CN113684433A - Energy-saving and efficient heat treatment method for brazed GH4738 alloy part - Google Patents
Energy-saving and efficient heat treatment method for brazed GH4738 alloy part Download PDFInfo
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- CN113684433A CN113684433A CN202110808476.8A CN202110808476A CN113684433A CN 113684433 A CN113684433 A CN 113684433A CN 202110808476 A CN202110808476 A CN 202110808476A CN 113684433 A CN113684433 A CN 113684433A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving and efficient heat treatment method of a brazed GH4738 alloy part, which comprises the following steps of: treating the formed GH4738 alloy part according to standard heat treatment process, and placing in a vacuum brazing furnace at a pressure of not more than 4 × 10‑2Raising the temperature to the brazing temperature of 1000-1060 ℃ in the Pa environment, preserving the temperature for 10-20min, and introducing argon for cooling; and (3) placing the alloy part in a heat treatment furnace, heating to the ageing treatment temperature of 770 +/-10 ℃, preserving heat for 4-6h, and air-cooling to room temperature to finish heat treatment. The invention has the advantages that the aging treatment time is shortened to 4-6h from the original 20h, thereby greatly saving energy and production cost and improving production efficiency and economic benefit. In addition, the vacuum brazing process parameters are optimized, so that dispersed and fine gamma' strengthening phase is obtained after short-time aging treatmentAnd the precipitation strengthening effect is improved. Compared with the alloy before process optimization, the alloy treated by the process has the advantages that the tensile strength and the yield strength at room temperature are respectively increased by 35MPa and 40 MPa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature alloy material heat treatment, in particular to an energy-saving and efficient heat treatment method for a brazed GH4738 alloy part.
Background
The nickel-based superalloy has good corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, excellent mechanical property and long-term structure stability under high temperature conditions, and is widely used for manufacturing various high-performance engine components. GH4738 is a Ni-Cr-Co based precipitation hardening type deformation high-temperature alloy developed in the last 70 th century in China, and is suitable for manufacturing parts with common shapes and sizes such as disks, rings, bars and the like for engines and gas turbines and other special-shaped parts. The strengthening mechanism of the GH4738 alloy includes precipitation strengthening, solid solution strengthening, grain boundary strengthening, etc., of which second phase (γ' phase) precipitation strengthening is the main strengthening mechanism. It is noted that the size and distribution of the gamma prime precipitates in the alloy are mainly controlled by heat treatment, including solution treatment and aging treatment.
The GH4738 alloy needs to be subjected to a plurality of main processes such as complex forming, welding, heat treatment and the like from a blank to a finished part. The welding method for high temperature alloy includes argon arc welding, vacuum electron beam welding, submerged arc welding, etc. Although the welding can realize the connection between metals quickly and efficiently, the welding temperature is high, and the area around the welding seam after welding often forms large welding stress, so that parts are easy to generate obvious deformation, and the service performance of the parts is reduced. Compared with other welding modes, the vacuum brazing heating temperature is lower, the influence on the base metal structure and the performance is smaller, the deformation of a weldment is low, the dimensional precision after welding is easily ensured, and the method becomes a key manufacturing process technology of a high-temperature alloy part in the production process.
At present, the heat treatment process adopted by GH4738 alloy parts before delivery is often consistent with the standard heat treatment process recommended by the high-temperature alloy handbook, namely solid solution + double aging (1020 ℃/4 h/oil cooling +845 ℃/4 h/air cooling +760 ℃/16 h/air cooling). In the actual production process, because the brazing heat preservation temperature is higher and is close to the solution treatment temperature of the GH4738 alloy, the brazed alloy part needs to be subjected to aging treatment before use so as to further regulate and control the distribution of the gamma' phase. The standard double-aging process has the advantages that the treatment time is long, time and energy are consumed, in addition, the alloy after vacuum brazing is cooled in an argon filling mode, the cooling speed is slow, the gamma' phase is overlarge due to the fact that long-time double-aging treatment is further carried out on the basis, and the strength value of the alloy is reduced. Therefore, there is a need to develop an energy-saving and efficient heat treatment method suitable for the brazed GH4738 alloy component, which improves the production efficiency, reduces the cost, and simultaneously improves the strength of the alloy component, thereby improving the service safety of the alloy component.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an energy-saving and efficient heat treatment method for a brazed GH4738 alloy part, which has the advantages of improving the strength of the alloy, improving the heat treatment efficiency, and saving energy and cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an energy-saving and efficient heat treatment method of a GH4738 alloy part comprises the following steps:
step 1: carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the formed GH4738 alloy part according to a standard heat treatment process to obtain a supplied alloy part;
step 2: carrying out vacuum brazing treatment on the alloy part in the supply state obtained in the step 1;
and step 3: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy part after the vacuum brazing treatment, wherein the specific aging treatment process comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the alloy component into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the ageing treatment temperature of 770 +/-10 ℃, preserving heat for 4-6h, taking out the alloy component, and air-cooling to room temperature to finish heat treatment.
Further, the brazing treatment process in the step 2 comprises the following steps: placing the GH4738 alloy part in a vacuum brazing furnace, and vacuumizing to 4X 10-2Pa below, then raising the temperature to the brazing temperature of 1000-1060 ℃, preserving the temperature for 10-20min, and then introducing argon gas of 0.3-0.4MPa to cool the material to below 80 ℃ for discharging.
Further, the heating furnace in the step 2 and the step 3 has a heating rate of 10-20 ℃/min.
The GH4738 alloy comprises the following main components in percentage by mass: 0.03-0.10% of carbon, 18-21% of chromium, 12-15% of cobalt, 3.5-5% of molybdenum, 2.75-3.25% of titanium, 1.2-1.6% of aluminum, 0.003-0.01% of boron, 0.02-0.12% of zirconium and the balance of nickel.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the traditional heat treatment process, the invention adopts the short-time aging treatment process, the aging time is shortened from the original 20 hours to 4-6 hours, the energy and the production cost are greatly saved, and the production efficiency and the economic benefit are improved.
2. The invention ensures that the vacuum brazing and the aging process are well matched by controlling the cooling speed of the alloy after the vacuum brazing and shortening the aging treatment time. After heat treatment, the gamma' strengthening phase in the GH4738 alloy part is in fine dispersion distribution and has good strengthening phase structure. Compared with the prior art before process optimization, the alloy treated by the process has the advantages that the improvement ranges of the tensile strength and the yield strength of the alloy at room temperature reach 35MPa and 40MPa respectively, and the problem of low strength of the re-aging material caused by vacuum brazing is successfully solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is the distribution of the gamma prime phase in the alloy after vacuum brazing + aging treatment in example 1.
FIG. 2 is the distribution of the gamma prime phase in the alloy of comparative example 1 after vacuum brazing + aging treatment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
According to the inquiry of a high-temperature alloy handbook, the GH4738 alloy heat treatment process mainly comprises solid solution and double aging treatment, wherein the heat preservation time is 4h when the first-stage aging treatment is carried out at 845 ℃, the heat preservation time is 16h when the second-stage aging treatment is carried out at 760 ℃, and the aging treatment time is longer.
Based on the requirement of braze welding treatment under vacuum condition, the invention obtains a new heat treatment method through a large amount of experiments and trials, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the formed GH4738 alloy part according to a standard heat treatment process to obtain a supplied alloy part;
step 2: carrying out vacuum brazing treatment on the alloy part in the supply state obtained in the step 1;
and step 3: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy part after the vacuum brazing treatment, wherein the specific aging treatment process comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the alloy component into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the ageing treatment temperature of 770 +/-10 ℃, preserving heat for 4-6h, taking out the alloy component, and air-cooling to room temperature to finish heat treatment.
The aging treatment time of the invention is far shorter than that of the traditional heat treatment process, thereby saving energy and production cost and improving production efficiency and economic benefit. In addition, the GH4738 alloy is treated by the process, the room temperature strength of the obtained alloy is obviously improved, and the problem of low strength of the re-aged material caused by high-temperature brazing is successfully solved. The GH4738 alloy parts are parts with common shapes and sizes such as discs, rings, bars and the like, and other special-shaped parts. In the embodiment of the invention, the GH4738 alloy ring piece is taken as an example for explanation.
Example 1
An energy-saving and efficient heat treatment method for a GH4738 alloy part after brazing comprises the following steps:
carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the formed GH4738 alloy part according to a standard heat treatment process to obtain a supplied alloy part;
and (3) vacuum brazing treatment: placing the GH4738 alloy part in a vacuum brazing furnace, and vacuumizing to 4X 10-2The temperature is increased to the brazing temperature of 1040 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 15min, and then 0.3MPa argon is introduced to cool the material to below 80 ℃ and the material is discharged;
aging treatment: placing the GH4738 alloy part into a heat treatment furnace, heating to an aging treatment temperature of 770 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5h, taking out the alloy part, and air-cooling to room temperature to finish heat treatment.
The GH4738 alloy ring members in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention have the dimensions of
The compositions are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 composition (wt.%) of GH4738 alloy ring in examples and comparative examples
| Composition (I) | C | Cr | Co | Mo | Al | Ti | B | Zr | Ni |
| Content (wt.) | 0.06 | 19.50 | 13.50 | 4.25 | 3.15 | 1.40 | 0.007 | 0.05 | Balance of |
Example 2
An energy-saving and high-efficiency heat treatment method of a GH4738 alloy part after brazing is carried out according to the method in example 1, except that:
and (3) vacuum brazing treatment: placing the GH4738 alloy part in a vacuum brazing furnace, and vacuumizing to 4X 10-2Pa below, heating to 1020 deg.C at a speed of 10 deg.C/min, maintaining for 13min, introducing 0.35MPa argon, cooling to below 80 deg.C, and discharging.
Example 3
An energy-saving and high-efficiency heat treatment method of a GH4738 alloy part after brazing is carried out according to the method in example 1, except that:
and (3) vacuum brazing treatment: placing the GH4738 alloy part in a vacuum brazing furnace, and vacuumizing to 4X 10-2Pa below, then raising the temperature to the brazing temperature of 1050 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 15min, then introducing argon gas of 0.35MPa, cooling to the temperature below 80 ℃, and discharging.
Aging treatment: placing the GH4738 alloy part into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the aging treatment temperature of 760 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, preserving heat for 6h, taking out the alloy part, and air-cooling to the room temperature to finish heat treatment.
Example 4
An energy-saving and high-efficiency heat treatment method of a GH4738 alloy part after brazing is carried out according to the method in example 1, except that:
aging treatment: placing the GH4738 alloy part into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the aging treatment temperature of 765 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4h, taking out the alloy part, air-cooling to the room temperature, and finishing the heat treatment.
Comparative example 1
The procedure is as in example 1, except that:
and (3) vacuum brazing treatment: placing the GH4738 alloy part in a vacuum brazing furnace, and vacuumizing to 4X 10-2Pa below, then raising the temperature to the brazing temperature of 1030 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, and keeping the temperatureAnd (3) heating for 20min, cooling the alloy part to 900 ℃ along with the furnace, introducing 0.1MPa of argon, cooling to below 80 ℃, and discharging.
Aging treatment: placing the GH4738 alloy part into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the aging treatment temperature of 845 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4h, taking out the alloy part, and air-cooling to room temperature; and then placing the GH4738 alloy part into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the aging treatment temperature of 760 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 16h, taking out the alloy part, and air-cooling to room temperature to finish heat treatment.
Comparative example 2
The procedure is as in example 1, except that:
and (3) vacuum brazing treatment: placing the GH4738 alloy part in a vacuum brazing furnace, and vacuumizing to 4X 10-2And Pa below, heating to a brazing temperature of 1010 ℃ at a speed of 20 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 15min, cooling the alloy part to 900 ℃ along with the furnace, introducing 0.1MPa of argon, cooling to a temperature below 80 ℃, and discharging.
Aging treatment: placing the GH4738 alloy part into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the aging treatment temperature of 845 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4h, taking out the alloy part, and air-cooling to the room temperature; and then placing the GH4738 alloy part into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the aging treatment temperature of 760 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, preserving heat for 16h, taking out the alloy part, and air-cooling to room temperature to finish heat treatment.
Performance detection
The heat treated GH4738 alloy ring members of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 were subjected to tensile testing at room temperature, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 room temperature drawing of GH4738 alloy
By comparison, compared with the alloy structure treated by the traditional vacuum brazing and double aging process, the size of the secondary gamma' phase in the GH4738 alloy obtained after the treatment of the example 1 is reduced to 45 +/-5 nm, and the refinement is obvious.
In table 2, comparative examples 1 to 2 show the mechanical properties of the GH4738 alloy part treated by the conventional vacuum brazing and double aging process, and examples 1 to 4 show the mechanical property data of the GH4738 alloy part treated by the heat treatment process of the present invention, which shows that the heat treatment process provided by the present invention can significantly shorten the aging treatment time and significantly improve the strength of the treated alloy part (the tensile strength and the yield strength at room temperature can be increased by 35MPa and 40MPa, respectively).
In conclusion, the heat treatment method provided by the invention has the advantages that the aging treatment time is far shorter than that in the traditional heat treatment process, the energy and production cost are saved, and the production efficiency and the economic benefit are greatly improved. In addition, the heat treatment method has obvious advantages in the aspect of improving the strength of the alloy.
In addition to the above, other embodiments of the present invention are possible. All technical solutions which adopt equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An energy-saving and efficient heat treatment method for a brazed GH4738 alloy part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the formed GH4738 alloy part according to a standard heat treatment process to obtain a supplied alloy part;
step 2: carrying out vacuum brazing treatment on the alloy part in the supply state obtained in the step 1;
and step 3: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy part after the vacuum brazing treatment, wherein the specific aging treatment process comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the alloy component into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the ageing treatment temperature of 770 +/-10 ℃, preserving heat for 4-6h, taking out the alloy component, and air-cooling to room temperature to finish heat treatment.
2. The energy-saving and efficient heat treatment method for the post-braze GH4738 alloy component of claim 1, wherein the braze treatment process in step 2 is as follows: placing the GH4738 alloy part in a vacuum brazing furnace, and vacuumizing to 4X 10-2Pa below, and then heating toThe temperature is kept for 10-20min at the brazing temperature of 1000-1060 ℃, and then argon with the pressure of 0.3-0.4MPa is introduced for cooling to the temperature below 80 ℃ and then the product is taken out of the furnace.
3. The method for energy-saving and efficient heat treatment of the post-braze GH4738 alloy components of claim 1, wherein the heating furnace temperature ramp rate in steps 2 and 3 is 10-20 ℃/min.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114769771A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-22 | 北京科技大学 | Nickel-based high-temperature alloy brazing processing technology capable of reducing weld joint microcrack defects |
| CN114769772A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-22 | 北京科技大学 | Vacuum brazing method for improving joint strength of GH3536/GH4738 alloy |
| CN114799395A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-29 | 北京科技大学 | Vacuum brazing method for dissimilar nickel-based high-temperature alloy for improving strength stability of joint |
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| CN111270178A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-12 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | High-efficiency energy-saving heat treatment process for GH4169 alloy |
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| CN111270178A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-12 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | High-efficiency energy-saving heat treatment process for GH4169 alloy |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 王丹等: "仿钎焊处理对GH4738合金γ′相析出及力学性能的影响", 《沈阳大学学报（自然科学版）》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114769771A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-22 | 北京科技大学 | Nickel-based high-temperature alloy brazing processing technology capable of reducing weld joint microcrack defects |
| CN114769772A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-22 | 北京科技大学 | Vacuum brazing method for improving joint strength of GH3536/GH4738 alloy |
| CN114799395A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-29 | 北京科技大学 | Vacuum brazing method for dissimilar nickel-based high-temperature alloy for improving strength stability of joint |
| CN114799395B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-02-21 | 北京科技大学 | Vacuum brazing method for dissimilar nickel-based high-temperature alloy for improving strength stability of joint |
| CN114769771B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-09-05 | 北京科技大学 | Nickel-based superalloy brazing processing technology capable of reducing weld microcrack defects |
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