletproof piece is increased due to the absence of splicing seams, thereby ensuring the anti-elasticity performance thereof.
6. The protection plate is made of the metal ceramic composite material, the metal ceramic composite material has high strength and good toughness, the superior performances of high hardness, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and penetration resistance of the ceramic material are reserved, the metal material has the characteristics of good plasticity and high tensile strength, the dual characteristics of the ceramic material and the metal material are realized, and the anti-elasticity performance of the protection plate can be greatly improved. Meanwhile, the high-temperature resistance of the bulletproof ceramic plate and the ceramic bulletproof plate play roles in fire prevention and heat insulation, and then the bulletproof ceramic plate can resist the high-heat hot wave impact caused by the landmine explosion.
7. The protection plate is a gradient ceramic-metal composite material with the ceramic content increasing in a gradient manner along with the thickness, compared with the traditional ceramic/metal double-layer protection, the protection plate has higher protection capability, the content of a ceramic phase changes in a gradient manner along the protection thickness direction, the elastic modulus, the yield strength, the tensile strength and the hardness of the composite material are also gradually reduced, the stress state of an interface under an impact load is obviously improved, the unique advantages of the ceramic and the metal are respectively exerted more efficiently, so that the residual kinetic energy of the projectile can be consumed to the maximum extent, and the damage of the projectile is reduced as far as possible.
8. The energy dissipation bulletproof plate is of a multi-element composite protective structure, gaps are inevitably generated among the energy absorption panel, the energy absorption backboard and the protective plate, the gaps enable shock waves to generate total reflection on the interface of the plate and air, so that the stress waves can not be transmitted to the protective material of the adjacent second plate theoretically, the shock energy is further consumed, and the air layer can play a heat insulation role compared with a metal material due to the existence of the air layer caused by the gaps, so that the fireproof and heat insulation roles are further played.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a double-cutting energy-dissipating protective structure;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an energy consuming column;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an energy consuming column;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an annular cutting post;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an energy dissipation bulletproof plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an energy absorbing panel having densely packed ring-shaped cutting pillars;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an energy absorbing backplate with energy dissipating pillars densely distributed thereon;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a protection plate densely provided with ceramic anti-shrapnel.
Description of reference numerals: 1. an energy absorbing panel; 2. an annular cutting post; 3. an energy absorbing backing plate; 4. an energy consumption column; 5. a ceramic ballistic resistant sheet; 6. a protection plate; 7. an annular groove; 8. an energy absorbing bar.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment provides a double-cutting energy dissipation protective structure, as shown in fig. 1 to 8, which includes an energy dissipation column 4 and an annular cutting column 2, wherein an annular groove 7 is formed in a column top of the energy dissipation column 4, a plurality of energy absorption rods 8 are arranged in the annular groove 7, and two ends of each energy absorption rod 8 are respectively and fixedly connected to an inner wall and an outer wall of the annular groove 7. The shape, the depth and the width of the groove of the annular groove 7 are matched with the shape, the height and the ring width of the annular cutting column 2, after the annular cutting column 2 is inserted into the annular groove 7, the annular cutting column 2 is abutted to the face of the energy absorbing rod 8, the annular cutting column 2 is tightly screwed with the annular groove 7, the notch of the annular groove 7 can be sealed, a sealed filling cavity is formed between the annular groove 7 of the annular cutting column 2, non-Newtonian fluid is filled in the filling cavity, and meanwhile, the energy absorbing rod 8 is also sealed in the filling cavity. When the annular cutting column 2 is impacted or the energy consumption column 4 is impacted, the annular cutting column 2 can be cut into the annular groove 7, the energy absorption rod 8 is firstly subjected to plastic deformation under the shearing action of the annular groove 7 to consume energy, and after the shearing force exceeds the ultimate strength of the energy absorption rod 8, the energy absorption rod 8 is sheared off to absorb a large amount of impact energy caused by the outside to the annular cutting column 2. At the same time, the annular cutting cylinder 2 is also cutting the non-newtonian fluid in the filling cavity (i.e. the annular groove 7), and the non-newtonian fluid filling is impacted, due to the shear thickening principle, the structure of the liquid itself is changed, the viscosity and hardness are increased, macroscopically, the liquid is rapidly hardened and expanded, so that the shearing force required for cutting off is disproportionately increased sharply, and the kinetic energy of the impact is further absorbed and consumed. Under the action of the energy absorption rod 8 and the non-Newtonian fluid double-cutting energy consumption, the kinetic energy brought by the impact and a large amount of generated internal energy are quickly dissipated, and then the requirement of resisting high impact is met.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 3, the annular groove 7 is a hexagonal ring groove, and the matching annular cutting post 2 is a hexagonal ring post.
Further, in this embodiment, the energy dissipation columns 4 are hexagonal columns matched with the annular grooves 7 in shape, the hexagonal column structure is an optimal topological structure covering a two-dimensional plane, the energy dissipation columns 4 and the annular cutting columns 2 are both set to be hexagonal structures, and for subsequent arrangement on other structures, such as metal plates, the whole plate surface can be fully paved to the maximum extent, for example, the energy dissipation columns 4 and the adjacent energy dissipation columns 4 can be tightly attached to each other, so that air between the energy dissipation columns 4 is reduced, and the optimal advantages and performances of the double-cutting energy dissipation protection structure are exerted.
Further, in the embodiment, the number of the energy absorption rods 8 is seventy-two, four energy absorption rods 8 are arranged on each side in the hexagonal annular groove 7, three layers are arranged up and down, the three-time energy consumption effect is achieved, the space of the annular groove 7 is fully utilized, and the energy consumption effect of the energy absorption rods 8 is improved to the great extent.
In this embodiment, the energy dissipation column 4 and the annular cutting column 2 are made of aluminum alloy, which not only ensures high structural strength, but also reduces the weight of the structure itself, and reduces the weight of the whole structure as much as possible when the energy dissipation column is applied to other structures (such as bulletproof metal plates, automobile bodies, etc.) in large quantities.
Further, in this embodiment, considering that the energy absorbing rod 8 is small in size, large in number and difficult to machine, in order to reduce the difficulty of the machining process, energy dissipating bolts widely applied to the automobile industry can be used for achieving the effect of the energy absorbing rod 8, holes are formed in the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular groove 7 of the energy dissipating column 4, then the energy dissipating bolts are screwed into the holes to complete installation, and except for the energy absorbing rod 8, the energy dissipating column 4 and the annular cutting column 2 can be cast by using dies and the surfaces of the energy dissipating column 4 and the annular cutting column 2 can be simply machined.
The embodiment provides an energy dissipation bulletproof plate, as shown in fig. 1 to 8, which comprises an energy absorption panel 1 and an energy absorption backboard 3, wherein a large number of annular cutting columns 2 are densely distributed on the energy absorption panel 1, energy dissipation columns 4 which are equal to the annular cutting columns 2 are densely distributed on the energy absorption backboard 3 which is opposite to the energy absorption panel 1, and after the energy absorption panel 1 and the energy absorption backboard 3 are fixedly connected, the annular cutting columns 2 all extend into annular grooves 7 on the equal energy dissipation columns 4 to form a double-cut energy dissipation layer. The hexagonal energy dissipation columns 4 and the hexagonal annular cutting columns 2 are preferably arranged, the hexagonal structure is favorable for being fully paved on the plate, gaps cannot be generated among the hexagonal energy dissipation columns and the hexagonal annular cutting columns, and the energy dissipation effect can be played to the maximum extent. When the bullet and the metal jet flow impact the energy-absorbing panel 1, the energy-absorbing panel 1 rapidly moves towards the energy-absorbing backboard 3, the annular cutting column 2 cuts the energy-absorbing rod 8 and the non-Newtonian fluid in the annular groove 7, the energy-absorbing rod 8 firstly generates plastic deformation under the shearing action, the energy-absorbing column is sequentially sheared after the ultimate strength is exceeded, and a large amount of energy of the bullet core/the metal jet flow is absorbed and lost. The non-newtonian fluid filling rapidly hardens and expands upon impact with a projectile. Under the condition that the cutting energy absorption rod 8 and the cutting non-Newtonian fluid jointly consume energy, a large amount of internal energy generated by the impact kinetic energy of the high-temperature jet flow and the shell when impacting the bulletproof panel is rapidly dispersed, and the kinetic energy of the shot or the metal jet flow can be further absorbed and consumed.
In consideration of the self weight and the structural strength of the bulletproof panel, in the implementation, the energy-absorbing panel 1 and the energy-absorbing backboard 3 are both made of aluminum alloy materials, so that the bulletproof panel has enough strength and light weight. Preferably, the energy-absorbing panel 1, the annular cutting column 2, the energy-absorbing backboard 3 and the energy-consuming column 4 which are matched with the energy-consuming column 4 and the annular cutting column 2 are made of aluminum alloy materials, and can be integrally cast and molded respectively.
Referring to fig. 1 and 8, in the embodiment, a protection plate 6 is fixedly connected to the back surface of the energy-absorbing backplate 3, ceramic shrapnel 5 is densely distributed on the front surface of the protection plate 6, and the protection plate 6 and the ceramic shrapnel 5 together form an anti-bullet layer, so that the final blocking of bullets or metal jets which are not completely blocked by the double-cut energy consumption layer formed by the energy-absorbing faceplate 1 and the energy-absorbing backplate 3 is achieved. When the shot and the metal jet penetrate through a double-cut energy consumption layer formed by the energy absorption panel 1 and the energy absorption backboard 3, the shot and the metal jet enter the anti-elastic layer, and at the moment that the high-speed shot/metal jet is in contact with the ceramic anti-elastic sheet 5, the ceramic anti-elastic sheet 5 depends on the high hardness and the high compressive strength of the ceramic anti-elastic sheet, so that the shot reaches the yield stress and the damage ultimate strength to generate compression deformation and even crack, the shot speed is reduced, and the damage capability and the impact effect on the protection plate 6 are greatly reduced. In the process, the ceramic shrapnel 5 in the area below the impact point is greatly cracked, a broken ceramic fragment area with the contact point as the vertex and the diameter continuously enlarged is formed finally to abrade the bullet body, the stress area of the protection plate 6 is increased at the same time, then the broken bullet and the broken ceramic fragment jointly act on the protection plate 6, the protection plate 6 absorbs the residual kinetic energy of the bullet and the ceramic fragment in the modes of compression, shearing, tensile deformation, interlayer layering and the like, and finally the penetration body bullet or the metal jet stays between the protection plate 6 and the energy absorption backboard 3, so that the bullet-resistant process of the whole protection is completed. Meanwhile, the protection plate 6 plays a role in supporting the ceramic shrapnel 5 and delaying the crushing time of the ceramic shrapnel 5, and because the ceramic material can generate bending load under the impact action of high-speed shots, the ceramic surface generates tensile stress, so that the ceramic material is crushed too early, and therefore, in order to ensure that the ceramic protection has better anti-elastic capacity, a protection plate 6 needs to be designed behind the ceramic material.
In this embodiment, the ceramic bulletproof piece 5 is made of silicon carbide ceramic, and the three ceramic materials used for bulletproof at present are aluminum oxide (AI)2O3) Silicon carbide (SiC) and boron carbide (B)4C) The silicon carbide ceramic material has the cost, the bulletproof performance and the density index between the two, so the silicon carbide ceramic material is selected by combining the consideration, and the silicon carbide ceramic material has the cost and the bulletproof effect。
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the shape of the ceramic ballistic resistant sheet 5 is hexagonal, and the hexagonal structure is favorable for dense distribution, and no gap is generated, so as to exert the best advantages and performance of the ceramic material itself to the maximum extent. Experiments show that the large-size integral ceramic bullet-resistant is uniform and good in stability, but is seriously damaged locally after being struck by a bullet, the multiple striking resistance is weaker, the small spliced ceramic panels in different shapes can be spliced and replaced quickly, and the multiple striking resistance is excellent. Therefore, the ceramic used in the composite protection is made into small-sized ceramic shrapnel 5, so that when a certain ceramic shrapnel 5 is broken by an elastic body, other ceramic shrapnels 5 are still effective. However, for a small-sized spliced ceramic plate, when the size of the ceramic bulletproof piece 5 is too small, the number of splicing seams is too large, the probability that the bouncing position falls on the splicing seams or nearby the splicing seams is increased, and the exertion of the whole anti-elasticity performance of the ceramic panel formed by splicing the ceramic bulletproof pieces 5 can be greatly reduced, so that obviously, the higher the probability that the bouncing point falls on the center position of the ceramic bulletproof piece 5 is, the more excellent the anti-elasticity performance is. Through simple calculation, the sequence of the probability (the anti-elasticity performance) that the impact points of the ceramic sheets with different shapes and the same area fall on the center is circular > regular polygon (the number of sides is more than six) > regular hexagon > regular quadrangle > regular triangle. However, after the circular ceramic blocks and the regular polygonal ceramic blocks with the number of edges larger than six are spliced, gaps are too large, seamless splicing cannot be formed, and the anti-elasticity performance of the ceramic blocks is influenced; the hexagonal ceramic shrapnel 5 can be closely arranged with the other six ceramic shrapnels 5 around, so the hexagonal ceramic shrapnel 5 is used as the best choice in the implementation.
In this embodiment, the protection plate 6 is made of a metal ceramic composite material, the metal ceramic composite material has high strength and high toughness, the superior performances of high hardness, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance of a ceramic material are reserved, the metal ceramic composite material has the characteristics of good plasticity and high tensile strength of the metal material, and the metal ceramic composite material has the dual characteristics of the ceramic material and the metal material, so that the anti-elasticity performance of the protection plate 6 is improved, and after hard metal plates such as the hard energy absorption panel 1 and the energy absorption backboard 3 in the double-cut energy consumption layer are broken or the function of passivating the shot, the protection plate 6 with high toughness can deform to absorb the residual kinetic energy of the shot and the fragments of the energy absorption panel 1, the energy absorption backboard 3 and the ceramic shrapnel-proof sheet 5, so that the penetration of the shot is effectively resisted. Therefore, the protection plate 6 can support the ceramic panel, delay ceramic crushing time, absorb residual kinetic energy of the warhead and the ceramic cone and stop the projectile in the protection plate 6. Preferably, the protection plate 6 is connected with the ceramic shrapnel-proof sheet 5 through a layer of polymer fiber, so that the adhesion effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the anti-bullet protection effect can be enhanced to a certain degree.
In order to further improve the tensile strength, the breaking strain, the vertical shear resistance and the kinetic energy absorption capability of the protection plate 6, in the embodiment, the protection plate 6 is made of a gradient metal ceramic composite material, that is, the content of the ceramic in the protection plate 6 is gradually increased from the side provided with the ceramic anti-elastic sheet 5 to the other side. Compared with the traditional ceramic/metal double-layer protection, the gradient ceramic-metal composite material has higher protection capability, because the volume content of each component material in the gradient ceramic-metal composite material is continuously changed in spatial position, and the physical properties of the gradient ceramic-metal composite material are not changed suddenly, the problem of interlayer stress concentration which is often caused in the traditional fiber reinforced composite bulletproof material can be better avoided, so that the ceramic material and the metal material are organically connected, the stress state of an interface under impact load is obviously improved, and the unique advantages of the ceramic and the metal are more effectively and respectively exerted. The content of the ceramic phase changes in a gradient manner along the protective thickness direction, the elastic modulus, the yield strength, the tensile strength and the hardness of the composite material are gradually reduced, and the direction and the slope of the change correspond to the actual change of the projectile speed of the projectile in the projectile target action process, so that the residual kinetic energy of the projectile can be consumed to the maximum extent, and the damage of the projectile can be reduced as much as possible. And a large amount of heat is inevitably generated in the process of absorbing energy, dissipating energy and dissipating energy of the projectile/metal jet protection, the heat comes from collision friction with the ceramic material, the metal material is sheared, compressed and plastically deformed, and other complex physical and chemical reactions are caused by projectile explosion and in the action process of a projectile target. The gradient metal ceramic composite material protection plate 6 which plays a role of a back plate has the characteristic of high temperature resistance and plays a role of a fireproof heat insulation layer.
Further, in the embodiment, the protection plate 6 is formed by compounding low-density ceramic (SiC) and light aluminum alloy, so that the design requirement of lightening the protection material is met, and the low-cost flexible ceramic metal gradient composite material (preparation of a SiC-Al alloy system) is mainly manufactured by a liquid phase method, wherein the liquid phase method comprises a melt infiltration method and a jet codeposition technology.
Further, in this embodiment, at the in-process that carries out the upgrading transformation to vehicle equipment, for the convenience of dismantling and change, the energy dissipation bulletproof plate can design into the mounting mode similar to the reaction protection, and each protection all is that a "unit box" possesses complete structure and function, with the bolt fastening, can dismantle rapidly and change the protective structure who destroys in the short time, improves the survivability of vehicle by a wide margin.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The double-cutting energy dissipation protective structure is characterized by comprising an energy dissipation column and an annular cutting column, wherein an annular groove is formed in the top of the energy dissipation column, the annular cutting column is inserted into the annular groove and forms a sealed filling cavity with the annular groove, non-Newtonian fluid is filled in the filling cavity, an energy absorption rod capable of being cut off by the annular cutting column to dissipate energy is further arranged in the filling cavity, and two ends of the energy absorption rod are fixedly connected with the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the filling cavity respectively.
2. A double-cut energy-dissipating protective structure according to claim 1, wherein the annular groove is a hexagonal ring groove.
3. A double-cut energy-dissipating protective structure according to claim 2, wherein the energy dissipating columns are hexagonal columns matching the shape of the annular groove.
4. A double-cutting energy-dissipating protective structure according to claim 1, wherein the energy dissipating columns and the annular cutting columns are made of aluminum alloy.
5. An energy dissipation and bulletproof plate which adopts a double-cutting energy dissipation and protection structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising an energy absorption panel and an energy absorption backboard, wherein annular cutting columns are densely distributed on the energy absorption panel, energy dissipation columns are densely distributed on the energy absorption backboard, and the energy absorption panel and the energy absorption backboard are fixedly connected.
6. The energy dissipation bulletproof plate of claim 5, wherein the energy absorption face plate and the energy absorption back plate are made of aluminum alloy.
7. The energy dissipation bulletproof plate of claim 5, comprising a protection plate fixedly connected to the energy absorption backboard, wherein ceramic bulletproof plates are densely distributed between the protection plate and the energy absorption backboard, and the ceramic bulletproof plates are fixed on the protection plate.
8. An energy dissipating ballistic panel according to claim 7 wherein the ceramic ballistic sheet is hexagonal in shape.
9. An energy dissipating ballistic panel according to claim 7 wherein the panel is a metal ceramic composite.
10. An energy dissipating ballistic panel according to claim 9 wherein the panel has a gradually increasing ceramic content from the side on which the ceramic ballistic panel is located to the other side thereof.
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