CN113682841B - Ten-thousand-ton ship unloading operation method - Google Patents
Ten-thousand-ton ship unloading operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113682841B CN113682841B CN202111038656.9A CN202111038656A CN113682841B CN 113682841 B CN113682841 B CN 113682841B CN 202111038656 A CN202111038656 A CN 202111038656A CN 113682841 B CN113682841 B CN 113682841B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G67/00—Loading or unloading vehicles
- B65G67/60—Loading or unloading ships
- B65G67/606—Loading or unloading ships using devices specially adapted for bulk material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ten-thousand-ton ship unloading operation method, wherein in the large cargo operation, a grab bucket is controlled to grab odd-numbered cabin cargos firstly, then the grabbing is implemented in the mode of adding an even-numbered cabin and an odd-numbered cabin, and finally the odd-numbered cabin is operated; in the cabin expansion operation, firstly expanding the selected positions of the even numbered cabins, then loading the loader, expanding the selected positions of the odd numbered cabins during the feeding period of the loader, and then loading the loader; in the cabin cleaning operation, the loader cleans the cabin according to the U-shaped route of the cabin corner behind/in front of the cabin, the sea side and the cabin corner in front of/behind the cabin, and the grab bucket is controlled to cooperate with the U-shaped route of the loader to clean the cabin; the problem that due to the fact that the sequence and the opportunity of on-site cabin cleaning machinery cabin unloading and adjusting are not accurately controlled, the problem that goods collapse due to the fact that too high goods in the cabin cannot be cleaned is solved, the problem that in the ship unloading operation process, due to the fact that key cabins are generated due to the fact that grab bucket operation sequences are frequently replaced, cabin cleaning operation is difficult, and waiting time of the grab buckets is prolonged when corner cleaning is carried out is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship unloading, and particularly relates to a ten-thousand-ton ship unloading operation method.
Background
At present, on a wharf for ore transportation, an intermittent loading machine mainly comprises a bucket door machine and a grab bridge type ship unloader, wherein the bridge type grab ship unloader has obvious advantages in the aspects of adaptability to ore materials and ships, operation cost, avoidance of damage to the ship unloader caused by ship jolt caused by waves and the like, and therefore the bridge type grab ship unloader is most widely applied in the use of the ship unloaders formed in recent years.
The bridge type grab ship unloader is main equipment for receiving and unloading bulk cargos at a port, has the advantages of mature technology, high efficiency, high automation degree and the like, is more and more favored by modern wharfs, and accords with the concept of the modern wharf of 'large wharf, large equipment, high efficiency and high automation'. The cabin space operation order of scientific and reasonable's adjustment can furthest utilize the cooperation between the ship unloaders, saves ship unloaders adjustment activity duration, improves ship unloading efficiency, makes the performance of enterprises maximize.
When a ship for loading and unloading 40 ten thousand tons of ore is used, the situation that the cargo in a cabin collapses suddenly because the sequence and the time for unloading and adjusting the cabin cleaning machinery on site are not held accurately and the overhigh cargo in the cabin cannot be cleaned can be caused by the conventional ship unloading method; in the ship unloading operation, the operation sequence of the ship unloader cabin positions is frequently changed, key cabins are easy to generate, the cabin cleaning operation is difficult, the waiting time of the ship unloader during corner cleaning is prolonged, and the operation efficiency is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ten-thousand-ton ship unloading operation method which can improve operation efficiency, realize safe production, and has universality and convenient popularization.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
providing a ten-thousand-ton ship unloading operation method, which comprises large cargo operation, cabin expansion operation and cabin cleaning operation; wherein, (1) the large cargo operation includes: dividing the hold into odd-numbered and even-numbered holds from the bow to the stern; controlling the grab bucket to operate according to the following sequence: 1) Grabbing the odd cabins; 2) Grabbing the even numbered cabins and the last odd numbered cabin positioned at the stern; 3) Grabbing the even numbered cabins and the first odd numbered cabin positioned at the bow of the ship; 4) Grabbing operation is carried out on the even numbered cabins and one odd numbered cabin positioned between the two even numbered cabins; 5) Repeating the step 4, and changing the odd-numbered cabins once again until the total ship unloading number reaches the set weight; 6) Grabbing the odd number cabin again; (2) the cabin expanding operation comprises the following steps: 1) Expanding the selected positions of the even numbered cabins, and cleaning the even numbered cabins under the loader after the expansion of the cabins is finished; 2) Expanding the selected positions of the odd numbered cabins, reserving goods with a set height at other positions except the selected positions, and cleaning the lower odd numbered cabins of the loader after the cabin expansion is finished; (3) the cabin cleaning operation comprises the following steps: 1) The cabin corner of the loader after/before the cabin is cleared is controlled to grab the sea side goods in the cabin; 2) After the cabin corner behind/in front of the cabin is cleaned, the loader cleans the sea side along the sea side; 3) Controlling the grab bucket to grab the front/rear goods in the cabin; 4) The loader is used for cleaning the front/rear cabin corners of the front/rear cabin; 5) Controlling the grab bucket to grab the goods on the middle land side of the cabin; 6) After the loader clears the front/rear cabin corners, the grab bucket is controlled to grab the residual goods.
Further, the method further comprises: during the execution of step 6 of the large cargo operation, the grab bucket is controlled to return to the even numbered compartment and the odd numbered compartment with more left cargo for grabbing operation.
Further, the method further comprises: before step 6 of the large cargo operation is performed, the excavator is lifted off the even numbered cabins for the even numbered cabins.
Further, the method further comprises: after the completion of the large cargo operation, the odd-numbered compartments are flatly opened, and during the flatly opened odd-numbered compartments, the even-numbered compartments are expanded.
Further, the method further comprises: and starting the odd-numbered cabin cleaning after the even-numbered cabin cleaning operation is completed, wherein in the even-numbered cabin cleaning operation, the loader controls the grab bucket to return to the odd-numbered cabin between the even-numbered cabins for grabbing during the feeding operation.
Further, the method further comprises: in the cabin expanding operation, the cabin expanding is carried out on selected positions of even-numbered cabins, and the selected positions comprise: the forward and aft positions of the range of even number of hatch.
Further, the method further comprises: in the cabin expanding operation, the cabin expanding is carried out on the selected positions of the odd number of the cabins, and the selected positions comprise: the space of the front cabin grab bucket width and the space of the rear cabin grab bucket width in the range of the odd cabin hatches.
Further, the method further comprises: in step 5 of the cabin cleaning operation, the grab bucket is controlled to grab in coordination with the feeding of the loader.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the ten-thousand-ton ship unloading operation method comprises large cargo operation, cabin expansion operation and cabin cleaning operation, wherein in the large cargo operation, a grab bucket is controlled to grab odd-numbered cabin cargos firstly, then grabbing is carried out in an operation mode of adding an even-numbered cabin and an odd-numbered cabin, and after the operation is carried out until the total unloading number reaches a set weight, the odd-numbered cabin is operated finally; in the cabin expansion operation, firstly expanding the selected positions of the even numbered cabins, then loading the loader, expanding the selected positions of the odd numbered cabins during the feeding period of the loader, and then loading the loader; in the cabin cleaning operation, the loader cleans the cabin according to the U-shaped routes of a cabin rear cabin corner, a sea side, a cabin front cabin corner and a land side, and controls the grab bucket to cooperate with the U-shaped route of the loader to clean the cabin; the ship unloading operation method can effectively solve the problem of cargo collapse caused by incapability of cleaning overhigh cargos in the cabin due to inaccurate control of the sequence and the timing of unloading and adjustment of the on-site cabin cleaning machine, avoids the problems of difficult cabin cleaning operation and increased waiting time of the grab bucket when corners are cleaned due to frequent replacement of the grab bucket operation sequence in the ship unloading operation process, and has the advantages of ensuring safe production, improving operation efficiency and being convenient to popularize.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the ship unloader for performing a large cargo work according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the ship unloader performing a cabin cleaning operation according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a ten-thousand-ton ship unloading operation method according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the distribution of the bunkers of the vessel according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the division of the ship cabin area according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an even-numbered cabin expansion position according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a second schematic view of the even-numbered cabin expansion position according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the odd-numbered cabin expansion position according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a second schematic view of the odd-numbered cabin expansion positions of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of the cabin cleaning operation of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a traveling route of the loader in the cabin cleaning operation according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a second schematic view of the walking path of the loader in the cabin cleaning operation according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ship unloader mainly comprises a travelling mechanism 1, a trolley 2, a grab bucket 3, a receiving mechanism 4, a cab 5 and the like; the travelling mechanism 1 drives the whole ship unloader to move, and the trolley 2 drives the grab bucket 3 to move; an operating handle and a control panel are arranged in the cab 5 and used for controlling the traveling mechanism 1 and the trolley 2 to move by a driver so as to drive the grab bucket 3 to move, the driver operates the operating handle, the operating handle transmits an operating signal to the control panel, and the control panel controls the opening and closing actions of the grab bucket 3 to realize grabbing operation; after grabbing the material, the grab bucket 3 moves to the position above the material receiving mechanism 4, the grab bucket 3 is opened, and the material falls into the material receiving mechanism 4.
As shown in fig. 4, the number of the ship cabins is generally odd, taking the ship with seven cabins as an example, the ship sequentially comprises the following steps from the bow to the stern: the hatch of the cabin is generally positioned at the center of the top of the cabin, and the grab bucket enters from the hatch to grab materials below the hatch.
Based on the above, the ten-thousand-ton ship unloading operation method provided by the invention mainly comprises the large cargo operation, the cabin expansion operation and the cabin cleaning operation as shown in fig. 3.
The large cargo operation comprises the following steps:
step S11: and carrying out grabbing operation on the odd cabins.
Taking seven cabins as an example, the first round of operation cabin sequence is as follows: 1. and thirdly, fifthly and seventhly, namely, the grab bucket is controlled to grab the goods in the first, third, fifth and seventh cabins.
Step S12: and carrying out grabbing operation on the even numbered cabins and the last odd numbered cabin positioned at the stern.
The second round of operation cabin sequence is as follows: 2. four, six and seven; namely, the grab bucket is controlled to grab the second, fourth, sixth and seventh cabins.
Step S13: and (4) carrying out grabbing operation on the even numbered cabins and the first odd numbered cabin positioned at the bow of the ship.
The third round of operation cabin preface does: 1. two, four and six; namely, the grab bucket is controlled to grab the first, second, fourth and sixth cabins.
Step S14: and carrying out grabbing operation on the even-numbered cabin and one odd-numbered cabin positioned between the two even-numbered cabins.
Repeating the step, and changing an odd cabin once again until the total ship unloading number reaches the set weight; when odd number cabins are replaced in each operation, the cabins can be replaced in sequence, for example, the cabins are N (N is an odd number), according to the method, 3, 5, 7, \8230, the cabins can also be replaced from the bow to the stern direction and from the stern to the bow direction in turn to the central position, namely 3, N-2, 5, N-4, \8230.
Above, when the grab bucket snatchs the operation, mainly snatch the goods in hatch below scope, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing grab bucket business turn over cabin safe distance, expand as far as possible and snatch the scope.
In the steps S12 to S14, the ship unloading sequence can be finely adjusted according to the ship requirements, but even-numbered cabins must be unloaded in each operation, and when the total ship unloading number reaches the set weight, the even-numbered cabins are leveled, and the even-numbered cabins are arranged under an excavator; the flat cabin is 3 rows of flat goods grabbed by a driver at any position below the hatch; the excavator is used for tidying the height of the goods in the cabin.
Step S15: and carrying out grabbing operation on the odd-numbered cabins again.
The sixth round of operation cabin sequence is as follows: 1. and thirdly, fifthly and seventhly, in the operation process, the even-numbered cabin and the odd-numbered cabin with more left goods can be returned for a short time to grab one wheel, after the operation is finished, the excavator already puts the goods in the even-numbered cabin, the odd-numbered cabin also has the condition of digging the excavator downwards, the excavator in the even-numbered cabin can be replaced into the odd-numbered cabin, and the even-numbered cabin is expanded during the process of arranging the goods in the odd-numbered cabin by the excavator.
In the later-stage operation of the large-cargo operation, the unloading sequence can be flexibly arranged according to the remaining cargos in the cabin, and the principle grasped in the period is as follows: 1. the even number of cabins need to be delivered more, and the cabins are finished firstly; 2. the intermediate hold needs more goods to be delivered, and the two end holds need less goods to be delivered, so that the ship unloaders in the later period can not mutually influence to cause another hold.
The cabin expanding operation comprises the following steps:
step S21: and expanding the selected positions of the even numbered cabins, and loading the lower even numbered cabin of the loader after the cabin expansion is finished.
After the large cargo operation is finished, the grab bucket is controlled to expand the selected positions of the even number of the cabins, namely the selected expanded positions are cleaned up by the grab bucket.
Still taking seven hold as an example, as shown in fig. 5, each hold is divided into nine zones: a11, A12, A13, A21, A22, A23, A31, A32 and A33, and nine areas are arranged in three rows and three columns.
The ship comprises a first row of areas, a second row of areas and a third row of areas in sequence from the bow to the stern; the first column area comprises a11, a21, a31, the second column area comprises a12, a22, a32, and the third column area comprises a13, a23, a33.
The land side direction measured from the sea is sequentially a first row area, a second row area and a third row area; the first row area comprises a11, a12, a13, the second row area comprises a21, a22, a23, and the third row area comprises a31, a32, a33.
The center position of the cabin top of each cabin is a hatch; the area below the hatch is a22, and the area a22 comprises eight sub-areas which are sequentially arranged from the bow to the stern: a221, a222, a223, a224, a225, a226, a227, and a228.
Based on the above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the selected positions of the even-numbered compartments are the front and rear positions of the range of the even-numbered compartment hatches, as shown in fig. 6, the front positions include: the structure comprises a front cabin A21, a front row A221, a front row and rear row A222, a front row and rear row A223, a center sill A225 and a center sill front row A224; as shown in fig. 7, the post-bay position includes: a rear cabin A23, a rear row A228, a front row A227, a front two rows A226 and a center sill A225.
And controlling the grab bucket to carry out cabin expansion on selected positions of the even-numbered cabins, and after the even-numbered cabins are expanded, starting feeding operation on the even-numbered cabins under the loader, wherein the feeding operation refers to that the loader conveys goods at other positions in the cabins to a grabbing range of the grab bucket, and the goods are usually positioned below the hatch.
And controlling the grab bucket to the odd-numbered cabin to expand the cabin during the process that the loader supplies materials to the even-numbered cabin.
Step S22: and expanding the selected positions of the odd numbered cabins, and reserving cargos with set heights at other positions except the selected positions.
Still taking fig. 5 as an example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the selected positions of the odd numbered compartments are the front compartment grapple width space and the rear compartment grapple width space in the range of the odd numbered compartment hatches, as shown in fig. 8, the front compartment grapple width space includes: a front cabin A21, a front row A221, a front row and a rear row A222 and a front row and a rear row A223; as shown in fig. 9, the post-bay grapple width space includes: rear cabin a23, rear row a228, front row a227, front row a226.
And controlling the grab bucket to expand the odd-numbered cabin at the selected position for operation, and after the odd-numbered cabin is expanded, starting feeding operation of the odd-numbered cabin below the loader.
The cabin cleaning operation comprises the following steps:
in the embodiment of the invention, the even-numbered cabins are firstly loaded by the loader to carry out feeding and cabin cleaning, and after the even-numbered cabins finish cleaning, the odd-numbered cabins are cleaned; in some embodiments of the invention, in the even-numbered cabin cleaning operation, the loader can also control the grab bucket to return to the odd-numbered cabin between the even-numbered cabins for grabbing during the feeding operation, and the grab bucket is fully utilized to improve the operation efficiency.
The specific cabin cleaning step, as shown in fig. 10, includes:
step S31: after the loader is taken down from the cabin, the cabin angle after/before the cabin is cleared, and the grab bucket is controlled to grab the sea side goods in the cabin.
In conjunction with fig. 11, after the loader is taken off the cabin, the corners a13 and a33 before the cabin is cleared, or as shown in fig. 12, the corners a11 and a31 before the cabin is cleared, the grab bucket is controlled to grab the cargo on the sea side a12 in the cabin.
Step S32: after the cabin corner behind/in front of the cabin is cleared, the loader clears the sea side forward along the sea side.
After the A13 and A33, or A11 and A31 are cleaned, the loader moves along the A12 to clean the cargo on the sea side A12.
Step S33: the grab bucket is controlled to grab the goods in front of/behind the cabin.
As shown in fig. 11, when the cargo on the sea side a12 of the loader is cleared after the corners behind the cabin are cleared, the grab bucket grabs the cargo in the front a21 of the cabin; or, as shown in fig. 12, when the cargo on the sea side a12 of the loader is cleared after the corners in front of the cabin are cleared, the grab bucket grabs the cargo behind the cabin a 23.
Step S34: the loader is to the front/rear of the bay to clear the front/rear bay corners.
The loader carries the cargo of a11 and a31 to the hatch-below position as shown in fig. 11, or the loader carries the cargo of a13 and a33 to the hatch-below position as shown in fig. 12, to a13 and a33.
Step S35: and controlling the grab bucket to grab the goods on the middle land side.
During the angular position of the cabin before or after the clear of the loader, the grab grabs the cargo in the middle, off-land positions, including the a32 and a22, off-land sides, and the grab grabs the feed of the loader.
Step S36: after the loader clears the front/rear cabin corners, the grab bucket is controlled to grab the residual goods.
In the cabin cleaning process, the loader travels along a U-shaped route, the grab bucket is matched with the loader to grab, and the excavator can work in a matched mode in the period.
The ten-thousand-ton ship unloading operation method provided by the invention can effectively solve the problem of cargo collapse caused by incapability of cleaning overhigh cargos in the cabin due to inaccurate sequence and time control of cabin unloading and adjustment of on-site cabin cleaning machinery, avoids the problems of difficult cabin cleaning operation and increased waiting time of the grab bucket during corner cleaning caused by frequent replacement of grab bucket operation sequence in the ship unloading operation process, and has the advantages of ensuring safe production, improving operation efficiency and being convenient to popularize.
It should be noted that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should also make changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A ten-thousand-ton ship unloading operation method is characterized by comprising large cargo operation, cabin expansion operation and cabin cleaning operation; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
(1) The large cargo operation comprises the following steps:
dividing the hold into odd-numbered and even-numbered holds from the bow to the stern;
controlling the grab bucket to work according to the following sequence:
1) Grabbing operation is carried out on odd cabins;
2) Grabbing the even numbered cabins and the last odd numbered cabin positioned at the stern;
3) Grabbing operation is carried out on the even numbered cabins and the first odd numbered cabin positioned at the bow of the ship;
4) Grabbing the even numbered cabins and one odd numbered cabin positioned between the two even numbered cabins;
5) Repeating 4), and changing an odd cabin once again until the total ship unloading number reaches the set weight;
6) Grabbing the odd cabins again;
(2) The cabin expanding operation comprises the following steps:
1) Expanding the selected positions of the even numbered cabins, loading the even numbered cabins of the loader after the cabin expansion is finished, and cleaning the cabins;
2) Expanding the selected positions of the odd numbered cabins, reserving goods with set heights at other positions except the selected positions, loading the odd numbered cabins of the loader after the cabin expansion is finished, and starting cleaning the cabins;
(3) The cabin cleaning operation comprises the following steps:
1) After the loader is taken off the cabin, the cabin corner is cleared firstly or is in front of the cabin, and the grab bucket is controlled to grab the sea side goods in the cabin firstly;
2) After the cabin corner behind or in front of the cabin is cleaned, the loader cleans the sea side along the sea side;
3) Controlling the grab bucket to grab goods in front of or behind the cabin;
4) The loader cleans the cabin corner in front of or behind the cabin;
5) Controlling the grab bucket to grab the goods on the middle land side of the cabin;
6) And after the loader clears the cabin corner in front of or behind the cabin, controlling the grab bucket to grab the residual goods.
2. The method of tonnage marine vessel debarking operations of claim 1, further comprising:
and controlling the grab bucket to return to the even-numbered cabin and the odd-numbered cabin with more residual goods for grabbing during the execution of the step 6) of the large goods operation.
3. The method of tonnage marine vessel debarking operations of claim 1, further comprising:
and (3) hoisting the excavator off the even-numbered cabins for the even-numbered cabins before the step 6) of the large cargo operation is executed.
4. The method of tonnage marine vessel debarking operations of claim 1, further comprising:
after the completion of the large cargo operation, the odd-numbered compartments are flatly opened, and during the flatly opened odd-numbered compartments, the even-numbered compartments are expanded.
5. The method of tonnage marine vessel debarking operations of claim 1, further comprising:
and starting the odd-numbered cabin cleaning after the even-numbered cabin cleaning operation is completed, wherein in the even-numbered cabin cleaning operation, the loader controls the grab bucket to return to the odd-numbered cabin between the even-numbered cabins for grabbing during the feeding operation.
6. The method of tonnage marine vessel debarking operations of claim 1, further comprising:
in the cabin expanding operation, the cabin expanding is carried out on selected positions of even-numbered cabins, and the selected positions comprise: the forward and aft positions of the range of even number of hatch openings.
7. The method of tonnage marine vessel debarking operations of claim 1, further comprising:
in the cabin expanding operation, the cabin expanding is carried out on the selected positions of the odd number of the cabins, and the selected positions comprise: the space of the front cabin grab bucket width and the space of the rear cabin grab bucket width in the range of the odd cabin hatches.
8. The method of ten-thousand-ton ship debarking operations of claim 1, further comprising:
in step 5) of the cabin cleaning operation, the grab bucket is controlled to grab in cooperation with the feeding of the loader.
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