CN113641631A - Block chain-based IPFS file management method, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Block chain-based IPFS file management method, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
- G06F16/13—File access structures, e.g. distributed indices
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Abstract
The invention provides a block chain-based IPFS file management method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a webpage front end transmits a target file to an IPFS through an IPFS file management end, the target file is used for the IPFS file management end to store the target file in the IPFS, and a hash value is obtained; the method comprises the steps that a webpage front end obtains a hash value through an IPFS file management end, and the hash value is transmitted to a block chain rear end so that the hash value is stored at the block chain rear end; the method comprises the steps that a webpage front end sends an execution request for executing an intelligent contract to a block chain rear end, and then a hash value obtained from the block chain rear end is displayed; the front end of the webpage receives an external instruction, accesses a target file of the IPFS file management end through the hash value, and uploads or downloads the target file according to the instruction. The invention also provides IPFS file management equipment and a computer readable storage medium. The data storage adopting the technical scheme of the invention has high safety, high privacy and easy use.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The present invention relates to the field of data processing technologies, and in particular, to an IPFS file management method, an IPFS file management apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium based on a block chain.
[ background of the invention ]
With the development of the internet, it is more and more important for users to upload files to the internet for storage and management. Data storage and security have been a major concern of contemporary internet, and how to reliably store data and protect the security and privacy of data is also a difficult issue. On the other hand, the requirements on network electronic transactions in all aspects are higher and higher, and the reliability and the safety of the transactions are ensured not only by rapidly processing the transactions but also by ensuring the reliability and the safety of the transactions
Currently, users generally upload files to a cloud disk, a block chain, and an ipfs (inter platform File system) for storage.
However, the traditional cloud disk is centralized, and the traditional cloud disk has been widely used at present due to the characteristics of large capacity, stable operation, convenient use and the like. Many industry users are reluctant to place data on the internet for data security and privacy concerns in particular. Especially for some environments with isolated internal and external networks, the internet-based cloud disk is not available. Generally, for files stored on a cloud disk, if the files are used as evidence in the future, a data integrity verification mechanism is necessarily required to be implemented, and the characteristics of trustiness, incapability of being tampered and the like built by the block chain technology naturally have the characteristics.
The data on the blockchain has very strong reliability and safety, but due to the characteristics of the blockchain, the transaction is required to be generated when the data is written on a blockchain platform, and the corresponding handling fee is required to be calculated according to the capacity of the data. If the data is excessive, the transaction may be rolled back because the commission generated by the transaction exceeds the commission limit of the platform. Therefore, the block chain is not suitable for storing large files and only suitable for storing small information, transaction records, user information, metadata and the like.
On the other hand, for a common user, the index hash obtained by uploading a file on the IPFS is inconvenient for centralized management and memory, although the IPFS officially proposes an IPNS naming service, each corresponding file needs to generate a public key correspondence by using an IPFS command, and this method is inconvenient for the user and still is not easy to remember.
In the existing technical solution of the file system related to the block chain combined IPFS, the following problems exist: firstly, the design is directed at the bottom layer storage scheme of the block chain, but as the public chain of the main flow block chain is made of Fabric, Ethereum and the like abroad and the popular alliance chain is made of Fabric, national dense edition, FISCO BCOS and the like in China, most of the technology and ecology of the main flow block chain are already formed, the design feasibility of the new bottom layer storage scheme of the block chain is risky, and the actual development of a project is difficult to fall to the ground; and secondly, aiming at the combination of the block chain recorded file information and the content of the file stored by the IPFS technology, the file is managed by using a traditional database, the record on the block chain is taken as the file verification information, in the scheme, the file is managed by using the traditional database mode, and the block chain technology is taken as the data security verification assistance, so that the safety and the privacy of the file are lower compared with the safety and the privacy of the file which is directly stored and managed on the block chain.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a new method and apparatus to solve the above technical problems.
[ summary of the invention ]
The present invention is directed to overcome the above technical problems and provide a block chain based IPFS file management method, an IPFS file management apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium, which have high security and high privacy of data storage and are easy to use.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a block chain-based IPFS file management method, where the block chain-based IPFS file management method is applied to an IPFS file management system, and the IPFS file management system includes:
the back end of the block chain is used for compiling an intelligent contract on a block chain platform, issuing the intelligent contract in the block chain and storing a hash value of a target file;
the IPFS file management terminal is used for storing the target file and providing an application program interface for file operation in the IPFS, wherein the file operation comprises uploading or downloading of the target file, calculating a hash value of the target file according to the target file and accessing the target file through the hash value;
the webpage front end is used for transmitting the hash value of the IPFS file management end to the rear end of the block chain, acquiring and displaying the hash value stored in the block chain, and accessing the target file according to the acquired hash value;
the IPFS file management method based on the block chain comprises the following steps:
step S1, the webpage front end transmits the target file to an IPFS through the IPFS file management end, the target file is used for the IPFS file management end to store the target file in the IPFS, and a hash value generated by the IPFS and corresponding to the target file is obtained;
step S2, the front end of the webpage acquires the hash value through the IPFS file management end, and transmits the hash value to the rear end of the block chain, so that the hash value is stored at the rear end of the block chain;
step S3, the front end of the web page sends an execution request for executing the intelligent contract to the back end of the block chain, and then displays the hash value obtained from the back end of the block chain, where the hash value is obtained by the front end of the web page executing the intelligent contract through the back end of the block chain;
step S4, the front end of the web page receives an external instruction, accesses the target file of the IPFS file management end through the hash value, and uploads or downloads the target file according to the instruction.
Preferably, the front end of the webpage is formed by jointly constructing a Web3.js library, an Ether house wallet and a React frame;
the Web3.js library is a set of application program interfaces for operating the intelligent contracts in the blockchain, and the Web3.js library is used for obtaining the blockchain accounts, obtaining the intelligent contract instances, reading the information of the intelligent contracts and calling the intelligent contracts; in step S3, the web page front end stores the hash value in the block chain back end through the web3.js library, and executes the intelligent contract through the web3.js library to obtain the stored hash value;
the Etherhouse wallet is used to manage the blockchain account; in step S4, the front end of the web page implements execution of the instruction of the external user through the etherhouse wallet;
the React frame is used for uploading and downloading the target file by adopting a set of IPFS application program interface package; in step S1, the front end of the web page executes the target file upload through the fact frame; in step S4, the front end of the web page uploads or downloads the target file through the fact frame.
Preferably, the front end of the webpage modifies the state variable of the target file in the intelligent contract through the Web3.js library, so as to support an access management mechanism and support the target file to have multi-level access rights by a file system at the rear end of the block chain.
Preferably, the webpage interface design at the front end of the webpage is constructed by node.
Preferably, the front end of the webpage adopts an OpenZeppelin library maintained by a GitHub community to design the intelligent contract so as to realize information management and authority management of the target file; the webpage front end comprises a user information table, a user record table, a personal file table and a total file table:
the user information table is used for recording personal information of a user account, and the personal information comprises registration information, login information and token balance of a user;
the user record table is used for recording all the block chain accounts in the rear end of the block chain;
the personal file table is used for recording all information about the target file uploaded by the user;
the total file table is used for mapping and accessing the personal file table corresponding to the user address through the user address; wherein the total file table adopts a mapping data type.
Preferably, the personal information further includes an integral value, the front end of the web page manages the integral value of the user account according to a preset integral rule, and the front end of the web page implements the preset integral rule by adopting the etherhouse ERC20 standard;
the preset integration rule is as follows:
after the users are successfully registered, each user obtains the integral value of X points, and judgment is carried out according to the target file conditions shared in the personal file tables of the users:
if one user shares the target file, the integral value of the user is increased by X1 points;
if one of the users cancels the sharing of the target file, the integral value of the user is reduced by X2 points;
if one of the users downloads the target file shared by other users, the integral value of the user downloading the target file is decreased by X3 points, and the integral value of the user downloading the target file is increased by X4 points; wherein X, X1, X2, X3 and X4 are positive integers, and X is respectively more than X1, X2, X3 and X4.
Preferably, the block chain-based IPFS file management method further includes the steps of:
and step S5, the front end of the webpage modifies the state variable of the integral value in the intelligent contract through the rear end of the block chain according to the preset integral rule.
Preferably, the block chain is an Ether house block chain, and the intelligent contract is compiled by adopting a Truffle framework; the IPFS is an IPFS cluster, the IPFS cluster performs unified management on all nodes in the IPFS cluster through an IPFS-cluster-service and an IPFS-cluster-ctl, wherein all the nodes comprise a management node and a common node, the management node is provided with the IPFS-cluster-ctl to serve as a management end, and the common node is provided with the IPFS-cluster-service to serve as a service end.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an IPFS file management apparatus, including a processor and a memory, where the processor is configured to read a program in the memory, and when the processor reads the program in the memory, the processor performs the steps in the block chain based IPFS file management method described in any one of the above.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored, where the computer program includes program instructions, and the program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the steps in the method for managing an IPFS file based on a blockchain as described in any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the block chain-based IPFS file management method, the IPFS file management device and the computer-readable storage medium realize the block chain-based IPFS file management method through the block chain rear end, the IPFS file management end and the webpage front end which are set by the IPFS file management system, and comprise the following steps: step S1, the webpage front end transmits the target file to the IPFS through the IPFS file management end; step S2, the front end of the webpage acquires the hash value through the IPFS file management end, and transmits the hash value to the rear end of the block chain, so that the hash value is stored at the rear end of the block chain; step S3, the front end of the web page sends an execution request for executing the intelligent contract to the back end of the block chain, and then displays the hash value obtained from the back end of the block chain, where the hash value is obtained by the front end of the web page executing the intelligent contract through the back end of the block chain; step S4, the front end of the web page receives an external instruction, accesses the target file of the IPFS file management end through the hash value, and uploads or downloads the target file according to the instruction. Therefore, the file is managed by the intelligent contract at the rear end of the block chain, and the hash value corresponding to the target file is stored in the block chain, so that decentralized file storage, management and sharing of the intelligent contract based on the block chain are realized, and the reliability and the safety of user data information and file data information are high. The IPFS file management end stores the target file, so that the IPFS file management end does not store any user file information and file content, and the requirements of a user on the security and privacy of the file in a network space are greatly improved. Simultaneously, the front end of the webpage is adopted to manage the target file and the hash value by the block chain rear end and the IPFS file management end, so that a user logs in, views the file and downloads the file through the hash value in a local intelligent contract calling mode; and for user registration, uploading a hash value obtained by a file, modifying file information, managing tokens and the like, and calling an intelligent contract in a form of initiating a transaction. The arrangement of the front end of the webpage not only ensures the response speed of the distributed IPFS file management end, but also ensures the safety and reliability of the files stored at the back end of the block chain, realizes the efficient management of the files stored in the network space and is easy to use, so that the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages of high data storage safety, high privacy and easy use.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts, wherein,
fig. 1 is a block diagram of an IPFS file management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a block chain-based IPFS file management method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of step S3 of a method for managing an IPFS file based on a block chain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of step S5 of a method for managing an IPFS file based on a block chain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a module structure of an IPFS file management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic data structure diagram of a front end of a web page of an IPFS file management method based on a block chain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an IPFS file management device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application or the accompanying drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order. Reference herein to "an embodiment or this implementation" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
The invention provides an IPFS file management method based on a block chain.
Please refer to fig. 1-6.
The IPFS file management method based on the block chain is applied to an IPFS file management system 100, and the IPFS file management system 100 comprises a block chain rear end 1, a webpage front end 2 and an IPFS file management end 3.
The block chain back end 1 is used for writing an intelligent contract on a block chain platform, issuing the intelligent contract in the block chain, and storing a hash value of a target file. The file is managed by the intelligent contract at the rear end of the block chain, and the hash value corresponding to the target file is stored in the block chain, so that decentralized file storage, management and sharing of the intelligent contract based on the block chain are realized, and the reliability and the safety of user data information and file data information are high.
In this embodiment, the block chain is an ether house block chain. The ether house block chain realizes the block chain technology of the bottom layer and shields the details of the block chain of the bottom layer. Preferably, the ether house blockchain provides a static language named identity to program programmers to write intelligent contracts, and provides global functions and global variables related to blockchain information. The characteristics of the Etherhouse blockchain enable developers to develop intelligent contracts very conveniently, and meanwhile, the information of the blockchain is used without paying attention to the implementation details of the underlying blockchain. Due to the characteristics of the ethernet house block chain, the block chain selected in the technical scheme in this embodiment is the ethernet house block chain, and an intelligent contract is written on the ethernet house block chain platform, so that the back-end function of the IPFS file management system 100 is realized, and then the intelligent contract is issued to the block chain environment. Of course, without limitation, the blockchain may also be other, such as blockchain public chain Fabric, alliance chain Fabric country edition, and alliance chain FISCO BCOS.
Preferably, the technical solution in this embodiment uses Remix to write and test the intelligent contract. Remix is a block chain development environment of online web pages, Remix is searched in a browser, and a Remix-Ethereum IDE entry is an entrance of the development environment. The IDE provides a number of functions such as compiling, debugging, running intelligent contracts, performing static analysis on intelligence, unit testing, etc. The other characteristic is that the Remix deployment mode is very flexible, and development and testing of intelligent contracts by developers are very convenient.
In this embodiment, on the ethernet block chain platform, the intelligent contract is written in a Solidity language, and a keyword of the intelligent contract is a contact, which is similar to a class of c + +, and may include variables and methods, and may further include other contacts. Initiating a transaction is actually executing an intelligent contract, which is actually executing the method in the contract. The identity is a contract-oriented high-level language with a syntax similar to that of JavaScript, and the compiled binary runs in the EVM. The identity is a static type language, and supports the characteristics of inheritance, library access, complex user-defined types and the like. The Solidity high level contract language is currently most widely and efficiently used in the contracts of the etherhouse blockchains.
In this embodiment, the intelligent contract is compiled using a Truffle framework. The Truffle framework is a development environment and a test framework of the Ethernet bay block chain environment world level, and a resource management channel of the Ethernet bay block chain aims to simplify the development of the Ethernet bay block chain. The Truffle framework has the following characteristics: built-in intelligent contract compiling, linking, deploying and binary file managing. Automatic contract testing under rapid development. A scripted, extensible deployment and release framework. And deploying the network environment management function of the public network or the private network. The ERC190 standard is used with the packet management provided by EthPM and NPM. A direct interactive console in direct communication with the contract can command inline verification upon writing the contract. The configurable construction process supports compact integration. Execution of external scripts is also supported in the Truffle environment.
The IPFS file manager 3 is configured to store the target file and provide an application program interface for performing file operations in the IPFS. The file operation comprises uploading or downloading of the target file, calculating a hash value of the target file according to the target file, and accessing the target file through the hash value. The IPFS file management end stores the target file, so that the IPFS file management end does not store any user file information and file content, and the requirements of a user on the safety and privacy of the file in a network space are greatly improved. Preferably, the IPFS file manager 3 implements file support for distributed multi-copy storage.
In this embodiment, the IPFS is an IPFS cluster, and the IPFS cluster performs unified management on all nodes in the IPFS cluster through an IPFS-cluster-service and an IPFS-cluster-ctl. The IPFS cluster has the main function of uniformly performing file uploading operation, pin format file operation and file deleting operation in all the nodes.
Wherein, the all nodes comprise a management node and a common node. And the management node is provided with an ipfs-cluster-ctl as a management end. And the common node is provided with an ipfs-cluster-service as a server. Unlike conventional Web services, the Web service of the Web page front end 2 is applied to a plurality of servers, thereby achieving the purpose of relieving a single server. For example, when a user uploads the target file, the target file is uploaded to the common node where the current service in the IPFS cluster is located, that is, a local server; and then fixedly storing the target file on the IPFS cluster, and caching the target file at a current local server. And when the user downloads the target file, accessing whether the current local server side is cached or not, and if not, downloading through the node routing network of the IPFS cluster. Therefore, the data is cached by the local server side in the IPFS cluster and the IPFS cluster fixed data, the uploading and the downloading of the data become efficient, and meanwhile, the reliability and the safety of the data are guaranteed.
The webpage front end 2 is configured to transmit the hash value of the IPFS file management end 3 to the block chain rear end 1, obtain and display the hash value stored in the block chain, and access the target file according to the obtained hash value.
Specifically, the front end 2 of the webpage is formed by jointly constructing a Web3.js library 21, an Ether house wallet 22 and a React frame 23.
The web3.js library 21 is a set of Application Programming interfaces (API for short) for operating the intelligent contracts in the blockchain. The web3.js library 21 is used to obtain the blockchain account, obtain the intelligent contract instance, read information of the intelligent contract, and invoke the intelligent contract.
The web3.js library 21 is a JavaScript library, and a set of application program interfaces API for how the front end of the webpage operates the intelligent contract of the ether house blockchain is provided therein, such as obtaining an ether house account, obtaining the intelligent contract instance, reading the intelligent contract information, calling the intelligent contract, and the like. Through the setting of the Web3.js library 21, the webpage front end 2 can be connected with the block chain rear end 1 very conveniently and operate the intelligent contract, and an Ethernet block chain program based on Web is constructed, so that a lot of convenience is brought to development.
The web3.js library 21 of the web page front end 2 is used as a link library to connect with the blockchain back end 1. Specifically, the web page front end 2 modifies the state variable of the target file in the intelligent contract through the web3.js library 21, so as to support the access management mechanism and support the target file to have multi-level access rights by the file system of the block chain rear end 1. The setting of the Web3.js library 21 is beneficial to the file operation and management of the front end 2 of the webpage on the back end 1 of the blockchain.
In this embodiment, the web front end 2 adopts an OpenZeppelin library maintained by a GitHub community to design the smart contract, so as to implement information management and authority management of the target file, and thus, the information management and authority management of the target file can be reliably designed and implemented. The files of the user are managed through the front end 2 of the webpage, and the file management mode is flexible and history version files can be selected by taking the shared file group as an example for explanation. And can set up the file group of different authorities, the authority of the said target file; moving the file; shared member management within a group, etc. By modifying the functional design of the intelligent contract, the target file sharing mode is flexible and easy to manage.
Of course, without limitation, the web page front end 2 implements management of the platform role authority by using an OpenZeppelin library maintained by a GitHub community. The platform roles include general users and administrators. Wherein, the general user generally registers the user information first, and then logs in the IPFS file management system 100. The next step is to enter the user main interface of the web page front end 2 of the IPFS file management system 100, and then file management, such as checking user personal information and points, checking and modifying file information, and uploading and downloading file contents, can be performed. The ordinary user has complete operation authority to all the files. On the user main interface of the web page front end 2 of the IPFS file management system 100, a general user may issue a demand file, and may also report an illegal file, which may increase points of the general user. However, if a common user violates rules or maliciously accesses the system, the common user will be added into a system blacklist and is punished by system access restriction, file uploading and downloading and the like. And the administrator performs community maintenance of the platform. For example, a common user who violates multiple times is added into a blacklist, and the authority of the common user is limited; and modifying the visibility of a file with illegal content on a platform, and the like.
The etherhouse wallet 22(MetaMask) is used to manage the blockchain accounts. The Etherhouse wallet 22(MetaMask) is a Web browser plug-in compatible with Google, Chrome, Opera, and Firefox. The etherhouse wallet 22(MetaMask) can be installed like any other Google Chrome extension or Firefox plug-in. The installation and handling is relatively easy. With the ethernet wallet 22(MetaMask) installed and running, there is now a fully functional ethernet wallet 22 that can be built directly into the user's browser. Thus allowing the etherhouse wallet 22 to conveniently manage user accounts, transfer funds to others, initiate transactions, and process transactions, such as accepting or rejecting transactions. By using the built-in Etherhouse wallet 22(MetaMask) in the webpage front end 2, many operations on user information and Etherhouse blockchains can be omitted from the webpage front end 2, thereby simplifying both the operation of the user on the web and the development of the webpage front end 2.
The fact framework 23 is used for uploading and downloading the target file by adopting a set of IPFS application program interface package. The React frame 23 is a JAVASCRIPT library used to construct a user interface. The fact frame 23 is mainly used for constructing a UI, originates from an internal project of Facebook, is used for erecting a website of the Instagram, and is opened in 2013 in 5 months. The fact frame 23 has high performance and simple code logic, and more people begin to pay attention to and use the fact. The fact framework 23 is convenient and simple for managing and introducing the npm package, and can well quote the IPFS-API package. Of course, not limited to this, it is also possible to replace the fact frame 23 with an Vue frame.
In the present embodiment, the web interface design of the web front end 2 is constructed by node. Js is adopted to construct the web interface of the web front end 2, which is easy to develop and design, and the read frame 23 is combined to realize the service logic of the cloud disk, the calling block chain service and the calling IPFS file service of the IPFS file management system 100.
It should be noted that the web3.js library 21, the etherhouse wallet 22, and the fact frame 23 are all software programs or modules commonly used in the art, and specific performance needs to be designed and adjusted according to actual design needs of the system, which is not described herein in detail.
The IPFS file management method based on the block chain comprises the following steps:
step S1, the web page front end 2 transmits the target file to the IPFS through the IPFS file manager 3. And the target file is used for storing the target file in the IPFS by the IPFS file management terminal, and acquiring a hash value generated by the IPFS and corresponding to the target file.
In this embodiment, in step S1, the front end 2 of the web page uploads the target file through the fact frame 23;
step S2, the web page front end 2 obtains the hash value through the IPFS file manager 3, and transmits the hash value to the block chain back end 1, so that the hash value is stored in the block chain back end 1.
Step S3, the web page front end 2 sends an execution request for executing the intelligent contract to the blockchain back end 1, and then displays the hash value obtained from the blockchain back end 1. The hash value is obtained by the front end 2 of the webpage executing the intelligent contract through the block chain back end 1.
The Web interface of the webpage front end 2 is used for displaying data stored in the Ether house block chain, and friendly man-machine interaction is provided for users. The main functions implemented by the web page front end 2 are: user information is displayed to the user by accessing the EtherFang blockchain. In this embodiment, the front end 2 of the web page provides a customized button for uploading and downloading files. So that the user can choose to view personal files and view files shared in the network. Specifically, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
step S31, the front end 2 of the web page sends an execution request to the back end 1 of the block chain.
In step S32, the web front end 2 obtains the execution result corresponding to the execution request and the hash value. And the execution result is that the block chain back end 1 executes the intelligent contract according to the execution request to generate.
And step S33, rendering the page of the web page by the front end 2 according to the execution result.
And step S34, the front end 2 of the web page displays the hash value in the rendered page.
In this embodiment, in step S3, the web page front end 2 stores the hash value in the block chain back end 1 through the web3.js library 21, and executes the intelligent contract through the web3.js library 21 to obtain the stored hash value.
Step S4, the web front end 2 receives an external instruction, accesses the target file of the IPFS file management terminal 3 through the hash value, and uploads or downloads the target file according to the instruction.
Wherein, the external instruction is an instruction automatically generated by a user selecting a menu or a key on a display interface of the webpage front end 2.
By the implementation of the step S1 to the step S4, the block chain based IPFS file management method has the following advantages:
firstly, the webpage front end 2 effectively combines and applies two internet technologies of an Ether house block chain and an IPFS, thereby solving the problem that the cost for storing large-capacity files by the block chain in the block chain rear end 1 is too high. The user can obtain the file information of the target file by inquiring the meta information recorded on the block chain at the front end 2 of the webpage, so that the file management method is easy to manage the file authority and upload and download files. Since the blockchain in the blockchain back end 1 is a decentralized third-party tool, the blockchain has non-repudiation based on the one-way hash function, and a user can trust the meta-information on the blockchain of the blockchain back end 1 and determine the authenticity of the meta-information. And the IPFS of the IPFS file management terminal 3 is based on content instead of traditional domain name based addressing, so that the user does not need to care about the location of the server and does not need to consider the name and path of the file storage. Placing one of the object files in an IPFS node will result in a uniquely encrypted hash value calculated based on its content. The hash value directly reflects the content of the file, and even if only 1 bit is modified, the hash value is completely different. The target file is stored on the IPFS server of the IPFS file management terminal 3, so that the security of the target file is ensured. The webpage front end 2 effectively combines and applies two internet technologies of an Ether house block chain and an IPFS, so that the transparency and the safety of information recording are guaranteed in the aspect of file information, the information recording is independently controlled by a user, and the good reliability and the safety of file contents are guaranteed.
Secondly, the webpage front end 2 performs file management by adopting the intelligent contract executed by the block chain rear end 1, so that a user does not directly contact with an IPFS server of the IPFS file management end 3. Due to the characteristics of IPFS service, if the hash values of the management file and the record file are operated in a command line mode, the operation is inconvenient for common users; meanwhile, the hash value is inconvenient to memorize and manage, and the hash value managed by the user can cause information leakage, so that the safety is reduced. And the webpage front end 2 performs file management by adopting the intelligent contract executed by the block chain rear end 1, so that not only can a user conveniently operate and manage files, but also the safe and reliable record of file information is ensured in the block chain of the block chain rear end 1.
Thirdly, the target file is stored in the IPFS file management terminal 3, and the hash value of the target file is stored in the blockchain at the back end 1 of the blockchain, so that the cloud disk system is transparent at low cost. The traditional cloud disk system is centralized, and a user can only trust the behavior of the platform in a single direction, so that data cannot be leaked, user file information cannot be read, the privacy of the user cannot be violated, and the like. On the other hand, in the past years, hackers invade the cloud disk system and steal user file information and content sometimes happens. Many industry users are reluctant to place data on the internet for data security, especially privacy concerns. The webpage front end 2 effectively combines and applies two internet technologies of an Ether house block chain and an IPFS, and guarantees the transparency of file management and the safety, privacy and reliability of file information and content by using technical characteristics.
In this embodiment, the front end 2 of the webpage implements the execution of the instruction of the external user through the ethernet wallet 22.
In this embodiment, the front end 2 of the web page uploads or downloads the target file through the fact frame 23.
In this embodiment, the data structure of the web front end 2 adopts a table format, and specifically, the web front end 2 includes a user information table, a user record table, a personal file table, and a total file table.
The user information table is used for recording personal information of a user account, and the personal information comprises registration information, login information and token balance of a user.
The user record table is used for recording all the blockchain accounts in the blockchain back end 1.
The personal file table is used for recording all information about the target file uploaded by the user.
The total file table is used for mapping and accessing the personal file table corresponding to the user address through the user address.
Wherein the total file table adopts a mapping data type. The personal file is mapped through the user address, and the personal file of the user is accessed through the user address only in a short time, so that the method is efficient and convenient to operate. The personal file is used to record various information about the user uploaded file. The hash value of the target file is used for indexing a file in the IPFS. And the file name of the target file is used for feeding back user information and downloading the file. And the time of the target file is used for feeding back user information. And the authority of the target file is used for recording whether the user shares the file in the distributed file system. The webpage front end 2 adopts an OpenZeppelin library maintained by a GitHub community, combines the characteristics of the intelligent contract of the Ethengfang, designs a plurality of information recording tables by using a mapping data type structure, and realizes the recording of file information and the management of file authority, thereby efficiently and conveniently managing the file information.
The webpage front end 2 uses an OpenZeppelin library to ensure that file authority management is safe and reliable, uses an intelligent contract and a mapping data type structure to design the user information table, the user record table, the personal file table and the total file table, ensures that file related information is efficiently and reliably stored in a block chain, realizes file information storage and file operation related services, has complete operation rights on management files by common users, ensures the privacy and the safety of the target files, and also ensures that the service of the webpage front end 2 has the characteristics of decentralization and transparency.
In this embodiment, the personal information further includes a point value. The web front end 2 manages the integral value of the user account according to a preset integral rule. Because the hash value of the technical scheme is stored in the block chain back end 1, the webpage front end 2 can realize a set of intelligent contract scheme on the basis of storing files, managing file information and realizing integral rules.
Wherein the preset integration rule is as follows:
after the users are successfully registered, each user obtains the integral value of X points, and judgment is carried out according to the target file conditions shared in the personal file tables of the users:
if one user shares the target file, the integral value of the user is increased by X1 points;
if one of the users cancels the sharing of the target file, the integral value of the user is reduced by X2 points;
if one of the users downloads the target file shared by the other users, the integral value of the user downloading the target file is decreased by X3 points, and the integral value of the user downloading the target file is increased by X4 points. Wherein X, X1, X2, X3 and X4 are positive integers, and X is respectively more than X1, X2, X3 and X4.
For example, X is 100, and X1, X2, X3, and X4 are set to 10, 5, and 5, respectively. Of course, X1, X2, X3, and X4 are 10, and 10, respectively, for easy handling.
The IPFS file management method based on the block chain further comprises the following steps:
and step S5, the front end 2 of the webpage modifies the state variable of the integral value in the intelligent contract through the back end 1 of the block chain according to the preset integral rule.
The step S5 may enable the user to share their own storage resources to other people and obtain corresponding rewards, so as to improve the portability and usability of the block chain-based IPFS file management method.
In this embodiment, the front end of the web page implements the preset integration rule by using the etherhouse ERC20 standard. Therefore, the webpage front end 2 is designed into a community which can be socialized by the user, and the community is combined with the preset point rule so as to encourage the user to use the community platform formed by the webpage front end 2 more. One core of the commonalization platform is resource sharing. The shared resources may be limited or unlimited. The common users need to spend a certain amount of points to acquire the desired resources, and the points are divided by the community platform and the common users sharing the resources according to a certain proportion. The more scarce the resources, the more points the average user gets divided. If the ordinary user wants to acquire a certain resource, the ordinary user can issue a resource reward, and the ordinary user who owns the resource is encouraged to share the resource by taking a certain amount of points as a reward. At this time, the shared resource can only be obtained by the ordinary users who enjoy the resource.
In summary, the front end 2 of the webpage is adopted to manage the block chain rear end 1 and the IPFS file management end 3 on the target file and the hash value, so that a user logs in, and a mode of locally calling an intelligent contract is adopted for viewing the file and downloading the file through the hash value; and for user registration, uploading a hash value obtained by a file, modifying file information, managing tokens and the like, and calling an intelligent contract in a form of initiating a transaction. That is, the setting of the web page front end 2 not only ensures the response speed of the distributed IPFS file management end 3, but also ensures the security and reliability of the files stored in the blockchain back end 1, and realizes efficient file management and easy use of the files stored in the network space.
The present invention also provides an IPFS file management apparatus 1000. Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an IPFS file management apparatus 1000 according to the present invention.
The IPFS file management apparatus 1000 includes a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a network interface 1003, and a computer program stored on the memory 1002 and operable on the processor 1001, where the processor 1001 is configured to read the program in the memory 1002, and the processor 1001, when executing the computer program, implements the steps in the block chain based IPFS file management method provided by the embodiment. Namely, the processor 1001 executes the steps in the block chain based IPFS file management method.
Specifically, the processor 1001 is configured to perform the following steps:
and step S1, the web page front end transmits the target file to the IPFS through the IPFS file manager. And the target file is used for storing the target file in the IPFS by the IPFS file management terminal, and acquiring a hash value generated by the IPFS and corresponding to the target file.
Step S2, the web page front end obtains the hash value through the IPFS file manager, and transmits the hash value to the blockchain back end, so that the hash value is stored at the blockchain back end.
Step S3, the front end of the web page sends an execution request for executing the intelligent contract to the back end of the block chain, and then displays the hash value obtained from the back end of the block chain, where the hash value is obtained by the front end of the web page executing the intelligent contract through the back end of the block chain.
Step S4, the front end of the web page receives an external instruction, accesses the target file of the IPFS file management end through the hash value, and uploads or downloads the target file according to the instruction.
The IPFS file management apparatus 1000 according to the embodiment of the present invention can implement each implementation manner in the block chain-based IPFS file management method embodiment, and has corresponding beneficial effects, and for avoiding repetition, details are not described here again.
It is noted that only 1001-1003 with components are shown, but it is understood that not all of the illustrated components are required and that more or fewer components may be implemented instead. It is understood by those skilled in the art that the IPFS file management apparatus 1000 is an apparatus capable of automatically performing numerical calculation and/or information processing according to a preset or stored instruction, and the hardware includes, but is not limited to, a microprocessor, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Programmable gate array (FPGA), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an embedded apparatus, and the like.
The memory 1002 includes at least one type of readable storage medium including a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory, etc.), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the storage 1002 may be an internal storage unit of the IPFS file management apparatus 1000, such as a hard disk or a memory of the IPFS file management apparatus 1000. In other embodiments, the memory 1002 may also be an external storage device of the IPFS file management apparatus 1000, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), and the like, which are provided on the IPFS file management apparatus 1000. Of course, the memory 1002 may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the IPFS file management apparatus 1000. In this embodiment, the memory 1002 is generally configured to store an operating system and various types of application software installed in the IPFS file management apparatus 1000, for example, a program code of a block chain-based IPFS file management method of the IPFS file management apparatus 1000. The memory 1002 may also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or are to be output.
The processor 1001 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other data Processing chip in some embodiments. The processor 1001 is generally used to control the overall operation of the IPFS file management apparatus 1000. In this embodiment, the processor 1001 is configured to run a program code stored in the memory 1002 or process data, for example, a program code of a block chain-based IPFS file management method of the IPFS file management apparatus 1000.
The network interface 1003 may include a wireless network interface or a wired network interface, and the network interface 1003 is generally used for establishing a communication connection between the IPFS file management apparatus 1000 and other electronic devices.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a processor 1001, implement the steps in the method for block chain based IPFS file management as described above.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes in the block chain based IPFS file management method for implementing the specific control device of the embodiment may be implemented by a computer program instructing associated hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, may include processes such as the embodiments of the methods. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
The present embodiment mentioned in the examples of the present invention is for convenience of description. The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Compared with the prior art, the block chain-based IPFS file management method, the IPFS file management device and the computer-readable storage medium realize the block chain-based IPFS file management method through the block chain rear end, the IPFS file management end and the webpage front end which are set by the IPFS file management system, and comprise the following steps: step S1, the webpage front end transmits the target file to the IPFS through the IPFS file management end; step S2, the front end of the webpage acquires the hash value through the IPFS file management end, and transmits the hash value to the rear end of the block chain, so that the hash value is stored at the rear end of the block chain; step S3, the front end of the web page sends an execution request for executing the intelligent contract to the back end of the block chain, and then displays the hash value obtained from the back end of the block chain, where the hash value is obtained by the front end of the web page executing the intelligent contract through the back end of the block chain; step S4, the front end of the web page receives an external instruction, accesses the target file of the IPFS file management end through the hash value, and uploads or downloads the target file according to the instruction. Therefore, the file is managed by the intelligent contract at the rear end of the block chain, and the hash value corresponding to the target file is stored in the block chain, so that decentralized file storage, management and sharing of the intelligent contract based on the block chain are realized, and the reliability and the safety of user data information and file data information are high. The IPFS file management end stores the target file, so that the IPFS file management end does not store any user file information and file content, and the requirements of a user on the security and privacy of the file in a network space are greatly improved. Simultaneously, the front end of the webpage is adopted to manage the target file and the hash value by the block chain rear end and the IPFS file management end, so that a user logs in, views the file and downloads the file through the hash value in a local intelligent contract calling mode; and for user registration, uploading a hash value obtained by a file, modifying file information, managing tokens and the like, and calling an intelligent contract in a form of initiating a transaction. The arrangement of the front end of the webpage not only ensures the response speed of the distributed IPFS file management end, but also ensures the safety and reliability of the files stored at the back end of the block chain, realizes the efficient management of the files stored in the network space and is easy to use, so that the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages of high data storage safety, high privacy and easy use.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An IPFS file management method based on a block chain is characterized in that the IPFS file management method based on the block chain is applied to an IPFS file management system, and the IPFS file management system comprises:
the back end of the block chain is used for compiling an intelligent contract on a block chain platform, issuing the intelligent contract in the block chain and storing a hash value of a target file;
the IPFS file management terminal is used for storing the target file and providing an application program interface for file operation in the IPFS, wherein the file operation comprises uploading or downloading of the target file, calculating a hash value of the target file according to the target file and accessing the target file through the hash value;
the webpage front end is used for transmitting the hash value of the IPFS file management end to the rear end of the block chain, acquiring and displaying the hash value stored in the block chain, and accessing the target file according to the acquired hash value;
the IPFS file management method based on the block chain comprises the following steps:
step S1, the webpage front end transmits the target file to an IPFS through the IPFS file management end, the target file is used for the IPFS file management end to store the target file in the IPFS, and a hash value generated by the IPFS and corresponding to the target file is obtained;
step S2, the front end of the webpage acquires the hash value through the IPFS file management end, and transmits the hash value to the rear end of the block chain, so that the hash value is stored at the rear end of the block chain;
step S3, the front end of the web page sends an execution request for executing the intelligent contract to the back end of the block chain, and then displays the hash value obtained from the back end of the block chain, where the hash value is obtained by the front end of the web page executing the intelligent contract through the back end of the block chain;
step S4, the front end of the web page receives an external instruction, accesses the target file of the IPFS file management end through the hash value, and uploads or downloads the target file according to the instruction.
2. The IPFS file management method based on the block chain as recited in claim 1, wherein the front end of the webpage is formed by jointly constructing a Web3.js library, an Ether house wallet and a React frame;
the Web3.js library is a set of application program interfaces for operating the intelligent contracts in the blockchain, and the Web3.js library is used for obtaining the blockchain accounts, obtaining the intelligent contract instances, reading the information of the intelligent contracts and calling the intelligent contracts; in step S3, the web page front end stores the hash value in the block chain back end through the web3.js library, and executes the intelligent contract through the web3.js library to obtain the stored hash value;
the Etherhouse wallet is used to manage the blockchain account; in step S4, the front end of the web page implements execution of the instruction of the external user through the etherhouse wallet;
the React frame is used for uploading and downloading the target file by adopting a set of IPFS application program interface package; in step S1, the front end of the web page executes the target file upload through the fact frame; in step S4, the front end of the web page uploads or downloads the target file through the fact frame.
3. The method for managing the IPFS file based on the blockchain as recited in claim 2, wherein the front end of the web page modifies the state variables of the target file in the smart contract through the Web3.js library to realize that the file system at the back end of the blockchain supports the access management mechanism and supports the target file to have multi-level access rights.
4. The IPFS file management method based on the block chain as claimed in claim 3, wherein the web interface design of the front end of the web page is constructed by node.
5. The IPFS file management method based on the block chain as recited in claim 1, wherein the smart contract is designed by the front end of the webpage by adopting an OpenZeppelin library maintained by a GitHub community, so as to realize information management and authority management of the target file; the webpage front end comprises a user information table, a user record table, a personal file table and a total file table:
the user information table is used for recording personal information of a user account, and the personal information comprises registration information, login information and token balance of a user;
the user record table is used for recording all the block chain accounts in the rear end of the block chain;
the personal file table is used for recording all information about the target file uploaded by the user;
the total file table is used for mapping and accessing the personal file table corresponding to the user address through the user address; wherein the total file table adopts a mapping data type.
6. The IPFS file management method based on the block chain as recited in claim 5, wherein the personal information further comprises an integration value, the integration value of the user account is managed by the front end of the web page according to a preset integration rule, and the preset integration rule is implemented by the front end of the web page by adopting the EtherFang ERC20 standard;
the preset integration rule is as follows:
after the users are successfully registered, each user obtains the integral value of X points, and judgment is carried out according to the target file conditions shared in the personal file tables of the users:
if one user shares the target file, the integral value of the user is increased by X1 points;
if one of the users cancels the sharing of the target file, the integral value of the user is reduced by X2 points;
if one of the users downloads the target file shared by other users, the integral value of the user downloading the target file is decreased by X3 points, and the integral value of the user downloading the target file is increased by X4 points; wherein X, X1, X2, X3 and X4 are positive integers, and X is respectively more than X1, X2, X3 and X4.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the block chain-based IPFS file management method further comprises the steps of:
and step S5, the front end of the webpage modifies the state variable of the integral value in the intelligent contract through the rear end of the block chain according to the preset integral rule.
8. The IPFS file management method based on the block chain as recited in claim 1, wherein the block chain is an EtherFang block chain, and the intelligent contract is written in Truffle framework; the IPFS is an IPFS cluster, the IPFS cluster performs unified management on all nodes in the IPFS cluster through an IPFS-cluster-service and an IPFS-cluster-ctl, wherein all the nodes comprise a management node and a common node, the management node is provided with the IPFS-cluster-ctl to serve as a management end, and the common node is provided with the IPFS-cluster-service to serve as a service end.
9. An IPFS file management apparatus, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to read a program in the memory and execute the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores a computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps in the method for blockchain-based IPFS file management according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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