CN113743645B - Online education course recommendation method based on path factor fusion - Google Patents

Online education course recommendation method based on path factor fusion Download PDF

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CN113743645B
CN113743645B CN202110810736.5A CN202110810736A CN113743645B CN 113743645 B CN113743645 B CN 113743645B CN 202110810736 A CN202110810736 A CN 202110810736A CN 113743645 B CN113743645 B CN 113743645B
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沈永珞
廖志朋
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Guangdong University of Business Studies
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Abstract

The invention provides an online education course recommendation method based on path factor fusion, which is used for fusing path weight factors of adjacent courses, improving a user similarity calculation value, and simultaneously introducing a self-adaptive weight threshold into the recommendation method, so that the accuracy of online education course recommendation system recommendation is improved, and courses conforming to a professional learning direction are recommended to a user. Finally, a set of recommendation system which takes the user target and the interest as the guide and accords with the learning route is formed, and the method has very positive effect and profound significance on improving the learning efficiency of students.

Description

Online education course recommendation method based on path factor fusion
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent recommendation, in particular to a method for recommending online education courses based on path factor fusion.
Background
With the continuous development of information technology, online education uses advanced technical means to move a classroom from offline to online, thereby overcoming the requirements and limitations of time and regions in the traditional education mode and simultaneously realizing the opportunity of more convenient acquisition of educational resources for users. However, with the continuous multiplication of internet teaching resources, users face new problems and confusion in online course selection. Firstly, learning has the characteristic of path, and related courses must be learned according to a knowledge path, otherwise, the learning effect is seriously affected by wrong course sequences; second, fragmented learning can result in a broken curriculum hierarchy that is detrimental to the user in establishing the correct knowledge structure.
Recommendation algorithms in the prior art are well established, but are often applied to application environments of non-path factors, such as commodity recommendation, etc. The advantages of such recommendation algorithms are manifested in: the method can efficiently recommend the content preferred by the user to the user through methods such as interest model matching, content analysis and the like, and saves a great deal of time cost. However, when the conventional recommendation algorithm recommends courses for users, a very accurate effect cannot be produced, because a certain path direction exists in learning among courses, but the conventional recommendation algorithm does not have the characteristic of sensing a learning path, so that the courses which should be subjected to next learning in the current learning state are not valued by a system, and the courses which are related to front and rear learning are difficult to recommend. The method has the advantages that higher requirements are put on course recommendation modes in online education, and recommended courses accord with a certain learning path.
The invention aims to solve the problems that how to combine online education and recommendation technologies, the students learn blindness and face the measure of course resources, and the students learn the course to need path directions, and form a learning mode that a user takes the target as a guide, so that the characteristics of a course recommendation system are exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an intelligent course recommendation method based on path factor fusion in an online education application environment. The recommendation method comprises the following steps:
step 1), counting a learned course set I of the user on a trunk learning path;
step 2), obtaining a candidate recommended non-learned course set J which is closest to the learned course;
step 3) calculating the weight Route of the adjacent course paths between all the learned course sets I and the candidate un-learned course set J i,j The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Path weights of directly adjacent courses i and j are recorded as Route i,j The total number Num of users of the two adjacent courses is learned in sequence i,j Adjacent course path weight Route i,j Namely Num i,j The calculation formula is as follows:
Route i,j =Num i,j
step 4) normalizing the weight of each path, and maintaining the value range of the weight between 0 and 1 through normalization, wherein the normalization is carried out
Wherein GetRoute i,j Is the normalized adjacent course path weight, maxRoute, minRoute represents the maximum and minimum values in the adjacent course path respectively;
step 5) calculating the average value of the path weights after normalization processing:
wherein Threshold represents the average value of adjacent course path weights, getRoute i,j And the path weight of the adjacent courses after course normalization is represented, and N represents the total number of courses.
Step 6) counting directed paths from the learned course set I and directly connecting to the candidate recommended non-learned course set J;
step 7) calculating a compensation value M (i, j) of the path weight of the adjacent courses:
when the adjacent course path weight is greater than the threshold, the compensation weight is GetRoute i,j +1, and when it is less than the threshold, the compensation weight isIf the two courses are not directly adjacent, the compensation weight is 1;
step 8) calculating to obtain the similarity between courses, adding the compensation weight obtained by the calculation in the step 7) into calculation of the similarity of the courses to increase influence of the path weight, reducing influence of hot courses on the similarity of the courses, and calculating the similarity between courses by the following formula:
wherein sim (i, j) represents the similarity between course i and course j, and M (i, j) represents the compensation weight;
and 9) counting the sum of the similarity of the un-learned courses j and all the courses in the learned course set I, so as to obtain the preference degree of the user for the recommended un-learned courses j, and recommending the courses to the user according to the similarity ranking.
Further, the backbone learning path is constructed by:
step 1.1) integrating learning full paths of users in a historical data set, constructing a course learning full path of each user according to time sequences of learning courses of all users in the historical user set, and integrating the course learning full paths of all users;
step 1.2), denoising is carried out in the learning full path obtained by integration; in the denoising process, only adjacent course paths with weights greater than or equal to a set threshold value are reserved;
step 1.3) integrating the learning full path subjected to noise elimination processing to obtain a main learning path.
According to the online education course recommendation method provided by the invention, the adjacent course path weight factors are fused, the user similarity calculated value is improved, and the self-adaptive weight threshold is introduced into the recommendation method, so that the accuracy of online education course recommendation system recommendation is improved, and courses conforming to the professional learning direction are recommended to the user. Finally, a set of recommendation system which takes the user target and the interest as the guide and accords with the learning route is formed, and the method has very positive effect and profound significance on improving the learning efficiency of students.
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Fig. 1: the invention relates to a flow diagram of an online education course recommendation method
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific embodiments. FIG. 1 shows a flow of the online education course recommendation method of the present invention. In the course recommendation method of the present invention, first, a backbone learning path is constructed.
For convenience of description, the related terms in the present invention are described as follows:
adjacent course path: defined as the connection between two successive, adjacent courses during a set time window.
Adjacent course path weights: then it is defined as the number of people on the path of two courses that follow one another and are adjacent to one another in the set time window.
Course learning full path for a user: and obtaining a course learning path of the user according to the time sequence relation among the user behavior data.
Historical user set: all user data sets in the data set learn a specific professional related course.
Backbone learning path: for describing a backbone learning path between the specialty-related courses.
Constructing a backbone learning path includes the steps of:
step 1.1, integrating learning full paths of the historical dataset users. And constructing a course learning total path of each user according to the time sequence of the learning courses of each user in the historical user set, and integrating the course learning total paths of all users.
And 1.2, learning denoising processing in the full path. Because some users have the situation of obviously unreasonable wrong selection courses, paths with path weights which are obviously lower than the normal range exist in the full path learning, such as path weights of 1 or 2. Therefore, in the invention, the course path with lower weight of the adjacent course path is regarded as noise data, and noise reduction processing is needed. In the denoising process, only adjacent course paths with weights greater than or equal to a certain set threshold value are reserved. Therefore, the reliability of recommendation basis based on the historical user learning direction is improved, and the main learning path is further highlighted.
And step 1.3, branch path processing. In the branching path processing, only the weight within a certain proportion range of the maximum adjacent course path weight is reserved, so that the path within the maximum weight fluctuation range can be highlighted.
And obtaining a trunk learning path through the three steps.
Next, the intelligent course recommendation method based on path factor fusion specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) And counting a learned course set I of the user on a main learning path according to the current learning state of the user, wherein a specific learned course is recorded as I.
(2) And obtaining a candidate recommended non-learning course set J which is closest to the learned courses, wherein the specific candidate recommended non-learning course is marked as J. The calculation can be specifically performed according to an algorithm such as a collaborative filtering algorithm based on the item, and the like, and the method is not limited in the invention.
(3) Statistics of adjacent course path weights (weight for short)
Path weights of directly adjacent courses i and j are recorded as Route i,j The total number Num of users of the two adjacent courses is learned in sequence i,j Adjacent course path weight Route i,j Namely Num i,j The calculation formula is as follows:
Route i,j =Num i,j (formula-1)
(4) Normalizing adjacent course path weights
Obtaining the Route weight value Route of the adjacent courses i,j And normalizing the path weight of each adjacent course. The value range of the weight is kept to be 0,1 by normalization means]And thereby a normalized formula. Wherein GetRoute i,j Is a normalized adjacent course path weight, maxRoute, minRoute represents the maximum and minimum values in the adjacent course path, respectively.
(5) Adaptive adjacent course path weight threshold
In the existing collaborative filtering algorithm based on items, the influence of paths on course recommendation is not considered in the formula for calculating the similarity, so that most of recommended courses in a recommendation list of a recommendation system are popular courses and courses preferred by users in a concentrated mode. The hotter courses are more easily recommended, which results in a higher similarity between most of the popular courses, but does not truly account for the higher similarity between courses. Therefore, before similarity is calculated, the invention designs the path compensation value according to the path weight threshold value of the adjacent courses, and classifies the courses into two types. When the course path weight is greater than the threshold value, carrying out relevant compensation on the similarity of the course path weight and the threshold value, and improving the contribution of the adjacent course path weight to the similarity; when the adjacent course path weight is smaller than the adjacent course path weight threshold, the compensation for the correlation is further reduced.
Notably, the choice of the adjacent course path weight threshold directly determines Route i,j Contribution of (3). In order to avoid the judgment of threshold human errors, the invention adopts a self-adaptive method to set the threshold. The average value of all the normalized adjacent course path weights is obtained, and is not set by simple people. The threshold calculation formula is shown below.
Wherein Threshold represents the adjacent course path weight Threshold, getRoute i,j And the path weight of the adjacent courses after course normalization is represented, and N represents the total number of courses.
(4) Statistics of directed paths from the learned course set I, direct connection to the candidate recommended non-learned course set J, and setting of compensation values for path weights of adjacent courses
And adding the compensation value into a calculation formula of the similarity due to different path weights among different adjacent courses, and improving the influence component of the path factors. When the adjacent course path weight is greater than the threshold, the compensation weight is GetRoute i,j +1, and when it is less than the threshold, the compensation weight isTwo courses are not immediately adjacent, then their compensation weights are 1. In summary, the larger the weight of the path of the adjacent courses, i.e. the more people learn to select the path of the adjacent courses, the higher the contribution to the calculation of similarity between the two courses, and the greater the likelihood that the subsequent courses will be recommended to the user.
(5) Adding compensation weight to course similarity calculation
The invention adds the compensation weight into the similarity calculation to increase the influence of the path weight, reduce the influence of the hot courses on the course similarity, and the improved similarity calculation formula is shown as follows, wherein sim (i, j) represents the similarity between course i and course j, and M (i, j) represents the compensation weight.
(6) And counting the sum of the similarity of the un-learned courses j and all the courses in the learned course set I, so as to obtain the preference degree of the user for the recommended un-learned courses j, and recommending the courses to the user according to the similarity ranking.
According to the online education course recommendation method provided by the invention, the adjacent course path weight factors are fused, the user similarity calculated value is improved, and the self-adaptive weight threshold is introduced into the recommendation method, so that the accuracy of online education course recommendation system recommendation is improved, and courses conforming to the professional learning direction are recommended to the user. Finally, a set of recommendation system which takes the user target and the interest as the guide and accords with the learning route is formed, and the method has very positive effect and profound significance on improving the learning efficiency of students.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with specific embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to such description. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all such modifications are to be considered as falling within the scope of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. An online education course recommendation method based on path factor fusion is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1), counting a learned course set I of a user on a trunk learning path;
step 2), obtaining a candidate recommended non-learned course set J which is closest to the learned course;
step 3) calculating the weight Route of the adjacent course paths between all the learned course sets I and the candidate un-learned course set J i,j The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Handle direct adjacent coursesPath weights for i and course j are noted as Route i,j The total number Num of users of the two adjacent courses is learned in sequence i,j Adjacent course path weight Route i,j Namely Num i,j The calculation formula is as follows:
Route i,j =Num i,j
step 4) normalizing the weight of each path, and maintaining the value range of the weight between 0 and 1 through normalization, wherein the normalization is carried out
Wherein GetRoute i,j Is the normalized adjacent course path weight, maxRoute, minRoute represents the maximum and minimum values in the adjacent course path respectively;
step 5) calculating the average value of the path weights after normalization processing:
wherein Threshold represents the average value of adjacent course path weights, getRoute i,j The path weight of adjacent courses after course normalization is represented, and N represents the total number of courses;
step 6) counting directed paths from the learned course set I and directly connecting to the candidate recommended non-learned course set J;
step 7) calculating a compensation value M (i, j) of the path weight of the adjacent courses:
when the adjacent course path weight is greater than the threshold, the compensation weight is GetRoute i,j +1, and when it is less than the threshold, the compensation weight isIf the two courses are not directly adjacent, the compensation weight is 1;
step 8) calculating to obtain the similarity between courses, adding the compensation weight obtained by the calculation in the step 7) into calculation of the similarity of the courses to increase influence of the path weight, reducing influence of hot courses on the similarity of the courses, and calculating the similarity between courses by the following formula:
wherein sim (i, j) represents the similarity between course i and course j, and M (i, j) represents the compensation weight;
step 9) counting the sum of the similarity of the un-learned courses j and all the courses in the learned course set I, so as to obtain the preference degree of the user for the recommended un-learned courses j, and recommending the courses to the user according to the similarity ranking;
the trunk learning path is constructed by the following method:
step 1.1) integrating learning full paths of users in a historical data set, constructing a course learning full path of each user according to time sequences of learning courses of all users in the historical user set, and integrating the course learning full paths of all users;
step 1.2), denoising is carried out in the learning full path obtained by integration; in the denoising process, only adjacent course paths with weights greater than or equal to a set threshold value are reserved;
step 1.3) integrating the learning full path subjected to noise elimination processing to obtain a main learning path.
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