CN113703203B - Automatic testing method for display uniformity of LCD screen - Google Patents
Automatic testing method for display uniformity of LCD screen Download PDFInfo
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- CN113703203B CN113703203B CN202110876477.6A CN202110876477A CN113703203B CN 113703203 B CN113703203 B CN 113703203B CN 202110876477 A CN202110876477 A CN 202110876477A CN 113703203 B CN113703203 B CN 113703203B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G02F1/1309—Repairing; Testing
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Abstract
The invention relates to a display uniformity automatic test method aiming at an LCD screen, which comprises the following steps of 1, enabling the ambient illuminance to be A, enabling the transmittance of a virtual ND card to be T and enabling the reflectance of the virtual ND card to be R; in the darkroom with the ambient illuminance of 0LX, the camera acquires the luminance information of the display screen to be tested, in the darkroom with the ambient illuminance of 0LX, in step 3, the camera acquires the luminance information of the display screen through a virtual ND card arranged at the front part of the display screen to be tested, in step 4, in the darkroom with the ambient illuminance of A, the camera obtains the increased luminance of the reflected ambient light of the virtual ND card, in step 5, in the darkroom with the ambient illuminance of A, the actual luminance of the display screen obtained by the camera is obtained by the formulas (2) and (3), in step 6, a plurality of two-dimensional luminance curves are analyzed, in step 7, a judgment parameter K is set, and the display uniformity test result of the display screen is obtained from the luminance curves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of LCD screen product testing, in particular to an automatic testing method for display uniformity of an LCD screen.
Background
Along with the great application of Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), the English name is Liquid Crystal Display, the problem of uneven display of LCD is solved, and the LCD has certain error in production process, which affects the display quality. The display non-uniformity is also called Mura (i.e. meaning of moire or speckle), which means that under the same light source and the same background color picture, the difference of different degrees of color is perceived by vision, and is mainly represented by low contrast, uneven brightness, blurred edges, unstable shape, and difference between brightness variation range and normal area. The display unevenness may occur at an arbitrary gray level, and typical examples thereof include dark Mura (i.e., meaning of speckle and plaque) and ghost Mura. The common method for detecting dark Mura in industrial application is that an ND card (namely, english abbreviation of Neutral Density Filter) is detected by human eyes, the method basically accords with the habit of using a display screen by people, but the method is influenced by subjective factors of testers, environment and tools, the test result is not very accurate, and the automation degree is low; besides ND card test method, there is also full screen scanning/photographing method, i.e. photographing with two-dimensional brightness meter, etc. and analyzing photographing result with computer. However, the existing data processing algorithm and standard of the full-screen scanning/photographing method are different from the widely used ND card test method, and the special requirements of customers on certain parts of the display screen cannot be met generally. For other types of Mura, such as ghost Mura, the usual measurement method is also to observe with naked eyes through (or not through) an ND card.
It can be seen that the existing display uniformity test method for LCD panels has the following drawbacks:
(1) ND card human eye detection is affected by subjective factors of testers, environment and tools, the test result is not very accurate, and the degree of automation is low;
(2) The full-screen scanning/photographing method has high testing precision and automation degree, but the data processing algorithm and standard are different from the widely used ND card testing method, and the special requirements of customers on certain parts of the display screen cannot be met generally.
In response to these problems, we have invented an automatic test method for display uniformity of LCD screens.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the traditional LCD screen display uniformity testing method has the defects of ND card eye detection, influence of subjective factors of testers, environment and tools, inaccurate testing result, low automation degree, different data processing algorithm and standard of a full-screen scanning/photographing method from a widely used ND card testing method and general incapability of meeting the special requirements of customers on the display screen. The specific solution scheme is as follows:
an automatic testing method for display uniformity of an LCD screen is carried out according to the following steps: step 1, making the ambient illuminance be A, the transmittance of the virtual ND card be T and the reflectance of the virtual ND card be R;
step 2, in a darkroom with the ambient illuminance of 0LX, using a camera to simulate human eyes to directly acquire luminance information of a display screen to be tested, wherein the luminance of the display screen acquired by the camera is
L(i,j) (1)，
Wherein i and j are two-dimensional coordinates of the display screen;
step 3, in a darkroom with the ambient illuminance of 0LX, simulating human eyes to pass through a virtual ND card arranged at the front part of a tested display screen by using a camera, acquiring luminance information of the display screen, wherein the luminance of the display screen acquired by the camera is
L(i,j)×T (2)；
Step 4, in the darkroom with the ambient illuminance of A, using the camera to simulate human eyes to obtain the brightness increase of the reflected ambient light of the virtual ND card arranged at the front part of the tested display screen
L'＝A×R (3)；
Step 5, obtaining the actual brightness of the display screen obtained by the camera according to the formula (2) and the formula (3) in the darkroom with the ambient illuminance of A
L”＝L(i,j)×T+A×R (4)；
Step 6, analyzing a plurality of two-dimensional equal-luminance curves in the formula (4) or the formula (1), wherein each equal-luminance curve represents a luminance boundary which can be distinguished by human eyes;
and 7, setting a judging parameter K according to the Mura requirement of a client on the display screen, and obtaining a display uniformity test result of the display screen from a plurality of equal-luminance curves by the judging parameter K.
Further, the luminance information includes data and an image.
When the specification and the model of the camera and the shooting parameters are different, the actual luminance of the display screen acquired by the camera is L "= [ L (i, j) x T ] xlambda+A x R, wherein lambda is the correction coefficient of the camera.
Further, the photographing parameters include photographing environment, focus mode AF, white balance AWB, aperture AV, focal length f, exposure time S, sensitivity ISO, and exposure compensation EV parameters.
The luminance L (i, j) of the display screen is a set of data that varies with the coordinates i, j.
The brightness L (i, j) is each photosensitive unit of the camera, which is obtained from a display screen, and the measurement unit of the brightness L (i, j) of the display screen is cd/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The luminance L (i, j) corresponds to the actual area of the display screen under test.
The transmittance T is different according to the specification of the ND card, and is obtained through searching or actual measurement of the specification.
The reflectance R is obtained by actual measurement.
Further, the method for analyzing the two-dimensional equal-luminance curve comprises the following steps: for the luminance boundary of the two-dimensional equal luminance curve which can be resolved by each human eye, quantitative calculation is performed by adopting an equal JND analysis method, and the quantitative calculation comprises the position and the area of each curve interval.
Further, the method for setting the judgment parameter K is as follows:
step 7-1, setting a judging parameter K of an area to be tested aiming at the area and the area of Mura;
step 7-2, the area of a visible area with the focusing area of the ND card is S, the diagonal length of the ND card is delta L, the S area is used as a standard test unit, the whole tested display screen is uniformly tested, and the luminance gradient appearing in the S area is delta JND;
step 7-3, obtaining the judgment parameter K as
In summary, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention solves the problems that the existing LCD screen display uniformity testing method has the defects of ND card eye detection, influence of subjective factors of testers, environment and tools, inaccurate testing result, low automation degree, different data processing algorithm and standard of a full-screen scanning/photographing method from the widely used ND card testing method, and general incapability of meeting the special requirements of customers on the display screen. The invention discloses an automatic testing method for display uniformity of an LCD screen, which is characterized in that a camera is used for replacing eyes, computer image processing is used for replacing brain judgment, the influence of ambient light, ND card and the like is replaced by a theoretical model, the non-uniformity is quantitatively analyzed by a JND numerical method of brightness and the like, the method has definite physical significance, the LCD screen can be classified according to a quantized result, the subjective consistency of people is met, the practicability is strong, the method is suitable for mass production, and the product qualification rate can be improved. According to the technical scheme, aiming at the non-uniformity test analysis requirement of the LCD display screen, quantitative test simulation is used for replacing naked eyes (including through an ND card) observation and judgment, the judgment accuracy is improved, and the product is ensured to meet the use requirement of a user.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the drawings in the following description are only a few embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be derived from these drawings without inventive faculty.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the positions of a camera and a display screen according to the automatic test method for display uniformity of an LCD screen;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a testing and analyzing process of an automatic testing method for display uniformity of an LCD screen according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an equal JND graph of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows the reflection luminance 1cd/m with equal JND interval of 1JND, transmittance of 3%, 5%, 8% and illuminance, respectively 2 、2cd/m 2 Schematic of comparative analysis.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-camera, 2-display screen, 3-virtual ND card.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an automatic test method for display uniformity of an LCD screen is performed according to the following steps:
step 1, making the ambient illuminance be A, the transmittance of the virtual ND card 3 be T, and the reflectance of the virtual ND card 3 be R; ( The transmittance T varies with the specification of the ND card, and is obtained by looking up or actually measuring the specification. The reflectance R is obtained by actual measurement. The specific description is as follows: the virtual ND card 3 in this solution is not required in the actual test but is used during the course of the study of the method of the invention. )
Step 2, in a darkroom with an ambient illuminance of 0LX (LX is an international unit of illuminance, chinese name is lux, also called candela, abbreviated as "lux"), the camera 1 is used to simulate a human eye to directly collect luminance information of the display screen 2 to be tested (in this embodiment, the distance between the camera 1 and the display screen 2 is 30-40 CM), and the luminance of the display screen 2 obtained by the camera 1 is
L(i,j) (1)，
Wherein i and j are two-dimensional coordinates of the display screen; [ L (i, j) is the luminance of the entire display panel 2 ]
Step 3, in a darkroom with the ambient illuminance of 0LX, using the camera 1 to simulate that human eyes penetrate the virtual ND card 3 arranged at the front part of the tested display screen 2 (the distance between the virtual ND card 3 and the display screen 2 is 2.5-3CM in the embodiment), acquiring the luminance information of the display screen 2, wherein the luminance of the display screen 2 acquired by the camera 1 is
L(i,j)×T (2)；
Step 4, in the darkroom with the ambient illuminance A, using the camera 1 to simulate human eyes to obtain the increased brightness of the reflected ambient light of the virtual ND card 3 arranged at the front part of the tested display screen 2
L'＝A×R (3)；
Step 5, obtaining the actual brightness of the display screen 2 obtained by the camera 1 from the formulas (2) and (3) in the darkroom with the ambient illuminance of A
L”＝L(i,j)×T+A×R (4)；
Step 6, analyzing a plurality of two-dimensional equal-luminance curves (such as L1, L2, L3 and L4 two-dimensional equal-luminance curves in FIG. 2, which are irregular in shape) in the formula (4) or the formula (1), wherein each equal-luminance curve represents a luminance boundary distinguishable by human eyes;
and 7, setting a judging parameter K according to the Mura requirement of a client on the display screen 2, and obtaining a display uniformity test result of the display screen 2 from a plurality of equal-luminance curves by the judging parameter K.
Further, the luminance information includes data and an image.
When the specification and the shooting parameters of the camera 1 are different, the actual luminance of the display screen 2 acquired by the camera 1 is L "= [ L (i, j) x T ] ×λ+a×r, where λ is the correction coefficient of the camera 1 (λ is determined by the specification and the shooting parameters of the camera 1). The photographing parameters include photographing environment, focus mode AF, white balance AWB, aperture AV, focal length f, exposure time S, sensitivity ISO, and exposure compensation EV parameters.
The luminance L (i, j) of the display screen 2 is a set of data different with the coordinates i, j.
The luminance L (i, j) is the measurement unit of cd/m of each photosensitive unit of the camera obtained from the display screen 2, and the luminance L (i, j) of the display screen 2 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The luminance L (i, j) corresponds to the actual area of the display screen 2 to be measured.
Further, the method for analyzing the two-dimensional equal-luminance curve comprises the following steps: the luminance boundary of the two-dimensional equal luminance curve which can be distinguished by each human eye is quantitatively calculated by an equal JND (abbreviated as english Just Noticeable Difference, meaning chinese is minimum perceived difference) analysis method, and the quantitative calculation includes the position and the area of each curve interval.
Further, the method for setting the determination parameter K is as follows:
step 7-1, setting a judging parameter K of an area to be tested aiming at the area and the area of Mura;
step 7-2, the area of a visible area with the focusing area of the ND card is S, the diagonal length of the ND card is delta L, the S area is used as a standard test unit, the whole tested display screen is uniformly tested, and the luminance gradient appearing in the S area is delta JND;
step 7-3, obtaining the judgment parameter K as
The equal JND analysis method adopted by the invention is an important part of quantitative analysis, the algorithm adopts NEMA-DICOM algorithm based on Barten model, as shown in figure 3 (wherein, figure (a) is a graph of relation between luminance and JND and figure (b) is a luminance precision proportion graph), the model is also applied to 2014SMPTE ST2084 standard. The JND analysis method belongs to the prior art, and the specific principle and the analysis process are not described in detail here. As shown in FIG. 4, if the display screen is strictly based on 1JND, the reflection luminance is 2cd/m only 2 When the ND3 (namely ND card with 3% transmittance) standard is reached; if the interval standard is adjusted to be 2JND, the reflection brightness of the tested display screen is 1cd/m 2 When the light reaches ND3 (namely ND card with 3% transmittance), the reflected luminance is 2cd/m 2 When the ND5 (i.e., ND card with 5% transmittance) standard is reached. When the reflected brightness of the ND card is increased, the tested display screen can meet the increase of the ND card level.
In summary, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention solves the problems that the existing LCD screen display uniformity testing method has the defects of ND card eye detection, influence of subjective factors of testers, environment and tools, inaccurate testing result, low automation degree, different data processing algorithm and standard of a full-screen scanning/photographing method from the widely used ND card testing method, and general incapability of meeting the special requirements of customers on the display screen. The invention discloses an automatic testing method for display uniformity of an LCD screen, which is characterized in that a camera is used for replacing eyes, computer image processing is used for replacing brain judgment, the influence of ambient light, ND card and the like is replaced by a theoretical model, the non-uniformity is quantitatively analyzed by a JND numerical method of brightness and the like, the method has definite physical significance, the LCD screen can be classified according to a quantized result, the subjective consistency of people is met, the practicability is strong, the method is suitable for mass production, and the product qualification rate can be improved. According to the technical scheme, aiming at the non-uniformity test analysis requirement of the LCD display screen, quantitative test simulation is used for replacing naked eyes (including through an ND card) observation and judgment, the judgment accuracy is improved, and the product is ensured to meet the use requirement of a user.
The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the above embodiments should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic testing method for display uniformity of an LCD screen is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, making the ambient illuminance be A, the transmittance of the virtual ND card be T and the reflectance of the virtual ND card be R;
step 2, in a darkroom with the ambient illuminance of 0LX, using a camera to simulate human eyes to directly acquire luminance information of a display screen to be tested, wherein the luminance of the display screen acquired by the camera is
L(i,j) (1)，
Wherein i and j are two-dimensional coordinates of the display screen;
step 3, in a darkroom with the ambient illuminance of 0LX, simulating human eyes to pass through a virtual ND card arranged at the front part of a tested display screen by using a camera, acquiring luminance information of the display screen, wherein the luminance of the display screen acquired by the camera is
L(i,j)×T (2)；
Step 4, in the darkroom with the ambient illuminance of A, using the camera to simulate human eyes to obtain the brightness increase of the reflected ambient light of the virtual ND card arranged at the front part of the tested display screen
L'＝A×R (3)；
Step 5, obtaining the actual brightness of the display screen obtained by the camera according to the formula (2) and the formula (3) in the darkroom with the ambient illuminance of A
L”＝L(i,j)×T+A×R (4)；
Step 6, analyzing a plurality of two-dimensional equal-luminance curves in the formula (4) or the formula (1), wherein each equal-luminance curve represents a luminance boundary which can be distinguished by human eyes;
and 7, setting a judging parameter K according to the Mura requirement of a client on the display screen, and obtaining a display uniformity test result of the display screen from a plurality of equal-luminance curves by the judging parameter K.
2. The automatic test method for display uniformity of an LCD screen according to claim 1, wherein: the luminance information includes data and an image.
3. The automatic test method for display uniformity of an LCD screen according to claim 1, wherein: when the specification and model of the camera and shooting parameters are different, the actual brightness of the display screen acquired by the camera is
L "= [ L (i, j) ×t ] ×λ+a×r, where λ is a correction coefficient of the camera.
4. A method for automatically testing display uniformity for an LCD screen according to claim 3, wherein: the shooting parameters include shooting environment, focusing mode AF, white balance AWB, aperture AV, focal length f, exposure time S, sensitivity ISO and exposure compensation EV parameters.
5. The automatic test method for display uniformity of an LCD screen according to claim 1, wherein: the luminance L (i, j) of the display screen is a set of data that varies with the coordinates i, j.
6. The automatic test method for display uniformity of an LCD screen according to claim 1, wherein: the brightness L (i, j) is each photosensitive unit of the camera, which is obtained from a display screen, and the measurement unit of the brightness L (i, j) of the display screen is cd/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The luminance L (i, j) corresponds to the actual area of the display screen under test.
7. The automatic test method for display uniformity of an LCD screen according to claim 1, wherein: the transmittance T is different according to the specification of the ND card, and is obtained through searching or actual measurement of the specification.
8. The automatic test method for display uniformity of an LCD screen according to claim 1, wherein: the reflectance R is obtained by actual measurement.
9. The automatic test method for display uniformity of an LCD screen according to claim 1, wherein the method for analyzing the two-dimensional equal luminance curve comprises: for the luminance boundary of the two-dimensional equal luminance curve which can be resolved by each human eye, quantitative calculation is performed by adopting an equal JND analysis method, and the quantitative calculation comprises the position and the area of each curve interval.
10. The automatic test method for display uniformity of an LCD panel according to claim 1, wherein said method for setting the decision parameter K is as follows:
step 7-1, setting a judging parameter K of an area to be tested aiming at the area and the area of Mura;
step 7-2, the area of a visible area with the focusing area of the ND card is S, the diagonal length of the ND card is delta L, the S area is used as a standard test unit, the whole tested display screen is uniformly tested, and the luminance gradient appearing in the S area is delta JND;
step 7-3, obtaining the judgment parameter K as
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