CN113504168A - Quantitative acid liquid slug combined selection method for carbonate rock - Google Patents
Quantitative acid liquid slug combined selection method for carbonate rock Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/27—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures by use of eroding chemicals, e.g. acids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
- G01N23/046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
Abstract
The application discloses a quantitative acid liquid slug combination selection method for carbonate rocks, which can achieve the purposes of reducing the use amount of acid liquid and reducing the cost of the acid liquid by quantitatively evaluating the synergistic effect of different acid liquid slug combinations and preferably selecting the acid liquid slug combination, and provides a theoretical basis for selection of a carbonate rock acid liquid system and optimization of acid technological parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to but is not limited to the field of oil and gas field development, in particular but not limited to a quantitative carbonate slug combination preferred experimental method.
Background
Acidification is one of the most effective production increasing measures for the reformation of carbonate oil and gas reservoirs. The key of the acidification modification is that after the acid treatment, acid wormholes are formed in reservoir rock, so that the shaft can be effectively communicated, and the reservoir permeability is improved. In recent years, various retarded acid systems for realizing deep treatment by controlling filtration loss and delaying acid rock reaction speed are gradually developed and perfected at home and abroad. The acid liquor systems such as emulsified acid, gelled acid, cross-linked acid, diverting acid, chelating acid and the like have excellent retarding performance and wide application. The emulsified acid system emulsifies the hydrochloric acid in the oil phase, reducing the rate of diffusion of the acid to the carbonate surface. Gelled acid, cross-linked acid and diverting acid utilize high viscosity to reduce the rate of transfer of hydrogen ions to the rock wall. The chelating agent in the chelating acid has the ability to complex metal ions by encapsulating them in one or more ring structures, thereby dissolving calcium and magnesium ions in the carbonate rock, and the reaction speed is extremely slow. Different types of acid systems have various characteristics, and the selection of the acid system needs to be comprehensively considered.
The selection of the acid system is crucial to the acidification effect, and in the prior art, the performance of the acid system is mainly evaluated by performing a core flow experiment aiming at a single acid system. At present, no literature report exists on the research on different types of acid liquid slug combinations. The characteristics of different acid liquid systems are combined to carry out slug combination, the optimal slug combination mode can be explored, the synergistic effect of different acid liquid systems is utilized to achieve the purposes of cost reduction and efficiency improvement of carbonate reservoir reconstruction, and theoretical basis is provided for selection of a carbonate acidizing acid liquid system and optimization of acidizing process parameters.
Disclosure of Invention
The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
The application provides a quantitative carbonate rock acid liquid slug combination optimization experimental method. Through a core flow experiment and CT scanning, the optimal slug combination of different types of acid liquid systems is explored, and a theoretical basis is provided for selection of a carbonate acidizing acid liquid system and optimization of acidizing process parameters.
The application provides an acid liquor slug combination selection method for carbonate rock, which comprises the following steps:
1) determining an acid liquid system possibly used in the acid liquid slug combination, respectively performing core flow tests on different acid liquid systems, and determining the breakthrough volume of each acid liquid system under different discharge capacities;
2) quantitatively characterizing the wormholes of the acid-etched rock core, and selecting the injection speed with the minimum breakthrough volume as the optimal injection speed of a corresponding acid system;
3) combining slugs of different acid liquid systems, wherein the slugs are combined into two slugs, the first slug is selected from a first acid liquid system, and the second slug is selected from a second acid liquid system different from the first acid liquid system;
calculating the average value of the optimal injection speeds of the two acid systems according to the optimal injection speed determined in the step 2) of each acid system, and injecting the average value into the minimum breakthrough volume PV of the first acid systemA″The half of the rock core is subjected to acid etching, and then the wormhole of the rock core subjected to acid etching is subjected to quantitative characterization; and then the minimum of the second acid system is calculated according to the average valueBreakthrough volume PVB″The half of the rock core is subjected to acid etching, and then the wormhole of the rock core subjected to acid etching is subjected to quantitative characterization; or the like, or, alternatively,
injecting half of the minimum breakthrough volume of a first acid system at the optimal injection speed of the first acid, and then quantitatively characterizing the wormholes of the acid-etched rock cores; injecting half of the minimum breakthrough volume of a second acid system at the optimal injection speed of the second acid, and then quantitatively characterizing the wormholes of the acid-etched rock cores;
half of the minimum breakthrough volume of the first acid system was designated as PVA″The half of the second acid system mentioned for minimal breakthrough is designated as PVB″；
The first breakthrough volume of the acid was recorded as PVA′And the breakthrough volume of the second acid solution is recorded as PVB′(ii) a 4) Calculating the synergistic effect delta of the slug combinations of different acid liquid systems, wherein the larger the value of delta, the better the synergistic effect of the acid liquid;
in one embodiment provided herein, the breakthrough volume is: when the acid liquor filtrate flows out of the core flow instrument, and the pressure difference between the inlet end and the outlet end of the core flow instrument is 0-0.1 MPa, recording the volume V of the acid liquor used at the momentAcid(ii) a Calculating, namely calculating the breakthrough volume PV of the acid liquid,
wherein, VPThe core pore volume.
In one embodiment provided herein, the core flow test is performed under pressure, keeping the gases generated during the reaction dissolved in the fluid.
In one embodiment provided herein, the experimental parameters of the core flow test include one or more of formation temperature, injection volume, injection pressure, simulated displacement, shut-in reaction time; the test parameters and the actual underground parameters faced by the acid liquid slug combination for the carbonate rock have the same injection parameters or have a difference of not more than 5%.
In one embodiment provided by the application, the pressure measurement precision is 0.01MPa, the volume measurement precision is 0.1ml, the flow rate measurement is 0.01ml/min, and a rock sample adopts a 1-inch standard rock core and can contain artificial or natural cracks.
In one embodiment provided herein, the core used is taken from a simulated core of the same mineral composition or from a reservoir of interest.
In one embodiment provided by the present application, the quantitative characterization of wormholes of the acid-etched cores in step 2) includes one or more of size, core pore volume, and core porosity.
In one embodiment provided herein, the first acid system and the second acid system in step 3) are separated without a gap therebetween, or separated by a section of non-reacted kerosene;
optionally, the injection amount of the non-reaction kerosene is 4VPTo 6VP。
In one embodiment provided herein, the carbonate rock refers to sedimentary rock composed of authigenic carbonate minerals such as calcite and dolomite, the acid solution refers to retarded acid for acidification of carbonate rock, and the slug combination refers to the acid solution subjected to slug combination.
The invention defines an experiment method for optimizing the acid liquid slug combination of the carbonate rock, can realize the purposes of reducing the using amount of acid liquid and reducing the cost of the acid liquid by quantitatively evaluating the synergistic effect of different acid liquid slug combinations and optimizing the acid liquid slug combination, and provides a theoretical basis for the selection of an acid liquid system for the acidification of the carbonate rock and the optimization of acidification process parameters.
The method provided by the application comprises the steps of firstly carrying out a core flow experiment on a single acid liquid system, and measuring the breakthrough volume and the optimal injection speed of the acid liquid; performing CT scanning on the acid-etched rock core, and performing quantitative characterization on the earthworm hole form; then selecting two different acid liquid systems (A and B) for carrying out slug combination, injecting half of the breakthrough volume of the acid liquid A at the optimal injection speed, recording the breakthrough volume of the combined slug acid liquid B, and observing the synergistic effect; and carrying out CT scanning on the acid-etched rock core, carrying out quantitative characterization on the earthworm hole form, and comprehensively evaluating the combined effect of the acidizing slug. And calculating the synergistic effect of the combination of the slugs of different acid liquid systems, namely determining the synergistic effect of different acid liquid systems according to the proportion of the volume of the acid liquid saved by the combination of the slugs of the acid liquid system to the theoretical breakthrough volume. The method provided by the invention is simple in thought and strong in operability. Compared with a single acid system evaluation experiment, an additional matching device is not needed, and the whole experiment process cost is close to that of a conventional evaluation method.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. Other advantages of the present application may be realized and attained by the invention in its aspects as described in the specification.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide an understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the examples serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 shows the breakthrough volume of acid system A at different injection rates;
FIG. 2 is a CT (computed tomography) scanning image of a rock core after an acid etching experiment of an acid system A;
FIG. 3 is a CT scan image of cores after erosion of slug A and slug B.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
In the embodiment of the invention, a Hardgrove alloy core acidizing flow experimental instrument of Jiangsu TuoChuang scientific research instrument Limited is adopted in the core flow experiment;
in an embodiment of the present invention, core scanning was performed using a carl zeiss (shanghai) management ltd micrometer CT scanner zeissvarsaxrm 500.
Example 1
1. Core sample and acid liquor preparation
Cutting the core of the target carbonate rock into a plurality of standard core samples with the specification of 25.4mm (diameter) 60mm (length); three different types of retarded acid systems A, B, C were formulated.
System a is an emulsified acid, oil phase: acid phase 3:7, oil phase: 93% diesel oil + 7% emulsifier, acid phase: 21.4% HCL + 2% corrosion inhibitor + 1% iron stabilizer;
the diesel oil is-10 # industrial diesel oil;
the emulsifier is WD-31 emulsifier which is purchased from Youth Ministry and safety to obtain petroleum science and technology development company;
HCL is 31% industrial hydrochloric acid and is purchased from Tianjin development area spanning industry and trade company, Inc.;
the corrosion inhibitor is a Mannich base quaternary ammonium salt corrosion inhibitor (high-temperature acidification corrosion inhibitor) which is purchased from Tianjin torch force polymerization petroleum engineering technology Limited company;
the iron stabilizer is citric acid, and is purchased from Tianjin development area and spans industry and trade company Limited.
The system B is cross-linking acid, 15% HCL, 1% thickening agent, 1% cross-linking agent, 2% corrosion inhibitor, 1% iron stabilizer, 1% cleanup additive and 1% demulsifier;
HCL is 31% industrial hydrochloric acid and is purchased from Tianjin development area spanning industry and trade company, Inc.;
the thickening agent is a PA-CDA thickening agent which is purchased from Tianjin Zhonghai oil chemical Co., Ltd;
the cross-linking agent is PA-CDB cross-linking agent which is purchased from Tianjin Zhonghai oil chemical Co., Ltd;
the corrosion inhibitor is a Mannich base quaternary ammonium salt corrosion inhibitor (high-temperature acidification corrosion inhibitor) which is purchased from Tianjin torch force polymerization petroleum engineering technology Limited company;
the iron stabilizer is citric acid and is purchased from Tianjin development area spanning industry and trade company Limited;
the discharge assistant agent is fluorocarbon surfactant (C)8F17SO2NHC3H7NR2(O)), purchased from tianjin development area spanning traded industries, ltd;
the demulsifier is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (C)15H24O(C2H4O)n) From Tianjin development area spanning traded Industrial and trade Co.
The system C is chelating acid, 15% of chelating agent, 1% of corrosion inhibitor, 1% of cleanup additive and 1% of demulsifier;
the chelating agent is tetrasodium glutamate diacetate purchased from Tianjin development area spanning industry and trade limited company;
the corrosion inhibitor is a Mannich base quaternary ammonium salt corrosion inhibitor (high-temperature acidification corrosion inhibitor) which is purchased from Tianjin torch force polymerization petroleum engineering technology Limited company;
the discharge assistant agent is fluorocarbon surfactant (C)8F17SO2NHC3H7NR2(O)), purchased from tianjin development area spanning traded industries, ltd;
the demulsifier is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (C)15H24O(C2H4O)n) From Tianjin development area spanning traded Industrial and trade Co.
2. Determination of pore volume of core sample
Placing a rock core of PCT international application I in a Soxhlet extractor, treating the rock core in an organic solvent for 48 hours at a constant temperature (90 ℃), and washing away oil and salt; secondly, putting the rock core into a drying box to be dried for 8 hours; thirdly, weighing m after core drying1Measuring the size; fourthly, measuring the porosity of the gas logging core by using a porosity measuring instrument; using a core flowing device to pressurize and saturate the core with 2% saline for 24h, wherein the density of the saline is rho, taking out the core after saturation and weighing m2The core flow test is carried out under pressure, gas generated in the reaction process is kept dissolved in fluid, and the pore volume V of the core is calculatedP：
3. Determination of breakthrough volumes for different acid systems
A displacement mode: a constant current mode; temperature setting: 95 ℃; thirdly, setting pressure: set the confining pressure higher thanThe back pressure is 2MPa and 7MPa (keeping the gas generated in the acid rock reaction process dissolved in the fluid); setting flow: 0.25mL/min, 0.5mL/min, 1mL/min, 2 mL/min; simulating an acid liquor flowing experiment: under the constant temperature state, the configured acid liquor is squeezed into the rock core from the positive end of the rock core holder by using a Hastelloy acid liquor flow meter device, timing is started when the filtrate flows out of the rock core, the pressure condition is observed until the pressure difference between the inlet end and the outlet end is lower than 0.1MPa, and the volume V of the used acid liquor is recordedAcidAnd calculating the breakthrough volume PV of the acid solution. Attached with
Table 1 shows the breakthrough volume for three acid systems at different injection rates.
4. Determining the optimal injection speed of acid system
And recording the corresponding acid liquid injection speed when the breakthrough volume of the acid liquid system is minimum as the optimal acid liquid injection speed. And carrying out CT scanning on the acid-etched rock core, and recording the number and the form of main earthworm holes and branch earthworm holes. Fig. 1 is an acid solution breakthrough volume of an acid solution system A at different injection speeds, and fig. 2 is a CT (computed tomography) scanning image of a rock core after an acid etching experiment of the acid solution system A. From the attached figures 1 and 2, the optimal injection speed of the acid liquid system A is about 1 mL/min.
5. Combining different acid systems by slugs
Selecting two different acid liquid systems for slug combination (A and B, B, C, A and C), injecting a slug A with half of the breakthrough volume at the optimal injection speed of the A system, carrying out CT scanning on the acid-etched rock core, and carrying out quantitative characterization on the wormhole form; injecting the slug B at the optimal injection speed of the system B, and recording the breakthrough volume of the slug B; and carrying out CT scanning on the acid-etched rock core, and carrying out quantitative characterization on the earthworm hole form. FIG. 3 is CT scan image of rock core after acid etching of acid liquid slug A and B.
If the implant rates are not very different, an average of the two optimal implant rates is used for example.
6. Calculating the combined synergistic effect delta of slugs of different acid liquid systems
7. And sequencing the synergistic effect, and selecting the section plug combination with the maximum synergistic effect as the optimal combination. The calculation results are shown in Table 2. The data show that the synergistic effect of the a + B slug combination is as high as about 50%, which is the best acid slug combination of A, B, C in two-by-two combinations of three acids.
According to the method provided by the invention, the synergistic effect of different acid liquid slug combinations is quantitatively evaluated, and the acid liquid slug combination is preferably selected, so that the aims of reducing the acid liquid using amount and the acid liquid cost can be fulfilled, and a theoretical basis is provided for the selection of a carbonate rock acidification acid liquid system and the optimization of acidification process parameters.
Table 1 breakthrough volumes for three acid systems at different injection rates
TABLE 2 slug combination synergy calculation
Although the embodiments disclosed in the present application are described above, the descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A quantitative acid liquid slug combined selection method for carbonate rocks comprises the following steps:
1) determining an acid liquid system possibly used in the acid liquid slug combination, respectively performing core flow tests on different acid liquid systems, and determining the breakthrough volume of each acid liquid system under different discharge capacities;
2) quantitatively characterizing the wormholes of the acid-etched rock core, and selecting the injection speed with the minimum breakthrough volume as the optimal injection speed of a corresponding acid system;
3) combining slugs of different acid liquid systems, wherein the slugs are combined into two slugs, the first slug is selected from a first acid liquid system, and the second slug is selected from a second acid liquid system different from the first acid liquid system;
calculating the average value of the optimal injection speeds of the two acid systems according to the optimal injection speed of each acid system determined in the step 2), injecting half of the minimum breakthrough volume of the first acid system according to the average value, and then quantitatively representing the wormholes of the acid-etched rock core; injecting half of the minimum breakthrough volume of a second acid system according to the average value, and then quantitatively characterizing the wormholes of the acid-etched rock cores; or the like, or, alternatively,
injecting half of the minimum breakthrough volume of a first acid system at the optimal injection speed of the first acid, and then quantitatively characterizing the wormholes of the acid-etched rock cores; injecting half of the minimum breakthrough volume of a second acid system at the optimal injection speed of the second acid, and then quantitatively characterizing the wormholes of the acid-etched rock cores;
half of the minimum breakthrough volume of the first acid system was designated as PVA″And half of the minimum breakthrough volume of the second acid system is designated as PVB″；
The first breakthrough volume of the acid was recorded as PVA′And the breakthrough volume of the second acid solution is recorded as PVB′；
4) Calculating the synergistic effect delta of the slug combinations of different acid liquid systems, wherein the larger the value of delta, the better the synergistic effect of the acid liquid;
2. the method of claim 1, wherein the breakthrough volume is: when the acid liquor filtrate flows out of the core flow instrument, and the pressure difference between the inlet end and the outlet end of the core flow instrument is 0-0.1 MPa, recording the volume V of the acid liquor used at the momentAcid(ii) a Calculating, namely calculating the breakthrough volume PV of the acid liquid,
wherein, VPThe core pore volume.
3. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the core flow test is performed under pressure to keep gases produced during the reaction dissolved in the fluid.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the experimental parameters of the core flow test include one or more of formation temperature, injection volume, injection pressure, simulated displacement, shut-in reaction time; the test parameters and the actual underground parameters faced by the acid liquid slug combination for the carbonate rock have the same injection parameters or have a difference of not more than 5%.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pressure is measured with an accuracy of 0.01MPa, the volume is measured with an accuracy of 0.1ml, the flow rate is measured with an accuracy of 0.01ml/min, and the rock sample is a 1-inch standard core and can contain artificial or natural fractures.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the core employed is taken from a reservoir of interest or a mock core of the same mineral composition.
7. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the quantitative characterization of wormholes of the acid-etched core in step 2) comprises one or more of size, core pore volume, core porosity.
8. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first acid system and the second acid system in step 3) are separated without a gap therebetween, or by a length of non-reacted kerosene;
optionally, the injection amount of the non-reaction kerosene is 4VPTo 6VP。
9. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the carbonate rock is a sedimentary rock consisting of authigenic carbonate minerals.
10. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the authigenic carbonate mineral includes one or more of calcite and dolomite.
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| CA2744767C (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2020-10-20 | Imperial Oil Resources Limited | Dual mobilizing agents in basal planar gravity drainage |
| CN102559168A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Acid-sensitive variable-viscosity mixed surfactant |
| CN103792334B (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-10-01 | 西南石油大学 | Method for predicting width of fracture-vug type carbonate rock acid etching wormhole |
| CN105156081B (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2018-05-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of carbonate rock heavy crude reservoir is acidified simulation evaluation method |
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Application publication date: 20211015 |