CN113744412A - Method and device for processing 3D model data - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for processing 3D model data, wherein the 3D model data comprises a plurality of data types, the method comprises the steps of dividing the 3D model data of different data types into one or more subfiles, the subfiles comprise file identifications, and the file identifications of the subfiles of the same data type are associated; multithread loading and analyzing a plurality of subfiles; and combining the data analyzed by each thread according to the analyzed file identifier to complete the processing of the 3D model data. By using the scheme provided by the application, the 3D model can be loaded, analyzed and displayed in a segmented mode in a multithreading mode, and the 3D model loading waiting time in network transmission can be shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular, to a method for processing 3D model data.
Background
The 3D model formats on the market at present have binary formats and text formats, and all data are embedded, but each 3D model format has little data quantity and data type, and the other formats have no substantial difference. Especially, model loading and display processes in the network transmission situation are not different and optimized too much.
However, all existing 3D model loading processing methods do not consider how to display faster in the case of network transmission, and how to reduce the memory peak value in the loading process. The existing 3D model format basically does not support multithreading to simultaneously load and analyze the same 3D model, which greatly limits the loading and analyzing speed of a single 3D model.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a method and an apparatus for processing 3D model data, which can perform multithread loading analysis and segment display of a 3D model, and can shorten the 3D model loading latency in network transmission.
Specifically, the method is realized through the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the application, there is provided a method of processing 3D model data, the 3D model data comprising a plurality of data types, the method comprising,
dividing 3D model data of different data types into one or more subfiles, wherein the subfiles comprise file identifications, and the file identifications of the subfiles of the same data type are associated;
multithreading loading and analyzing a plurality of subfiles, and displaying the loaded and analyzed subfiles;
and combining the data analyzed by each thread according to the analyzed file identifier to complete the processing of the 3D model data.
Optionally, the data types include mesh data, animation data, texture data, and texture data.
Optionally, the mesh data includes model geometry data, bone data, and bone weight data, and different types of mesh data are deployed in separate files.
Optionally, the model geometry data is divided into a plurality of subfiles according to the number of triangle faces, each subfile includes one or more complete sub-models, and each subfile is loaded and analyzed separately.
Optionally, the data of the submodel includes a transformation matrix, 32-bit flag bit data, vertex data and surface index data of the submodel, material index data, and name data of the submodel; the flag bit data is used for identifying whether data multiplexing exists or not, whether normal data exists or not, whether coordinate data exists or not and whether data compression exists or not.
Optionally, the bone data includes bone nodes, and the bone nodes include bone identifiers, transformation matrices, and bone names.
Optionally, the bone weight data is divided into a plurality of subfiles according to the size of the data volume, and each subfile contains bone weight data of one or more complete sub-models; the skeleton weight data of the submodel comprises skeleton identification data of the submodel, skeleton quantity data of a vertex, and skeleton index and skeleton weight data pair data of the vertex; if data compression is used, the bone index and bone weight data of the vertex are added to the data in a data compression manner.
Optionally, the animation data includes all animations of the 3D model, and the animation data is divided into a plurality of subfiles according to the size of the data volume, where each subfile includes one or more complete individual animation data.
Optionally, the animation includes a skeletal animation and a rigid body animation;
the animation data also comprises duration of the animation, sampling data per second and 32-bit mark data, wherein the bit mark data comprises information whether the animation is subjected to data compression or not; the skeleton animation data comprises a timeline list and a transformation matrix list of related skeletons; the rigid body animation data comprises a time axis list of displacement, rotation and scaling of a related submodel and an animation change numerical value list; and if the animation adopts data compression, adding the time shaft list data and the animation transformation data in a compression mode.
Optionally, the 3D model data further includes model file list data, and the model file list data stores the name of each subfile of each data type in the form of JSON data.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided an apparatus for processing 3D model data, the 3D model data including a plurality of data types, the apparatus comprising,
the data segmentation unit is used for dividing the 3D model data of different data types into one or more subfiles, wherein the subfiles comprise file identifications, and the file identifications of the subfiles of the same data type are associated;
the loading and analyzing unit is used for multithreading loading and analyzing a plurality of subfiles and displaying the loaded and analyzed subfiles;
and the data combination unit is used for combining the data analyzed by each thread according to the analyzed file identifier so as to complete the processing of the 3D model data.
According to the description, the large data blocks of the model geometric data, the skeleton weight data and the animation data are divided into a plurality of small subfiles, the data contained in each subfile is complete relative to the data in small units, the plurality of subfiles can be loaded and analyzed in a multithread one-time mode, the data analyzed by each thread can be combined into complete memory data according to the analyzed ID, the data can be displayed in a segmented mode after the plurality of subfiles are loaded and analyzed, the 3D model loading waiting time in network transmission can be shortened, and the memory peak value in the loading process can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of processing 3D model data in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an overall 3D model format according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a sub-model geometry data structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a sub-model skeletal weight data structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a bone animation data structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating rigid body animation data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of processing 3D model data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
A method of processing 3D model data, comprising:
step 100, dividing the 3D model data of different data types into one or more subfiles, where the subfiles include file identifications, and the file identifications of the subfiles of the same data type are associated with each other.
The 3D model data includes a variety of data types including, but not limited to, mesh data, animation data, texture data, and texture data. Subfiles refer to a type of data that is divided into multiple files for storage. These files holding the same type of data are subfiles of this data type. The file identifications of the subfiles of the same data type are associated, and may be the same for certain bits of data of the file identifications of the subfiles of the same data type.
In one embodiment, the mesh data includes, but is not limited to, model geometry data, bone data, and bone weight data, with different types of mesh data deployed in separate files.
The model geometric data comprise mesh model data, including data such as vertexes, faces, normals, UV coordinates, material indexes and the like, and the model geometric data comprise static display parts of all 3D models except the material data and can be used for displaying the static 3D models. The model geometric data is divided into a plurality of subfiles according to the number of the triangular faces, each subfile comprises one or more complete sub-models, and each subfile is loaded and analyzed independently. The data of the submodel comprises a transformation matrix, 32-bit flag bit data, vertex data and surface index data of the submodel, material index data and submodel name data; the flag bit data is used for identifying whether data multiplexing exists or not, whether normal data exists or not, whether coordinate data exists or not and whether data compression exists or not.
The skeleton data comprises skeleton nodes, and the skeleton nodes comprise skeleton identifiers, transformation matrixes and skeleton names. The bone data mainly contains bone ID and bone transformation matrix and bone name. The skeleton data is data needed in skeleton animation, and the skeleton animation calculates the real-time positions of all the associated vertexes according to the skeleton matrix and the animation matrix in the skeleton data.
The skeletal weight data is divided into a plurality of subfiles according to the size of the data volume, and each subfile comprises skeletal weight data of one or more complete sub-models; the skeleton weight data of each submodel comprises skeleton identification data of the submodel, skeleton number data of a vertex, and skeleton index and skeleton weight data pair data of the vertex; if data compression is used, the bone index and bone weight data of the vertex are added to the data in a data compression manner.
In another embodiment, the animation data comprises all animations of the 3D model, the animation data being divided into a plurality of subfiles according to the size of the data volume, each subfile comprising one or more complete individual animation data.
The animation comprises skeleton animation and rigid body animation, the animation data also comprises duration of the animation, sampling data per second and 32-bit mark data, and the bit mark data comprises information whether the animation is subjected to data compression or not; the skeleton animation data comprises a timeline list and a transformation matrix list of related skeletons; the rigid body animation data comprises a time axis list of displacement, rotation and scaling of a related submodel and an animation change numerical value list; and if the animation adopts data compression, adding the time shaft list data and the animation transformation data in a compression mode.
In another embodiment, the texture data is divided into two data organization forms in the present application, the first data organization form is a binary data form, and the second data organization form is a json data form. The two data organization forms can be selected freely according to requirements. The texture data includes general texture data, map attribute data, and the like.
In another embodiment, the format of the texture picture of the 3D model in the present application may be different according to different platforms, for example, the format of the texture picture in windows platform and that in android platform are different, and the present application auto-matching provides texture formats that can be directly used by GPUs of each platform, and the resource occupation of these texture formats on the GPU is 6-8 times smaller than that of the conventional JPEG format.
In one embodiment, the 3D model data further includes model file list data, mesh data, animation data, and material data, each of which is divided into one or more subfiles, the model file list data stores the name of each subfile of each data type in the form of json data, from which all other data files associated with the 3D model can be retrieved.
And 200, multithreading loading and analyzing a plurality of subfiles, and displaying the loaded and analyzed subfiles.
The large data of the model geometric data, the skeleton weight data and the animation data are divided into a plurality of small subfiles, and the data contained in each small file is complete relative to the small data units, so that the plurality of subfiles can be loaded and analyzed in a multithreading one-time mode, and after the corresponding subfiles are loaded and analyzed, the units corresponding to the loaded and analyzed subfiles can be displayed.
And step 300, combining the data analyzed by each thread according to the analyzed file identifier to complete the processing of the 3D model data.
And multithreading loads and analyzes a plurality of subfiles at one time, the subfiles comprise file identifications, the file identifications of the subfiles are obtained through analysis, the file identifications of the subfiles with the same data type are associated, and the data of the subfiles analyzed by each thread can be combined into complete memory data according to the analyzed file identifications so as to complete the processing of the 3D model data.
According to the description, the large data blocks of the model geometric data, the skeleton weight data and the animation data are divided into a plurality of small subfiles, the data contained in each subfile is complete relative to the data in small units, the plurality of subfiles can be loaded and analyzed in a multithread one-time mode, the data analyzed by each thread can be combined into complete memory data according to the analyzed ID, the data can be displayed in a segmented mode after the plurality of subfiles are loaded and analyzed, the 3D model loading waiting time in network transmission can be shortened, and the memory peak value in the loading process can be reduced.
According to the method, 3D model data of different data types are divided into one or more subfiles to obtain a specific 3D model format, the overall structure diagram of the 3D model format is shown in FIG. 2, and the data of the 3D model format comprises the following five major parts:
model File List data
The model file list data stores the name of each subfile of each data type in the form of json data, and all other data files related to the 3D model can be retrieved through the data.
Grid data
The grid data is again divided into three parts, the first part being model geometry data, the second part being bone data, and the third part being bone weight data. These three parts are distributed in separate files.
1. Model geometry data
The model geometric data is also subdivided into a plurality of subfiles according to the number of the triangular faces, each subfile comprises one or more complete sub-models, and each subfile is loaded independently and can support multithreading and simultaneous loading to analyze the same 3D model. The model geometry data comprises mesh model data including vertex, face, normal, UV coordinates, material indices, etc. The model geometry data contains all static presentation parts of the 3D model except the material data, which can be used to display the static 3D model.
Sub-model geometry data structure diagram referring to fig. 3, the data of each sub-model contains a transformation matrix; the method comprises the following steps that 32-bit flag bit data is included, and the flag bit data includes options of whether data multiplexing exists or not, whether normal data exists or not, whether UV data (UV coordinate data) exists or not, whether UV2 data exists or not, whether data compression exists or not and the like; the vertex data and the face index data of the sub-model are included; this data is included by detecting whether there is UV data, whether there is UV2 data, whether there is normal data, if so. Meanwhile, whether data multiplexing exists or not needs to be detected, if so, the data comprise the face index data of the corresponding data, and whether data compression is used or not is detected, if so, the data are contained in a data compression mode, otherwise, the data are contained in a normal binary mode; including texture index data and sub-model name data. When the repeated data is much, the file size can still be reduced under the condition of increasing the face index data by using data multiplexing.
2. Skeletal data
The bone data is contained in a bone data file, the bone data contains all bone nodes, and each bone node contains a bone ID, a transformation matrix and a bone name. The bone data mainly contains bone ID and bone transformation matrix and bone name. The skeleton data is data needed in skeleton animation, and the skeleton animation calculates the real-time positions of all the associated vertexes according to the skeleton matrix and the animation matrix in the skeleton data.
3. Skeletal weight data
The bone weight data contains bone indices and bone weight data for all vertices of each sub-model. The skeletal weight data is also subdivided into a plurality of subfiles, each containing skeletal weight data for one or more complete sub-models, depending on the size of the data volume. Each subfile is independent and can support multi-thread simultaneous load resolution. The sub-model skeleton weight data structure is shown in fig. 4. The skeleton weight data of each sub-model includes all skeleton ID data of the sub-model; the data of the number of the bones of each vertex is contained, and the data of the pairs of the bone index and the bone weight data of each vertex is contained. If data compression is used, the bone index and bone weight data for each vertex are added to the data in a data compression manner.
As can be seen, the bone weight data comprises the bone index data of each sub-mesh model and the bone weight data of each sub-mesh model. The bone weight data for each submesh model includes the bone associated with each vertex of the submesh model and the weight of that bone at that vertex.
The skeleton weight data is data to be used in the skeleton animation, and the skeleton animation determines how the vertex moves in the animation according to the skeleton associated with each vertex and the weight of the skeleton on the vertex.
Third, animation data
The animation data contains all animations of the 3D model. The animation has two types of animation, skeleton animation and rigid animation. The structure diagram of skeleton animation data is shown in fig. 5, and the structure diagram of rigid body animation data is shown in fig. 6. The rigid body animation comprises three data, displacement animation data, rotation animation data and scaling animation data.
The animation data is also subdivided into a plurality of subfiles according to the size of the data volume, each subfile containing one or more complete individual animation data. Each subfile is independent and can support multi-thread simultaneous load resolution.
For each animation, the data comprises the duration of the animation and the number of samples per second; the animation data comprises 32 bits of bit mark data, and the bit mark data comprises information such as whether the animation is subjected to data compression or not; and according to whether the animation type is a skeleton animation or a rigid body animation, different animation data are contained, if the animation type is the skeleton animation, a time axis list and a transformation matrix list of each related skeleton are contained, and if the animation type is the rigid body animation, a time axis list and an animation change value list of displacement, rotation and scaling of each related sub-model are contained. If the animation adopts data compression, the time shaft list data and the animation transformation data are added in a compression mode.
Material data
The material data is divided into two data organization forms in the application, wherein the first data organization form is a binary data form, and the second data organization form is a json data form. The two data organization forms can be selected freely according to requirements. The texture data in the present application includes data such as general texture data and map attribute data.
Texture data
In the application, the format of the texture picture of the 3D model is different according to different platforms, for example, the format of the texture picture on a windows platform is different from that on an android platform, the application automatically matches and provides the texture formats which can be directly used by GPUs of the platforms, and the resource occupation of the texture formats on the GPUs is 6-8 times smaller than that of the traditional JPEG format.
The present application also provides an apparatus for processing 3D model data, the 3D model data comprising a plurality of data types, the apparatus comprising,
the data segmentation unit is used for dividing the 3D model data of different data types into one or more subfiles, wherein the subfiles comprise file identifications, and the file identifications of the subfiles of the same data type are associated;
the loading and analyzing unit is used for multithreading loading and analyzing a plurality of subfiles and displaying the loaded and analyzed subfiles;
and the data combination unit is used for combining the data analyzed by each thread according to the analyzed file identifier so as to complete the processing of the 3D model data.
The implementation process of the functions and actions of each unit in the above device is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding step in the above method, and is not described herein again.
For the device embodiments, since they substantially correspond to the method embodiments, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiments for relevant points. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the application. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having a computer program stored therein, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
dividing 3D model data of different data types into one or more subfiles, wherein the subfiles comprise file identifications, and the file identifications of the subfiles of the same data type are associated;
multithreading loading and analyzing a plurality of subfiles, and displaying the loaded and analyzed subfiles;
and combining the data analyzed by each thread according to the analyzed file identifier to complete the processing of the 3D model data.
In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:
dividing 3D model data of different data types into one or more subfiles, wherein the subfiles comprise file identifications, and the file identifications of the subfiles of the same data type are associated;
multithreading loading and analyzing a plurality of subfiles, and displaying the loaded and analyzed subfiles;
and combining the data analyzed by each thread according to the analyzed file identifier to complete the processing of the 3D model data.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims (11)
1. A method of processing 3D model data, wherein the 3D model data comprises a plurality of data types, the method comprising,
dividing 3D model data of different data types into one or more subfiles, wherein the subfiles comprise file identifications, and the file identifications of the subfiles of the same data type are associated;
multithreading loading and analyzing a plurality of subfiles, and displaying the loaded and analyzed subfiles;
and combining the data analyzed by each thread according to the analyzed file identifier to complete the processing of the 3D model data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the data types include mesh data, animation data, texture data, and texture data.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the mesh data includes model geometry data, bone data, and bone weight data, different types of mesh data being deployed in separate files.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the model geometry data is divided into a plurality of subfiles according to a triangular face number, each subfile containing one or more complete sub-models, each subfile being separately loaded with analysis.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the data of the submodel comprises transformation matrix, 32-bit flag bit data, vertex data and face index data of the submodel, texture index data, and submodel name data; the flag bit data is used for identifying whether data multiplexing exists or not, whether normal data exists or not, whether coordinate data exists or not and whether data compression exists or not.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the bone data comprises bone nodes, the bone nodes comprising a bone identification, a transformation matrix, and a bone name.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the bone weight data is divided into a plurality of subfiles according to the size of the data volume, each subfile containing bone weight data of one or more complete sub-models; the skeleton weight data of the submodel comprises skeleton identification data of the submodel, skeleton quantity data of a vertex, and skeleton index and skeleton weight data pair data of the vertex; if data compression is used, the bone index and bone weight data of the vertex are added to the data in a data compression manner.
8. The method of claim 2, wherein the animation data comprises all animation of the 3D model, and wherein the animation data is divided into a plurality of subfiles according to the size of the data volume, and wherein each subfile comprises one or more complete individual animation data.
9. The method of claim 2 or 8, wherein the animation comprises a skeletal animation and a rigid body animation;
the animation data also comprises duration of the animation, sampling data per second and 32-bit mark data, wherein the bit mark data comprises information whether the animation is subjected to data compression or not; the skeleton animation data comprises a timeline list and a transformation matrix list of related skeletons; the rigid body animation data comprises a time axis list of displacement, rotation and scaling of a related submodel and an animation change numerical value list; and if the animation adopts data compression, adding the time shaft list data and the animation transformation data in a compression mode.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the 3D model data further comprises model file list data that holds the name of each subfile of each data type in the form of JSON data.
11. An apparatus for processing 3D model data, wherein the 3D model data comprises a plurality of data types, the apparatus comprising,
the data segmentation unit is used for dividing the 3D model data of different data types into one or more subfiles, wherein the subfiles comprise file identifications, and the file identifications of the subfiles of the same data type are associated;
the loading and analyzing unit is used for multithreading loading and analyzing a plurality of subfiles and displaying the loaded and analyzed subfiles;
and the data combination unit is used for combining the data analyzed by each thread according to the analyzed file identifier so as to complete the processing of the 3D model data.
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