CN113726759A - Code rate self-adaption method, device, equipment and readable storage medium - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/442—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed, the storage space available from the internal hard disk
- H04N21/44227—Monitoring of local network, e.g. connection or bandwidth variations; Detecting new devices in the local network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/637—Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components
- H04N21/6373—Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components for rate control, e.g. request to the server to modify its transmission rate
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Abstract
The application relates to a code rate self-adaptive method, a device, equipment and a readable storage medium, which relate to the technical field of streaming media transmission control and are used for acquiring basic information of a playing terminal; respectively calculating a first connection bandwidth required by each video, the connection capacity between the home gateway and the video server corresponding to each playing path, and a second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal; determining a first video with the highest definition which can be played by the playing terminal from a plurality of videos with different definitions according to the first connection bandwidth, the second connection bandwidth and the connection capacity; and indicating a playing terminal to play the first video. The video playing path with more transmission data, better transmission stability and higher definition in unit time can be screened out, so that the playing terminal can play the video, the smoothness of video playing is improved, and the user experience quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of streaming media transmission control technologies, and in particular, to a code rate adaptive method, apparatus, device, and readable storage medium.
Background
With the development of internet technology, multi-rate adaptive video transmission is widely applied to a plurality of application scenes such as live video, on demand, multi-view sports events and the like. However, in the whole streaming media transmission system, there are network conditions of diversity of devices and complexity, for example, there are a host terminal for media acquisition, encoding and encapsulation, an uplink network for streaming push, a video server for transcoding and distribution, a downlink network for streaming pull, and a client terminal for decapsulation and decoding, which brings huge challenges to streaming media distribution and transmission.
Currently, adaptive Streaming media transmission based on HLS (HTTP Live Streaming, adaptive bitrate Streaming protocol based on HTTP) and DASH (dynamic adaptive Streaming over HTTP ) requires that a playing terminal device makes a decision to switch segments (i.e., adjust video bitrate or definition) according to its network bandwidth and its device cache condition, and requests a segment source on a video server according to the decision made by its device, so as to implement adaptive bitstream switching.
However, in the home lan environment, more and more links are used for connecting the playing terminal by using a WLAN (Wireless Local area network), so that uncertain factors such as WLAN network bandwidth and interference exist under multi-user competition, and if the playing terminal selects a film source only according to the self condition, the bandwidth is very easy to meet the film source requirement, so that the video playing is jammed and the like; therefore, when the video is paused, the playing terminal is only forced to select the film source with lower definition to play so as to ensure the smoothness, the selection belongs to the tail end in the whole transmission system, which is equivalent to the determination which is forced to be made in the final link, and the experience quality of the user is reduced to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a code rate self-adaption method, a device, equipment and a readable storage medium, which are used for solving the problem of poor user experience quality caused by the fact that a playing terminal only selects a film source according to the self condition in the related art.
In a first aspect, a code rate adaptive method is provided, which includes the following steps:
acquiring basic information of a playing terminal, wherein the basic information comprises a plurality of videos with different definitions which can be played by the playing terminal and playing paths corresponding to the videos;
respectively calculating first connection bandwidth required by each video;
respectively calculating the connection capacity between the home gateway and the video server corresponding to each playing path;
calculating a second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal;
determining a first video with the highest definition which can be played by the playing terminal from the videos with different definitions according to the first connection bandwidth, the second connection bandwidth and the connection capacity;
and indicating a playing terminal to play the first video.
In some embodiments, after the instructing the playback terminal to play the first video, the method further includes:
acquiring the playable time length of the playing terminal every other preset time length;
and calculating the difference value of the playable time lengths obtained in two adjacent times, and if the difference value is not equal to the preset time length, changing the playing path of the playing terminal.
In some embodiments, when the later-obtained playable time length is less than the earlier-obtained playable time length, or the later-obtained playable time length is greater than the earlier-obtained playable time length, and a difference between the two adjacent playable time lengths is less than the preset time length, the changing the play path of the play terminal includes:
detecting whether other videos with the definition smaller than that of the first video exist in a plurality of videos with different definitions which can be played;
and if so, executing the step of respectively calculating the first connection bandwidth required by each video.
In some embodiments, after the step of detecting whether there are other videos with lower definition than the first video in the plurality of videos with different definition that can be played, the method further includes:
if no other video with the definition smaller than that of the first video exists in the videos with different definitions which can be played, changing the playing path of at least one other playing terminal so as to reduce the bandwidth occupied by the at least one other playing terminal;
updating the second connection bandwidth based on the bandwidth reduced from the bandwidth occupied by the at least one other playing terminal, and performing the step of calculating the first connection bandwidth required by each video respectively.
In some embodiments, when the playable time length obtained later is greater than the playable time length obtained earlier and the difference between the playable time lengths obtained twice in the vicinity is greater than the preset time length, the changing the playing path of the playing terminal includes:
detecting whether other videos with higher definition than the first video exist in a plurality of videos with different definition and can be played;
and if so, executing the step of respectively calculating the first connection bandwidth required by each video.
In some embodiments, the connection capability includes a size of a connection bandwidth, and stability of data transmission.
In a second aspect, an apparatus for rate adaptation is provided, comprising:
the device comprises a first acquisition unit, a second acquisition unit and a third acquisition unit, wherein the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring basic information of a playing terminal, and the basic information comprises a plurality of videos with different definitions and playing paths corresponding to the videos, which can be played by the playing terminal;
a calculating unit, configured to calculate first connection bandwidths required for the videos respectively; respectively calculating the connection capacity between the home gateway and the video server corresponding to each playing path; calculating a second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal;
a screening unit, configured to determine, according to the first connection bandwidth, the second connection bandwidth, and the connection capability, a first video with a highest definition that can be played by the playing terminal from among the videos with different definitions;
and the indicating unit is used for indicating the playing terminal to play the first video.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the playable time length of the playing terminal every preset time length;
and the path changing unit is used for calculating the difference value of the playable time lengths acquired at two adjacent times, and changing the playing path of the playing terminal if the difference value is not equal to the preset time length.
In a third aspect, a code rate adaptive device is provided, including: the code rate adaptive method comprises a memory and a processor, wherein at least one instruction is stored in the memory and loaded and executed by the processor to realize the code rate adaptive method.
In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the aforementioned code rate adaptation method.
In the application, basic information of a playing terminal is obtained, wherein the basic information comprises a plurality of videos with different definitions which can be played by the playing terminal and playing paths corresponding to the videos; respectively calculating first connection bandwidth required by each video; respectively calculating the connection capacity between the home gateway and the video server corresponding to each playing path; calculating a second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal; determining a first video with the highest definition which can be played by the playing terminal from the videos with different definitions according to the first connection bandwidth, the second connection bandwidth and the connection capacity; and indicating a playing terminal to play the first video. Through the method and the device, the video playing path with more transmission data, better transmission stability and higher definition in unit time can be screened out so that the playing terminal can play the video, the smoothness of video playing is improved, the playing terminal is not required to perform self-adaptive code stream switching based on the self bandwidth, and the user experience quality is improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a code rate adaptive method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a code rate adaptive apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a code rate adaptive device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a code rate self-adaption method, a code rate self-adaption device, code rate self-adaption equipment and a readable storage medium, and can solve the problem of poor user experience quality caused by the fact that a playing terminal only selects a film source according to the self condition in the related art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a code rate adaptive method provided in an embodiment of the present application, including the following steps:
step S10: acquiring basic information of a playing terminal, wherein the basic information comprises a plurality of videos with different definitions which can be played by the playing terminal and playing paths corresponding to the videos;
exemplarily, a plurality of playing terminals are usually connected to a home gateway or a router in a home lan, where the playing terminals may be other devices with playing functions, such as a television, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, and the like, and are not limited herein; due to the fact that the plurality of playing terminals have the problems of different positions or different wireless/wired connection quality and the like, connection bandwidths between the playing terminals and the home gateway are different, playing states and caching conditions of the playing terminals are different, and the experience quality of a user is affected.
In this embodiment, an information transmission channel is established between the home gateway and the playback terminal, and is used for transmitting messages and commands between the playback terminal and the home gateway. When a playing terminal requests to play a certain video on line, a video description file is obtained from a video file description server, wherein the video description file comprises basic information such as playing paths (namely video addresses), video slicing playable time length, video size, video angles, video code rates and the like of a plurality of videos with different definitions which can be played by the playing terminal; the video description file transmitted based on the HLS (HTTP Live Streaming, HTTP-based adaptive code rate Streaming media transport protocol) protocol is an m3u8 file, and the video description file transmitted based on the DASH (dynamic adaptive Streaming over HTTP, HTTP dynamic adaptive Streaming) protocol is an mpd file.
After the playing terminal analyzes the video description file, basic information such as playing paths of videos with different definitions, video slicing playable time length, video size, video angle, video code rate and the like which can be played is obtained, and the ID number of the playing terminal, the playing paths of the videos which can be played, the definitions corresponding to each playing path and the like are transmitted to the home gateway through the information transmission channel.
Step S20: respectively calculating first connection bandwidth required by each video; respectively calculating the connection capacity between the home gateway and the video server corresponding to each playing path; calculating a second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal;
in this embodiment, the home gateway has a capability of deciding a playing path of the playing terminal, that is, has a capability of analyzing a connection state between the video server and the home gateway corresponding to each playing path, and analyzes a connection bandwidth condition between the home gateway and the playing terminal, and in combination with a video playing path that can be played by the playing terminal, recommends the playing terminal to use a certain playing path to play the video.
In this embodiment, after receiving the ID number sent by the play terminal, the play path of the playable video, and the definition corresponding to each play path, the home gateway may detect the first connection bandwidth required by the videos with different definitions; and detecting the connection capacity (including bandwidth size, transmission stability and the like) between the home gateway and the video server corresponding to each playing path, that is, detecting the bandwidth (the bandwidth should be greater than or equal to the video code rate) required by the video corresponding to different video playing paths and whether the corresponding video obtained from different video servers is continuously stable.
For example, the home gateway is connected to a corresponding video server through a video playing path to obtain a video, then calculates the size of data transmitted between the home gateway and the video server in a unit time, and then combines with a video code rate to obtain a required bandwidth, assuming that: acquiring a 10s video, wherein the transmission data is 50MB, the data transmitted between the video server and the video server in unit time is 50MB/10 s-5 MB/s, and when the video code rate of the video is 4MB/s, the required bandwidth can be 5MB/s because the video code rate is smaller than the data transmitted between the video server and the video server in unit time; for another example, within a certain time (e.g., 10s), no significant speed drop occurs, i.e., it is considered that the video acquisition is continuously stable.
Calculating a second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal, that is, detecting the bandwidth of a network connected between the home gateway and the playing terminal, which can be realized by a gateway speed measurement function, for example, calculating the data volume transmitted to the playing terminal in a unit time; and calculating the optimal playing path according to the information.
Step S30: determining a first video with the highest definition which can be played by the playing terminal from the videos with different definitions according to the first connection bandwidth, the second connection bandwidth and the connection capacity;
in this embodiment, the first connection bandwidth required by each video, the connection capability between the video server corresponding to each video and the home gateway, and the second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal are used as determining factors for the home gateway to decide the optimal playing path.
For example, the terminal K1 needs to play the video a online, where the video a has five resolutions, namely 240p, 360p, 720p, 1080p, and 2K (hereinafter, the video a with the resolution of 240p is referred to as a0, the video a with the resolution of 360p is referred to as a1, the video a with the resolution of 720p is referred to as a2, the video a with the resolution of 1080p is referred to as A3, and the video a with the resolution of 2K is referred to as a 4); the first connection bandwidth of a0 is N0, the first connection bandwidth of a1 is N1, the first connection bandwidth of a2 is N2, the first connection bandwidth of A3 is N3, and the first connection bandwidth of a4 is N4, wherein the larger the value of N0< N1< N2< N3< N4, the larger the value of N indicates the larger the first connection bandwidth; the connection capability between the video server corresponding to a0 and the home gateway is M0, the connection capability between the video server corresponding to a1 and the home gateway is M1, the connection capability between the video server corresponding to a2 and the home gateway is M2, the connection capability between the video server corresponding to A3 and the home gateway is M3, and the connection capability between the video server corresponding to a4 and the home gateway is M4.
If the second connection bandwidth is larger than Nx of any video Ax and Mx corresponding to any video Ax is larger than Nx, sorting the Nx corresponding to Ax, and taking the corresponding video Ax with the maximum Nx as a first video capable of being played by a playing terminal; specifically, assuming that the second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the cast terminal K1 is greater than N4, that is, the second connection bandwidth of the cast terminal K1 can support the casting of a0, a1, a2, A3 and a4, and assuming that M0 is greater than N0, M1 is greater than N1, M2 is greater than N2, M3 is less than N3, and M4 is less than N4, since M3 is less than N3 and M4 is less than N4, it is indicated that at this time, the connection capacity of M3 for A3 and M4 is poor for a4, and it is not enough to smoothly cast A3 with the first connection bandwidth of N3 and a4 with the first connection bandwidth of N4, a katton problem may occur, and therefore A3 and a4 are excluded; however, M0 is greater than N0, M1 is greater than N1, M2 is greater than N2, so that videos which can be played smoothly are a0 to a2, and N0 to N2 corresponding to a0 to a2 are sorted, that is, N0< N1< N2, since N2 is the largest, the definition of a2 is the highest; therefore, the home gateway will use a2 as the first video with the highest definition that can be played by the play terminal K1.
It should be noted that, if there are only 1 video requested by the playback terminal K, it means that there are no multiple definitions of the video, so that the video has only a unique video playback path, and at this time, the home gateway cannot select videos with different definitions for the playback terminal K1. However, for the video, when there are other broadcast terminals in the home gateway with multiple definitions and including the definition, the broadcast terminal may participate in competition as a member of a multi-user competitor to obtain the broadcast bandwidth required by the unique video, and only the multi-definition adjustment and optimization cannot be performed.
Step S40: and indicating a playing terminal to play the first video.
In the related art, the video that can be played by the bandwidth support of the playback terminal K1 includes a0, a1, a2, A3, and a4, where a0 corresponds to a playback path C0, a1 corresponds to a playback path C1, a2 corresponds to a playback path C2, A3 corresponds to a playback path C3, and a4 corresponds to a playback path C4; in general, the playback terminal K1 will preferentially select the a4 with the highest playback definition, but due to the poor connection capability of M4, the a4 will be jammed during playback, so that the user experience is poor, and at this time, the playback terminal K1 can only select a2 for playback after multiple passive selections, thereby reducing the quality of experience of the user.
In this embodiment, after the home gateway performs the above analysis, it will decide to use a2 as the optimal playing object of the playing terminal K1, and send the playing path corresponding to a2 to the playing terminal K1, and the playing terminal K1 will play a2 according to the playing path, because the definition of a2 is the highest (the highest definition is for a0 and a1 that can be played smoothly relatively), and the bandwidth between the corresponding video server and the home gateway is enough to play a2 smoothly, the problem of stutter and the like is not likely to occur, and the experience quality of the user is effectively improved.
As another embodiment, after parsing the video description file to obtain the playing paths corresponding to the playable videos, the playing terminal may number the playing paths to obtain a sequence number group, that is, there is a mapping relationship between the sequence number in the sequence number group and the playing paths, for example, if the sequence number of C0 is 0, the sequence number of C1 is 1, the sequence number of C2 is 2, the sequence number of C3 is 3, and the sequence number of C4 is 4, the sequence number group includes {0, 1, 2, 3, 4 }. Meanwhile, the playing terminal can send the serial number group information to the home gateway as a part of the basic information.
When the home gateway decides to use a2 as the optimal playing object of the playing terminal K1, since the playing path corresponding to a2 is C2 and the sequence number corresponding to C2 is 2, at this time, the sequence number 2 may be sent to the playing terminal; and when the playing terminal receives the sequence number 2, the playing path C2 corresponding to the sequence number 2 can be found from the sequence number group based on the mapping relationship for playing the video.
In addition, since there is a correlation between the broadcasting terminals in the home gateway, the network status of one broadcasting terminal changes, and the broadcasting status of other broadcasting terminals is likely to be affected. For example, the cast terminal K1 is transferred from a position close to the router to a position far from the router (assuming that the distance is large enough to affect the bandwidth of the cast terminal K1), the cast terminal K2 is transferred from a position far from the router to a position close to the router, and the cast terminal K3 is newly added in the home gateway; at this time, the real-time network status of the cast terminal K1 is highly likely to be deteriorated, that is, the second connection bandwidth becomes smaller, by the self-movement, the cast terminal K2 movement, and the cast terminal K3.
Therefore, the home gateway in the present application may also use the total bandwidth of the home gateway (Bmax is the maximum bandwidth of the gateway downlink), and the first connection bandwidth (VT) of the video address played by each playing terminaliI is the ith playing terminal), the current playing terminal can play the bandwidth VBn (i.e. the connection capability) required by the nth playing path, and the second connection bandwidth BT between the home gateway and the current playing terminal, etc. to decide the playing path. Wherein VB are arranged in descending order1To VBn, first, will (
The results of (1) are comparedIf the result is greater than 0, VB is compared1And size of BT, if BT>VB1Then VB1The corresponding playing path informs the playing terminal, the playing terminal plays the corresponding video according to the playing path, otherwise, VB is selected2And calculating until the optimal playing path is found.
According to the method and the device, the connection capability of the home gateway and the video server is detected, the played video is recommended by combining the second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal, the selection and decision of a network link in a playing system are facilitated, the risk of reduction of user experience caused by the influence of the internal environment of the home gateway is reduced, the playing smoothness and the definition of the playing terminal are considered, and the user experience is improved. Therefore, through the application, the video playing path with more transmission data, better transmission stability and higher definition in unit time can be screened out so that the playing terminal can play the video, the smoothness of video playing is improved, the playing terminal is not required to perform self-adaptive code stream switching based on the self bandwidth, and the user experience quality is improved.
Further, in the embodiment of the present application, after the step S40, the method further includes:
acquiring the playable time length of the playing terminal every other preset time length;
and calculating the difference value of the playable time lengths obtained in two adjacent times, and if the difference value is not equal to the preset time length, changing the playing path of the playing terminal.
Because each playing terminal in the home gateway has relevance, if the network link of the playing terminal changes (for example, a user takes a mobile phone to a farther place), the problem of bandwidth reduction may be encountered, and the problem of bandwidth reduction of the playing terminal may also be caused by the fact that other playing terminals access the gateway, so that the network state of one playing terminal changes, and the playing states of other playing terminals are possibly influenced. For example, the cast terminal K1 is transferred from a position close to the router to a position far from the router (assuming that the distance is large enough to affect the bandwidth of the cast terminal K1), the cast terminal K2 is transferred from a position far from the router to a position close to the router, and the cast terminal K3 is newly added in the home gateway; at this time, the network state of the cast terminal K1 is highly likely to be deteriorated by the self-movement, the cast terminal K2 movement, and the cast terminal K3. Therefore, how to decide playing according to multiple factors of each playing terminal in a home gateway in a downlink network in a streaming media transmission system under the conditions of limited network resources and multi-user competition to realize optimal streaming media transmission is also one of the technical problems to be solved by the application.
In this embodiment, taking an example that the playback terminal K1 is playing a2, the playback terminal K1 takes 5S as a cycle in the process of playing a video, calculates the playable time length TC according to the information such as the data size HN that has been buffered by itself and the video code rate VB that is playing, that is, TC ═ HN/VB, and sends information such as TC, the buffer capacity of itself, and the playback path S of a2 to the home gateway; the home gateway calculates a difference value of the playable time lengths obtained in two adjacent times, and if the difference value is not equal to a preset time length (the preset time length is 5s), the playing path of the playing terminal K1 is changed, namely, the definition is improved or reduced.
Specifically, the playable time length calculated at the time T1 is set to be TC1, and the playable time length calculated at the time T2 is set to be TC2, where the time T1 is before the time T2 and the time T1 is 5s different from the time T2 (that is, the preset time length is 5 s); if TC1 is 10s and TC2 is 15s, the difference between the playable durations of two adjacent times is 5, which is exactly equal to the preset duration, which indicates that the network environment can better play a2 at this time, and network congestion does not occur, but the network environment is not suitable for playing A3 with higher definition; further, assuming that TC1 is 10s and TC2 is 22s, the difference between the playable time lengths of two adjacent times is 12, which is much larger than the preset time length, which indicates that the network environment is good at this time and A3 with higher definition can be played, so that at this time, the home gateway sends the play path of A3 to the play terminal K1, and the play terminal K1 switches the play path to the play path corresponding to A3.
Furthermore, in this embodiment of the application, when the playable time length obtained later is less than the playable time length obtained earlier, or the playable time length obtained later is greater than the playable time length obtained earlier and the difference between the playable time lengths obtained twice in the vicinity is less than the preset time length, the changing of the playing path of the playing terminal includes: detecting whether other videos with the definition smaller than that of the first video exist in a plurality of videos with different definitions which can be played; and if so, executing the step of respectively calculating the first connection bandwidth required by each video.
In this embodiment, taking an example that the playback terminal K1 is playing a2, the playback terminal K1 sets a playable time length calculated at the time of T1 as TC1 and a playable time length calculated at the time of T2 as TC2 with a period of 5s in the process of playing a video, where the time of T1 is before the time of T2 and the time of T1 is 5s different from the time of T2 (that is, the preset time length is 5 s); if the TC1 is 10s and the TC2 is 5s, the difference between the playable durations of two adjacent times is-5, which is smaller than the preset duration, which indicates that the network environment is affected and the network state is poor, and the playback of a2 cannot be supported well; or, assuming that TC1 is 10s and TC2 is 12s, the difference between playable durations of two adjacent times is 2, which is still smaller than the preset duration, which indicates that the network environment is also affected at this time, although the effect is not particularly large, the network state is developing in a worse direction, so that the playback of a2 may not be well supported, and if the playback of a2 is continued, network congestion may occur, so that the definition needs to be reduced, so that the playback terminal K1 can smoothly play the video.
At this time, the home gateway will start to detect whether there are other videos with the definition less than a2 in the multiple videos with different definitions that can be played; after detection, the home gateway finds that a0 and a1 with the definition smaller than a2 exist, the home gateway re-executes the step S20 to the step S40, selects the optimal video from the a0 and the a1, and sends the playing path corresponding to the video to the playing terminal K1, and the playing terminal K1 switches the original playing path of the a2 to the latest playing path.
Further, in this embodiment of the present application, after the step of detecting whether there are other videos with a definition smaller than that of the first video in the plurality of videos with different definitions that can be played, the method further includes:
if no other video with the definition smaller than that of the first video exists in the videos with different definitions which can be played, changing the playing path of at least one other playing terminal so as to reduce the bandwidth occupied by the at least one other playing terminal;
updating the second connection bandwidth based on the bandwidth reduced from the bandwidth occupied by the at least one other playing terminal, and performing the step of calculating the first connection bandwidth required by each video respectively.
In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the playback terminal K1 can play only videos a2 and A3; according to the previous embodiment, it can be known that the definition needs to be reduced so that the playback terminal K1 can play the video smoothly, at this time, the home gateway will start to detect whether there are other videos with the definition less than a2 in the multiple videos with different definitions that can be played, and after the detection, it is found that there are no other videos with the definition less than a 2; then, the home gateway detects whether there is a changeable playing path in other playing terminals (including the playing terminal K2, the playing terminal K3, etc.), and adjusts the connection state between the home gateway and the playing terminal, where the connection state is most commonly a bandwidth, and may also be a channel or a protocol in a wireless connection.
In the present application, for example, the connection state is a bandwidth, and the other cast terminals are cast terminals K2, the videos playable by the cast terminal K2 include a0, a1, a2, and A3. Assuming that the cast terminal K2 is casting A3, at this time, the home gateway detects that cast terminal K2 has a lower definition of a0, a1 and a2 available for casting; then, the home gateway will force the playback path of a2 with the definition smaller than A3 to be sent to the playback terminal K2, thereby reducing the bandwidth occupied by the playback terminal K2, and allocating the reduced bandwidth of the playback terminal K2 to the playback terminal K1, thereby increasing the second connection bandwidth between the playback terminal K1 and the home gateway. The home gateway will re-execute step S20 to step S40, select the optimal video from a2 and A3, and send the playing path corresponding to the video to the playing terminal K1, and the playing terminal K1 switches the original playing path to the latest playing path.
Furthermore, in this embodiment of the application, when the playable time length obtained later is greater than the playable time length obtained earlier and the difference between the playable time lengths obtained twice in the vicinity of the playable time length is greater than the preset time length, the changing the playing path of the playing terminal includes:
detecting whether other videos with higher definition than the first video exist in a plurality of videos with different definition and can be played;
and if so, executing the step of respectively calculating the first connection bandwidth required by each video.
In this embodiment, taking an example that the playback terminal K1 is playing a2, the playback terminal K1 sets a playable time length calculated at the time of T1 as TC1 and a playable time length calculated at the time of T2 as TC2 with a period of 5s in the process of playing a video, where the time of T1 is before the time of T2 and the time of T1 is 5s different from the time of T2 (that is, the preset time length is 5 s); if TC1 is 10s and TC2 is 25s, the difference between the playable time lengths of two adjacent times is 15, which is much larger than the preset time length, which indicates that the network environment is good at this time, and a video with higher definition can be played.
At this time, the home gateway will start to detect whether there are other videos with definition greater than a2 in the multiple videos with different definition that can be played; after detection, it is found that there are A3 and a4 with the definition greater than a2, the home gateway re-executes step S20 to step S40, and selects the optimal video from A3 and a4 according to the principle that the sum of the bandwidths of the videos being played by all the playing terminals is less than Bmax, and sends the playing path corresponding to the video to the playing terminal K1, and the playing terminal K1 switches the original playing path of a2 to the latest playing path.
The home gateway in the application calculates the bandwidth required by the playing terminal and the definition capable of being improved by analyzing the network connection condition of the multi-playing terminal and combining the playing condition of the playing terminal, and can allocate the bandwidth to the playing terminal and switch the playing path in advance. Compared with the current situation that the current playing terminal passively accepts adjustment, the method realizes the optimization of user experience in the transmission layer.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application further provides a code rate adaptive apparatus, including:
the device comprises a first acquisition unit, a second acquisition unit and a third acquisition unit, wherein the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring basic information of a playing terminal, and the basic information comprises a plurality of videos with different definitions and playing paths corresponding to the videos, which can be played by the playing terminal;
a calculating unit, configured to calculate first connection bandwidths required for the videos respectively; respectively calculating the connection capacity between the home gateway and the video server corresponding to each playing path; calculating a second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal;
a screening unit, configured to determine, according to the first connection bandwidth, the second connection bandwidth, and the connection capability, a first video with a highest definition that can be played by the playing terminal from among the videos with different definitions;
and the indicating unit is used for indicating the playing terminal to play the first video.
Through the method and the device, the video playing path with more transmission data, better transmission stability and higher definition in unit time can be screened out so that the playing terminal can play the video, the smoothness of video playing is improved, the playing terminal is not required to perform self-adaptive code stream switching based on the self bandwidth, and the user experience quality is improved.
Further, in an embodiment of the present application, the apparatus further includes: the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the playable time length of the playing terminal every preset time length; the path changing unit is used for calculating a difference value of the playable time lengths acquired at two adjacent times, and changing the playing path of the playing terminal if the difference value is not equal to the preset time length.
Furthermore, in this embodiment of the present application, the apparatus further includes a detecting unit, and when the playable time length obtained after the last time is less than the playable time length obtained before, or the playable time length obtained after the last time is greater than the playable time length obtained before and a difference between the playable time lengths obtained twice adjacent to each other is less than the preset time length, the detecting unit is configured to: detecting whether other videos with the definition smaller than that of the first video exist in a plurality of videos with different definitions which can be played;
if yes, the following is executed through the computing unit, the screening unit and the indicating unit: respectively calculating first connection bandwidth required by each video; respectively calculating the connection capacity between the home gateway and the video server corresponding to each playing path; calculating a second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal; and determining a first video with the highest definition which can be played by the playing terminal from the videos with different definitions according to the first connection bandwidth, the second connection bandwidth and the connection capacity, and sending a playing path of the first video to the playing terminal so that the playing terminal can play the first video according to the playing path.
Further, in an embodiment of the present application, the apparatus further includes a bandwidth adjusting unit, configured to: if no other video with the definition smaller than that of the first video exists in the videos with different definitions which can be played, changing the playing path of at least one other playing terminal so as to reduce the connection bandwidth occupied by the at least one other playing terminal; updating the second connection bandwidth based on a bandwidth reduced from the connection bandwidth occupied by the at least one other playback terminal, and executing the following through the calculation unit, the screening unit, and the indication unit: respectively calculating first connection bandwidth required by each video; respectively calculating the connection capacity between the home gateway and the video server corresponding to each playing path; calculating a second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal; and determining a first video with the highest definition which can be played by the playing terminal from the videos with different definitions according to the first connection bandwidth, the second connection bandwidth and the connection capacity, and sending a playing path of the first video to the playing terminal so that the playing terminal can play the first video according to the playing path.
Furthermore, in this embodiment of the application, when the playable time length obtained later is greater than the playable time length obtained earlier and the difference between the playable time lengths obtained two adjacent times is greater than the preset time length, the detecting unit is further configured to: detecting whether other videos with higher definition than the first video exist in a plurality of videos with different definition and can be played;
if yes, the following is executed through the computing unit, the screening unit and the indicating unit: respectively calculating first connection bandwidth required by each video; respectively calculating the connection capacity between the home gateway and the video server corresponding to each playing path; calculating a second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal; and determining a first video with the highest definition which can be played by the playing terminal from the videos with different definitions according to the first connection bandwidth, the second connection bandwidth and the connection capacity, and sending a playing path of the first video to the playing terminal so that the playing terminal can play the first video according to the playing path.
Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present application, the connection capability includes a size of a connection bandwidth and stability of data transmission.
It should be noted that, as is clear to those skilled in the art, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the apparatus and each unit described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing embodiments of the code rate adaptive method, and are not described herein again.
The apparatus provided in the foregoing embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program, which can run on the code rate adaptation device shown in fig. 3.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a code rate adaptive device, including: the code rate adaptive method comprises a memory, a processor and a network interface which are connected through a system bus, wherein at least one instruction is stored in the memory, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the processor so as to realize all steps or partial steps of the code rate adaptive method.
The network interface is used for performing network communication, such as sending distributed tasks. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture shown in fig. 3 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the disclosed aspects and is not intended to limit the computing devices to which the disclosed aspects apply, as particular computing devices may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
The Processor may be a CPU, other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, or the like. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like, the processor being the control center of the computer device and the various interfaces and lines connecting the various parts of the overall computer device.
The memory may be used to store computer programs and/or modules, and the processor may implement various functions of the computer device by executing or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory, as well as by invoking data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a video playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as video data, image data, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, etc. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements all or part of the steps of the foregoing code rate adaptation method.
The embodiments of the present application may implement all or part of the foregoing processes, or may be implemented by a computer program to instruct related hardware, where the computer program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program may implement the steps of the foregoing methods. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer readable medium may include: any entity or device, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, Read-only memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunication signals, software distribution medium, etc., capable of carrying computer program code. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain other components which may be suitably increased or decreased as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, in accordance with legislation and patent practice, the computer readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, server, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or system that comprises the element.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A code rate adaptive method, comprising the steps of:
acquiring basic information of a playing terminal, wherein the basic information comprises a plurality of videos with different definitions which can be played by the playing terminal and playing paths corresponding to the videos;
respectively calculating first connection bandwidth required by each video;
respectively calculating the connection capacity between the home gateway and the video server corresponding to each playing path;
calculating a second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal;
determining a first video with the highest definition which can be played by the playing terminal from the videos with different definitions according to the first connection bandwidth, the second connection bandwidth and the connection capacity;
and indicating a playing terminal to play the first video.
2. The bitrate adaptive method according to claim 1, wherein after the instructing the playback terminal to play the first video, further comprising:
acquiring the playable time length of the playing terminal every other preset time length;
and calculating the difference value of the playable time lengths obtained in two adjacent times, and if the difference value is not equal to the preset time length, changing the playing path of the playing terminal.
3. The code rate adaptive method according to claim 2, wherein when the subsequently obtained playable time length is less than the previously obtained playable time length, or the subsequently obtained playable time length is greater than the previously obtained playable time length and a difference between the two adjacent playable time lengths is less than the preset time length, the changing the playing path of the playing terminal comprises:
detecting whether other videos with the definition smaller than that of the first video exist in a plurality of videos with different definitions which can be played;
and if so, executing the step of respectively calculating the first connection bandwidth required by each video.
4. The bitrate adaptive method according to claim 3, wherein after the step of detecting whether there are other videos with lower definition than the first video in the playable videos with different definition, the method further comprises:
if no other video with the definition smaller than that of the first video exists in the videos with different definitions which can be played, changing the playing path of at least one other playing terminal so as to reduce the bandwidth occupied by the at least one other playing terminal;
updating the second connection bandwidth based on the bandwidth reduced from the bandwidth occupied by the at least one other playing terminal, and performing the step of calculating the first connection bandwidth required by each video respectively.
5. The code rate adaptive method according to claim 2, wherein when the playable time length obtained later is greater than the playable time length obtained earlier and the difference between the playable time lengths obtained twice adjacent to each other is greater than the preset time length, the changing the playing path of the playing terminal comprises:
detecting whether other videos with higher definition than the first video exist in a plurality of videos with different definition and can be played;
and if so, executing the step of respectively calculating the first connection bandwidth required by each video.
6. The code rate adaptation method of claim 1, wherein: the connection capability includes the size of connection bandwidth and the stability of data transmission.
7. A code rate adaptation apparatus, comprising:
the device comprises a first acquisition unit, a second acquisition unit and a third acquisition unit, wherein the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring basic information of a playing terminal, and the basic information comprises a plurality of videos with different definitions and playing paths corresponding to the videos, which can be played by the playing terminal;
a calculating unit, configured to calculate first connection bandwidths required for the videos respectively; respectively calculating the connection capacity between the home gateway and the video server corresponding to each playing path; calculating a second connection bandwidth between the home gateway and the playing terminal;
a screening unit, configured to determine, according to the first connection bandwidth, the second connection bandwidth, and the connection capability, a first video with a highest definition that can be played by the playing terminal from among the videos with different definitions;
and the indicating unit is used for indicating the playing terminal to play the first video.
8. The code rate adaptation apparatus of claim 7, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the playable time length of the playing terminal every preset time length;
and the path changing unit is used for calculating the difference value of the playable time lengths acquired at two adjacent times, and changing the playing path of the playing terminal if the difference value is not equal to the preset time length.
9. A code rate adaptation device, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein at least one instruction, the at least one instruction to be loaded and executed by the processor to implement the code rate adaptation method of any of claims 1 to 6.
10. A computer-readable storage medium characterized by: the computer storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the code rate adaptation method of any of claims 1 to 6.
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Application publication date: 20211130 |