CN113644736B - Multisource power supply system of 5G base station intelligent microgrid - Google Patents

Multisource power supply system of 5G base station intelligent microgrid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113644736B
CN113644736B CN202110748052.7A CN202110748052A CN113644736B CN 113644736 B CN113644736 B CN 113644736B CN 202110748052 A CN202110748052 A CN 202110748052A CN 113644736 B CN113644736 B CN 113644736B
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current
direct
power
converter
energy storage
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CN113644736A (en
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覃团发
郭文豪
胡永乐
郑含博
沈湘平
杜齐
罗剑涛
齐高峰
闫明
唐煜星
钟盛德
陈俊江
官倩宁
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Runjian Co ltd
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Runjian Co ltd
Guangxi University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/12—Energy storage units, uninterruptible power supply [UPS] systems or standby or emergency generators, e.g. in the last power distribution stages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multisource power supply system of a 5G base station intelligent microgrid, wherein: the power supply side mainly supplies power by photovoltaic power, supplies power by commercial power as an auxiliary power, and supplies power for the direct current remote power supply, the energy storage battery, the charging pile and the electric automobile; except for photovoltaic power supply, each power supply unit in the power supply side is bidirectionally communicated with the electric energy conversion center; the load of the 5G base station is supplied with power by the electric energy conversion center. The system of the invention adopts photovoltaic power supply as a main part, commercial power supply as an auxiliary part, and a flexible and efficient power supply mode supplemented by direct current remote supply, an energy storage battery, a charging pile and an electric automobile. Each monitoring module collects local information, carries out analysis and calculation locally, controls the running state of local related equipment based on analysis and calculation results, meanwhile, part of the local information and the analysis and calculation results are uploaded to the cloud server through the wireless communication module, the cloud server processes global information of the multi-source power supply system in real time and sends execution instructions to each monitoring module, and each monitoring module adjusts the running state of the local related equipment to realize safe and efficient running of the multi-source power supply system.

Description

Multisource power supply system of 5G base station intelligent microgrid
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 5G communication equipment, in particular to a multisource power supply system of a 5G base station intelligent microgrid.
Background
According to the data display of the Ministry of industry and belief, as long as 30 days at 6 months in 2020, more than 40 ten thousand 5G base stations are established in China, and on average, more than 1.5 ten thousand newly established 5G base stations are established every week. The 5G network transmission, although fast, comes at the cost of higher energy consumption. According to the statistics of operators, the power consumption of the 5G base station is 3-4 times of that of the 4G base station. According to the power consumption comparison, the electricity charge of the 5G base station is 9-10 times more than that of the 4G base station, and the electricity charge consumption is naturally frightening and puzzling.
With the continuous development of the photovoltaic power generation technology in China, the photovoltaic power generation cost is reduced year by year. The climate stamina peak of 12 months and 12 days in 2020 sets a new target for reducing carbon emission in China, and makes solemn commitments that the total carbon dioxide emission in domestic production of China units is reduced by more than 65% compared with 2005, and non-fossil energy accounts for about 25% of primary energy consumption proportion by the year of 2030. In 2019, the annual utilization hours of the Chinese photovoltaic is 1169 hours, the construction cost of the photovoltaic power station is 4.5 yuan/watt, and the kilowatt-hour cost is 0.44 yuan/degree. The photovoltaic power generation technology has better superiority in the aspects of meeting the load increase requirement of the 5G base station, improving the power supply reliability of the 5G base station, controlling the operation cost of the 5G base station, improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy and the like. However, the photovoltaic belongs to intermittent energy, is greatly influenced by natural environment, and has more uncontrollable factors, so that the operation efficiency of photovoltaic power generation is limited, and the advantages and the potential of the photovoltaic power generation are weakened.
Therefore, it is necessary to design an intelligent power supply system for a 5G base station, which can effectively apply the photovoltaic power generation technology to the 5G base station.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to address at least the above-mentioned deficiencies and to provide at least the advantages which will be described hereinafter.
The invention also aims to provide a multisource power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid, which is a flexible and efficient power supply mode supplemented by photovoltaic power supply serving as a main mode, commercial power supply serving as an auxiliary mode and direct current remote power supply, an energy storage battery, a charging pile and an electric automobile, and realizes safe and efficient operation of the multisource power supply system.
The invention also aims to provide a 5G base station intelligent micro-grid multi-source power supply system, each monitoring module of the system collects local information, performs analysis and calculation locally, controls the running state of local related equipment based on analysis and calculation results, meanwhile, part of the local information and the analysis and calculation results are uploaded to a cloud server through a wireless communication module, the cloud server processes global information of the multi-source power supply system in real time and sends execution instructions to each monitoring module, and each monitoring module adjusts the running state of the local related equipment to realize safe and high-efficiency running of the multi-source power supply system.
To ensure effective coverage and quality of service for mobile communication networks, telecom operators need to build millions of radio base stations nationwide. The base stations are widely distributed and huge in number, and the energy consumption of the base stations accounts for a large proportion of the whole mobile communication network. Especially in the 5G stage, the scenes facing the industry application are endless, and the data traffic shows exponential growth, which poses new challenges for network construction, operation and management. The energy-saving technology of the 5G base station is continuously and deeply researched, the operation cost of the 5G single station is greatly reduced, and the method has very important economic and social values.
As shown in fig. 6, the energy consumption of the 5G base station generally includes three parts, namely calculation energy consumption, transmission energy consumption and other energy consumption, and the specific division is as follows:
calculating energy consumption: i.e. the electric quantity consumed by the BBU, including the related power consumption of the digital part processing, management and control, communication between the core network and other base stations, etc.
Transmission energy consumption: i.e., power consumed by a Power Amplifier (PA) and a Radio Frequency (RF) section, which mainly performs signal conversion between a baseband signal and a wireless signal, power consumption of a feeder is also included in transmission power consumption.
Other energy consumptions: the system mainly comprises a machine room air conditioner, a monitoring system, refrigeration equipment and electric quantity consumed by a power supply system.
The 5G intelligent power supply system mainly has two modes for reducing the operation cost of the base station, namely reducing the operation cost based on hardware and reducing the operation cost based on software. The operation cost is reduced based on hardware, and a photovoltaic power supply, an energy storage device and other forms of power supplies are mainly introduced to form a micro-grid, so that the dependence on the commercial power is reduced. The operation cost is reduced based on software, and an artificial intelligence technology is mainly relied on to formulate a power supply system operation strategy, so that the operation efficiency is improved, and the loss is reduced.
The scheme provides a little electric wire netting multisource power supply system of 5G basic station intelligence, wherein:
the power supply side mainly supplies power by photovoltaic power, supplies power by commercial power as an auxiliary power, and supplies power for the direct current remote power supply, the energy storage battery, the charging pile and the electric automobile; except for photovoltaic power supply, each power supply unit in the power supply side is bidirectionally communicated with the electric energy conversion center; the load of the 5G base station is supplied with power by the electric energy conversion center.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, give first place to photovoltaic power supply, performance photovoltaic power environmental protection and advantage with low costs, regard as the power supply to supply supplementary with commercial power, direct current long-range confession, energy storage battery, charging pile and electric automobile simultaneously, improved power supply system's flexibility, overcome the unstable technical problem of power supply that photovoltaic randomness caused. Particularly, under the conditions that the number of electric automobiles is increased greatly, the market occupation is greatly increased, and the number of 5G base stations is large and the distribution is wide as the electric automobiles on the road are more intensive, the electric automobiles are used as mobile energy storage devices on the 5G base stations and are used as flexible power supply supplement of the base stations, green and stable base station microgrid ecology is constructed, base station faults and fault damage are reduced, the win-win situation is realized, the significance is very important, and the application and development space is very wide.
Preferably, in the multi-source power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid, a direct-current bus bar is used as an electric energy conversion center;
the energy storage battery is connected to the direct-current busbar through the battery charge-discharge controller;
the alternating current commercial power is connected with the direct current busbar through the alternating current power distribution unit;
the photovoltaic cell assembly is connected to the first direct current distribution unit through the MPPT controller, direct current is remotely supplied to be connected to the first direct current distribution unit, and the electric automobile and the charging pile are connected to the first direct current distribution unit; the first direct current distribution unit is connected to a direct current bus bar through a first bidirectional DC/DC converter.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, regard as the electric energy conversion maincenter with the female row of direct current, be convenient for with various power supplies conversion distribution that gathers, conveniently control and adjust, the female combination of arranging with each subassembly and distribution unit of direct current guarantees that power supply system function is stable.
Preferably, in the multi-source power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid, in the loads of the 5G base station, an alternating current load is connected to the alternating current distribution unit, and both an alternating current commercial power and a direct current busbar can supply the alternating current load through the alternating current distribution unit;
the direct current load is connected to the direct current busbar through the second direct current distribution unit.
The connection mode is convenient for the direct current busbar to supply power for the base station load, and meanwhile, alternating current commercial power can supply power for the alternating current load without passing through the direct current busbar, so that the power conversion consumption is reduced.
Preferably, in the multi-source power supply system of the 5G base station smart micro-grid, the direct-current busbar is connected with the direct-current filter circuit and used for stabilizing voltage fluctuation of the direct-current busbar.
Preferably, in the multi-source power supply system of the 5G base station smart microgrid, the ac power distribution unit includes: the system comprises a bidirectional DC/AC converter, a first alternating current breaker, an alternating current overcurrent protector, a self-recovery type overvoltage and undervoltage protector, an alternating current bidirectional ammeter, a second alternating current breaker, an island detection module, an alternating current surge protector and an alternating current isolating switch;
the direct-current busbar is connected with the bidirectional DC/AC converter to realize electric energy form conversion, the bidirectional DC/AC converter is connected with a first alternating-current circuit breaker, the first alternating-current circuit breaker is connected with an alternating-current overcurrent protector, the alternating-current overcurrent protector is connected with a self-recovery type over-voltage and under-voltage protector, the self-recovery type over-voltage and under-voltage protector is connected to a base station alternating-current load and is simultaneously connected with an alternating-current bidirectional ammeter, the alternating-current bidirectional ammeter is connected with a second alternating-current circuit breaker, the second alternating-current circuit breaker is connected to an alternating-current surge protector and is simultaneously connected with an alternating-current isolating switch, and the alternating-current isolating switch is connected with an alternating-current commercial power;
the island detection module is connected to the second alternating current circuit breaker and used for controlling the second alternating current circuit breaker to be switched on and switched off.
The technical effect of the technical scheme is as follows: the photovoltaic power supply is mainly used on the power supply side of the base station, and the commercial power supply is used as an auxiliary power supply. When the power generation power of the photovoltaic power supply is greater than the power consumption power of the base station load and the direct current remote supply and the charging pile cannot be fully consumed, surplus electric energy can be reversely transmitted to the commercial power; when the power generation power of the photovoltaic power supply is smaller than the load power consumption power of the base station and the direct-current remote power supply cannot be completely supplemented to the charging pile, the power shortage can be supplemented by the commercial power. The island detection module detects the running state of the mains supply in real time, and when the mains supply is powered off, the island detection module controls the second alternating-current circuit breaker to be disconnected, so that electric energy is prevented from being reversely transmitted to a power grid, and damage to power grid maintenance personnel is prevented; when the commercial power is recovered, the island detection module controls the AC circuit breaker to switch on in a delayed mode, and the safe operation of the system is guaranteed.
Preferably, in the multi-source power supply system of the 5G base station smart microgrid, the first dc power distribution unit includes: the direct current isolation switches, the direct current surge protectors, the direct current breakers, the direct current overcurrent protectors, the bidirectional DC/DC converters, the second direct current filter circuit and the direct current bus bar are arranged on the circuit board;
the MPPT controller is connected to a first direct current isolating switch, the first direct current isolating switch is connected to a first direct current surge protector and is also connected to a first direct current breaker, the first direct current breaker is connected to a first direct current overcurrent protector, and the first direct current overcurrent protector is connected to a direct current bus bar;
the direct-current remote power supply is connected with a second direct-current isolating switch, the second direct-current isolating switch is connected with a second direct-current surge protector and is also connected with a second direct-current circuit breaker, the second direct-current circuit breaker is connected with a second bidirectional DC/DC converter to achieve voltage grade conversion, the second bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a second direct-current over-current protector, and the second direct-current over-current protector is connected with a direct-current bus bar;
the charging pile is connected with a third direct-current isolating switch, the third direct-current isolating switch is connected with a third direct-current surge protector and is also connected with a third direct-current circuit breaker, the third direct-current circuit breaker is connected with a third bidirectional DC/DC converter, the third bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a third direct-current overcurrent protector, and the third direct-current overcurrent protector is connected with a direct-current busbar;
the direct current bus bar is connected with the high-voltage side of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter; the second direct current filter circuit is connected with the direct current bus bar and used for smoothing voltage fluctuation of the direct current bus bar.
The technical effect of the technical scheme is as follows: the photovoltaic power supply is mainly used on the power supply side of the base station, and the direct current remote power supply, the charging pile and the electric automobile are used for power supply supplement. When the power generation power of the photovoltaic power supply is greater than the power consumption power of the base station load, the surplus electric energy can be consumed through direct current remote supply or a charging pile; when the power generation power of the photovoltaic power supply is smaller than the load power consumption of the base station, the base station can be supplied with supplementary power through direct current remote supply or a charging pile.
Preferably, in the multi-source power supply system of the 5G base station smart microgrid, the second direct-current power distribution unit includes:
the DC/DC converter comprises a fourth DC isolating switch, a fourth DC breaker, a fourth DC overcurrent protector, a fifth DC breaker, a unidirectional DC/DC converter and a sixth DC breaker;
the direct-current busbar is connected to a fourth direct-current isolating switch, the fourth direct-current isolating switch is connected to a fourth direct-current circuit breaker, the fourth direct-current circuit breaker is connected to a fourth direct-current overcurrent protector, the fourth direct-current overcurrent protector is connected to a fifth direct-current circuit breaker and is simultaneously connected to a sixth direct-current circuit breaker, the fifth direct-current circuit breaker is connected to the one-way DC/DC converter and is used for achieving voltage grade conversion, the one-way DC/DC converter is connected to a far-end direct-current load, and the sixth direct-current circuit breaker is connected to a near-end direct-current load.
The technical effect of the technical scheme is as follows: the energy consumption requirements of direct current loads at different positions or voltage levels are met, and the feed loss is reduced.
Preferably, in the multi-source power supply system of the 5G base station smart microgrid, the system further comprises an operation monitoring system, and the operation monitoring system comprises:
the system comprises a photovoltaic cell monitoring module, an energy storage cell monitoring module, an alternating current power distribution unit monitoring module, a first direct current power distribution unit monitoring module, a second direct current power distribution unit monitoring module, a wireless communication module and a cloud server;
the photovoltaic cell monitoring module collects photovoltaic cell string output voltage, photovoltaic cell string output current, single photovoltaic cell output voltage, single photovoltaic cell temperature, MPPT controller output voltage and MPPT controller output current in a photovoltaic module;
the photovoltaic cell monitoring module controls the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the MPPT controller based on the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell string, the output current of the cell string, the output voltage of the MPPT controller and the output current of the MPPT controller, tracks a maximum power point, and calculates the output power of the photovoltaic cell assembly and the output power of the MPPT controller;
the photovoltaic cell monitoring module calculates the output power of the single photovoltaic cell based on the output voltage of the single photovoltaic cell, the output current of the photovoltaic cell group string and the temperature of the single photovoltaic cell, and judges the health state of the single photovoltaic cell;
the photovoltaic cell monitoring module uploads photovoltaic cell string output voltage, photovoltaic cell string output current, photovoltaic cell string output power, MPPT controller output voltage, MPPT controller output current, MPPT controller output power, single photovoltaic cell output voltage, single photovoltaic cell output power, single photovoltaic cell temperature and single photovoltaic cell health state to the cloud server through the wireless communication module;
the cloud server sends the executive instruction to photovoltaic cell monitoring module through wireless communication module, and photovoltaic cell monitoring module adjusts MPPT controller running state according to the executive instruction, including but not limited to control MPPT controller high frequency switch break-make to control MPPT controller output voltage, and adjust MPPT controller mode, include: tracking a maximum power mode, a constant voltage output mode and a constant power output mode;
the energy storage battery monitoring module is used for acquiring the voltage of an energy storage battery pack, the current of the energy storage battery pack, the voltage of a single energy storage battery, the temperature of the single energy storage battery and the voltage of a direct-current bus;
the energy storage battery monitoring module calculates the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack based on the voltage of the energy storage battery pack and the current of the energy storage battery pack;
the energy storage battery monitoring module calculates the residual electric quantity of the single energy storage battery based on the voltage of the single energy storage battery, the current of the energy storage battery pack and the temperature of the single energy storage battery, and judges the health state of the single energy storage battery;
the energy storage battery monitoring module controls the on-off of a high-frequency switch of a battery charge and discharge controller based on the direct-current busbar voltage, the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack, the residual electric quantity of a single energy storage battery and the health state of the single energy storage battery;
the energy storage battery monitoring module uploads the voltage of an energy storage battery pack, the current of the energy storage battery pack, the voltage of a single energy storage battery, the temperature of the single energy storage battery, the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack, the residual electric quantity of the single energy storage battery and the health state of the single energy storage battery to the cloud server through the wireless communication module;
cloud server passes through wireless communication module and sends the executive instruction to energy storage battery monitoring module, and energy storage battery monitoring module adjusts battery charge and discharge controller running state according to the executive instruction, including but not limited to the break-make of each high frequency switch of control battery charge and discharge controller to adjustment energy storage battery mode includes: the method comprises the following steps of charging, discharging, standby and isolation modes, and controlling the charging power and the discharging power of an energy storage battery;
the alternating current distribution unit monitoring module acquires direct current busbar voltage, alternating current mains supply current, alternating current mains supply frequency and island detection results;
the alternating current distribution unit monitoring module controls the power flow direction of the bidirectional DC/AC converter based on the direct current busbar voltage;
the alternating current power distribution unit monitoring module controls the alternating current power distribution unit to control the on-off state of the second alternating current circuit breaker based on the island detection result;
the alternating current distribution unit monitoring module calculates alternating current commercial power transmission power based on alternating current commercial power voltage, alternating current commercial power current and alternating current commercial power frequency, and controls the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the bidirectional DC/AC converter, so that alternating current output of the bidirectional DC/AC converter is synchronous with alternating current commercial power;
the AC power distribution unit monitoring module uploads DC bus voltage, AC mains supply current, AC mains supply frequency, island detection results, tide direction and AC mains supply transmission power to the cloud server through the wireless communication module;
send the executive instruction to alternating current distribution unit monitoring module through wireless communication module, alternating current distribution unit monitoring module adjusts the running state of first alternating current circuit breaker, second alternating current circuit breaker and two-way DC/AC converter in the alternating current distribution unit according to the executive instruction, including but not limited to control first alternating current circuit breaker, second alternating current circuit breaker switch break-make, control each high frequency switch break-make of two-way DC/AC converter to adjust two-way DC/AC converter mode of operation, include: a rectification mode, an inversion mode and a standby mode;
the second direct current distribution unit monitoring module acquires direct current busbar voltage, far-end direct current load current, near-end direct current load voltage and near-end direct current load current;
the second direct-current distribution unit monitoring module calculates far-end direct-current load power based on the direct-current busbar voltage, the far-end direct-current load voltage and the far-end direct-current load current, and controls the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the unidirectional DC/DC converter, so that the far-end direct-current load voltage changes along with the far-end direct-current load power, and the feed loss of the power supply far-end direct-current load is reduced;
the second direct current distribution unit monitoring module calculates the near-end direct current load power based on the near-end direct current load voltage and the near-end direct current load current;
the second direct current distribution unit monitoring module uploads far-end direct current load voltage, far-end direct current load current, far-end direct current load power, near-end direct current load voltage, near-end direct current load current and near-end direct current load power to the cloud server;
the cloud server sends an execution instruction to the second direct-current power distribution unit monitoring module through the wireless communication module, the second direct-current power distribution unit monitoring module adjusts the running states of a fourth direct-current circuit breaker, a fifth direct-current circuit breaker, a sixth direct-current circuit breaker and the unidirectional DC/DC converter in the second direct-current power distribution unit according to the execution instruction, and the running states include but are not limited to controlling the on-off of switches of the fourth direct-current circuit breaker, the fifth direct-current circuit breaker and the sixth direct-current circuit breaker and controlling the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the unidirectional DC/DC converter, so that the output voltage of the unidirectional DC/DC converter is adjusted;
the monitoring module of the first direct current power distribution unit acquires output voltage of the MPPT controller, output current of the MPPT controller, voltage at two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter, current at two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter, voltage at two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter, current at two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter, voltage at two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and current at two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter;
the first direct current power distribution unit monitoring module calculates the output power of the MPPT controller based on the output voltage of the MPPT controller and the output current of the MPPT controller;
the first direct current power distribution unit monitoring module calculates transmission power on two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter based on voltage on two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter and current on two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter;
the first direct current power distribution unit monitoring module calculates transmission power on two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter based on voltage on two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter and current on two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter;
the first direct current power distribution unit monitoring module calculates transmission power on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter based on voltage on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and current on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter;
the monitoring module of the first direct current power distribution unit uploads output power of an MPPT controller, voltage on two sides of a second bidirectional DC/DC converter, current on two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter, transmission power on two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter, voltage on two sides of a third bidirectional DC/DC converter, current on two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter, transmission power on two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter, voltage on two sides of a first bidirectional DC/DC converter, current on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and transmission power on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter to a cloud server;
the cloud server sends an execution instruction to a first direct current distribution unit monitoring module through a wireless communication module, the first direct current distribution unit monitoring module adjusts the running states of a first direct current breaker, a second direct current breaker, a third direct current breaker, a first bidirectional DC/DC converter, a second bidirectional DC/DC converter and a third bidirectional DC/DC converter in the first direct current distribution unit according to the execution instruction, and the running states include but are not limited to controlling the on-off of the first direct current breaker, the second direct current breaker and the third direct current breaker and controlling the high-frequency switch of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter, the second bidirectional DC/DC converter and the third bidirectional DC/DC converter, so that the output voltage and the working mode of the bidirectional DC/DC converter are adjusted, and the method comprises the following steps: a boost mode, a buck mode, and a standby mode.
The technical scheme has the effects that: the system can monitor the running state of the system in real time and all-round, and can be isolated from other parts of the system rapidly when a certain unit fails, thereby improving the reliability of the system and ensuring the safe running of the system.
Preferably, in the multisource power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid, the cloud server sends instructions to each monitoring module through the wireless communication module, each monitoring module adjusts the running state of local related equipment, and on the premise of ensuring safe and stable running of the power supply system, the intelligent dispatching of direct current remote supply, alternating current commercial power and electric vehicle energy is realized by taking the minimized running cost as the target;
the basic operating strategy of the power supply system is as follows:
under the condition that a photovoltaic power supply PV in the photovoltaic power supply assembly can normally work, the photovoltaic power supply PV supplies power to a 5G base station load, the photovoltaic power supply PV works in a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) mode, and if the direct-current busbar voltage U is monitoreddcSetting U higher than upper limit of DC bus voltagehJudging whether the energy storage battery is in an overcharged protection state at the moment, if the energy storage battery is not in the overcharged protection state, adjusting the energy storage battery to work in a charging state, regulating and controlling the charging power of the energy storage battery in real time based on the direct-current bus voltage and the electrical parameters of the energy storage battery, if the energy storage battery is in the overcharged protection state at the moment, judging whether a system can carry out energy scheduling at the moment, if the energy scheduling can be carried out, intelligently scheduling energy by taking the minimum running cost and the like as the targets, and if the energy scheduling cannot be carried out, regulating and controlling the photovoltaic power supply PV to work in a constant power CPP mode; if monitoring the DC bus voltage UdcLower than the lower limit voltage set value U of the DC bus barlJudging whether the system can perform energy scheduling at the moment, if so, intelligently scheduling energy and maintaining the voltage stability of the direct-current busbar by aiming at minimizing the operation cost and the like, if not, judging whether the energy storage battery is in an over-discharge protection state, if not, adjusting the energy storage battery to work in a discharge state, maintaining the voltage stability of the direct-current busbar, and simultaneously intelligently controlling the step-by-step cut-off of a direct-current load based on the electrical parameters of the energy storage battery until the energy storage battery enters the over-discharge protection state or other power supplies recover to supply power;
under the condition that the photovoltaic power supply PV can not normally work, the photovoltaic power supply PV is in a standby state or an isolation state, at the moment, whether energy scheduling can be carried out by a system is judged, if energy scheduling can be carried out, the aim of minimizing running cost and the like is fulfilled, energy is intelligently scheduled, if energy scheduling can not be carried out, whether the energy storage battery is in an over-discharge protection state at the moment is judged, if the energy storage battery is not in the over-discharge protection state, the energy storage battery is adjusted to work in a discharge state, the voltage stability of a direct-current busbar is maintained, meanwhile, the direct-current load is intelligently controlled to be cut off in a grading mode based on the electrical parameters of the energy storage battery, and the energy storage battery enters over-discharge protection or other power supplies recover power.
The main effects of the technical scheme are as follows: can adapt to various complex operating conditions, such as: one or more of a photovoltaic power supply, a mains supply, an energy storage device, a direct current remote supply and a charging pile and an electric automobile are in failure, and the cloud server issues instructions to adjust the system operation mode through each monitoring module in order to control the current system to be in the optimal operation state. The optimal operation state specifically refers to an operation state with the minimum operation cost in the whole life cycle on the premise of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system.
Preferably, in the multi-source power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid, when the system is in operation, if the communication between a monitoring module in the operation monitoring system and a cloud server is interrupted, the cloud server sends an alarm, and the monitoring module regulates and controls the working state of related equipment based on local information to maintain the normal work of the local equipment;
if one or more modules in the second direct current power distribution unit monitoring module, the photovoltaic cell monitoring module and the energy storage cell monitoring module are in communication interruption with the cloud server, the monitoring module regulating and controlling device enters a constant voltage input or output state to maintain the voltage stability of the direct current busbar;
if one or more modules in other monitoring modules are interrupted in communication with the cloud server, the system continues working according to the basic operation strategy during normal communication after giving an alarm.
Preferably, in the multisource power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid, when photovoltaic power supply, commercial power supply, direct current remote supply and an energy storage battery are abnormal or insufficient in power supply, the 5G base station distributes power supply demand information outwards, and the electric automobile receives the demand information and then goes to the 5G base station to be connected with the charging pile for power supply;
when the photovoltaic power supply is surplus, the 5G base station distributes power supply surplus information outwards so as to attract the electric automobile to go to the 5G base station for charging;
for making things convenient for electric automobile and 5G basic station to carry out the energy interactive, 5G basic station includes:
the manipulator is arranged on the base station main body in a lifting mode to adjust the height relative to the ground, the manipulator comprises a plurality of telescopic mechanical rods, electric joints and an intelligent control unit, the telescopic mechanical rods are connected through the electric joints to achieve space position adjustment of the manipulator, a wiring component and a positioning module are arranged at the front end of the manipulator, the positioning module is correspondingly arranged at a charging port of the electric automobile, and the intelligent control unit controls the manipulator to adjust the space position to complete butt joint of the wiring component and the charging port of the electric automobile based on mutual induction of the positioning module;
or the 5G base station comprises:
the parking tower comprises a base station main body, a parking tower arranged near the base station main body and an approach bridge for guiding the electric automobile to the parking tower; the base station main body is arranged in a place without parking conditions and is electrically connected with the parking tower, the parking tower is provided with a plurality of parking layers, each parking layer can park the electric automobile, one end of the parking tower is provided with an electric lifting support rod, one end of the approach bridge is connected with the electric lifting support rod in a sliding mode and used for adjusting the parking layer in butt joint, and the other end of the approach bridge is led to the roadside so that the electric automobile enters the parking tower from the roadside through the approach bridge and is electrically connected with the base station main body for energy interaction.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the system of the invention adopts photovoltaic power supply as a main part, commercial power supply as an auxiliary part, and a flexible and efficient power supply mode supplemented by direct current remote supply, an energy storage battery, a charging pile and an electric automobile. Each monitoring module collects local information, carries out analysis and calculation locally, controls the running state of local related equipment based on analysis and calculation results, meanwhile, part of the local information and the analysis and calculation results are uploaded to the cloud server through the wireless communication module, the cloud server processes global information of the multi-source power supply system in real time and sends execution instructions to each monitoring module, and each monitoring module adjusts the running state of the local related equipment to realize safe and efficient running of the multi-source power supply system.
The multisource power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid can realize advanced control and decision of power balance management, economic operation scheduling, centralized protection and the like of the whole 5G base station system, maintain stable and safe operation of the whole 5G base station system, improve the resource utilization rate and reduce the base station operation cost.
The multisource power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid adopts an intelligent terminal with information and energy interactive sharing capacity and adopts high-speed data acquisition and intelligent calculation technology, so that the operation efficiency is improved, and the information transmission safety is ensured. The method comprises the following steps that a two-stage combined control mode of a cloud server and an operation monitoring system is adopted, each monitoring module in the operation monitoring system carries out high-speed data acquisition on main equipment and important nodes, and system electrical parameters are collected and used for controlling, monitoring and analyzing data; the operation monitoring system is used for carrying out high-speed data acquisition on the main equipment and the important nodes and simultaneously carrying out accurate and rapid real-time communication with the cloud server.
In the multisource power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid, each monitoring module acquires local information, performs analysis and calculation locally, controls the running state of local related equipment based on analysis and calculation results, meanwhile, part of the local information and the analysis and calculation results are uploaded to the cloud server through the wireless communication module, the cloud server processes global information of the multisource power supply system in real time and sends execution instructions to each monitoring module, and each monitoring module adjusts the running state of the local related equipment to realize safe and efficient running of the multisource power supply system.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a primary side architecture diagram of a multi-source power supply system of a 5G base station smart microgrid according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a connection framework for an AC power distribution unit according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a connection frame diagram of a second dc power distribution unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a connection frame diagram of a first DC distribution unit according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a basic operation strategy of the cloud server according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the energy consumption structure of the 5G base station according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a 5G base station according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a 5G base station according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a layout diagram of a 5G base station in a green belt according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
FIGS. 1-5 show an embodiment of the smart micro-grid functional system of the 5G base station of the invention.
In the multisource power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid, a power supply side mainly adopts photovoltaic power supply, commercial power supply is auxiliary, and direct current remote supply, an energy storage battery, a charging pile and an electric automobile are used for power supply supplement; except for photovoltaic power supply, each power supply unit in the power supply side is bidirectionally communicated with the electric energy conversion center; the load of the 5G base station is supplied with power by the electric energy conversion center.
Further, in a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the 5G base station intelligent microgrid functional system is composed of 19 modules: the photovoltaic cell module, the MPPT controller, the energy storage battery, battery charge and discharge controller, direct current remote supply, fill electric pile, first direct current distribution unit, the alternating current distribution unit, the second direct current distribution unit, first direct current filter circuit, the female row of direct current, first bidirectional DC/DC converter, photovoltaic cell monitoring module, energy storage battery monitoring module, the alternating current distribution unit monitoring module, first direct current distribution unit monitoring module, second direct current distribution unit monitoring module, wireless communication module, cloud ware.
According to different functions of the system, the whole system can be divided into two parts: the system comprises a multi-source power supply system and an operation monitoring system. In a multi-source power supply system, the system adopts photovoltaic power supply as a main part, commercial power supply as an auxiliary part, and direct current remote supply, an energy storage battery, a charging pile and an electric automobile are used as supplementary flexible and efficient power supply modes. In the operation monitoring system, each monitoring module collects local information, performs analysis and calculation locally, controls the operation state of local related equipment based on analysis and calculation results, meanwhile, part of the local information and the analysis and calculation results are uploaded to the cloud server through the wireless communication module, the cloud server processes global information of the multi-source power supply system in real time and sends execution instructions to each monitoring module, and each monitoring module adjusts the operation state of the local related equipment to realize safe and efficient operation of the multi-source power supply system.
As shown in fig. 1, the architecture of the multi-source power supply system includes: photovoltaic cell subassembly, MPPT controller, energy storage battery, battery charge and discharge controller, direct current remote supply, fill electric pile, direct current distribution unit 1, alternating current distribution unit, direct current distribution unit 2, direct current filter circuit 1, the female row of direct current, first bidirectional DC/DC converter.
The photovoltaic cell module converts light energy into electric energy through photoelectric conversion, outputs the electric energy to the MPPT controller, and the MPPT controller is connected to the direct current power distribution unit 1. The direct current remote supply is connected with the direct current distribution unit 1. The electric automobile is connected with the direct current distribution unit 1 through charging pile. The energy storage battery is connected with the battery charge-discharge controller, and the battery charge-discharge controller is connected with the direct-current busbar. The alternating current commercial power is connected with the alternating current distribution unit, the alternating current distribution unit is connected to the base station alternating current load, and meanwhile, the alternating current distribution unit is connected with the direct current busbar. The direct current busbar is connected to the direct current distribution unit 2, and the direct current distribution unit 2 is connected to a far-end direct current load and a near-end direct current load of the base station. The direct current distribution unit 1 is connected with a first bidirectional DC/DC converter to realize voltage grade conversion, and the first bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a direct current busbar. The direct current filter circuit 1 is connected with the direct current busbar, stabilizes the voltage of the direct current busbar and realizes the smooth switching among different operation modes of the multi-source power supply system.
Further, in another embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the AC power distribution unit includes a bidirectional DC/AC converter, an AC circuit breaker 1, an AC overcurrent protector, a self-resetting overvoltage/undervoltage protector, an AC bidirectional electric meter, an AC circuit breaker 2, an island detection module, an AC surge protector, and an AC isolating switch.
The direct current busbar is connected with the bidirectional DC/AC converter to realize electric energy form conversion, the bidirectional DC/AC converter is connected with the alternating current circuit breaker 1, the alternating current circuit breaker 1 is connected with the alternating current overcurrent protector, the alternating current overcurrent protector is connected with the self-recovery type overvoltage and undervoltage protector, the self-recovery type overvoltage and undervoltage protector is connected to a base station alternating current load, and meanwhile, the alternating current bidirectional ammeter is connected with the alternating current circuit breaker 2, the alternating current circuit breaker 2 is connected to the alternating current surge protector and is connected with the alternating current isolating switch, and the alternating current isolating switch is connected with an alternating current commercial power supply. The island detection module is connected to the alternating current circuit breaker 2, and controls the on-off of the alternating current circuit breaker 2 according to the running state of commercial power.
Further, in another embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the dc power distribution unit 1 includes: the direct current surge protector comprises a direct current isolating switch 1, a direct current surge protector 1, a direct current breaker 1, a direct current overcurrent protector 1, a direct current isolating switch 2, a direct current surge protector 2, a direct current breaker 2, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 2, a direct current overcurrent protector 2, a direct current isolating switch 3, a direct current surge protector 3, a direct current breaker 3, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 3, a direct current overcurrent protector 3, a direct current filter circuit 2 and a direct current busbar. The MPPT controller is connected to direct current isolator 1, and direct current isolator 1 is connected to direct current surge protector 1, simultaneously, is connected to direct current circuit breaker 1, and direct current circuit breaker 1 is connected to direct current overcurrent protector 1, and direct current overcurrent protector 1 is connected to the direct current busbar that converges. The direct current far supplies to be connected with direct current isolator 2, and direct current isolator 2 is connected with direct current surge protector 2, simultaneously, is connected with direct current breaker 2, and direct current breaker 2 is connected with two-way DC/DC converter 2, realizes the voltage level and changes, and two-way DC/DC converter 2 is connected with direct current overcurrent protector 2, and direct current overcurrent protector 2 is connected with the direct current busbar that converges. Fill electric pile and be connected with direct current isolator 3, direct current isolator 3 is connected with direct current surge protector 3, simultaneously, is connected with direct current circuit breaker 3, and direct current circuit breaker 3 is connected with two-way DC/DC converter 3, and two-way DC/DC converter 3 is connected with direct current overcurrent protector 3, and direct current overcurrent protector 3 is connected with the direct current busbar that converges. The bus bar is connected with the high-voltage side of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter. The direct current filter circuit 2 is connected with the direct current bus bar to smooth voltage fluctuation of the direct current bus bar.
Further, in another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the dc power distribution unit 2 includes: the direct current breaker 4, the direct current overcurrent protector 4, the direct current breaker 5, the one-way DC/DC converter, the direct current breaker 6.
The direct-current busbar is connected to a direct-current isolating switch 4, the direct-current isolating switch 4 is connected to a direct-current breaker 4, the direct-current breaker 4 is connected to a direct-current overcurrent protector 4, the direct-current overcurrent protector 4 is connected to a direct-current breaker 5, meanwhile, the direct-current breaker 6 is connected to a direct-current breaker 5, the direct-current breaker 5 is connected to a one-way DC/DC converter, voltage grade conversion is achieved, the one-way DC/DC converter is connected to a far-end direct-current load, and the direct-current breaker 6 is connected to a near-end direct-current load.
Further, in one embodiment, the operation monitoring system includes: the system comprises a photovoltaic cell monitoring module, an energy storage cell monitoring module, an alternating current power distribution unit monitoring module, a direct current power distribution unit 2 monitoring module, a direct current power distribution unit 1 monitoring module, a wireless communication module and a cloud server.
The photovoltaic cell monitoring module collects photovoltaic cell string output voltage, photovoltaic cell string output current, single photovoltaic cell output voltage, single photovoltaic cell temperature, MPPT controller output voltage and MPPT controller output current.
The photovoltaic cell monitoring module controls the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the MPPT controller based on the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell string, the output current of the cell string, the output voltage of the MPPT controller and the output current of the MPPT controller, tracks a maximum power point, and calculates the output power of the photovoltaic cell assembly and the output power of the MPPT controller.
The photovoltaic cell monitoring module calculates the output power of the single photovoltaic cell based on the output voltage of the single photovoltaic cell, the output current of the photovoltaic cell group string and the temperature of the single photovoltaic cell, and judges the health state of the single photovoltaic cell.
The photovoltaic cell monitoring module uploads photovoltaic cell string output voltage, photovoltaic cell string output current, photovoltaic cell string output power, MPPT controller output voltage, MPPT controller output current, MPPT controller output power, single photovoltaic cell output voltage, single photovoltaic cell output power, single photovoltaic cell temperature and single photovoltaic cell health state to the cloud server through the wireless communication module.
The cloud server sends the executive instruction to photovoltaic cell monitoring module through wireless communication module, and photovoltaic cell monitoring module adjusts MPPT controller running state according to the executive instruction, including but not limited to control MPPT controller high frequency switch break-make to control MPPT controller output voltage, and adjust MPPT controller mode, include: tracking maximum power mode, constant voltage output mode, constant power output mode.
The execution instruction can be manually and directly set to ensure the stable operation of the power supply system or the operation in the optimal operation state. It can also be produced by the following methods, for example: the cloud server processes all collected data information related to the operation of the power supply system on the basis of a machine learning multi-objective optimization algorithm in real time, and calculates and obtains the optimal operation state of the power supply system and the operation states of the corresponding photovoltaic cell assembly and the MPPT controller under the optimal operation state. (the optimal operation state specifically refers to the operation state with the minimum operation cost in the whole life cycle on the premise of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system.) the multi-objective optimization algorithm can directly select the existing algorithm model. With best running state as the direction, the cloud server passes through wireless communication module and sends the executive instruction to photovoltaic cell monitoring module, and photovoltaic cell monitoring module adjusts MPPT controller running state according to the executive instruction, including but not limited to control MPPT controller high frequency switch break-make to control MPPT controller output voltage to and adjust MPPT controller mode, include: tracking a maximum power mode, a constant voltage output mode and a constant power output mode, and ensuring that the power supply system is in the optimal operation state.
One specific implementation detail is given below for those skilled in the art to understand and implement, the cloud server being configured to: under the condition that the power generation power of the photovoltaic power supply is greater than the power consumption power of the base station load, if the MPPT controller works in the maximum power tracking mode, surplus electric energy can be fully absorbed by the energy storage device, the direct-current remote supply, the charging pile and the electric vehicle, the cloud server controls the output voltage of the MPPT controller to be the maximum power output voltage, the MPPT controller is adjusted to work in the maximum power tracking mode, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved; if the MPPT controller works in the maximum power tracking mode, surplus electric energy cannot be fully consumed by the energy storage device, the direct-current remote supply, the charging pile and the electric vehicle, meanwhile, the surplus electric energy can be reversely conveyed to commercial power, the cloud server controls the output voltage of the MPPT controller to be the maximum power output voltage, the MPPT controller is adjusted to work in the maximum power tracking mode, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved; if the MPPT controller works in a maximum power tracking mode, surplus electric energy cannot be fully consumed by the energy storage device, direct-current remote supply, the charging pile and the electric automobile, meanwhile, the surplus electric energy cannot be reversely transmitted to the commercial power, and the cloud server adjusts the MPPT controller to work in a constant power output mode to maintain the power balance of the system. Under the condition that the power generation power of the photovoltaic power supply is smaller than the load power consumption of the base station, the cloud server controls the output voltage of the MPPT controller to be the maximum power output voltage, the MPPT controller is adjusted to work in a maximum power tracking mode, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
Further, in another embodiment, the energy storage battery monitoring module collects the voltage of the energy storage battery pack, the current of the energy storage battery pack, the voltage of the single energy storage battery, the temperature of the single energy storage battery and the voltage of the direct-current busbar.
The energy storage battery monitoring module calculates the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack based on the voltage of the energy storage battery pack and the current of the energy storage battery pack.
The energy storage battery monitoring module calculates the residual electric quantity of the single energy storage battery based on the voltage of the single energy storage battery, the current of the energy storage battery pack and the temperature of the single energy storage battery, and judges the health state of the single energy storage battery.
The energy storage battery monitoring module controls the on-off of the high-frequency switch of the battery charge and discharge controller based on the direct-current busbar voltage, the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack, the residual electric quantity of the single energy storage battery and the health state of the single energy storage battery.
The energy storage battery monitoring module uploads the voltage of the energy storage battery pack, the current of the energy storage battery pack, the voltage of the single energy storage battery, the temperature of the single energy storage battery, the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack, the residual electric quantity of the single energy storage battery and the health state of the single energy storage battery to the cloud server through the wireless communication module.
Cloud server passes through wireless communication module and sends the executive instruction to energy storage battery monitoring module, and energy storage battery monitoring module adjusts battery charge and discharge controller running state according to the executive instruction, including but not limited to the break-make of each high frequency switch of control battery charge and discharge controller to adjustment energy storage battery mode includes: the system comprises a charging mode, a discharging mode, a standby mode and an isolation mode, and controls the charging power and the discharging power of the energy storage battery.
The execution instruction can be manually and directly set to ensure the stable operation of the power supply system or the operation in the optimal operation state. It can also be produced by the following methods, for example: the cloud server processes all collected data information related to the operation of the power supply system on the basis of a machine learning multi-objective optimization algorithm in real time, and calculates and obtains the optimal operation state of the power supply system and the operation states of the energy storage battery and the battery charge-discharge controller corresponding to the optimal operation state. (the best running state specifically means, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing system safety and stability operation, the running state that full life cycle running cost is minimum.) uses the best running state as the direction, and the cloud ware passes through wireless communication module and sends the executive instruction to energy storage battery monitoring module, and energy storage battery monitoring module adjusts battery charge and discharge controller running state according to the executive instruction, including but not limited to the break-make of each high frequency switch of control battery charge and discharge controller to adjust energy storage battery mode, include: the system comprises a charging mode, a discharging mode, a standby mode and an isolation mode, and controls the charging power and the discharging power of the energy storage battery.
One specific implementation is given below for those skilled in the art to understand and implement, the cloud server is configured to: under the condition that the power generation power of the photovoltaic power supply is greater than the load power consumption of the base station, the health state of the energy storage battery is good, if the residual electric quantity meets the standby power consumption requirement of the base station, the surplus electric energy can be fully consumed by direct current remote supply, a charging pile and an electric automobile, the cloud server adjusts the battery charging and discharging controller to work in a standby mode, and the charging power of the energy storage battery is 0; if the residual electric quantity does not touch overcharge protection, the surplus electric energy cannot be fully consumed by direct current remote supply, a charging pile and the electric vehicle, and the cloud server adjusts the battery charging and discharging controller to work in a charging mode, controls the charging power of the energy storage battery to change continuously according to the residual electric quantity of the battery, and the lower the residual electric quantity of the battery, the higher the charging power, the higher the residual electric quantity of the battery and the lower the charging power; if the residual electric quantity is in contact with the overcharge protection, the cloud server adjusts the battery charge-discharge controller to work in a standby mode, and the charging power of the energy storage battery is 0.
Under the condition that the power generation power of the photovoltaic power supply is smaller than the load power consumption power of the base station, the health state of the energy storage battery is good, if the residual electric quantity meets the standby power consumption requirement of the base station, the shortage power can be completely supplemented by a direct-current remote supply, a charging pile and an electric automobile, the cloud server adjusts the battery charging and discharging controller to work in a standby mode, and the discharging power of the energy storage battery is 0; if the residual electric quantity meets the standby power requirement of the base station, the power shortage cannot be completely supplemented by the direct-current remote supply, the charging pile and the electric vehicle, the commercial power runs normally, the cloud server adjusts the battery charge-discharge controller to work in a discharge mode, and the discharge power of the energy storage battery is not more than the shortage power; if the residual electric quantity cannot meet the standby power requirement of the base station, the commercial power runs normally, the cloud server adjusts the battery charge-discharge controller to work in a charging mode, the charging power of the energy storage battery continuously changes according to the residual electric quantity of the battery, the lower the residual electric quantity of the battery, the higher the charging power, the higher the residual electric quantity of the battery and the lower the charging power; if the residual electric quantity does not reach the over-discharge protection, the power shortage cannot be completely supplemented by the direct-current remote supply, the charging pile and the electric vehicle, the commercial power is cut off, the cloud server adjusts the battery charging and discharging controller to work in a discharging mode, and the discharging power of the energy storage battery is not more than the shortage power; if the residual electric quantity is in over-discharge protection, the cloud server adjusts the battery charge-discharge controller to work in a standby mode, and the discharge power of the energy storage battery is 0.
In any case, the battery is in fault states such as overcurrent and overtemperature, and the cloud server adjusts the battery charge and discharge controller to work in an isolation mode.
Further, in another embodiment, the ac distribution unit monitoring module collects a dc bus voltage, an ac utility current, an ac utility frequency, and an island detection result.
The alternating current distribution unit monitoring module controls the power flow direction of the bidirectional DC/AC converter based on the direct current busbar voltage.
And the alternating current distribution unit monitoring module controls the alternating current distribution unit to control the on-off state of the alternating current breaker 2 based on the island detection result.
The alternating current distribution unit monitoring module calculates alternating current commercial power transmission power based on alternating current commercial power voltage, alternating current commercial power current and alternating current commercial power frequency, controls the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the bidirectional DC/AC converter, and enables alternating current output of the bidirectional DC/AC converter to be synchronous with an alternating current commercial power grid.
The alternating current distribution unit monitoring module uploads direct current busbar voltage, alternating current mains supply current, alternating current mains supply frequency, island detection results, tidal current direction and alternating current mains supply transmission power to the cloud server through the wireless communication module.
The cloud server sends the executive instruction to alternating current distribution unit monitoring module through wireless communication module, and alternating current distribution unit monitoring module adjusts the running state of alternating current circuit breaker and two-way DC/AC converter among the alternating current distribution unit according to the executive instruction, including but not limited to control the switching-on and switching-off of alternating current circuit breaker switch, control two-way DC/AC converter high frequency switch to adjust two-way DC/AC converter mode of operation, include: a rectifier mode, an inverter mode, and a standby mode.
The execution instruction can be manually and directly set to ensure the stable operation of the power supply system or the operation in the optimal operation state. It can also be produced by the following methods, for example: the cloud server processes all collected data information related to system operation based on a machine learning multi-objective optimization algorithm in real time, and calculates and obtains the optimal operation state of the system and the operation state of the corresponding alternating current power distribution unit under the optimal operation state. (the best running state specifically means, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing system safety and stability operation, the running state that full life cycle running cost is minimum.) uses the best running state as the direction, and the cloud ware sends the execution instruction to alternating current distribution unit monitoring module through wireless communication module, and alternating current distribution unit monitoring module adjusts the running state of alternating current circuit breaker and two-way DC/AC converter among the alternating current distribution unit according to the execution instruction, including but not limited to control alternating current circuit breaker switch break-make, control two-way DC/AC converter high frequency switch break-make to adjust two-way DC/AC converter mode, include: a rectifier mode, an inverter mode, and a standby mode.
One specific implementation is given below for those skilled in the art to understand and implement, the cloud server is configured to: under the condition that the power generation power of the photovoltaic power supply is greater than the power consumption power of the base station load, and the commercial power normally runs, if surplus electric energy can be fully consumed by the energy storage battery, the direct-current remote supply, the charging pile and the electric vehicle, the cloud server adjusts the bidirectional DC/AC converter to work in a standby mode; if the surplus electric energy cannot be fully consumed by the energy storage battery, the direct current remote supply, the charging pile and the electric automobile, the cloud server adjusts the bidirectional DC/AC converter to work in an inversion mode, and the system reversely transmits the electric energy to the commercial power. Under the condition that the power generation power of the photovoltaic power supply is smaller than the load power consumption power of the base station, and the commercial power normally runs, if the shortage power can be completely supplemented by the energy storage battery, the direct current remote supply, the charging pile and the electric automobile, the cloud server adjusts the bidirectional DC/AC converter to work in a standby mode; if the shortage power cannot be completely supplemented by the energy storage battery, the direct current remote supply, the charging pile and the electric automobile, the cloud server adjusts the bidirectional DC/AC converter to work in a rectification mode, and electric energy is transmitted to the base station load.
Under any condition, the island detection module detects that the commercial power has a power failure, immediately sends an execution disconnection instruction to the alternating current breaker, disconnects the electrical connection between the commercial power and the system, and ensures the personal safety of power grid maintainers and the stable operation of the system.
Further, in another embodiment, the monitoring module of the dc power distribution unit 2 collects a dc bus voltage, a far-end dc load current, a near-end dc load voltage, and a near-end dc load current.
The monitoring module of the direct current distribution unit 2 calculates the far-end direct current load power based on the direct current busbar voltage, the far-end direct current load voltage and the far-end direct current load current, and controls the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the unidirectional DC/DC converter, so that the far-end direct current load voltage changes along with the far-end direct current load power, and the feed loss of the power supply far-end direct current load is reduced.
The monitoring module of the direct current distribution unit 2 calculates the near-end direct current load power based on the near-end direct current load voltage and the near-end direct current load current.
The monitoring module of the direct current distribution unit 2 uploads far-end direct current load voltage, far-end direct current load current, far-end direct current load power, near-end direct current load voltage, near-end direct current load current and near-end direct current load power to the cloud server.
The cloud server sends an execution instruction to the second direct current distribution unit monitoring module through the wireless communication module, the second direct current distribution unit monitoring module adjusts the running states of a fourth direct current breaker, a fifth direct current breaker, a sixth direct current breaker and the unidirectional DC/DC converter in the second direct current distribution unit according to the execution instruction, and the running states include but are not limited to controlling the on-off of switches of the fourth direct current breaker, the fifth direct current breaker and the sixth direct current breaker and controlling the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the unidirectional DC/DC converter, so that the output voltage of the unidirectional DC/DC converter is adjusted.
The execution instruction can be manually and directly set to ensure the stable operation of the power supply system or the operation in the optimal operation state. It can also be produced by the following methods, for example: the cloud server processes all collected data information related to system operation based on a machine learning multi-objective optimization algorithm in real time, and calculates and obtains the optimal operation state of the system and the operation state of the direct current power distribution unit 2 in the optimal operation state. The cloud server sends an execution instruction to the second direct current distribution unit monitoring module through the wireless communication module by taking the optimal operation state as guidance, the second direct current distribution unit monitoring module adjusts the operation states of a fourth direct current circuit breaker, a fifth direct current circuit breaker, a sixth direct current circuit breaker and the unidirectional DC/DC converter in the second direct current distribution unit according to the execution instruction, and the operation states include but are not limited to controlling the on-off of switches of the fourth direct current circuit breaker, the fifth direct current circuit breaker and the sixth direct current circuit breaker, and controlling the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the unidirectional DC/DC converter, so that the output voltage of the unidirectional DC/DC converter is adjusted.
Further, in another embodiment, the monitoring module of the DC power distribution unit 1 collects an MPPT controller output voltage, an MPPT controller output current, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 side voltage, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 side current, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 3 side voltage, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 3 side current, a first bidirectional DC/DC converter side voltage, and a first bidirectional DC/DC converter side current.
The monitoring module of the direct current distribution unit 1 calculates the output power of the MPPT controller based on the output voltage of the MPPT controller and the output current of the MPPT controller.
The monitoring module of the direct current distribution unit 1 calculates the transmission power at two sides of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 based on the voltage at two sides of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 and the current at two sides of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2.
The monitoring module of the direct current distribution unit 1 calculates the transmission power at two sides of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 3 based on the voltage at two sides of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 3 and the current at two sides of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 3.
The monitoring module of the direct current distribution unit 1 calculates transmission power on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter based on voltage on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and current on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter.
The monitoring module of the direct current distribution unit 1 uploads the output power of the MPPT controller, the voltage on two sides of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2, the current on two sides of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2, the transmission power on two sides of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2, the voltage on two sides of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 3, the current on two sides of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 3, the transmission power on two sides of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 3, the voltage on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter, the current on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and the transmission power on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter to the cloud server.
The cloud server sends an execution instruction to the monitoring module of the direct current distribution unit 1 through the wireless communication module, the monitoring module of the direct current distribution unit 1 adjusts the running state of the direct current circuit breaker 1, the direct current circuit breaker 2, the direct current circuit breaker 3, the first bidirectional DC/DC converter, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 3 in the first direct current distribution unit according to the execution instruction, including but not limited to controlling the on-off of the direct current circuit breaker 1, the direct current circuit breaker 2 and the direct current circuit breaker 3, controlling the on-off of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 3 high-frequency switch, thereby adjusting the working mode of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, including: a boost mode, a buck mode, and a standby mode.
The execution instruction can be manually and directly set to ensure the stable operation of the power supply system or the operation in the optimal operation state. It can also be produced by the following methods, for example: the cloud server processes all collected data information related to system operation based on a machine learning multi-objective optimization algorithm in real time, and calculates and obtains the optimal operation state of the system and the operation state of the first direct current power distribution unit in the optimal operation state. (the optimal operation state specifically refers to an operation state with the minimum operation cost in the whole life cycle on the premise of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system.) the cloud server sends an execution instruction to the monitoring module of the direct current distribution unit 1 through the wireless communication module, the monitoring module of the direct current distribution unit 1 adjusts the operation states of the direct current circuit breaker 1, the direct current circuit breaker 2, the direct current circuit breaker 3, the first bidirectional DC/DC converter, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 3 in the first direct current distribution unit according to the execution instruction, including but not limited to controlling the on-off of the direct current circuit breaker 1, the direct current circuit breaker 2 and the direct current circuit breaker 3, controlling the on-off of the high-frequency switches of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 3, thereby adjusting the operation mode of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the method comprises the following steps: a boost mode, a buck mode, and a standby mode.
One specific implementation is given below for those skilled in the art to understand and implement, the cloud server is configured to: under the condition that the power generation power of the photovoltaic power supply is greater than the power consumption power of the base station load, if surplus electric energy can be consumed by direct current remote supply, the cloud server controls the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 to work in a boost mode, otherwise, the cloud server controls the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 to work in a standby mode; if the surplus electric energy can be consumed by the charging pile and the electric automobile, the server controls the bidirectional DC/DC converter 3 to work in a boosting mode, and otherwise, the cloud server controls the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 to work in a standby mode. Under the condition that the power generation power of the photovoltaic power supply is smaller than the load power consumption of the base station, if part or all of the shortage power can be supplemented by direct current remote supply, the cloud server controls the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 to work in a voltage reduction mode, otherwise, the cloud server controls the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 to work in a standby mode; if part or all of the shortage power can be supplemented by the charging pile and the electric automobile, the cloud server controls the bidirectional DC/DC converter 3 to work in a voltage reduction mode, and otherwise, the cloud server controls the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 to work in a standby mode.
Under any condition, the photovoltaic power supply or the MPPT controller breaks down, the cloud server controls the direct current circuit breaker 1 to be disconnected, the photovoltaic power supply and the MPPT controller are disconnected from the electrical connection of the system, and other equipment of the system is guaranteed to run safely and stably; when the direct-current remote supply fails, the cloud server controls the direct-current circuit breaker 2 to be disconnected, the electrical connection between the direct-current remote supply and the system is disconnected, and the safe and stable operation of other equipment of the system is ensured; fill electric pile and electric automobile and break down, the disconnection of cloud server control direct current circuit breaker 3 fills electric pile and electric automobile and system's electrical connection, guarantees other equipment safety and stability operation of system.
Further, in another embodiment, specifically, the multi-objective optimization algorithm uses an existing algorithm model, such as a particle swarm optimization algorithm.
The global information refers to all data information collected by the cloud server, and includes:
photovoltaic cell module unit: the voltage, the current and the power of the photovoltaic battery pack string, and the voltage, the power, the temperature and the health state of the single photovoltaic battery;
the electrical parameters of the ac power distribution unit include: detecting the voltage, current, frequency, power and island of the alternating current commercial power;
the electrical parameters of the energy storage battery cell include: voltage, current and residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack, voltage, temperature, residual electric quantity and health state of the single energy storage battery;
the electrical parameters of the first dc power distribution unit include: the MPPT controller outputs voltage, current and power, voltage, current and power of direct current remote supply and voltage, current and power of a charging pile; a direct current bus voltage;
a second direct current power distribution unit: far-end direct current load voltage, current and power, and near-end direct current load voltage, current and power;
according to the data information, the optimal operation state (such as the operation state of the power supply system at the lowest operation cost) of the power supply system and the working states of the corresponding power supplies and equipment in the operation state are calculated by the algorithm model, and the cloud server takes the optimal operation state as a target to adjust the power supplies and the equipment to the corresponding working states.
For example, the cloud server analyzes whether each power module can normally work or not based on all collected data information, and controls the working state of the second direct current power distribution unit based on the health state of the single energy storage battery, the residual capacity of the energy storage battery pack and the output voltage of the energy storage battery pack when other power supplies except the energy storage battery cannot normally work. If the energy storage battery is in an overcurrent protection state or an overdischarge protection state at the moment, the energy storage battery stops working and does not output electric energy, the base station is powered off, an alarm is given and the other power supplies are waited to recover normal power supply. If the energy storage battery is in a normal working state at the moment, the energy storage battery provides electric energy for the base station, the other power supplies are waited for recovering normal power supply, and the direct current load is controlled to be cut off in a grading mode based on the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack. Assuming that the power of transmission equipment of the base station is p (kW), the time for which the energy storage battery supplies power for the base station independently is t, when the residual electric quantity of the battery pack is reduced to p × 20-t kilowatts, other direct current loads except the transmission equipment of the base station are cut off, when the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack is continuously reduced to 10% of the capacity of the energy storage battery, or the output voltage of the energy storage battery pack is reduced to the end voltage, all direct current loads of the base station are cut off, the operation is stopped, the electric energy is not output outwards, and the over-discharge protection state is entered.
Further, in another embodiment, the cloud server processes global information of the multi-source power supply system in real time, based on a machine learning multi-objective optimization algorithm (particle swarm optimization algorithm), the overall optimal operation state of the intelligent micro-grid power supply system is calculated, then the wireless communication module sends instructions to each monitoring module, and each monitoring module adjusts the operation state of local related equipment. On the premise of ensuring safe and stable operation of a power supply system, the intelligent scheduling of energy sources such as direct current remote supply, alternating current commercial power, electric vehicles and the like is realized by taking the minimized operation cost as the target.
A specific basic operation strategy of the cloud server of the power supply system is as follows:
under the condition that the photovoltaic power supply PV can normally work, the photovoltaic power supply PV supplies power to a 5G base station load, the photovoltaic power supply PV works in a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) mode, and if the direct-current busbar voltage U is monitoreddcSetting U higher than upper limit of DC bus voltagehJudging whether the energy storage battery is in an overcharged protection state at the moment, if the energy storage battery is not in the overcharged protection state, adjusting the energy storage battery to work in a charging state, regulating and controlling the charging power of the energy storage battery in real time based on the direct-current bus voltage and the electrical parameters of the energy storage battery, if the energy storage battery is in the overcharged protection state at the moment, judging whether a system can carry out energy scheduling at the moment, if the energy scheduling can be carried out, intelligently scheduling energy by taking the minimum running cost and the like as the targets, and if the energy scheduling cannot be carried out, regulating and controlling the photovoltaic power supply PV to work in a constant power CPP mode; if the bus voltage U is monitoreddcLower than the setting value U of the lower limit of the busbar voltagelAnd judging whether the system can carry out energy scheduling at the moment, if the system can carry out energy scheduling, aiming at minimizing the running cost and the like, intelligently scheduling energy, maintaining the voltage stability of the direct-current busbar, if the energy scheduling cannot be carried out, judging whether the energy storage battery is in an over-discharge protection state at the moment, if the energy storage battery is not in the over-discharge protection state, adjusting the energy storage battery to work in a discharge state, maintaining the voltage stability of the direct-current busbar, and simultaneously intelligently controlling the direct-current load to be cut off in a grading manner based on the electrical parameters of the energy storage battery until the energy storage battery enters the over-discharge protection state or other power supplies recover power supply.
Under the condition that the photovoltaic power supply PV can not normally work, the photovoltaic power supply PV is in a standby state or an isolation state, at the moment, whether energy scheduling can be carried out by a system is judged, if energy scheduling can be carried out, the aim of minimizing running cost and the like is fulfilled, energy is intelligently scheduled, if energy scheduling can not be carried out, whether the energy storage battery is in an over-discharge protection state at the moment is judged, if the energy storage battery is not in the over-discharge protection state, the energy storage battery is adjusted to work in a discharge state, the voltage stability of a direct-current busbar is maintained, meanwhile, the direct-current load is intelligently controlled to be cut off in a grading mode based on the electrical parameters of the energy storage battery, and the energy storage battery enters over-discharge protection or other power supplies recover power.
When the system runs, if the communication between the monitoring module and the cloud server is interrupted, the cloud server sends an alarm, and the monitoring module regulates and controls the working state of related equipment based on local information to maintain the normal work of the local equipment. If one or more modules in the direct current distribution unit 2 monitoring module, the photovoltaic cell monitoring module and the energy storage cell monitoring module are in communication interruption with the cloud server, the monitoring module regulating and controlling device enters a constant voltage input or output state to maintain the voltage stability of the direct current busbar. If one or more modules in other monitoring modules are in communication interruption with the cloud server, the system can continue working according to the operation strategy in normal communication after giving an alarm.
In another embodiment, the present invention further provides a method for calculating a minimum operating cost of a power supply system, comprising:
the input power of the multisource power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid is assumed to be positive power, and the output power of the multisource power supply system of the base station intelligent microgrid is assumed to be negative power. Suppose that the transmission power of the 5G base station and the alternating current commercial power is a kilowatt, the transmission power of the 5G base station and the direct current remote supply is b kilowatts, the transmission power of the 5G base station and the charging pile is c kilowatts, and the shortage or surplus power of the power supply system is y kilowatts, wherein y is a + b + c.
The 5G base station can exchange energy with the ac mains, the base station can supply power to the ac mains, u1 is-1, if not, u1 is 0, the ac mains can supply power to the base station, u2 is 1, if not, u2 is 0; if the base station can interact with the direct current remote power supply, the base station can supply power for the direct current remote power supply, v1 is-1, if the base station cannot supply power, v1 is 0, the direct current remote power supply can supply power for the base station, v2 is 1, and if the base station cannot supply power, v2 is 0; the base station can interact energy with the charging pile, the base station can supply power to the charging pile, w1 is-1, if not, w1 is 0, the charging pile can supply power to the base station, w2 is 1, and if not, w2 is 0; the interactive energy efficiency of the base station and alternating current commercial power is assumed to be eta 1, the interactive energy efficiency with direct current remote supply is assumed to be eta 2, and the interactive energy efficiency with the charging pile is assumed to be eta 3. Suppose that the voltage on the direct current remote supply base station side is 800V. The real-time electricity price of the AC mains supply for supplying power to the base station is assumed to be M1 yuan/kilowatt hour, and the real-time electricity price of the base station for supplying power to the AC mains supply is N1 yuan/kilowatt hour; the real-time electricity price for the base station to supply power by the direct-current remote supply is M2 yuan/kilowatt hour, and the real-time electricity price for the base station to supply power by the direct-current remote supply is N2 yuan/kilowatt hour; the charging pile supplies power to the base station at a real-time electricity rate of M3 yuan/kilowatt hour, and the base station supplies power to the charging pile at a real-time electricity rate of N3 yuan/kilowatt hour.
Based on the formula (1) and the formula (2), when the electricity cost for operating the base station is minimum, the values of a, b and c are solved
I＝u1*η1*a*N1+v1*η2*b*N2+w1*η2*c*N3
O＝u2*a*M1/η1+v2*b*M3/η2+w2*c*M2/η3
Z ═ I + O (yuan/h) (1) (unit time base station operation electricity cost)
y＝a+b+c(kW) (2)
Wherein, the direct current remote supply transmission power b is a communication scheduling command. And solving the values of the alternating current commercial power transmission power a and the charging pile transmission power c when the base station has the minimum running power consumption cost based on the particle swarm optimization. And issuing related instructions and adjusting the power supply system to operate in the optimal state.
In another embodiment, in the multi-source power supply system of the 5G base station smart micro grid, when the photovoltaic power supply, the commercial power supply, the direct current remote supply and the energy storage battery are abnormal or insufficient in power supply, the 5G base station distributes power supply demand information outwards, and the electric vehicle receives the demand information and then goes to the 5G base station to be connected for power supply;
when the photovoltaic power supply is surplus, the 5G base station distributes power supply surplus information outwards so as to attract the electric automobile to go to the 5G base station for charging;
for making things convenient for electric automobile and 5G basic station to carry out the energy interactive, as shown in fig. 7, the present case provides a 5G basic station concrete technical detail to the implementation, this 5G basic station can be used in the place that has the parking condition around, and does not need special setting to fill electric pile, is particularly suitable for electric automobile 15 temporary short time to park and carries out the energy interactive with 5G basic station, does not need parking area or parking stall of planning specially, saves space and cost, convenient to popularize and use, 5G basic station includes: a base station body 11 and a manipulator 13;
the base station main body 11 is open, and is not limited to a structure and a form, for example, a base station communication tower, a light pole, a telegraph pole, a building facade, a bridge, an advertisement pile, and the like can be used as the base station main body 11, and the base station main body 11 includes relevant modules or components of a 5G base station intelligent microgrid functional system, so as to realize functions of a 5G base station.
The manipulator 13 is arranged on the base station main body 11 in a lifting manner so as to adjust the height relative to the ground; taking a base station communication tower as an example, an electric lifting mechanism 12 is arranged on the base station communication tower, the manipulator 13 is connected with the electric lifting mechanism 12, the manipulator 13 is controlled by the electric lifting mechanism to realize horizontal lifting, the height relative to the ground is adjusted, when needed, the manipulator descends to be conveniently connected with an electric automobile, and when not needed, the manipulator ascends to avoid occupying the ground space.
The manipulator 13 comprises a plurality of electric telescopic mechanical rods 131, electric joints 132 and an intelligent control unit; the telescopic mechanical rod 131 is connected through the electric joint 132, and the intelligent control unit is electrically connected with the telescopic mechanical rod 131 and the electric joint 132 and used for controlling the extension and retraction of the telescopic mechanical rod 131 and the rotation of the electric joint 132 so as to realize the spatial position adjustment of the manipulator 13; the setting of telescopic mechanical pole can make the manipulator have flexible function, and when not using, the manipulator withdraws, does not occupy the exterior space to and avoid being destroyed.
The front end of the manipulator 13 is provided with a wiring component 14 and a positioning module; the connection part 14 can be a charging plug or a proximity charger; the positioning module can be an infrared positioner, an electromagnetic positioner or a laser positioner; the charging port of the electric vehicle 15 is also correspondingly provided with a positioning module, and the positioning module of the electric vehicle 15 can be quickly disassembled and assembled so as to be conveniently and flexibly installed; based on the mutual induction of the positioning modules, the intelligent control unit controls the manipulator 13 to adjust the spatial position to complete the butt joint of the wiring component 14 and the charging port of the electric vehicle 15. Especially, after the electric automobile realizes unmanned driving, the intelligent butt joint of the manipulator and the electric automobile is more important.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the present application provides specific technical details of another 5G base station, where the 5G base station is suitable for locations where there is no parking condition around, such as a green belt 18 and an isolation belt beside a road, and can effectively utilize the space above the green belt 18 and the isolation belt and the space beside the 5G base station, reduce the occupation of ground space, and reduce planning cost; the 5G base station comprises:
a base station body 11, a parking tower 16 disposed near the base station body 11, and an approach bridge 17 guiding an electric vehicle to the parking tower; the base station main body 11 is mainly a communication tower, a light pole, an advertisement tower and the like, the base station main body 11 is arranged in a place without parking conditions, such as a green belt 18 and an isolation belt beside a road, the base station main body 11 is electrically connected with a parking tower 16, the parking tower 16 is provided with a plurality of parking layers, each parking layer can park an electric automobile, each parking layer is provided with an electrical interface to be connected with the electric automobile, one end of the parking tower 16 is provided with an electric lifting support rod 19, one end of a bridge approach 17 is slidably connected with the electric lifting rod through an installation part 18, the installation part 18 moves up and down under the driving of the electric lifting rod 19, the bridge approach 17 also moves up and down to adjust the butted parking layers, and the other end of the bridge approach 17 is led to the roadside so that the electric automobile enters the parking tower 16 from the roadside through the bridge approach 17 and is electrically connected with the base station main body to perform energy interaction; the access bridge 17 may be curved, arcuate or linear as desired.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a multisource power supply system of 5G basic station intelligence microgrid which characterized in that:
the power supply side mainly supplies power by photovoltaic power, supplies power by commercial power as an auxiliary power, and supplies power for the direct current remote power supply, the energy storage battery, the charging pile and the electric automobile; except for photovoltaic power supply, each power supply unit in the power supply side is bidirectionally communicated with the electric energy conversion center; the 5G base station load is supplied with power by the electric energy conversion center;
the direct-current bus bar is used as an electric energy conversion center;
the energy storage battery is connected to the direct-current busbar through the battery charge-discharge controller;
the alternating current commercial power is connected with the direct current busbar through the alternating current power distribution unit;
the photovoltaic cell assembly is connected to the first direct current distribution unit through the MPPT controller, direct current is remotely supplied to be connected to the first direct current distribution unit, and the electric automobile and the charging pile are connected to the first direct current distribution unit; the first direct current power distribution unit is connected to a direct current bus bar through a first bidirectional DC/DC converter;
in the 5G base station load, an alternating current load is connected to an alternating current distribution unit, and alternating current commercial power and a direct current bus bar can supply the alternating current load through the alternating current distribution unit;
the direct current load is connected to the direct current busbar through the second direct current distribution unit;
the alternating current power distribution unit includes: the system comprises a bidirectional DC/AC converter, a first alternating current breaker, an alternating current overcurrent protector, a self-recovery type overvoltage and undervoltage protector, an alternating current bidirectional ammeter, a second alternating current breaker, an island detection module, an alternating current surge protector and an alternating current isolating switch;
the direct-current busbar is connected with the bidirectional DC/AC converter to realize electric energy form conversion, the bidirectional DC/AC converter is connected with the alternating-current circuit breaker, the first alternating-current circuit breaker is connected with the alternating-current overcurrent protector, the alternating-current overcurrent protector is connected with the self-recovery overvoltage and undervoltage protector, the self-recovery overvoltage and undervoltage protector is connected to a base station alternating-current load and is simultaneously connected with an alternating-current bidirectional ammeter, the alternating-current bidirectional ammeter is connected with the second alternating-current circuit breaker, the second alternating-current circuit breaker is connected to the alternating-current surge protector and is simultaneously connected with the alternating-current isolating switch, and the alternating-current isolating switch is connected with an alternating-current commercial power;
the island detection module is connected to the second alternating current circuit breaker and used for controlling the on-off of the alternating current circuit breaker;
the first direct current distribution unit includes: the direct current isolation switches, the direct current surge protectors, the direct current breakers, the direct current overcurrent protectors, the bidirectional DC/DC converters, the second direct current filter circuit and the direct current bus bar are arranged on the circuit board;
the MPPT controller is connected to a first direct current isolating switch, the first direct current isolating switch is connected to a first direct current surge protector and is also connected to a first direct current breaker, the first direct current breaker is connected to a first direct current overcurrent protector, and the first direct current overcurrent protector is connected to a direct current bus bar;
the direct-current remote power supply is connected with a second direct-current isolating switch, the second direct-current isolating switch is connected with a second direct-current surge protector and is also connected with a second direct-current circuit breaker, the second direct-current circuit breaker is connected with a second bidirectional DC/DC converter to achieve voltage grade conversion, the second bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a second direct-current over-current protector, and the second direct-current over-current protector is connected with a direct-current bus bar;
the charging pile is connected with a third direct-current isolating switch, the third direct-current isolating switch is connected with a third direct-current surge protector and is also connected with a third direct-current circuit breaker, the third direct-current circuit breaker is connected with a third bidirectional DC/DC converter, the third bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a third direct-current overcurrent protector, and the third direct-current overcurrent protector is connected with a direct-current busbar;
the direct current bus bar is connected with the high-voltage side of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter; the second direct current filter circuit is connected with the direct current bus bar and used for smoothing voltage fluctuation of the direct current bus bar;
the second direct current distribution unit includes:
the DC/DC converter comprises a fourth DC isolating switch, a fourth DC breaker, a fourth DC overcurrent protector, a fifth DC breaker, a unidirectional DC/DC converter and a sixth DC breaker;
the direct-current busbar is connected to a fourth direct-current isolating switch, the fourth direct-current isolating switch is connected to a fourth direct-current breaker, the fourth direct-current breaker is connected to a fourth direct-current overcurrent protector, the fourth direct-current overcurrent protector is connected to a fifth direct-current breaker and is also connected to a sixth direct-current breaker, the fifth direct-current breaker is connected to a one-way DC/DC converter and is used for achieving voltage grade conversion, the one-way DC/DC converter is connected to a far-end direct-current load, and the sixth direct-current breaker is connected to a near-end direct-current load;
still include operation monitoring system, operation monitoring system includes:
the system comprises a photovoltaic cell monitoring module, an energy storage cell monitoring module, an alternating current power distribution unit monitoring module, a first direct current power distribution unit monitoring module, a second direct current power distribution unit monitoring module, a wireless communication module and a cloud server;
the photovoltaic cell monitoring module collects photovoltaic cell string output voltage, photovoltaic cell string output current, single photovoltaic cell output voltage, single photovoltaic cell temperature, MPPT controller output voltage and MPPT controller output current in a photovoltaic module;
the photovoltaic cell monitoring module controls the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the MPPT controller based on the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell string, the output current of the cell string, the output voltage of the MPPT controller and the output current of the MPPT controller, tracks a maximum power point, and calculates the output power of the photovoltaic cell assembly and the output power of the MPPT controller;
the photovoltaic cell monitoring module calculates the output power of the single photovoltaic cell based on the output voltage of the single photovoltaic cell, the output current of the photovoltaic cell group string and the temperature of the single photovoltaic cell, and judges the health state of the single photovoltaic cell;
the photovoltaic cell monitoring module uploads photovoltaic cell string output voltage, photovoltaic cell string output current, photovoltaic cell string output power, MPPT controller output voltage, MPPT controller output current, MPPT controller output power, single photovoltaic cell output voltage, single photovoltaic cell output power, single photovoltaic cell temperature and single photovoltaic cell health state to the cloud server through the wireless communication module;
the cloud server sends the executive instruction to photovoltaic cell monitoring module through wireless communication module, and photovoltaic cell monitoring module adjusts MPPT controller running state according to the executive instruction, including but not limited to control MPPT controller high frequency switch break-make to control MPPT controller output voltage, and adjust MPPT controller mode, include: tracking a maximum power mode, a constant voltage output mode and a constant power output mode;
the energy storage battery monitoring module is used for acquiring the voltage of an energy storage battery pack, the current of the energy storage battery pack, the voltage of a single energy storage battery, the temperature of the single energy storage battery and the voltage of a direct-current bus;
the energy storage battery monitoring module calculates the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack based on the voltage of the energy storage battery pack and the current of the energy storage battery pack;
the energy storage battery monitoring module calculates the residual electric quantity of the single energy storage battery based on the voltage of the single energy storage battery, the current of the energy storage battery pack and the temperature of the single energy storage battery, and judges the health state of the single energy storage battery;
the energy storage battery monitoring module controls the on-off of a high-frequency switch of a battery charge and discharge controller based on the direct-current busbar voltage, the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack, the residual electric quantity of a single energy storage battery and the health state of the single energy storage battery;
the energy storage battery monitoring module uploads the voltage of an energy storage battery pack, the current of the energy storage battery pack, the voltage of a single energy storage battery, the temperature of the single energy storage battery, the residual electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack, the residual electric quantity of the single energy storage battery and the health state of the single energy storage battery to the cloud server through the wireless communication module;
cloud server passes through wireless communication module and sends the executive instruction to energy storage battery monitoring module, and energy storage battery monitoring module adjusts battery charge and discharge controller running state according to the executive instruction, including but not limited to the break-make of each high frequency switch of control battery charge and discharge controller to adjustment energy storage battery mode includes: the method comprises the following steps of charging, discharging, standby and isolation modes, and controlling the charging power and the discharging power of an energy storage battery;
the alternating current distribution unit monitoring module acquires direct current busbar voltage, alternating current mains supply current, alternating current mains supply frequency and island detection results;
the alternating current distribution unit monitoring module controls the power flow direction of the bidirectional DC/AC converter based on the direct current busbar voltage;
the alternating current power distribution unit monitoring module controls the alternating current power distribution unit to control the on-off state of the second alternating current circuit breaker based on the island detection result;
the alternating current distribution unit monitoring module calculates alternating current commercial power transmission power based on alternating current commercial power voltage, alternating current commercial power current and alternating current commercial power frequency, and controls the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the bidirectional DC/AC converter, so that alternating current output of the bidirectional DC/AC converter is synchronous with alternating current commercial power;
the AC power distribution unit monitoring module uploads DC bus voltage, AC mains supply current, AC mains supply frequency, island detection results, tide direction and AC mains supply transmission power to the cloud server through the wireless communication module;
send the executive instruction to alternating current distribution unit monitoring module through wireless communication module, alternating current distribution unit monitoring module adjusts the running state of first alternating current circuit breaker, second alternating current circuit breaker and two-way DC/AC converter in the alternating current distribution unit according to the executive instruction, including but not limited to control first alternating current circuit breaker, second alternating current circuit breaker switch break-make, control each high frequency switch break-make of two-way DC/AC converter to adjust two-way DC/AC converter mode of operation, include: a rectification mode, an inversion mode and a standby mode;
the second direct current distribution unit monitoring module acquires direct current busbar voltage, far-end direct current load current, near-end direct current load voltage and near-end direct current load current;
the second direct-current distribution unit monitoring module calculates far-end direct-current load power based on the direct-current busbar voltage, the far-end direct-current load voltage and the far-end direct-current load current, and controls the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the unidirectional DC/DC converter, so that the far-end direct-current load voltage changes along with the far-end direct-current load power, and the feed loss of the power supply far-end direct-current load is reduced;
the second direct current distribution unit monitoring module calculates the near-end direct current load power based on the near-end direct current load voltage and the near-end direct current load current;
the second direct current distribution unit monitoring module uploads far-end direct current load voltage, far-end direct current load current, far-end direct current load power, near-end direct current load voltage, near-end direct current load current and near-end direct current load power to the cloud server;
the cloud server sends an execution instruction to the second direct-current power distribution unit monitoring module through the wireless communication module, the second direct-current power distribution unit monitoring module adjusts the running states of a fourth direct-current circuit breaker, a fifth direct-current circuit breaker, a sixth direct-current circuit breaker and the unidirectional DC/DC converter in the second direct-current power distribution unit according to the execution instruction, and the running states include but are not limited to controlling the on-off of switches of the fourth direct-current circuit breaker, the fifth direct-current circuit breaker and the sixth direct-current circuit breaker and controlling the on-off of a high-frequency switch of the unidirectional DC/DC converter, so that the output voltage of the unidirectional DC/DC converter is adjusted;
the monitoring module of the first direct current power distribution unit acquires output voltage of the MPPT controller, output current of the MPPT controller, voltage at two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter, current at two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter, voltage at two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter, current at two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter, voltage at two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and current at two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter;
the first direct current power distribution unit monitoring module calculates the output power of the MPPT controller based on the output voltage of the MPPT controller and the output current of the MPPT controller;
the first direct current power distribution unit monitoring module calculates transmission power on two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter based on voltage on two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter and current on two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter;
the first direct current power distribution unit monitoring module calculates transmission power on two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter based on voltage on two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter and current on two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter;
the first direct current power distribution unit monitoring module calculates transmission power on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter based on voltage on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and current on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter;
the monitoring module of the first direct current power distribution unit uploads output power of an MPPT controller, voltage on two sides of a second bidirectional DC/DC converter, current on two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter, transmission power on two sides of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter, voltage on two sides of a third bidirectional DC/DC converter, current on two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter, transmission power on two sides of the third bidirectional DC/DC converter, voltage on two sides of a first bidirectional DC/DC converter, current on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and transmission power on two sides of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter to a cloud server;
the cloud server sends an execution instruction to a first direct current distribution unit monitoring module through a wireless communication module, the first direct current distribution unit monitoring module adjusts the running states of a first direct current breaker, a second direct current breaker, a third direct current breaker, a first bidirectional DC/DC converter, a second bidirectional DC/DC converter and a third bidirectional DC/DC converter in the first direct current distribution unit according to the execution instruction, and the running states include but are not limited to controlling the on-off of the first direct current breaker, the second direct current breaker and the third direct current breaker and controlling the high-frequency switch of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter, the second bidirectional DC/DC converter and the third bidirectional DC/DC converter, so that the output voltage and the working mode of the bidirectional DC/DC converter are adjusted, and the method comprises the following steps: a boost mode, a buck mode, and a standby mode.
2. The multi-source power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid according to claim 1, wherein the cloud server sends instructions to each monitoring module through the wireless communication module, each monitoring module adjusts the operation state of local related equipment, and intelligent scheduling of direct current remote supply, alternating current commercial power and electric vehicle energy is realized by aiming at minimizing the operation cost on the premise of ensuring safe and stable operation of the power supply system;
the basic operating strategy of the power supply system is as follows:
under the condition that a photovoltaic power supply PV in the photovoltaic power supply assembly can normally work, the photovoltaic power supply PV supplies power to a 5G base station load, the photovoltaic power supply PV works in a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) mode, and if the direct-current busbar voltage U is monitoreddcSetting U higher than upper limit of DC bus voltagehJudging whether the energy storage battery is in an overcharged protection state at the moment, if not, adjusting the energy storage battery to work in a charging state, regulating and controlling the charging power of the energy storage battery in real time based on the direct-current busbar voltage and the electrical parameters of the energy storage battery, and if so, judging whether the system can enter the overcharged protection state at the momentPerforming energy scheduling, wherein if energy scheduling can be performed, the energy is intelligently scheduled with the aim of minimizing the operation cost, and if energy scheduling cannot be performed, the photovoltaic power PV is regulated and controlled to work in a constant power CPP mode; if monitoring the DC bus voltage UdcLower than the lower limit voltage set value U of the DC bus barlJudging whether the system can perform energy scheduling at the moment, if so, intelligently scheduling energy and maintaining the voltage stability of the direct-current busbar by taking the minimized operation cost as a target, judging whether the energy storage battery is in an over-discharge protection state at the moment if not, adjusting the energy storage battery to work in a discharge state if the energy storage battery is not in the over-discharge protection state, maintaining the voltage stability of the direct-current busbar, and intelligently controlling the step-by-step cut-off of a direct-current load based on the electrical parameters of the energy storage battery until the energy storage battery enters the over-discharge protection state or other power supplies recover power supply;
under the condition that the photovoltaic power supply PV can not normally work, the photovoltaic power supply PV is in a standby state or an isolation state, at the moment, whether energy scheduling can be carried out by a system is judged, if energy scheduling can be carried out, the aim of minimizing the running cost is fulfilled, energy is intelligently scheduled, if energy scheduling can not be carried out, whether the energy storage battery is in an over-discharge protection state at the moment is judged, if the energy storage battery is not in the over-discharge protection state, the energy storage battery is adjusted to work in a discharge state, the voltage stability of a direct-current busbar is maintained, meanwhile, the direct-current load is intelligently controlled to be cut off in a grading mode based on the electrical parameters of the energy storage battery, and power supply is recovered until the energy storage battery enters over-discharge protection or other power supplies.
3. The multi-source power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid of claim 2, wherein during operation, if a monitoring module in the operation monitoring system is interrupted in communication with the cloud server, the cloud server gives an alarm, and the monitoring module regulates and controls the working state of related equipment based on local information to maintain the normal work of the local equipment;
if one or more modules in the second direct current power distribution unit monitoring module, the photovoltaic cell monitoring module and the energy storage cell monitoring module are in communication interruption with the cloud server, the operation monitoring system regulating and controlling device enters a constant voltage input or output state to maintain the voltage stability of the direct current busbar;
if one or more modules in other monitoring modules are interrupted in communication with the cloud server, the system continues working according to the basic operation strategy during normal communication after giving an alarm.
4. The multi-source power supply system of the 5G base station intelligent microgrid of claim 1, wherein when photovoltaic power supply, commercial power supply, direct current remote supply and an energy storage battery are abnormal or lack of power supply, the 5G base station distributes power supply demand information outwards, and the electric vehicle receives the demand information and then goes to the 5G base station to be connected for power supply;
when the photovoltaic power supply is surplus, the 5G base station distributes power supply surplus information outwards so as to attract the electric automobile to go to the 5G base station for charging;
for making things convenient for electric automobile and 5G basic station to carry out the energy interactive, 5G basic station includes:
the manipulator is arranged on the base station main body in a lifting mode to adjust the height relative to the ground, the manipulator comprises a plurality of telescopic mechanical rods, electric joints and an intelligent control unit, the telescopic mechanical rods are connected through the electric joints to achieve space position adjustment of the manipulator, a wiring component and a positioning module are arranged at the front end of the manipulator, the positioning module is correspondingly arranged at a charging port of the electric automobile, and the intelligent control unit controls the manipulator to adjust the space position to complete butt joint of the wiring component and the charging port of the electric automobile based on mutual induction of the positioning module;
or the 5G base station comprises:
the parking tower comprises a base station main body, a parking tower arranged near the base station main body and an approach bridge for guiding the electric automobile to the parking tower; the base station main body is arranged in a place without parking conditions and is electrically connected with the parking tower, the parking tower is provided with a plurality of parking layers, each parking layer can park the electric automobile, one end of the parking tower is provided with an electric lifting support rod, one end of the approach bridge is connected with the electric lifting support rod in a sliding mode and used for adjusting the parking layer in butt joint, and the other end of the approach bridge is led to the roadside so that the electric automobile enters the parking tower from the roadside through the approach bridge and is electrically connected with the base station main body for energy interaction.
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