CN113709879B - Two-dimensional resource allocation method based on high-energy-efficiency information transmission - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0426—Power distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/046—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0473—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being transmission power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
- H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
- H04W72/543—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria based on requested quality, e.g. QoS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The application discloses a two-dimensional resource allocation method for realizing high-energy-efficiency information transmission, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: for an end-to-end multi-antenna wireless communication system, in the spatial dimension, dividing the transmission space into a plurality of spatial channels by MIMO; then in the frequency dimension, the transmission frequency is dynamically adjusted by dividing frequency channels; by combining the space dimension and the frequency dimension, the system power distribution method is expanded from original one-dimensional distribution to two-dimensional distribution; the system works in a low signal-to-noise ratio area by adjusting the quantity of resources distributed in two dimensions, so that the aim of high-energy-efficiency information transmission is fulfilled. Meanwhile, aiming at the problem of low transmission rate caused by the system working in a low signal-to-noise ratio area, the application ensures the high-energy-efficiency transmission of the system and maintains the transmission rate at a higher level by increasing the number of resources in two dimensions.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of wireless communication resource allocation methods, and particularly relates to a two-dimensional resource allocation method based on high-energy-efficiency information transmission.
Background
With the development and introduction of 5G, the transmission rate of mobile communication is continuously increasing, and at the same time, the energy consumed by communication is also continuously increasing. In recent years, the proportion of consumed energy in the communication industry is increasing, and wireless communication is becoming a heavy energy consumption. Therefore, how to improve the energy efficiency of wireless communication is becoming an important point of research.
The energy efficiency of wireless communication is generally defined as the number of bits that can be transmitted per joule of energy. According to shannon's channel theorem, the energy efficiency of wireless communication is maintained at a high level under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions. Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) technology can effectively improve the energy efficiency of the system, and has received a great deal of attention. Through the joint action of a plurality of antennas, the whole space can be regarded as being divided into a plurality of equivalent space channels, and the transmitting end distributes power on the plurality of channels, so that the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio of each channel is maintained at a lower level, and the energy efficiency of the whole system is improved. However, MIMO has limited improvement in energy efficiency due to the limitation of the number of antennas at the device side.
Improving the system transmission bandwidth is also an effective way to improve energy efficiency. The shannon channel capacity theorem gives the relationship between the transmission bandwidth and the maximum transmission rate of the channel. When the transmission bandwidth of the channel is continuously increased, the energy efficiency is gradually increased, and finally, the value tends to be stable. However, further research is required for allocation of frequency resources in consideration of restrictions of frequency spectrum resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a two-dimensional resource allocation method based on high-energy-efficiency information transmission, which aims to solve the technical problems that the wireless communication high-energy-efficiency transmission is realized, the energy efficiency is improved, and the system transmission rate is ensured to meet the system requirement.
In order to solve the technical problems, the specific technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a two-dimensional resource allocation method based on high-energy-efficiency information transmission comprises the following steps:
step 1, in the space dimension, dividing a transmission space into a plurality of space channels through MIMO;
step 2, in the frequency dimension, dividing the transmission bandwidth by dividing frequency channels, and simultaneously adjusting the number of the required frequency channels according to the channel information pairs;
step 3, defining a two-dimensional resource block through the divided space channel and frequency channel, and carrying out power distribution on the basis of the two-dimensional resource block; and through the joint action of the resources in two dimensions, the transmission signal-to-noise ratio on each resource block is reduced, so that the energy efficiency of the total system is improved.
Further, the step 1 specifically includes the following steps:
according to the antenna number M of the transmitting end of the multi-antenna system s And receivingTerminal antenna number M r Determining a channel transmission matrix corresponding to MIMOPerforming eigenvalue decomposition on the channel transmission matrix H to obtain M equivalent space channels; the transmission state of the equivalent spatial channel corresponds to the eigenvalue lambda of the channel transmission matrix H 1 ,λ 2 ,...,λ M 。
Further, the step 2 specifically includes the following steps:
step 2.1, according to the total transmission bandwidth B of the system and the transmission bandwidth B of each frequency channel 0 Determining the total frequency channel number as N 0 Wherein
Step 2.2, according to the system transmission rate requirement C min Signal-to-noise ratio requirement SNR for energy-efficient wireless communications th The number N of frequency channels used for communication is determined by a frequency channel selection algorithm.
Further, the formula that the frequency channel selection algorithm in step 2.2 needs to satisfy is:
where N represents the number of selected channels, lambda i,k Representing a transmission matrix H representing the correspondence of channel i i Is the kth eigenvalue of ρ i,k The representation then transmits the signal to noise ratio.
Further, the step 3 includes the following steps:
step 3.1, defining resource blocks R based on the communication channels divided in the frequency dimension and the space dimension ij Respectively corresponding to an ith frequency channel and a jth space channel;
step 3.2, the total number of the resource blocks is MxN, and the corresponding channel state of each resource block is determined by a space channel and a frequency channel at the same time; the system distributes power to all resource blocks and calculates the transmission rate corresponding to each resource block;
step 3.3, calculating the final system energy efficiency according to the total transmission rate and the consumed power.
The two-dimensional resource allocation method based on the high-energy-efficiency information transmission has the following advantages:
1. the method fully utilizes the resources of the frequency dimension and the space dimension by defining the two-dimensional resource blocks; through power distribution, each resource block works in a low signal to noise ratio state, and the energy efficiency of the system is ensured to be maintained at a higher level. Meanwhile, the two-dimensional resource blocks reduce the requirement on resources with a single dimension, and the feasibility of the method is improved;
2. the application can effectively control the number of the whole resource blocks by dynamically adjusting the number of the resources in each dimension, and ensures that the total transmission rate can meet the requirement of high-rate transmission of a system even if the system works in a low signal-to-noise ratio area;
3. the power allocation method for the resource block has stronger adjustability and can carry out finer power allocation according to the channel state information.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of energy efficiency versus signal to noise ratio for the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional resource block of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting end and a receiving end of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the energy efficiency of the system of the present application with a massive MIMO system;
fig. 5 is a graph of the energy efficiency of the system of the present application versus two-dimensional channel resources.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present application, the following describes in further detail a two-dimensional resource allocation method based on energy-efficient information transmission with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Step 1, for an end-to-end wireless communication system, the number of transmitting end antennas is M s The number of the antenna at the receiving end is M r ，And transmitting the matrix for the corresponding channel. Assuming that the matrix H has M eigenvalues, performing eigenvalue decomposition (SVD) on the channel transmission matrix H to obtain:
wherein phi is sum ofThe representation dimension is M s ×M s And M r ×M r D represents a diagonal matrix with a diagonal element λ 1 ,λ 2 ,...,λ M . According to the SVD result, the communication system is equally divided into M space channels in the space dimension.
And 2, performing discretization processing on the transmission bandwidth in a frequency domain in order to keep consistency with the space dimension. B represents the total transmission bandwidth of the system, B 0 Representing the bandwidth of each frequency channel, based on the total transmission bandwidth B of the system and the transmission bandwidth B of each frequency channel 0 Determining the total frequency channel number as N 0 The entire transmission bandwidth can be divided intoFrequency channels according to system transmission rate requirement C min Signal-to-noise ratio requirement SNR for energy-efficient wireless communications th The number N of frequency channels used for communication is determined by a frequency channel selection algorithm.
First, for each frequency channel, the transmission matrix corresponding to the transmitting and receiving antennas is H i Calculating the transmission rate of each frequency channel according to the following formula
Wherein lambda is i,k Representation matrix H i Diagonal elements of ρ i,k Representing the transmitted signal-to-noise ratio. In order to meet the energy-efficient transmission condition, let:
ρ i,k ≤SNR th
the transmission rates of all the frequency channels obtained by calculation are formed into a set C f According to the constraint condition, the number N of the selected frequency channels needs to meet the following conditions:
i.e. set C f N elements are selected such that the sum of the elements is equal to or greater than C min . To fully utilize channel resources, C is f All elements of (a) are arranged from large to small. Let f (T) represent C f The sum of the first T elements, namely:
when f (T) > C min At this time, T is the number N of required frequency channels.
Step 3, dividing the whole resource space into a plurality of two-dimensional resource blocks according to FIG. 2 by using the obtained frequency channels and space channels, and the resource blocks R ij Corresponding to the ith frequency channel and the jth spatial channel. The total number of resource blocks is mxn. Each resource block corresponds to a channel transmission factorThe transmitting power of the transmitting end is P. Allocating power to all resource blocks, each resource block allocated power p ij . The receiving end gathers the information transmitted by all resource blocks, and the obtained transmission rate is as follows:
wherein,n 0 representing the power spectral density of the noise. The receiving end can calculate the energy efficiency of the system according to the total information amount received and the energy consumed by transmission:
wherein,n 0 representing the power spectral density of the noise.
Fig. 4 shows a comparison of the energy efficiency performance of the present application with massive MIMO by MATLAB simulation. The simulation environment is set as the number M of MIMO antennas s ＝M r =1024, frequency channel N 0 Spatial channel m=128, transmission power 0.2W, noise power-204 dB/Hz. The energy efficiency of the two systems after power distribution is compared in the simulation under the requirements of different transmission rates. As can be seen from the figure, when the transmission rate is low, the energy efficiency of both systems can be maintained at a high level, but as the transmission rate increases, the energy efficiency of the MIMO system is significantly reduced. Meanwhile, because of the use of the resource blocks, compared with a resource allocation method in a single dimension, the method has obvious reduction in the number of required resources. Fig. 5 shows the trend of the system energy efficiency of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, the system energy efficiency increases more slowly when the number of resources in one of the dimensions corresponding to the two-dimensional resource block increases, but increases rapidly when the number of resources in both dimensions increases simultaneously. It is illustrated that the two-dimensional resource allocation algorithm of the present application is more advantageous in terms of improving energy efficiency than the one-dimensional resource allocation algorithm.
Compared with the traditional wireless system resource allocation method, the method expands one-dimensional resource allocation into two-dimensional resource allocation, and allocates power based on two-dimensional resource blocks, so that each resource block works in a low signal-to-noise ratio area, and the whole system works in a high-energy-efficiency state. Meanwhile, as two-dimensional resource allocation is adopted, the demand for resources in a single dimension is reduced, and the implementation is easier.
It will be understood that the application has been described in terms of several embodiments, and that various changes and equivalents may be made to these features and embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the application without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the application not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the application will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. The two-dimensional resource allocation method based on the high-energy-efficiency information transmission is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, in the space dimension, dividing a transmission space into a plurality of space channels through MIMO;
step 2, in the frequency dimension, dividing the transmission bandwidth by dividing frequency channels, and adjusting the number of the required frequency channels according to the channel information;
step 3, defining a two-dimensional resource block through the divided space channel and frequency channel, and carrying out power distribution on the basis of the two-dimensional resource block; the transmission signal-to-noise ratio on each resource block is reduced through the joint action of the resources in two dimensions, so that the energy efficiency of the total system is improved;
the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the antenna number M of the transmitting end of the multi-antenna system s And the number M of antennas at the receiving end r Determining a channel transmission matrix corresponding to MIMOPerforming eigenvalue decomposition on the channel transmission matrix H to obtain M equivalent space channels; the transmission state of the equivalent spatial channel corresponds to the eigenvalue lambda of the channel transmission matrix H 1 ,λ 2 ,...,λ M ；
The step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, according to the total transmission bandwidth B of the system and the transmission bandwidth B of each frequency channel 0 Determining the total frequency channel number as N 0 Wherein
Step 2.2, according to the system transmission rate requirement C min Signal-to-noise ratio requirement SNR for energy-efficient wireless communications th Determining the number N of frequency channels used for communication through a frequency channel selection algorithm;
the formula to be satisfied by the frequency channel selection algorithm in the step 2.2 is:
where N represents the number of selected channels, lambda i,k Representing a transmission matrix H representing the correspondence of channel i i Is the kth eigenvalue of ρ i,k The representation then transmits the signal to noise ratio.
2. The two-dimensional resource allocation method based on energy-efficient information transmission according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 comprises the steps of:
step 3.1, defining resource blocks R based on the communication channels divided in the frequency dimension and the space dimension ij Respectively corresponding to an ith frequency channel and a jth space channel;
step 3.2, the total number of the resource blocks is MxN, and the corresponding channel state of each resource block is determined by a space channel and a frequency channel at the same time; the system distributes power to all resource blocks and calculates the transmission rate corresponding to each resource block;
step 3.3, calculating the final system energy efficiency according to the total transmission rate and the consumed power.
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