CN113658576A - System and method for controlling pipeline active noise - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17813—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17813—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms
- G10K11/17815—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms between the reference signals and the error signals, i.e. primary path
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17813—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms
- G10K11/17817—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms between the output signals and the error signals, i.e. secondary path
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for controlling pipeline active noise, wherein the system for controlling the pipeline active noise comprises a reference microphone, an active controller, an error microphone, a secondary sound source and a plurality of tubules, the plurality of tubules are inserted into a pipeline with a larger pipe diameter, the reference microphone and the secondary sound source are installed in each tubule, and the active controller is respectively connected with the error microphone reference microphone and the secondary sound source. The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: 1. the invention relates to an application of pipeline noise active noise control, which decomposes a large pipe diameter into a plurality of thin pipes and converts a single-channel active system into a multi-channel active system; 2. the multi-channel system effectively improves the noise reduction effect of active noise reduction, so that the active noise reduction can play the maximum noise reduction role in a higher frequency band; 3. the invention provides different distributed, centralized, distributed and clustered multi-channel active noise systems by combining the frequency characteristics of pipelines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of noise control, in particular to a system and a method for controlling pipeline active noise.
Background
The pipeline noise refers to noise generated by vibration, internal medium flow friction, collision and disturbance during the operation of a pipeline, and mainly refers to noise in a central air conditioner, a large-scale infusion pipeline, an air transmission pipeline and an air duct, air inlet and exhaust noise of industrial equipment such as a blower, an engine and the like. The noise can influence the equipment operation, disturbs work order to a certain extent, leads to work efficiency to descend, still can reduce system life-span when serious, endangers staff's health.
For pipeline noise, the conventional practice adopts passive noise reduction measures, such as: a buffer is arranged at the bend of the pipeline, so that the sudden change of the flow speed of the bend is reduced; the pipeline joint adopts flexible connection, and elastic support and the like are used for weakening vibration; the phenomenon of gas-liquid coexistence is eliminated by adopting a flow dividing and draining measure such as a steam trap; the method is characterized in that a proper pipeline material is selected, or a sound absorption material is wrapped on the outer side of the pipeline, and the aim of reducing the noise of the pipeline is achieved by utilizing the material characteristics. The measures are all passive noise reduction methods, the noise reduction effect at low frequency is poor, and with the development of an active noise reduction technology, active noise reduction in a pipeline also becomes a research hotspot.
In the existing industrial application scene, when the active noise control is carried out on the pipeline, because the pipe diameter of the pipeline is not changed, the frequency of a noise source is larger than the cut-off frequency of the pipeline, so that the active noise control is not feasible, and a passive noise reduction mode puts forward high requirements on the volume and the weight of the pipeline and is applied to low frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a system for active noise control of a pipeline.
Active noise control of pipe noise is a typical class of control for bounded space active noise control. In the pipeline space, if the pipeline is infinitely long, sound propagation in the pipeline direction is a traveling wave, when the vibration frequency of a sound source is smaller than the pipeline cut-off frequency, high-order secondary waves in the pipeline are gradually attenuated along the pipeline direction, and finally, only uniform plane waves can be propagated in the pipeline, namely sound waves with the frequency lower than the pipeline cut-off frequency are propagated in the form of the plane waves.
The calculation formula of the pipeline cut-off frequency is shown in the following formula (1):
wherein: c. C0-the speed of sound in air; a-the pipe radius.
According to the principle of active noise control of pipeline noise, active noise control of the pipeline noise can be achieved, the active noise control has an obvious effect on plane waves, and as can be seen from the formula (1), the sound velocity is determined, the smaller the pipe diameter is, the higher the cut-off frequency of the pipeline is, and then the sound waves lower than the cut-off frequency are all transmitted in the form of plane waves. In the application field of the active noise reduction technology, the plane wave is easy to control, so for the pipeline noise active noise control, the higher the cut-off frequency of the pipeline is, the better the sound velocity is, and the smaller the pipe diameter is, the more favorable the pipeline noise active noise control is.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a system for be used for pipeline active noise control, includes reference microphone, active controller, error microphone, secondary sound source, a plurality of tubules, inserts a plurality of tubules in the great pipeline of pipe diameter, installs reference microphone and secondary sound source in every tubule, active controller connects error microphone reference microphone and secondary sound source respectively, wherein:
the reference microphone is used for collecting a noise source signal as a reference signal for active noise control;
the active controller receives a reference signal picked by the reference microphone and an error signal picked by the error microphone, calculates an output signal of the secondary source through a system self-adaptive algorithm, obtains a secondary noise signal which is equal to the noise signal and has an opposite phase, achieves the purpose of sound elimination, and realizes noise control on the pipeline;
the secondary sound source is used for playing back a secondary noise signal generated by the active noise controller as a secondary signal of the active noise control;
the error microphone is used for picking up an error signal of the secondary sound field as an error signal of the active noise control.
Each tubule has 1 or more secondary sound sources disposed thereon.
Each tubule adopts an independent reference microphone and an independent error microphone, and the reference microphone, the secondary sound source and the error microphone in each tubule form an independent active noise control system.
When the pipe diameters of the thin pipes are different, each thin pipe adopts an independent reference microphone and an independent error microphone, a cluster controller is arranged outside the pipeline and is respectively connected with the error microphone reference microphone and a secondary sound source, and each independent multi-channel system is integrally regulated and controlled to form a cluster type multi-channel active noise control system.
A method for controlling the active noise of pipeline features that multiple fine tubes with same diameter are inserted in the pipeline with bigger diameter, and the electroacoustic devices of active noise-reducing system are arranged in each fine tube to form a multi-channel active noise-reducing system for controlling the active noise of pipeline. Meanwhile, the number and arrangement of the electroacoustic devices are optimized to solve the problem that a system is large after a pipeline is divided into a plurality of thin pipes.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. the invention relates to an application of pipeline noise active noise control, which decomposes a large pipe diameter into a plurality of thin pipes and converts a single-channel active system into a multi-channel active system;
2. the multi-channel system effectively improves the noise reduction effect of active noise reduction, so that the active noise reduction can play the maximum noise reduction role in a higher frequency band;
3. the invention provides different distributed, centralized, distributed and clustered multi-channel active noise systems by combining the frequency characteristics of pipelines.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pipeline active noise control system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture;
fig. 3 is a view from a-a in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
At present, the passive noise control technology is mainly adopted for pipeline noise control, and the noise reduction effect on low frequency is poor. The active noise reduction technology of the pipeline can produce a good noise reduction effect in a low frequency range, but an industrial pipeline generally has a large pipe diameter, the cut-off frequency of the pipeline is too low, plane waves cannot be formed in a frequency band with a good active noise reduction effect, and the active noise reduction cannot exert the best effect. The invention provides a multi-channel active noise control technology, which combines the frequency characteristics of pipelines and carries out tube dividing processing on a pipeline with a large pipe diameter, so that the noise transmitted in the pipeline is changed into plane waves, and the active noise control is used for realizing a good control effect. Under the condition of not influencing the product performance and the cost, the noise of the product is reduced, and the comprehensive strength of the product is further improved.
Example one
The utility model provides a system for be used for pipeline active noise control, includes reference microphone, active controller, error microphone, secondary sound source, a plurality of tubules, installs reference microphone and secondary sound source in every tubule, the active controller is connected error microphone respectively and is referred microphone and secondary sound source, wherein:
the reference microphone is used for collecting a noise source signal as a reference signal for active noise control;
the active controller receives a reference signal picked by the reference microphone and an error signal picked by the error microphone, calculates an output signal of the secondary source through a system self-adaptive algorithm, obtains a secondary noise signal which is equal to the noise signal and has an opposite phase, achieves the purpose of sound elimination, and realizes noise control on the pipeline;
the secondary sound source is used for playing back a secondary noise signal generated by the active noise controller as a secondary signal of the active noise control;
the error microphone is used for picking up an error signal of the secondary sound field as an error signal of the active noise control.
The basic principle of the system is that an external pipeline with a larger pipe diameter is divided into a plurality of thin pipes with equal pipe diameters, an independent reference microphone and a secondary sound source are arranged in each thin pipe, and centralized control is carried out outside the external pipeline through an active controller. Because the pipe diameter of every tubule equals, the frequency characteristic of every tubule is the same, falls the active of big pipe diameter pipeline and falls the active of converting a plurality of tubules and fall and make an uproar, and the single channel system becomes the multichannel system. Because the cutoff frequency of the thin tube is high, the vibration of the sound source is transmitted in the form of plane waves in the thin tube, and the active noise reduction achieves a better effect.
The schematic diagram of the pipeline active noise control system is shown in figure 1, and the composition diagram of the pipeline active noise control system is shown in figure 2. The active control receives the reference signal and the error signal through the reference microphone and the error microphone, carries out real-time self-adaptive calculation, outputs a secondary signal through a secondary sound source, and carries out destructive interference with noise, thereby reducing the noise in the pipeline.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the control unit is composed of N tubules, each of which is arranged with a secondary sound source for canceling out the noise in the tubule. The reference signal and the error signal are respectively arranged in front of and behind the control unit, and particularly, because the pipe diameter, the shape and the material of the pipeline are the same, the reference signal and the error signal in front of and behind the control unit are the same, and only one reference microphone and one error microphone are needed for simplifying the system composition. Based on the flow direction, wherein the reference microphone is placed at the front end of the control unit and the error signal is placed at the back end of the control unit. The specific arrangement rule is shown in figure 2.
Example two
Each tubule can adopt an independent reference microphone and an independent error microphone, and the reference microphone, the secondary sound source and the error microphone in each tubule in the control unit form an independent active noise control system, so that noise is generated;
the diameters of the tubules can be different, and at the moment, each tubule needs to adopt an independent reference microphone and an independent error microphone, a cluster controller is arranged outside the pipeline, and each independent multi-channel system is integrally regulated and controlled to form a cluster type multi-channel active noise control system.
The reference signal is not limited to an acoustic signal but may be a vibration signal. The secondary source is not limited to a sound source, but may be a vibration exciter.
EXAMPLE III
For example, the following steps are carried out:
the pipeline noise of a certain factory is generated by a fan, the frequency of the noise source is distributed between 100Hz and 800Hz, and the pipe diameter is 0.4 m. The speed of sound of air is 343m/s, which can be obtained by formula (1), and the cut-off frequency of the pipeline is 251 Hz. Therefore, the noise in the 251Hz-1000Hz frequency range in the pipeline is not plane wave, and high-order wave is generated, which is not beneficial to active noise control.
The solution is to transform a large pipe into a small pipe with the pipe diameter of 0.1m, and the pipe cut-off frequency is 1005Hz, and the noise source frequency is 100Hz-800Hz, which is smaller than the cut-off frequency of the small pipe, so the noise is transmitted in the pipe in the form of plane wave, and at this time, the noise can be well reduced by using an active noise control system. According to the sectional area calculation formula, when the pipe diameter is changed from 0.4m to 0.1m small pipes, the number of the small pipes needed to be used is 16. Therefore, the number of secondary sound sources of the multi-channel active noise reduction control system is 16, the number of reference microphones is 1, and the number of error signals is 1.
In this embodiment, a centralized active controller is used for noise control, but a single-channel distributed, centralized, distributed and clustered multi-channel active noise control system meeting different scenes can be set according to noise characteristics and system composition.
Example four
A method for pipeline active noise control, characterized by: inserting a plurality of tubules with equal pipe diameters into a pipeline with a larger pipe diameter, arranging a reference microphone and a secondary sound source of an active noise control system on each tubule, and forming a multi-channel active noise reduction system by the whole pipeline to realize active noise control of pipeline noise;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: a reference microphone collects a noise source signal and serves as a reference signal for active noise control, and an error microphone collects an error signal; the active controller receives the reference signal and the error signal, calculates an output signal of a secondary source through a system self-adaptive algorithm, and obtains a secondary noise signal which is equal to the noise signal and has opposite phase; the secondary sound source plays back a secondary noise signal generated by the active noise controller as a secondary signal of the active noise control; the secondary signal cancels the noise source signal.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A system for active noise control of a pipeline, characterized by: including reference microphone, active controller, error microphone, secondary sound source, a plurality of tubules, insert a plurality of tubules in the great pipeline of pipe diameter, install reference microphone and secondary sound source in every tubule, active controller connects error microphone, reference microphone and secondary sound source respectively, wherein:
the reference microphone is used for collecting a noise source signal as a reference signal for active noise control;
the active controller receives a reference signal picked by the reference microphone and an error signal picked by the error microphone and outputs a secondary noise signal which is equal to the noise signal and has opposite phase;
the secondary sound source is used for playing back a secondary noise signal generated by the active noise controller as a secondary signal of the active noise control;
the error microphone is used for picking up an error signal of the secondary sound field as an error signal of the active noise control.
2. A system for pipeline active noise control according to claim 1, wherein: each tubule has 1 or more secondary sound sources disposed thereon.
3. A system for pipeline active noise control according to claim 1, wherein: each tubule adopts an independent reference microphone and an independent error microphone, and the reference microphone, the secondary sound source and the error microphone in each tubule form an independent active noise control system.
4. A system for pipeline active noise control according to claim 1, wherein: when the pipe diameters of the thin pipes are different, each thin pipe adopts an independent reference microphone and an independent error microphone, a cluster controller is arranged outside the pipeline and is respectively connected with the error microphone reference microphone and a secondary sound source, and each independent multi-channel system is integrally regulated and controlled to form a cluster type multi-channel active noise control system.
5. A system for pipeline active noise control according to claim 1, wherein: the reference signal includes, but is not limited to, an acoustic signal, which may be a vibration signal.
6. A system for pipeline active noise control according to claim 1, wherein: the secondary source may be an exciter.
7. A method for pipeline active noise control, characterized by: inserting a plurality of tubules with equal pipe diameters into a pipeline with a larger pipe diameter, arranging a reference microphone and a secondary sound source of an active noise control system on each tubule, and forming a multi-channel active noise reduction system by the whole pipeline to realize active noise control of pipeline noise;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: a reference microphone collects a noise source signal and serves as a reference signal for active noise control, and an error microphone collects an error signal; the active controller receives the reference signal and the error signal, calculates an output signal of a secondary source through a system self-adaptive algorithm, and obtains a secondary noise signal which is equal to the noise signal and has opposite phase; the secondary sound source plays back a secondary noise signal generated by the active noise controller as a secondary signal of the active noise control; the secondary signal cancels the noise source signal.
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