CN113630239B - Information acquisition method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Information acquisition method, device, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN113630239B CN113630239B CN202010376353.7A CN202010376353A CN113630239B CN 113630239 B CN113630239 B CN 113630239B CN 202010376353 A CN202010376353 A CN 202010376353A CN 113630239 B CN113630239 B CN 113630239B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication
Abstract
The application discloses an information acquisition method, an information acquisition device, an information acquisition equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of network communication. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a quantum stream and a quantum bit stream; extracting a first quantum stream of a target quantum state from the quantum stream, and extracting a first quantum bit stream of a target quantum state from the quantum bit stream; decoding the first quantum stream according to preset quantum bits of the target quantum state to obtain second quantum bit stream; determining a target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state based on the matching degree of the first quantum bit shunt and the second quantum bit shunt; and acquiring corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit according to the determined target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state. According to the embodiment of the application, the acquisition efficiency of the secret key can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of network communication, and particularly relates to an information acquisition method, an information acquisition device, information acquisition equipment and a storage medium.
Background
With the development of communication technology, it is becoming increasingly important to ensure the security of communication data. In the field of applications where security is extremely demanding, quantum cryptography is often used to encrypt communication data. In quantum cryptography, the quantum bit of a quantum can be represented by the quantum state of the quantum, i.e., the polarization direction of the quantum. For example, a quantum state of a horizontal polarization state may represent a qubit [00], a quantum state of a vertical polarization state may represent a qubit [01], a quantum state of a 45 ° polarization state may represent a qubit [10], and a quantum state of a 135 ° polarization state may represent a qubit [11].
In order to securely transmit a key, a transmitting end generally converts key information into a quantum stream by using corresponding information of a quantum state and a quantum bit which are randomly selected, and then transmits the quantum stream and the clear information of the quantum bit recorded with a part of quanta in the quantum stream to a receiving end. Then, the receiving end can calculate the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit selected by the sending end by utilizing the quantum stream and the clear code information, and then extract the secret key from the quantum stream by utilizing the calculated corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit.
However, the existing calculation method of the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit has large calculation amount, so that the obtaining efficiency of the secret key is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an information acquisition method, an information acquisition device, information acquisition equipment and a storage medium, so as to reduce the calculated amount of corresponding information of quantum states and quantum bits and improve the acquisition efficiency of secret keys.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application is realized as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an information obtaining method, including:
receiving a quantum stream and a quantum bit stream;
extracting a first quantum stream of a target quantum state from the quantum stream, and extracting a first quantum bit stream of a target quantum state from the quantum bit stream;
decoding the first quantum stream according to preset quantum bits of the target quantum state to obtain second quantum bit stream;
determining a target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state based on the matching degree of the first quantum bit shunt and the second quantum bit shunt;
and acquiring corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit according to the determined target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an information acquisition apparatus, including:
the receiving module is used for receiving the quantum stream and the quantum bit stream;
the extraction module is used for extracting a first quantum stream of a target quantum state from the quantum stream and extracting a first quantum bit stream of the target quantum state from the quantum bit stream;
the decoding module is used for decoding the first quantum stream according to the preset quantum bit of the target quantum state to obtain a second quantum bit stream;
the determining module is used for determining a target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state based on the matching degree of the first quantum bit shunt and the second quantum bit shunt;
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit according to the determined target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an acquisition apparatus, including: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions;
the processor, when executing the computer program instructions, implements the information acquisition method as described in the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the information acquisition method according to the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the present application, the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit may be obtained based on the target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state, and since the target preset quantum bit is obtained based on the matching degree of the first quantum bit split and the second quantum bit split, the second quantum bit split is obtained by decoding the first quantum split of the target quantum state according to the preset quantum bit of the target quantum state, and the first quantum split only contains the quantum of the target quantum state and does not contain the quantum of other quantum states, when the target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state is determined, only the quantum bit in the first quantum split corresponding to the target quantum state is needed to be calculated, and the quantum bit in the quantum split corresponding to other target quantum states is not needed to be calculated, so the calculation amount when the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit is calculated is reduced, and the obtaining efficiency of the secret key may be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described, and it is possible for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings according to these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a scenario provided in one embodiment of the present application
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an information acquisition method according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of an information obtaining method according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an information acquisition apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an acquisition apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application are described in detail below to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, and to further describe the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely configured to explain the present application and are not configured to limit the present application. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present application by showing examples of the present application.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
As described in the background section, in order to securely transmit a key, a transmitting end generally converts key information into a quantum stream by using corresponding information of a quantum state and a quantum bit selected randomly, and then transmits the quantum stream and clear code information of the quantum bit recorded with a part of quanta in the quantum stream to a receiving end. Then, the receiving end can calculate the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit selected by the sending end by utilizing the received quantum stream and the plain code information, and then extract the secret key from the quantum stream by utilizing the calculated corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit.
In order to calculate the corresponding information of the quantum states and the quantum bits selected by the sending end, firstly, the receiving end needs to list all the arrangement modes of 4 quantum states and 4 quantum bits, and can list according to the arrangement and combination relationA plurality of arrangements, each of which represents corresponding information of one quantum state and quantum bit, so that 24 kinds of quantum states and quantum bits can be obtainedBit correspondence information. Then, the receiving end needs to decode the quantum corresponding to the plaintext information in the quantum stream by using the corresponding information of the 24 quantum states and the qubits in sequence to obtain decoded qubit information, namely 24 kinds of qubit information can be obtained, and then the 24 kinds of qubit information are respectively compared with the plaintext information to obtain the matching degree of each kind of qubit information. And finally, the receiving end takes the quantum state corresponding to the quantum bit information with the highest matching degree and the corresponding information of the quantum bit as the quantum state and the corresponding information of the quantum bit selected by the sending end.
The receiving end needs to decode the part of quanta corresponding to the plaintext information for 24 times, so that the time for acquiring the corresponding information of the quanta state and the quanta bit is longer, and the time for finally acquiring the secret key is also longer.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present application provide an information acquisition method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium. The information acquisition method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be first described below.
The main implementation body of the information acquisition method may be an acquisition device, which may be a receiving end in a QKD (Quantum Key Distribution ) system based on the BB84 protocol, and the QKD system may further include a transmitting end, where the receiving end and the transmitting end may be a single server, or a service cluster formed by multiple servers. As shown in fig. 1, in the QKD system 100, the receiving end 110 may receive the quantum stream and the plaintext information from the transmitting end 120, then calculate the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit selected by the transmitting end 120 by using the received quantum stream and plaintext information, and then the receiving end 110 may extract the secret key from the quantum stream by using the calculated corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit.
For convenience of description, the above-described acquisition apparatus is referred to below with a receiving terminal.
As shown in fig. 2, the information acquisition method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:
s210, receiving a quantum stream and a quantum bit stream.
S220, extracting a first quantum flow of a target quantum state from the quantum flow, and extracting a first quantum bit flow of the target quantum state from the quantum bit flow.
S230, decoding the first quantum stream according to the preset quantum bit of the target quantum state to obtain a second quantum bit stream.
S240, determining a target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state based on the matching degree of the first quantum bit shunt and the second quantum bit shunt.
S250, obtaining corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit according to the determined target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state.
The specific implementation of each of the above steps will be described in detail below.
In the embodiment of the present application, the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit may be obtained based on the target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state, because the target preset quantum bit is obtained based on the matching degree of the first quantum bit split and the second quantum bit split, and the second quantum bit split is obtained by decoding the first quantum split of the target quantum state according to the preset quantum bit of the target quantum state, and the first quantum split only contains the quantum of the target quantum state and does not contain the quantum of other quantum states, when the target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state is determined, only the quantum bit in the first quantum split corresponding to the target quantum state is needed to be calculated, and the quantum bit in the quantum split corresponding to other target quantum states is not needed to be calculated, so the calculation amount when the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit is calculated is reduced, and the obtaining efficiency of the secret key may be improved.
A specific implementation of each of the above steps is described below.
A specific implementation of S210 is first introduced.
In some embodiments, the quantum stream may be a stream including a plurality of quanta, and since each quantum in the quantum stream corresponds to a quantum state, and each quantum carries time information indicating a transmission sequence, the transmitting end may convert the key information into the quantum stream using the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit, and then transmit the key information to the receiving end by transmitting the quantum stream. The quantum bit stream may be clear information of a quantum bit in which a part of quanta in the quantum stream is recorded. The receiving end may receive the quantum stream and the quantum bit stream from the transmitting end.
The above is a specific implementation of S210, and a specific implementation of S220 is described below.
In some embodiments, the target quantum state may be any one of a quantum state of a horizontal polarization state, a quantum state of a vertical polarization state, a quantum state of a 45 ° polarization state, and a quantum state of a 135 ° polarization state. After receiving the quantum stream and the quantum bit stream, the receiving end can extract the first quantum stream of the target quantum state from the quantum stream and extract the first quantum bit stream of the target quantum state from the quantum bit stream.
Alternatively, the first quantum stream and the first quantum bit stream may be extracted through the corresponding information of the quantum bit stream and the quantum stream, and the specific processing of S220 may be as follows: extracting a target quantum stream corresponding to the quantum bit stream from the quantum stream according to the quantum bit stream and the corresponding information of the quantum stream; extracting quanta with a quantum state being a target quantum state in the target quantum flow to obtain a first quantum flow; and extracting a first quantum bit shunt of the target quantum state from the quantum bit stream according to the position of each quantum in the first quantum shunt in the target quantum stream.
In some embodiments, the sending end may further send information corresponding to the quantum bit stream and the quantum stream, where relevant information of which part of quanta in the quantum bit stream corresponds to the quantum bit stream may be recorded in the information corresponding to the quantum bit stream and the quantum stream. Because the quantum bit stream sent by the sending end is only the quantum bit of a part of quanta in the quantum stream, the sending end can inform the receiving end of which part of quanta in the quantum bit stream is specifically corresponding to the information of which part of quanta in the quantum stream by sending the corresponding information of the quantum bit stream and the quantum stream to the receiving end.
In this way, the receiving end can extract a part of quanta corresponding to the quantum bit stream from the quantum stream through the corresponding information of the quantum bit stream and the quantum stream, and the part of quanta can be called as a target quantum stream. Then, the receiving end can extract quanta with the quantum state in the target quantum stream as the target quantum state, and a first quantum stream is obtained. Then, the receiving end can extract the first quantum bit shunt of the target quantum state from the quantum bit stream according to the position of each quantum in the first quantum shunt in the target quantum stream.
For example, the following information may be recorded in the corresponding information of the quantum bit stream and the quantum stream: a quantum bit stream is a qubit of the first hundred quanta in the quantum stream. Thus, the target quantum stream is the first hundred quanta in the quantum stream. Assuming a quantum state in which the target quantum state is a horizontal polarization state, all the quanta in the target quantum stream in the horizontal polarization state can be extracted to obtain a first quantum stream. Since the positions of the respective quanta in the target quantum stream in the first quantum stream are known, the qubits corresponding to the respective quanta can be extracted from the quantum bit stream according to the positions of the respective quanta in the target quantum stream, thereby obtaining the first quantum bit stream. For example, if the quantum in the target quantum stream is a quantum with a multiple of 4 in the position of the first hundred quanta, all the qubits with a multiple of 4 in the position of the qubit stream can be extracted, so as to obtain a first qubit split.
Through the processing of the above embodiments, the first quantum shunt and the first quantum bit shunt may be obtained as a data basis for subsequently acquiring corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit.
The above is a specific implementation of S220, and a specific implementation of S230 is described below.
In some embodiments, after the first quantum stream and the first quantum bit stream are extracted by the receiving end, the first quantum stream may be decoded according to the preset quantum bit of the target quantum state, so as to obtain the quantum bit of each quantum in the first quantum stream, that is, the second quantum bit stream.
Specifically, the preset qubit may be a plurality of qubits, for example, the preset qubit may be any one of four qubits of [00], [01], [10], [11]. For example, assuming that the target quantum state is a quantum state of a horizontal polarization state, the preset quantum bit is [00], the quantum bit of the quantum state of the horizontal polarization state is [00]. Correspondingly, after decoding the first quantum stream according to the preset quantum bit of the target quantum state, the receiving end can obtain a plurality of second quantum bit streams. For example, the receiving end may decode the first quantum stream according to the preset quantum bit of the target quantum state being [00], to obtain the second quantum bit stream. Similarly, the receiving end can decode the first quantum branch according to the preset quantum bits [01], [10], [11] of the target quantum state to obtain the corresponding second quantum bit branch. Thus, the receiving end can obtain four second qubit branches.
The above is a specific implementation of S230, and a specific implementation of S240 is described below.
In some embodiments, the receiving end may calculate the matching degree of the first qubit split and the second qubit split after obtaining the second qubit split. And then, the receiving end can shunt the corresponding preset quantum bit of the second quantum bit with the highest matching degree to determine the final quantum bit of the target quantum state, namely the target preset quantum bit.
Alternatively, the target preset qubit of the target quantum state may be determined according to a preset condition, and correspondingly, the specific process of S240 may be as follows: obtaining the matching degree of each second quantum bit shunt and the first quantum bit shunt; and determining the preset quantum bit associated with the second quantum bit shunt with the matching degree meeting the preset condition as a target preset quantum bit.
In some embodiments, the receiving end may obtain four second qubit branches as mentioned above, so that the receiving end may calculate the matching degree of each second qubit branch and the first qubit branch. Then, the receiving end can compare whether each matching degree meets a preset condition, and then the receiving end can determine preset quantum bits associated with the matching degree meeting the preset condition as target preset quantum bits.
In some embodiments, the predetermined condition may be a match greater than a predetermined match, for example, a match greater than 90% may be considered to be satisfactory.
In some embodiments, if the number of second qubit branches with a matching degree greater than the preset matching degree is one, the receiving end may determine the preset qubit associated with the second qubit branch with the matching degree greater than the preset matching degree as the target preset qubit.
If the number of second quantum bit branches with the matching degree larger than the preset matching degree is multiple, the receiving end can determine the target preset quantum bit from preset quantum bits associated with the second quantum bit branches with the matching degree larger than the preset matching degree according to the matching degree distribution condition of the second target quantum state.
The above is a specific implementation of S240, and a specific implementation of S250 is described below.
In some embodiments, after determining the target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state, the receiving end may obtain the quantum bit of each quantum state according to the determined target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state, so as to obtain the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit.
Specifically, the receiving end can determine the target preset quantum bit of each target quantum state, so that after the quantum bits of the four quantum states are determined, the corresponding information of the quantum states and the quantum bits can be obtained.
For example, if the quantum bit of the quantum state of the horizontal polarization state is [00], the quantum bit of the quantum state of the vertical polarization state is [01], the quantum bit of the quantum state of the 45 ° polarization state is [10], and the quantum bit of the quantum state of the 135 ° polarization state is [11], the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit can be as shown in table one.
List one
| Quantum state | Horizontal polarization state | Vertical polarization state | 45 degree polarization state | 135 degree polarization state |
| Quantum bit | [00] | [11] | [01] | [10] |
Optionally, after obtaining the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit, the receiving end may further obtain a key from the quantum stream based on the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit.
In some embodiments, the receiving end may receive a key configuration parameter from the sending end that may record which quanta in the quantum stream carry key information. In this way, the receiving end can extract the quantum carrying the key information, namely the second quantum stream, from the quantum stream according to the pre-acquired key configuration parameters. Then, the receiving end can decode the second quantum stream based on the quantum state and the corresponding information of the quantum bit, so as to obtain a secret key.
For a better understanding of the information acquisition method provided in the foregoing embodiment, reference may be made to fig. 3, and fig. 3 shows an information acquisition flow chart, which specifically includes the following steps:
s310, the transmitting end transmits n quanta of information states to be confirmed to the receiving end through a quanta channel, and the quanta are cached.
In some embodiments, the quanta of n information states to be confirmed are quantum streams.
S320: the transmitting end transmits the clear information of m (m < < n) quantum bits to the receiving end through a common channel.
In some embodiments, the m qubits of plaintext information is a qubit stream. For convenience of description, the following description will be made with the m qubit plain information of [11], [01], [00], [10 ].
S330: the receiving end extracts quanta corresponding to the plain code information from the cache, and decodes the extracted quanta through corresponding information of quantum states and quantum bits in the 4 formulated special arrangements.
In some embodiments, the correspondence information of the quantum states and the qubits in the above proposed 4 special arrangements is a combination of the target quantum states and the preset qubits mentioned above. After decoding, the decoding result may be shown in table two, where the arrangements 1-4 respectively represent a decoding result, and states 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively represent a horizontal polarization state, a vertical polarization state, a 45 ° polarization state, and a 135 ° polarization state.
Watch II
| Quantum state | Horizontal polarization state | Vertical polarization state | 45 degree polarization state | 135 degree polarization state |
| Arrangement 1 | [00] | [01] | [10] | [11] |
| Arrangement 2 | [11] | [00] | [01] | [10] |
| Arrangement 3 | [10] | [11] | [00] | [01] |
| Arrangement 4 | [10] | [11] | [01] | [00] |
S340: and comparing the decoded qubit information with the plain code information sent by the sending end to obtain the matching degree of each qubit.
S350: and analyzing the correct quantum state and the corresponding information of the quantum bit.
In some embodiments, the arrangement with the highest matching degree in the 4 decoding results can be found for each qubit. The corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit is the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit in the corresponding arrangement. Then, according to the corresponding information of each quantum bit, the arrangement with the highest matching degree of all the quantum bits can be combined, namely the quantum state and the quantum bit corresponding information which are randomly selected when the transmitting end encrypts.
In some embodiments, where the m qubits of plaintext information are [11], [01], [00], [10], the corresponding information as in Table three may be derived.
Watch III
| Quantum state | Horizontal polarization state | Vertical polarization state | 45 degree polarization state | 135 degree polarization state |
| Quantum bit | [00] | [11] | [01] | [10] |
In some embodiments, the receiving end may decode the quantum containing the key information according to the obtained corresponding information, and extract the key information contained therein.
Through the processing of the embodiment, the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit can be rapidly analyzed, the efficiency of the receiving end for analyzing the quantum state and the corresponding information of the quantum bit randomly selected by the transmitting end during encryption is improved, the operation pressure of the receiving end is greatly reduced, and the information extraction efficiency is improved.
In addition, the information acquisition method provided by the embodiment of the application is simple and feasible, and can be realized by simply coding the receiving end of the QKD system. And the method is efficient, can reduce the repeated operation times of the QKD system, improves the operation efficiency and has high processing speed. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the same accuracy, the information acquisition efficiency is also improved.
Based on the information acquisition method provided by the embodiment, correspondingly, the application also provides a specific implementation mode of the information acquisition device. Please refer to the following examples.
Referring first to fig. 4, an information acquisition apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the following modules:
a receiving module 401 for receiving a quantum stream and a quantum bit stream;
an extraction module 402, configured to extract a first quantum stream of the target quantum state from the quantum stream, and extract a first quantum bit stream of the target quantum state from the quantum bit stream;
a decoding module 403, configured to decode the first quantum stream according to a preset quantum bit of the target quantum state, to obtain a second quantum bit stream;
a determining module 404, configured to determine a target preset qubit of the target quantum state based on a matching degree of the first qubit split and the second qubit split;
the first obtaining module 405 is configured to obtain corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit according to the determined target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state.
Through the cooperation processing of the modules, the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit can be obtained based on the target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state, and because the target preset quantum bit is obtained based on the matching degree of the first quantum bit shunt and the second quantum bit shunt, the second quantum bit shunt is obtained by decoding the first quantum shunt of the target quantum state according to the preset quantum bit of the target quantum state, and the first quantum shunt only contains the quantum of the target quantum state and does not contain the quantum of other quantum states, when the target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state is determined, only the quantum bit in the first quantum shunt corresponding to the target quantum state is needed to be calculated, and the quantum bit in the quantum shunt corresponding to other target quantum states is not needed to be calculated, so the calculation amount when the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit is calculated is reduced, and the secret key obtaining efficiency can be improved.
Optionally, to extract the first quantum stream and the first qubit stream, the receiving module 401 is further configured to:
receiving corresponding information of a quantum bit stream and a quantum stream;
correspondingly, the extracting module 402 is specifically configured to:
extracting a target quantum stream corresponding to the quantum bit stream from the quantum stream according to the quantum bit stream and the corresponding information of the quantum stream;
extracting quanta with a quantum state being a target quantum state in the target quantum flow to obtain a first quantum flow;
and extracting a first quantum bit shunt of the target quantum state from the quantum bit stream according to the position of each quantum in the first quantum shunt in the target quantum stream.
Optionally, the types of the preset qubits are multiple, and correspondingly, the number of the second qubit branches is multiple;
accordingly, the determining module 404 is specifically configured to:
obtaining the matching degree of each second quantum bit shunt and the first quantum bit shunt;
and determining the preset quantum bit associated with the second quantum bit shunt with the matching degree meeting the preset condition as a target preset quantum bit.
Optionally, the target preset qubit of the target quantum state may be determined according to a preset condition, and accordingly, the determining module 404 is further configured to:
and under the condition that the number of second quantum bit branches with the matching degree larger than the preset matching degree is one, determining the preset quantum bit associated with the second quantum bit branches with the matching degree larger than the preset matching degree as a target preset quantum bit.
Optionally, to obtain the key, the apparatus further includes:
and the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the secret key from the quantum stream based on the quantum state and the corresponding information of the quantum bit.
Optionally, the key may be acquired through a key configuration parameter, and the corresponding second acquiring module is specifically configured to:
extracting a second quantum stream from the quantum stream according to a key configuration parameter acquired in advance;
and decoding the second quantum stream based on the quantum state and the corresponding information of the quantum bit to obtain a secret key.
Each module in the information obtaining apparatus provided in fig. 4 has a function of implementing each step in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, and achieves the same technical effects as those of the information obtaining method shown in fig. 2, and for brevity description, a detailed description is omitted herein.
Fig. 5 is a schematic hardware structure of an obtaining device implementing various embodiments of the present application.
The acquisition device may include a processor 501 and a memory 502 storing computer program instructions.
In particular, the processor 501 may include a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more integrated circuits of embodiments of the present application.
Memory 502 may include mass storage for data or instructions. By way of example, and not limitation, memory 502 may comprise a Hard Disk Drive (HDD), floppy Disk Drive, flash memory, optical Disk, magneto-optical Disk, magnetic tape, or universal serial bus (Universal Serial Bus, USB) Drive, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing. Memory 502 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media, where appropriate. Memory 502 may be internal or external to the integrated gateway disaster recovery device, where appropriate. In a particular embodiment, the memory 502 is a non-volatile solid state memory. In a particular embodiment, the memory 502 includes Read Only Memory (ROM). The ROM may be mask programmed ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable PROM (EEPROM), electrically rewritable ROM (EAROM), or flash memory, or a combination of two or more of these, where appropriate.
The processor 501 implements any one of the information acquisition methods of the above embodiments by reading and executing computer program instructions stored in the memory 502.
In one example, the acquisition device may also include a communication interface 503 and a bus 510. As shown in fig. 5, the processor 501, the memory 502, and the communication interface 503 are connected to each other by a bus 510 and perform communication with each other.
The communication interface 503 is mainly used to implement communication between each module, apparatus, unit and/or device in the embodiments of the present application.
Bus 510 includes hardware, software, or both, coupling components of the acquisition device to each other. By way of example, and not limitation, the buses may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), a HyperTransport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an infiniband interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a micro channel architecture (MCa) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a video electronics standards association local (VLB) bus, or other suitable bus, or a combination of two or more of the above. Bus 510 may include one or more buses, where appropriate. Although embodiments of the present application describe and illustrate a particular bus, the present application contemplates any suitable bus or interconnect.
The acquiring device may perform the information acquiring method in the embodiment of the present application, thereby implementing the information acquiring method and apparatus described in connection with fig. 2 and fig. 4.
Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon; when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the processes of the above information acquisition method embodiments are implemented, and the same technical effects can be achieved, so that repetition is avoided, and a detailed description is omitted here.
It should be clear that the present application is not limited to the particular arrangements and processes described above and illustrated in the drawings. For the sake of brevity, a detailed description of known methods is omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method processes of the present application are not limited to the specific steps described and illustrated, and those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order between steps, after appreciating the spirit of the present application.
The functional blocks shown in the above-described structural block diagrams may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, it may be, for example, an electronic circuit, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), suitable firmware, a plug-in, a function card, or the like. When implemented in software, the elements of the present application are the programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segments may be stored in a machine readable medium or transmitted over transmission media or communication links by a data signal carried in a carrier wave. A "machine-readable medium" may include any medium that can store or transfer information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuitry, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio Frequency (RF) links, and the like. The code segments may be downloaded via computer networks such as the internet, intranets, etc.
It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. However, the present application is not limited to the order of the above-described steps, that is, the steps may be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, may be different from the order in the embodiments, or several steps may be performed simultaneously.
In the foregoing, only the specific embodiments of the present application are described, and it will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules and units described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein. It should be understood that the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, which are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. An information acquisition method, the method comprising:
receiving a quantum stream and a quantum bit stream;
extracting a first quantum stream of a target quantum state from the quantum stream, and extracting a first quantum bit stream of a target quantum state from the quantum bit stream;
decoding the first quantum stream according to preset quantum bits of the target quantum state to obtain second quantum bit stream;
determining a target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state based on the matching degree of the first quantum bit shunt and the second quantum bit shunt;
acquiring corresponding information of a quantum state and a quantum bit according to the determined target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state;
the method further comprises, prior to extracting the first quantum-bit-split of the target quantum state from the quantum-stream, extracting the first quantum-bit-split of the target quantum state from the quantum-bit-stream:
receiving corresponding information of the quantum bit stream and the quantum stream;
the extracting the first quantum stream of the target quantum state from the quantum stream and the extracting the first quantum bit stream of the target quantum state from the quantum bit stream comprises:
extracting a target quantum stream corresponding to the quantum bit stream from the quantum stream according to the quantum bit stream and the corresponding information of the quantum stream;
extracting quanta with the quantum state of the target quantum stream as the quantum state of the target quantum stream to obtain the first quantum stream;
extracting a first quantum bit shunt of a target quantum state from the quantum bit stream according to the position of each quantum in the first quantum shunt in the target quantum stream;
the types of the preset qubits are various, and correspondingly, the number of the second qubit branches is multiple;
the determining the target preset qubit of the target quantum state based on the matching degree of the first qubit shunt and the second qubit shunt includes:
obtaining the matching degree of each second quantum bit shunt and the first quantum bit shunt;
determining preset quantum bits associated with second quantum bit splitting with matching degree meeting preset conditions as target preset quantum bits;
the determining the preset qubit associated with the second qubit splitting corresponding to the matching degree meeting the preset condition as the target preset qubit includes:
under the condition that the number of second quantum bit branches with the matching degree larger than the preset matching degree is one, determining preset quantum bits associated with the second quantum bit branches with the matching degree larger than the preset matching degree as the target preset quantum bits;
under the condition that the number of second quantum bit branches with the matching degree larger than the preset matching degree is a plurality of, determining the target preset quantum bit from preset quantum bits associated with the second quantum bit branches with the matching degree larger than the preset matching degree according to the matching degree distribution condition of a second target quantum state;
after the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit is obtained, the method further comprises:
and acquiring a secret key from the quantum stream based on the quantum state and the corresponding information of the quantum bit.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining a key from the quantum stream based on the quantum state and corresponding information of the qubit comprises:
extracting a second quantum stream from the quantum stream according to a key configuration parameter acquired in advance;
and decoding the second quantum stream based on the corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit to obtain the secret key.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the target quantum state is a horizontal polarization state, a vertical polarization state, a 45 ° polarization state, or a 135 ° polarization state.
4. An information acquisition apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
the receiving module is used for receiving the quantum stream and the quantum bit stream;
the extraction module is used for extracting a first quantum stream of a target quantum state from the quantum stream and extracting a first quantum bit stream of the target quantum state from the quantum bit stream;
the decoding module is used for decoding the first quantum stream according to the preset quantum bit of the target quantum state to obtain a second quantum bit stream;
the determining module is used for determining a target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state based on the matching degree of the first quantum bit shunt and the second quantum bit shunt;
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring corresponding information of the quantum state and the quantum bit according to the determined target preset quantum bit of the target quantum state;
the receiving module is further configured to receive corresponding information of the quantum bit stream and the quantum stream;
the extraction module is specifically configured to:
extracting a target quantum stream corresponding to the quantum bit stream from the quantum stream according to the quantum bit stream and the corresponding information of the quantum stream;
extracting quanta with the quantum state of the target quantum stream as the quantum state of the target quantum stream to obtain the first quantum stream;
extracting a first quantum bit shunt of a target quantum state from the quantum bit stream according to the position of each quantum in the first quantum shunt in the target quantum stream;
the types of the preset qubits are various, and correspondingly, the number of the second qubit branches is multiple;
the determining module is specifically configured to:
obtaining the matching degree of each second quantum bit shunt and the first quantum bit shunt;
determining preset quantum bits associated with second quantum bit splitting with matching degree meeting preset conditions as target preset quantum bits;
the determining module is further configured to:
under the condition that the number of second quantum bit branches with the matching degree larger than the preset matching degree is one, determining preset quantum bits associated with the second quantum bit branches with the matching degree larger than the preset matching degree as the target preset quantum bits;
under the condition that the number of second quantum bit branches with the matching degree larger than the preset matching degree is a plurality of, determining the target preset quantum bit from preset quantum bits associated with the second quantum bit branches with the matching degree larger than the preset matching degree according to the matching degree distribution condition of a second target quantum state;
the apparatus further comprises:
and the second acquisition module is used for acquiring a secret key from the quantum stream based on the quantum state and the corresponding information of the quantum bit.
5. An acquisition device, the device comprising: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions;
the processor, when executing the computer program instructions, implements the information acquisition method according to any one of claims 1-3.
6. A computer storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the information acquisition method of any one of claims 1-3.
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