CN113721947A

CN113721947A - Method and device for upgrading block chain contract original address

Info

Publication number: CN113721947A
Application number: CN202110824082.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王晓亮; 俞波
Original assignee: Hangzhou Rivtower Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Rivtower Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-21
Filing date: 2021-07-21
Publication date: 2021-11-30

Abstract

The embodiment of the specification discloses a method and a device for upgrading a block chaining contract original address, wherein in the method, a block chaining contract account comprises a contract code hash value field code _ hash; when the contract code changes, the method comprises the following steps: creating a contract upgrade transaction, the contract upgrade transaction including a contract address field address and a contract code field content; executing the contract upgrade transaction; and when a common transaction is sent to the block chain, calling the upgraded contract according to the original contract address. The intelligent contract upgrading method and the intelligent contract upgrading system have the advantages that the intelligent contract is upgraded in place by creating and sending the special blockchain transaction without redirection operation, the storage content of the original contract can be utilized, the complicated contract upgrading process is avoided, and the efficiency and the flexibility of contract calling are improved.

Description

Method and device for upgrading block chain contract original address

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of computer software technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for upgrading a block chaining contract original address, and an electronic device.

Background

In software engineering, when new bugs and security risks are discovered, they are typically patched and updated versions are pushed in real time. In intelligent contract development of blockchains, scalability is not so simple, that is, the source code cannot be changed any more once the intelligent contract is deployed. Although it is impossible to upgrade the code in the deployed intelligent contracts, the scalability is still an active area of research, and especially the EVM contracts of the blockchain always face the problem that the contract logic changes and needs to be upgraded. Existing intelligent contract upgrading methods include using methods such as registration contracts, proxy contracts, storage contracts, and the like. The proxy contract can be used for upgrading the main processing logic by designing a proxy contract structure which can enable a user to obtain a new contract address by a mode of newly deploying a contract and redirecting a transaction sent to an original contract through the proxy contract. Then, the above methods may cause failure of the intelligent contract due to abuse or newly discovered vulnerabilities, and particularly cannot perform in-place upgrade, resulting in a cumbersome upgrade flow, which reduces efficiency and flexibility of contract invocation.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the specification aims to provide a method and a device for upgrading a block chain contract original address, aiming at the problem of upgrading a block chain intelligent contract.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the embodiments of the present specification are implemented as follows:

in a first aspect, a method for upgrading a block chaining contract original address is provided, where a block chaining contract account includes a contract code hash value field code _ hash; when the contract code changes, the method comprises the following steps:

creating a contract upgrade transaction, the contract upgrade transaction including a contract address field address and a contract code field content;

executing the contract upgrade transaction;

and when a common transaction is sent to the block chain, calling the upgraded contract according to the original contract address.

In a second aspect, an apparatus for block chaining original address upgrade is provided, including:

a blockchain account management module for managing blockchain contract accounts, wherein the blockchain contract accounts comprise a contract code hash value field code _ hash;

a contract upgrade transaction creation module for creating a contract upgrade transaction, the transaction including a contract address field address and a contract code field content;

and the contract upgrading transaction execution module is used for executing the contract upgrading transaction update block chain contract account and the contract code.

In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, including: a processor; and

a memory arranged to store computer executable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the method of the first aspect.

In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is presented, storing one or more programs which, when executed by an electronic device comprising a plurality of application programs, cause the electronic device to perform the method of the first aspect.

The specification can achieve at least the following technical effects:

the intelligent contract upgrading method and the intelligent contract upgrading system have the advantages that the intelligent contract is upgraded in place by creating and sending the special blockchain transaction without redirection operation, the storage content of the original contract can be utilized, the complicated contract upgrading process is avoided, and the efficiency and the flexibility of contract calling are improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present specification, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating steps of a block chaining original address upgrading method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a second step diagram of a block chaining original address upgrading method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a third step diagram of a block chaining original address upgrading method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for upgrading a block chaining original address according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present specification.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present specification, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present specification without any inventive step should fall within the scope of protection of the present specification.

Key terms

Block chaining techniques: the distributed data processing system is a brand new distributed infrastructure and computing paradigm for verifying and storing data by using a block chain type data structure, generating and updating data by using a distributed node consensus algorithm, ensuring the safety of data transmission and access by using a cryptographic mode, and programming and operating data by using an intelligent contract consisting of automatic script codes. In essence, it is a shared database, and the data or information stored in it has the characteristics of being unforgeable, having trace in the whole course, being traceable, being publicly transparent, being maintained collectively, and the like. Based on the characteristics, the block chain technology lays a solid trust foundation, creates a reliable cooperation mechanism and has wide application prospect. The block chains are classified into public, alliance and private chains according to admission mechanisms.

Ethernet virtual machine EVM: the Ethernet room virtual machine EVM is a light-weight virtual machine, and is used for compiling intelligent contract codes into machine codes which can be executed on the Ethernet rooms and providing an operating environment of the intelligent contracts. Its functionality is slightly different from that of a traditional operating system, and the EVM is built to be responsible for many of the critical functions of the ethernet in addition to simulating operations that can be performed by a physical CPU. The method is a sandbox environment which is completely isolated from the outside, and the method cannot access networks and files during operation, and has limited access rights even among different contracts. Although the blockchain is programmable, it is difficult to develop applications based on the blockchain because of the limited functionality supported by the scripting system. The Ethenhouse is packaged and perfected based on the block chain bottom layer technology, and an important innovation is the Ethenhouse virtual machine and the contract-oriented high-level programming language, so that developers can concentrate on the application, more conveniently and quickly develop decentralized application programs, and the development difficulty is greatly reduced.

A blockchain account: including external accounts and contract accounts. The external account is an account created by a human user of the Ethernet workshop network, is related to a public key and a private key pair, and is derived by carrying out secondary hash on the public key to obtain the last 20 bytes of a result; the contract account, controlled by the code of the intelligent contract, has only the code, where stored is the contract code hash value, i.e., the hash value of the etherhouse virtual machine code of this account, which is not modifiable after generation, meaning that the intelligent contract code is not modifiable. The embodiment of the invention relates to a block chain contract account. Typically, the contract account fields generally include: the fields of the account include a random number nonce, balance of the account, contract code codeHash, store. The fields of a contract are stored in relation to the order in which they are declared within the contract.

Intelligent contracts and contract codes: an intelligent contract is a program that implements automated processing of traditional contracts in the form of computer instructions. In short, when two parties trade on the blockchain assets, a section of code which is executed is triggered, and the section of code is the intelligent contract. The intelligent contract program is not only a computer program which can be automatically executed, but also a system participant, responds to the received information, can receive and store the value, can send the information and the value outwards, and always executes the operation according to the prior rule. The code of the intelligent contract is stored on the node as an index with the hash value of the contract code.

The agent contract: although the deployed intelligent contract code cannot be updated, a proxy contract framework is arranged, and a new contract is deployed to achieve the purpose of contract upgrading. The proxy mode passes all message calls through the proxy contract, which redirects the call request to the newly deployed contract. If the contract needs to be upgraded, the address of the upgraded new contract is updated to the proxy contract.

Merkel tree: the block chain is used as a distributed account book, and in principle, each node in the network should include all blocks in the whole block chain, and as the block chain is longer and longer, the hard disk of the node may not be placed. The introduction of the merkel tree in the block chain solves this problem. Specifically, all transactions in a block will find the hash value, and the obtained hash values are combined into a new text two by two to find the hash value, and so on until the last hash value, i.e. the root hash value state _ root, is generated, and the binary tree formed by these hash values is the mercker tree.

The scheme of using static merkel tree in a block chain referred to in this specification is described in detail below by way of specific examples.

Example one

For the problem that the hash computation amount of the mercker tree is large, and especially the hash computation performance requirement is higher in the application scenario of the federation chain, the embodiment provides a method for using a static mercker tree in a block chain, and the steps of the embodiment are shown in fig. 1. First, the blockchain contract account includes a contract code hash value field code _ hash. It should be noted here that a contract is created or a contract is upgraded, and since the contract code changes, this field also changes, so that the modification of the contract code can be reflected in the root state _ root of the mercker tree according to the principle of the mercker tree.

Thus, when a contract code changes, it includes:

step 101: a contract upgrade transaction is created that includes a contract address field address and a contract code field content.

Optionally, the address field address of the contract upgrading transaction is used for storing an original contract address to be upgraded; the contract code field content of the contract upgrade transaction is used to store the modified contract code.

It should be noted here that, in general, a blockchain transaction includes two types of data: a transaction input and a transaction output. In the embodiment of the invention, a special transaction structure is used, and the corresponding relation between the original contract address to be upgraded and the modified contract code according to the specified address is realized by utilizing the workflow of the transaction, namely the workflow of transaction generation, transaction propagation, workload certification, full node verification, block chain recording and the like.

Step 102: executing the contract upgrade transaction.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 2, executing the contract upgrade transaction includes:

step 121: modifying a contract code hash value field code _ hash of the blockchain contract account to a new contract code hash value;

step 122: storing the new contract code into the corresponding block chain node according to the new contract code hash value field code _ hash;

step 123: and updating the Mercker tree root hash value state _ root of the block chain contract account.

It should be noted here that a change in the code _ hash field value directly causes a change in the mercker tree root hash value state _ root of the balance account, which is determined by the mercker tree definition of the contract account. Particularly, under the condition that the contract account address is not changed, once the contract code is changed, the code Hash _ Hash is changed, and the purpose that the contract code is changed under the original address so as to realize upgrading is achieved.

Step 103: and when a common transaction is sent to the block chain, calling the upgraded contract according to the original contract address.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, invoking the upgraded contract according to the original contract address includes:

step 131: obtaining values of each field of the contract account from a Mercker tree root hash value state _ root of the block chain contract account;

step 132: finding a new contract code according to the hash value field code _ hash of the contract code of the contract account;

step 133: new contract code is loaded and executed.

In the existing proxy contract mode, all messages indirectly invoke the newly deployed logical contract through one proxy contract. If an upgrade is desired, only a new contract needs to be deployed and then the reference to the new contract address is updated in the proxy contract. In the embodiment of the invention, only one special transaction is substituted for the agent contract, particularly in an Ethernet blockchain, the purpose of the special transaction is to register the contract, and in the embodiment of the invention, the aim of upgrading the contract code by using the original contract address is substantially achieved by performing the so-called contract registration in a mode of still using the original contract address.

Example two

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a block chaining original address upgrading apparatus 400 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, a block chain contract original address upgrade apparatus includes:

a blockchain account management module 401 configured to manage a blockchain contract account, where the blockchain contract account includes a contract code hash value field code _ hash.

A contract upgrade transaction creation module 402 for creating a contract upgrade transaction that includes a contract address field address and a contract code field content.

Optionally, the transaction address field address created by the contract upgrading transaction creating module is used for storing an original contract address to be upgraded, and the transaction contract code field content is used for storing a modified contract code.

And a contract upgrade transaction execution module 403 for executing a contract upgrade transaction update block linking the contract account and the contract code.

Optionally, the contract upgrade transaction execution module includes:

modifying a contract code hash value field code _ hash of the blockchain contract account to a new contract code hash value;

storing the new contract code into the corresponding block chain node according to the new contract code hash value field code _ hash;

and updating the Mercker tree root hash value state _ root of the block chain contract account.

Optionally, the block chaining contract original address upgrading apparatus further includes a contract invoking module 404 for invoking the upgraded contract according to the original address, including:

obtaining values of each field of the contract account from a Mercker tree root hash value state _ root of the block chain contract account;

finding a new contract code according to the hash value field code _ hash of the contract code of the contract account;

new contract code is loaded and executed.

It should be understood that the block chaining original address upgrade apparatus according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may also perform the method performed by the block chaining original address upgrade apparatus (or device) in fig. 1 to 3, and implement the functions of the block chaining original address upgrade apparatus (or device) in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 3, which are not described herein again.

EXAMPLE III

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present specification. Referring to fig. 5, at a hardware level, the electronic device includes a processor, and optionally further includes an internal bus, a network interface, and a memory. The Memory may include a Memory, such as a Random-Access Memory (RAM), and may further include a non-volatile Memory, such as at least 1 disk Memory. Of course, the electronic device may also include hardware required for other services.

The processor, the network interface, and the memory may be connected to each other via an internal bus, which may be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one double-headed arrow is shown in FIG. 5, but this does not indicate only one bus or one type of bus.

And the memory is used for storing programs. In particular, the program may include program code comprising computer operating instructions. The memory may include both memory and non-volatile storage and provides instructions and data to the processor.

The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the nonvolatile memory into the memory and then runs the computer program to form the shared resource access control device on the logic level. The processor is used for executing the program stored in the memory and is specifically used for executing the following operations:

the blockchain contract account includes a contract code hash value field code hash; when the contract code changes, the method comprises the following steps:

executing the contract upgrade transaction;

The block chaining original address upgrading method disclosed in the embodiments of fig. 1 to 3 of the present specification can be applied to or implemented by a processor. The processor may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software. The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but also Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The various methods, steps and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present specification may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present specification may be embodied directly in a hardware decoding processor, or in a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and a processor reads information in the memory and completes the steps of the method in combination with hardware of the processor.

Of course, besides the software implementation, the electronic device of the embodiment of the present disclosure does not exclude other implementations, such as a logic device or a combination of software and hardware, and the like, that is, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, and may also be hardware or a logic device.

Example four

Embodiments of the present specification also propose a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by a portable electronic device comprising a plurality of application programs, are capable of causing the portable electronic device to perform the method of the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 3, and in particular to perform the method of:

executing the contract upgrade transaction;

In short, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present specification shall be included in the protection scope of the present specification.

The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. One typical implementation device is a computer. In particular, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular telephone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.

Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.

It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.

Claims

1. A block chaining contract original address upgrading method is characterized in that a block chaining contract account comprises a contract code hash value field code hash; when the contract code changes, the method comprises the following steps:

executing the contract upgrade transaction;

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the address field address of the contract upgrade transaction is used to store the original contract address to be upgraded; the contract code field content of the contract upgrade transaction is used to store the modified contract code.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein executing the contract upgrade transaction comprises:

4. The method of claim 1, wherein invoking the upgraded contract according to the original contract address comprises:

new contract code is loaded and executed.

5. A block chaining original address upgrade apparatus, comprising:

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the contract upgrade transaction creation module creates a transaction address field address for holding an original contract address to be upgraded and a transaction contract code field content for holding a modified contract code.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the contract upgrade transaction execution module comprises:

8. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a contract calling module for calling the upgraded contract according to the original address, comprising:

new contract code is loaded and executed.

9. An electronic device, comprising:

a processor; and

a memory arranged to store computer executable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 4.

10. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores one or more programs that, when executed by an electronic device comprising a plurality of application programs, cause the electronic device to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 4.