CN113556700A - Method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness - Google Patents

Method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness Download PDF

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CN113556700A
CN113556700A CN202110694951.3A CN202110694951A CN113556700A CN 113556700 A CN113556700 A CN 113556700A CN 202110694951 A CN202110694951 A CN 202110694951A CN 113556700 A CN113556700 A CN 113556700A
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relay selection
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CN113556700B (en
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芮贤义
李萍
柳翠
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Suzhou University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/33—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for indoor environments, e.g. buildings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/22—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/046—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness, which utilizes the centralized management characteristic of a PBSS network, a PCP/AP central node counts the information of the called times, the residual energy and the like of each relay in the network, calculates and generates a harmonic factor of each relay node, the more the called times are, the smaller the harmonic factor is, and adds the harmonic factor into an opportunistic relay selection algorithm. The method aims at the unfairness problem existing in the opportunistic relay selection algorithm: the optimal relay node of channel state is called all the time, the energy is consumed almost soon, the suboptimal or relatively poor relay node of channel state is not called all the time, the energy is wasted, it is proposed to add a blending factor in the opportunistic relay selection algorithm, the probability of being selected by the frequently called relay node is reduced, the probability of being selected by the less called relay node is improved, the suboptimal state of the channel state is selected, the relay node with sufficient energy participates in cooperative communication, so that the fairness of relay selection is improved, the unified management of the network is facilitated, and the service life of the network is prolonged.

Description

Method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness.
Background
With the advent of the 5G era, bandwidth-intensive applications such as the number of mobile users, ultra-high definition video, and augmented/virtual reality have increased at an unprecedented rate. The development of a large amount of equipment such as smart homes, 360-degree ultra-high definition video and audio, AI robots and the like is developed like bamboo shoots in spring after rain, the microwave frequency band is not enough to meet the requirements of current application, and the development of ultra-large bandwidth and ultra-high speed millimeter waves is urgently required. The 60GHz millimeter wave becomes a hot frequency band selected by indoor millimeter wave communication by virtue of the advantages of 7-9 GHz continuous license-free bandwidth, high data transmission rate of Gbps and the like.
However, the 60GHz millimeter wave has the characteristics of large propagation and penetration loss and poor diffraction capability, so that the 60GHz millimeter wave is only suitable for short-distance communication, and for Non-Line-of-Sight (Non-Line-of-Sight) signal transmission, the transmission is usually required to be forwarded by a relay node, the propagation distance is increased, and the problem of link interruption caused by obstruction of obstacles is solved.
Therefore, the method has important significance for the research of the 60GHz millimeter wave relay selection algorithm in the indoor environment that people frequently walk and are fully covered with tables and chairs.
Aiming at the problem of millimeter wave communication link interruption, many documents research a relay selection algorithm, and in consideration of the problem of communication delay caused by introduction of relay cooperation, a relay selection algorithm with minimum delay is provided, and the algorithm selects an idle node which enables the overall communication delay of a network to be minimum as a relay node, so that the communication delay of the whole network is favorably reduced, but analysis on transmission power is omitted, and the balance of network resource utilization is not considered. The literature provides a fast relay selection algorithm, which introduces a concept of primary selection of sectors, selects specific sectors as the primary selection of sectors according to the geographical positions of a transmitting end and a receiving end, and reduces the number of candidate relays, thereby reducing the time consumption brought by the candidate relay nodes for beamforming. The algorithm has certain requirements on the distribution of the relay nodes, if no relay nodes exist in some initially selected sectors or the number of relays is too small, the relay-free state can be called, so that communication interruption is caused, or a small number of candidate relays are called all the time, so that the load is too large. However, currently, research on an indoor millimeter wave relay selection algorithm rarely considers the fairness of relay selection, and unbalanced utilization of relay resources easily causes energy of frequently called relay nodes to be quickly consumed, so that the network life is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above problem, the present invention provides a method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness. The method counts the number of times that each relay node is called, designs a harmonic factor to be added into an opportunistic relay selection calculation expression, and selects the relay node with suboptimal channel state and sufficient energy to participate in AF cooperative communication, so that the fairness of indoor millimeter wave relay selection is improved, and the service life of a network is prolonged.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness, the method comprising the steps of:
counting the information of each relay in the network based on the PCP/AP central node to generate the information of the harmonic factors of each relay node,
and add the reconciliation factor to the opportunistic relay selection algorithm,
and selecting the relay nodes with suboptimal channel state and sufficient energy to participate in cooperative communication. Therefore, relay nodes with suboptimal channel states and sufficient energy are selected to participate in AF cooperative communication, fairness of indoor millimeter wave relay selection is improved, and service life of a network is prolonged.
A method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness, the method comprising the steps of:
after the network runs for a preset number of times, introducing a harmonic factor, and performing relay selection as follows:
s1, a direct transmission link between a sending end and a receiving end is interrupted, the sending end sends a relay selection request frame to a central node PCP/AP,
s2, the central node PCP/AP receives and responds to the information of the request frame to generate a candidate relay list which is provided with N candidate relays,
s3, the central node PCP/AP respectively sends relay request response frames to a source node and a destination node, the response frames carry candidate relay list information and are respectively allocated with N time slots SP,
s4, each candidate relay sequentially carries out beam forming training with the source node and the target node to obtain an optimal communication beam, N candidate relays respectively record channel state information between the source node and the relay node and channel state information between the relay node and the target node and report the channel state information to a PBSS network central node PCP/AP,
s5, the central node PCP/AP performs relay selection according to the collected channel state information, counts the called times of each relay node, performs relay judgment arbitration by using a relay selection algorithm added with a harmonic factor, and performs relay selection:
a. if the total relay calling times of the current network are less than M times, the central node PCP/AP calculates the channel capacity of each relay link according to the channel state information, selects the relay node with the maximum channel capacity,
b. if the total relay call times of the current network are more than or equal to M times, the central node PCP/AP calculates each relay harmonic coefficient, introduces the harmonic coefficient in the calculation of the channel capacity, selects the relay node with the maximum calculation result,
and S6, after each relay selection, the central node PCP/AP updates the called information of each relay node in real time. According to the method, the called times of each relay node are counted, a harmonic factor is designed and added into an opportunistic relay selection calculation expression, so that the relay nodes with suboptimal channel state and sufficient energy are selected to participate in AF cooperative communication, fairness of indoor millimeter wave relay selection is improved, and the service life of a network is prolonged. The network lifetime is: setting a relay node RiInitial state energy of
Figure BDA0003127711130000041
The residual energy before signal transmission is
Figure BDA0003127711130000042
(r represents the remaining energy), assuming that each transmission time interval is T and the transmission power is PW, the consumed energy at the mth signal transmission can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003127711130000043
after the mth information transmission is completed, the remaining energy of the relay is:
Figure BDA0003127711130000044
the network lifetime LT is expressed as:
Figure BDA0003127711130000045
preferably, the step S2 further includes: and the central node PCP/AP receives the request frame and generates a candidate relay list according to at least one piece of stored information of relay capacity, geographical position and equipment ID of each relay node, or information of relay nodes blocked by other equipment in the network between a sending end and a relay or between the relay and a receiving end, or information that the sum of distances between the sending end and the receiving end exceeds a certain threshold value.
Preferably, the model of the relay system includes:
an information sending end, an information receiving end, a central node PCP/AP and N candidate relay nodes,
when the direct transmission link of the sending end and the receiving end is shielded by the barrier, the central node PCP/AP selects N candidate relays according to the geographical position of each device and/or the device capability set information in the PBSS network.
Preferably, in step S5, the maximum channel capacity relay selection adopts an AF cooperative relay method, and the relay selection expression is:
Figure BDA0003127711130000051
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003127711130000052
SNRsrrepresenting the signal-to-noise ratio, p, between the source node S and the relay node RsIs the transmission power, SNR, of the source noderdRepresenting the signal-to-noise ratio, p, between the relay node R and the destination node DrTo transmit power of the relay node, w is the channel bandwidth. SNRsdRepresenting the signal-to-noise ratio between the source node S and the destination node D.
Preferably, in step S5, the blending factor is:
Figure BDA0003127711130000053
wherein ,fkDenotes the reconciliation factor, n, of the kth relay nodekThe number of times that the kth relay node is called, and the index m is used for adjusting the amplitude of the harmonic factor.
Preferably, in step S5, the relay selection expression added with the reconciliation factor is:
Figure BDA0003127711130000054
preferably, the relay selection expression is:
Figure BDA0003127711130000055
wherein ,ciIndicating the current instantaneous channel capacity of the ith relay,
Figure BDA0003127711130000056
indicating the average channel capacity of the ith relay.
Preferably, in the method, the relay selection expression added with the reconciliation factor is as follows:
Figure BDA0003127711130000057
preferably, in the method, the performance index parameter selects a network lifetime and a fairness factor,
the fairness coefficient is expressed as:
Figure BDA0003127711130000061
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003127711130000062
for the standard deviation of the number of times each relay node is invoked,
Figure BDA0003127711130000063
n denotes the number of relay candidates, NiIndicates the number of times of the ith relay being called in total, niAnd counting and recording by the PCP/AP center, and updating immediately.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the scheme in the prior art, the implementation method provided by the application has the advantages that:
according to the method for improving the fairness of indoor millimeter wave relay selection, in an indoor millimeter wave relay selection algorithm, the fairness of relay selection is considered, a PCP/AP center node counts the number of times that each relay is called, a harmonic factor with low calculation complexity is calculated and generated, the harmonic factor is added into an opportunistic relay selection algorithm, the probability that the frequently called relay nodes are selected is reduced, the rarely called relay nodes are improved, channel state suboptimum is selected accordingly, the relay nodes with sufficient energy participate in AF cooperative communication, the fairness of indoor millimeter wave relay selection is improved, the Service life of a network is prolonged, and the management of a PBSS (personal Basic Service set) network is facilitated.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the specification, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise:
fig. 1 is a model diagram of a relay system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a PBSS network topology diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 3 and fig. 3a are model diagrams of a relay selection algorithm in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the average channel capacity of the method and the maximum channel capacity relay selection algorithm and the proportional fair relay selection algorithm according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a comparison of the method of the present invention versus network lifetime for a maximum channel capacity relay selection algorithm and a proportional fair relay selection algorithm.
Fig. 6 is a comparison of the method of the present invention and fairness coefficients compared to a maximum channel capacity relay selection algorithm and a proportional fair relay selection algorithm.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions proposed in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments in the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from one or more of the embodiments described herein without making any inventive step are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
Example (b):
the application provides a relay selection method for improving relay selection fairness, aiming at the problem of unfairness in relay calling in a short-distance indoor millimeter wave opportunity relay selection algorithm.
In one embodiment of the method:
in an enterprise compartment application scene, one pair of communication equipment carries out high-capacity uncompressed video transmission, the two communication equipment are shielded by a barrier, a direct transmission link does not exist, and a PCP/AP central node is required to select relay equipment for the PCP/AP central node to participate in cooperation. According to the method, the IEEE 802.11ad selects the relay node with the largest channel capacity to participate in cooperation, the harmonic factor is calculated and generated according to the called times of the PCP/AP central node, the harmonic factor is multiplied by the channel capacity expression, and the relay node with the largest calculation result is selected to participate in cooperative communication. The relay nodes with suboptimal channel state and sufficient energy are selected to participate in communication, so that the relay selection fairness is effectively improved, the service life of the network is prolonged, and the unified management of the PBSS network is facilitated. In this embodiment, the second best channel state is the best channel state, and participates in communication when the second best channel state satisfies a preset condition.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a model diagram of a relay system,
the direct transmission link between the sending end and the receiving end is shielded by a barrier, and the PCP/AP center selects a relay node for the direct transmission link to participate in cooperative communication according to a certain relay selection criterion (relay link a), so that the problem of communication link interruption is solved.
As shown in fig. 2, a wireless network topology diagram of the present application, a PCP/AP is a PBSS network central node, manages and controls the joining and leaving of network devices, counts information such as geographical positions, remaining energy, and called times of each relay device in a network, and selects a relay device for an NLOS communication link. In the application, a single relay is selected to participate in cooperative communication.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic relay selection process in the embodiment of the present application:
the direct transmission link between the sending end and the receiving end is interrupted, the sending end sends a relay selection request frame to the central node PCP/AP,
the central node PCP/AP receives and responds to the information of the request frame to generate a candidate relay list which is provided with N candidate relays,
the central node PCP/AP respectively sends relay request response frames to the source node and the destination node, the response frames carry candidate relay list information and are respectively allocated with N time slots SP,
each candidate relay carries out beam forming training with a source node and a destination node in sequence to obtain an optimal communication beam, N candidate relays respectively record channel state information between the source node and the relay node and channel state information between the relay node and the destination node and report the channel state information to a PBSS network central node PCP/AP,
the central node PCP/AP performs relay selection according to the collected channel state information,
after each relay selection, the central node PCP/AP updates the called information of each relay node in real time.
The method described above is developed in detail below with reference to figure 3a,
in the network initialization stage, the energy of each relay node in the network is equivalent, and no harmonic factor needs to be introduced, the relay selection is performed by taking the maximum channel capacity as a criterion, the harmonic factor is introduced after the network is operated for M times, and the relay selection process is as follows:
s1, a direct transmission link between a sending end and a receiving end is interrupted, and the sending end sends a relay selection request frame to a central node PCP/AP.
And S2, the PCP/AP central node rejects the relay nodes which are higher than a certain threshold value in the sum of the distances from the transmitting end and the receiving end or are blocked by other equipment in the network from the transmitting end to the relay or from the relay to the receiving end according to the stored information of the relay capacity, the geographical position, the equipment ID and the like of each relay node, generates a candidate relay list and is provided with N candidate relays.
And S3, the PCP/AP central node respectively sends relay request response frames to the source node and the destination node, carries candidate relay list information and respectively allocates N time slots SP.
S4, each candidate relay sequentially carries out beam forming training with the source node and the target node to find out the optimal communication beam, and N candidate relays respectively record channel state information between the source node and the relay node and channel state information between the relay node and the target node and report the channel state information to the PCP/AP of the PBSS network center node.
And S5, the PCP/AP central node performs relay selection according to the collected channel state information, counts the called times of each relay node, and performs relay judgment arbitration by using a relay selection algorithm added with a harmonic factor:
a. and if the total relay call times of the current network are less than M times, the PCP/AP central node calculates the channel capacity of each relay link according to the channel state information and selects the relay node with the maximum channel capacity.
b. And if the total relay call times of the current network are more than or equal to M times, the PCP/AP central node calculates each relay harmonic coefficient, introduces the harmonic coefficient in the calculation of the channel capacity, and selects the relay node with the largest calculation result.
And S6, after each relay selection, the PCP/AP central node updates the called condition of each relay node in real time.
The method for improving the indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness provided by the application is preferably applied by adding a harmonic factor into a relay selection algorithm of indoor millimeter wave high-speed communication, and the main content of the method comprises the following steps:
maximum channel capacity relay selection calculation model in IEEE 802.11 ad:
Figure BDA0003127711130000101
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003127711130000102
representing the signal-to-noise ratio, p, between the source node S and the relay node RsIs the transmit power of the source node;
Figure BDA0003127711130000103
is the signal-to-noise ratio, p, between the relay node R and the destination node DrIs the transmission power of the relay node, w is the channel bandwidth, and the 60GHz millimeter wave channel bandwidth is 2.16 GHz. CAFIndicating the channel capacity obtained in the AF forwarding mode. d is the destination node. The noise at each node is independent of each other, the mean value is 0, and the unilateral power spectral density is N0White additive gaussian noise. The adopted channel response model is an IEEE 802.11ad channel model, the IEEE 802.11ad channel impulse response model belongs to a clustering arrival model, and the expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0003127711130000104
Figure BDA0003127711130000111
A(i)＝g(i)λ/(4π(d+R))
where h is the channel ensembleIn the response to the impact of (a) to (b),
Figure BDA0003127711130000112
θtx,
Figure BDA0003127711130000113
θrxis the respective azimuth and elevation angles, A, of the transmitter and receiver(i)Is the gain coefficient vector of the ith cluster signal, C(i)Is the impulse response vector of the ith cluster signal, δ is the Dikela function, T(i)，
Figure BDA0003127711130000114
The time of arrival of the ith cluster signal, the direction angle and the pitch angle of the cluster transmitting end and the receiving end are respectively. Alpha is alpha(i,k)Is the signal gain, τ, of the ith cluster, kth beam(i,k)，
Figure BDA0003127711130000115
Is the arrival time of the ith cluster of kth beam signals, the direction angle and the pitch angle of the beam transmitting end and the beam receiving end. g(i)Is the reflection coefficient, λ is the wavelength (5mm), d is the line-of-sight path distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end, and R is the difference between the non-line-of-sight path length and the line-of-sight path length.
If the polarization characteristic is considered, the channel impulse response is no longer a scalar quantity, but a 2 × 2 channel matrix, describing the channel transmission characteristic between two orthogonal electric field vectors E at the transmitting end and the receiving end. The channel impulse response considering the polarization characteristics is as follows
Figure BDA0003127711130000116
Aiming at the problem of unfair relay selection existing in a maximum channel capacity relay selection algorithm, the method utilizes the characteristic of a PBSS network centralized network, a PCP/AP central node counts the called times and the residual energy information of each relay, and calculates and generates a harmonic factor:
Figure BDA0003127711130000121
fkdenotes the reconciliation factor, n, of the kth relay nodekThe number of times of calling the kth relay node reflects the energy use condition of the relay node, and the larger the number of times of calling the kth relay node is, the more the energy consumption is. The index m is used for adjusting the amplitude of the harmonic factor, and the value m is properly adjusted according to the actual application requirement to achieve the balance of the channel capacity and the fairness. The relay selection expression for adding the reconciliation factor is as follows:
Figure BDA0003127711130000122
the embodiment introduces a proportional fair selection based algorithm, and the criteria are as follows: has smaller average channel capacity and participates in cooperation under certain large instantaneous channel capacity
Figure BDA0003127711130000123
ciIndicating the current instantaneous channel capacity of the ith relay,
Figure BDA0003127711130000124
the proportional fair relay selection expression representing the ith relay average channel capacity is as follows:
Figure BDA0003127711130000125
and (3) establishing a simulation scene and setting simulation parameters for the three relay selection algorithms:
the simulation scene selects a 60GHz millimeter wave typical application scene: in an enterprise compartment, a pair of communication devices is arranged in the compartment for high-capacity uncompressed video transmission, and a direct transmission link of a sending end and a receiving end is shielded by a barrier, so that a relay node needs to be selected by a PCP/AP central node, and the problem of link interruption is solved. The PCP/AP central node is installed on the ceiling, 1-10 relay nodes are randomly arranged on the ceiling, and each time information is transmitted, the PCP/AP is required to select one relay node to participate in cooperative communication.
As shown in table 1, for the simulation parameter settings,
scene 25 x 3m business compartment
Channel bandwidth 2.16GHz
Noise power -80.9897dBm
Transmission power 10dBm
Initialization energy of each relay 200-1000J
Number of times of simulation 5000
Number of relays 1-10
TABLE 1
The application adopts fairness coefficient, channel capacity and network life as performance index parameters:
the fairness Coefficient uses a Coefficient of Variation (coeffient of Variation) as the fairness Coefficient to reflect the fairness of relay selection. The coefficient of variation has no dimension and reflects the degree of dispersion of the data, and generally, the smaller the coefficient of variation, the smaller the degree of dispersion, and the higher the average level of the variable value. The fairness coefficient is defined as follows:
Figure BDA0003127711130000131
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003127711130000132
for the standard deviation of the number of times each relay node is invoked,
Figure BDA0003127711130000133
n denotes the number of relay candidates, NiIndicates the number of times of the ith relay being called in total, niAnd counting and recording by the PCP/AP center, and updating immediately.
The network life is the sum of the time of each relay node transmitting signals in the system when a certain relay energy is used up. Setting a relay node RiInitial state energy of
Figure BDA0003127711130000134
The residual energy before signal transmission is
Figure BDA0003127711130000135
Figure BDA0003127711130000136
(r represents the remaining energy), assuming that each transmission time interval is T and the transmission power is PW, the consumed energy at the mth signal transmission can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003127711130000141
after the mth information transmission is completed, the remaining energy of the relay is:
Figure BDA0003127711130000142
the network lifetime LT is expressed as:
Figure BDA0003127711130000143
fig. 4 shows the average channel capacity versus the number of candidate relays in an office-stall scenario. In the longitudinal direction, the average channel capacity obtained by the relay selection algorithm added with the harmonic factors and the proportional fair relay selection algorithm is slightly reduced compared with the maximum channel capacity relay selection algorithm, and when the index M of the relay selection algorithm of the harmonic factors is 2, the reduced channel capacity is maximum.
Fig. 5 shows simulation results of the relationship between the network lifetime and the initial energy by using three relay selection algorithms in an office partition scene. In the longitudinal direction, the network life obtained by adopting the relay selection algorithm added with the harmonic factors is obviously prolonged, and particularly when the harmonic index is set to be 2, the obtained network life is the highest.
Fig. 6 shows the fairness factor versus the number of candidate relays under 3 different algorithms. The maximum channel capacity relay selection algorithm has the largest coefficient of variation, the least fairness, proportional fairness and the fairness of the relay selection algorithm added with the harmonic factor (M is 2/3/4) which are obviously improved. The smaller the harmonic index is, the more remarkable the effect of improving the fairness is.
The above proves that the method for improving the indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness provided by the application can obviously improve the fairness of relay calling and prolong the service life of a network under the condition of sacrificing a small amount of acceptable channel capacity.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present application. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness, the method comprising the steps of:
counting the information of each relay in the network based on the PCP/AP central node to generate the information of the harmonic factors of each relay node,
and add the reconciliation factor to the opportunistic relay selection algorithm,
and selecting the relay nodes with suboptimal channel state and sufficient energy to participate in cooperative communication.
2. The method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness of claim 1,
after the network runs for a preset number of times, introducing a harmonic factor, and performing a relay selection algorithm according to the following steps:
s1, a direct transmission link between a sending end and a receiving end is interrupted, the sending end sends a relay selection request frame to a central node PCP/AP,
s2, the central node PCP/AP receives and responds to the information of the request frame to generate a candidate relay list which is provided with N candidate relays,
s3, the central node PCP/AP respectively sends relay request response frames to a source node and a destination node, the response frames carry candidate relay list information and are respectively allocated with N time slots SP,
s4, each candidate relay sequentially carries out beam forming training with the source node and the target node to obtain an optimal communication beam, N candidate relays respectively record channel state information between the source node and the relay node and channel state information between the relay node and the target node and report the channel state information to a PBSS network central node PCP/AP,
s5, the central node PCP/AP performs relay selection according to the collected channel state information, counts the called times of each relay node, performs relay judgment arbitration by using a relay selection algorithm added with a harmonic factor, and performs relay selection:
a. if the total relay calling times of the current network are less than M times, the central node PCP/AP calculates the channel capacity of each relay link according to the channel state information, selects the relay node with the maximum channel capacity,
b. if the total relay call times of the current network are more than or equal to M times, the central node PCP/AP calculates each relay harmonic coefficient, introduces the harmonic coefficient in the calculation of the channel capacity, selects the relay node with the maximum calculation result,
and S6, after each relay selection, the central node PCP/AP updates the called information of each relay node in real time.
3. The method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness of claim 2,
step S2 further includes: and the central node PCP/AP receives the request frame and generates a candidate relay list according to at least one piece of stored information of relay capacity, geographical position and equipment ID of each relay node, or information of relay nodes blocked by other equipment in the network between a sending end and a relay or between the relay and a receiving end, or information that the sum of distances between the sending end and the receiving end exceeds a certain threshold value.
4. The method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness of claim 2, wherein the model of the relay system comprises:
an information sending end, an information receiving end, a central node PCP/AP and N candidate relay nodes,
when the direct transmission link of the sending end and the receiving end is shielded by the barrier, the central node PCP/AP selects N candidate relays according to the geographical position of each device and/or the device capability set information in the PBSS network.
5. The method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness of claim 2,
in step S5, the maximum channel capacity relay selection adopts an AF cooperative relay method, and the relay selection expression is:
k＝arg maxi∈1,…,N(CAF(s,r,d))
wherein ,
Figure FDA0003127711120000031
SNRsrrepresenting the signal-to-noise ratio, SNR, between the source node S and the relay node RrdRepresenting the signal-to-noise ratio between the relay node R and the destination node D, w is the channel bandwidth, CAFIndicating the channel capacity obtained in the AF forwarding mode.
6. The method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness of claim 5,
Figure FDA0003127711120000032
psis the transmit power of the source node;
Figure FDA0003127711120000033
pris the transmit power of the relay node, N0Is additive white gaussian noise.
7. The method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness of claim 2,
in step S5, the blending factor is:
Figure FDA0003127711120000034
wherein ,fkDenotes the reconciliation factor, n, of the kth relay nodekThe number of times that the kth relay node is called, and the index m is used for adjusting the amplitude of the harmonic factor.
8. The method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness according to any one of claims 5-7,
in step S5, the relay selection expression added with the reconciliation factor is:
Figure FDA0003127711120000041
9. the method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness of claim 2,
the expression for relay selection is:
Figure FDA0003127711120000042
wherein ,ciIndicating the current instantaneous channel capacity of the ith relay,
Figure FDA0003127711120000043
indicating the average channel capacity of the ith relay.
10. The method for improving indoor millimeter wave relay selection fairness of claim 1, wherein the relay selection fairness is reflected based on a fairness coefficient CV,
the fairness coefficient CV expression is:
Figure FDA0003127711120000044
wherein ,
Figure FDA0003127711120000045
for the standard deviation of the number of times each relay node is invoked,
Figure FDA0003127711120000046
n denotes the number of relay candidates, NiIndicates the number of times of the ith relay being called in total, niAnd (5) counting and recording by a PCP/AP center.
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Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090296626A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Nokia Corporation Method, apparatus and computer program for relay selection

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090296626A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Nokia Corporation Method, apparatus and computer program for relay selection

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