CN113497471B

CN113497471B - DC power supply

Info

Publication number: CN113497471B
Application number: CN202010386527.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何明明; 陈小勇
Original assignee: Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
Current assignee: Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-18
Filing date: 2020-05-09
Publication date: 2023-12-08
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-09
Also published as: CN216928756U; CN113497473B; WO2021185307A1; CN217589271U; CN113497473A; CN215580414U; CN113497471A

Abstract

The invention relates to a direct current power supply for supplying power to an electric tool, comprising: the energy storage module is used for nominal full charge voltage as a first preset voltage; an electronic device interface for receiving an external power input; the charging circuit is connected with the electronic equipment interface, converts a power supply input by the electronic equipment interface into a power supply suitable for charging the energy storage module, and charges the energy storage module; and when the charging circuit judges that the energy storage module is full and stops charging, the capacity received by the energy storage module reaches more than 80% of the nominal capacity of the energy storage module.

Description

DC power supply

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a dc power supply, and more particularly, to a dc power supply for an electric tool.

Background

The dc power supply for electric tools already existing in the market is usually charged only by a charger for electric tools. The charger is characterized in that the voltage output to the direct current power supply is higher than the full charge voltage of the direct current power supply. Such a requirement results in that the dc power supply for the electric tool cannot be charged with the household electronic device charger, because generally, the output voltage of the electronic device charger is lower than the full charge voltage of the dc power supply for the electric tool, resulting in that the dc power supply cannot be full.

In addition, with the wide application of dc devices, the demand for battery packs is more varied. For example, in the field of power tools, the operating voltages required for different power tools are different, resulting in battery packs requiring different voltages. The required operating current is different for power tools of the same operating voltage, resulting in the need for battery packs of different capacities. The battery pack interface structure of different power tools is different, resulting in battery packs requiring different tool interfaces. Meanwhile, in different direct current equipment fields, such as the field of electric tools and the field of household appliances, the requirements on the form of the battery pack are different due to the difference in the appearance of the equipment. In addition, the battery packs commonly found on the market are complete products designed at the time of shipment, and once any one of the battery cells in the battery module is damaged, the whole battery pack is discarded.

The above problems are that, in short, the requirements of different direct current devices on the battery packs are different, and the compatibility of the conventional battery packs is insufficient, so that the conventional battery packs cannot be borrowed from each other, and resource waste is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a DC device for an electric tool, which can fully charge a DC power supply by using a lower charging voltage even if the charging voltage of the output of an external electronic device charger is lower than the full charging voltage of the DC device.

A dc power supply for powering a power tool, the dc power supply comprising: the energy storage module is used for nominal full charge voltage as a first preset voltage; an electronic device interface for receiving an external power input; the charging circuit is connected with the electronic equipment interface, converts a power supply input by the electronic equipment interface into a power supply suitable for charging the energy storage module, and charges the energy storage module; and when the charging circuit judges that the energy storage module is full and stops charging, the capacity received by the energy storage module reaches more than 80% of the nominal capacity of the energy storage module.

Optionally, the charging circuit includes a boost circuit, and the boost circuit boosts a power supply input by the electronic device interface to the first preset voltage.

Optionally, the charging circuit includes main control module and first branch road and the second branch road that charges that connects in parallel each other, first branch road that charges will the power of electronic equipment interface input is direct to be output for energy storage module, the second branch road that charges will the power of electronic equipment interface input is output for energy storage module after boost circuit boost, main control module detects DC power supply's charge state, according to charge state control first charging circuit and second charging circuit alternative switch on.

Optionally, when the charging current is greater than a preset value, the main control module controls the first charging branch to be conducted, and when the charging current is not greater than the preset value, the main control module controls the second charging branch to be conducted.

Optionally, the boost circuit is implemented by a dedicated charging chip, and the charging current output by the dedicated charging chip is smaller than the ratio of the capacity of the dc power supply to the hour.

Optionally, the direct current power supply is a battery pack, and the battery pack is detachably connected with the electric tool to supply power for the electric tool.

Optionally, the battery pack includes an adapter and a battery module, and the battery module is detachably matched with the adapter.

Optionally, the direct current power supply is a battery module forming a battery pack, the battery pack is detachably connected with the electric tool to supply power for the electric tool, and the battery module comprises a shell and a battery cell group accommodated in the shell.

Optionally, the electronic device interface is disposed on the battery module.

Optionally, the electronic device interface is a USB TYPE-C interface, an input voltage of the USB TYPE-C interface is 20V, and the first preset voltage is between 20V and 21V.

The present invention also provides an adapter comprising: a tool power supply terminal set detachably engaged with the electric tool; the adapter first power terminal group is detachably connected with the first battery module in a matching mode and provides electric energy of the first battery module for the electric tool; the adapter second power supply terminal group is arranged in parallel with the adapter first power supply terminal group, and is detachably connected with the second battery module in a matching way to supply the electric energy of the second battery module to the electric tool; the adapter also comprises a first switch assembly, a second switch assembly and a main control module; the first switch assembly is arranged between the first power supply terminal group of the adapter and the power supply terminal group of the tool, and the second switch assembly is arranged between the second power supply terminal group of the adapter and the power supply terminal group of the tool; the main control module obtains a voltage difference value between the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module, and when the voltage difference value is smaller than a preset voltage value, the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly are controlled to be closed.

Optionally, the main control module obtains the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module, and obtains the voltage difference according to the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module.

Optionally, the adapter includes an adapter first signal terminal group and an adapter second signal terminal group, receives the state information of the first battery module and the second battery module respectively, and the main control module obtains the voltage values of the first battery module and the second battery module according to the state information obtained by the adapter first signal terminal group and the adapter second signal terminal group.

Optionally, the main control module controls the first switch assembly to be closed and the second switch assembly to be opened, the voltage value of the first battery module is obtained through the first power supply terminal group of the adapter, the main control module controls the first switch assembly to be opened and the second switch assembly to be closed, and the voltage value of the second battery module is obtained through the second power supply terminal group of the adapter.

Optionally, the main control module obtains the voltage difference between two ends of the first switch component and the voltage difference between two ends of the second switch component, and obtains the voltage difference between the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module according to the voltage difference between two ends of the first switch component and the voltage difference between two ends of the second switch component.

Optionally, when the master control module determines that the voltage difference exceeds a preset voltage value and the voltage of the first battery module is higher than the voltage of the second battery module, the first switch assembly is controlled to be turned on, and the second switch assembly is controlled to be turned off.

Optionally, the main control module judges that the voltage difference exceeds a preset voltage value, and when the voltage of the first battery module is higher than that of the second battery module, the first switch assembly is controlled to be closed, and the second switch assembly is controlled to be intermittently closed.

Optionally, the first switch component includes two P-MOS transistors, and the two transistors are connected in series.

Optionally, the adapter still include with the instrument signal terminal group that electric tool can dismantle the connection, set up the power on self-locking circuit between main control module and adapter first power supply terminal group and adapter second power supply terminal group, the power on self-locking circuit includes off-state and closed state, under the off-state, main control module is in the power down state and gets into sleep mode, under the closed state, main control module is in the power on state and starts work, when electric tool's start switch closed, instrument signal terminal group received the trigger signal, power on self-locking circuit switches to closed state by the off-state.

Optionally, when the main control module judges that the second power supply terminal set of the adapter is not connected to the second battery module, the first switch assembly is controlled to be closed, and the second switch assembly is controlled to be opened.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides a battery pack, which comprises a first battery module, a second battery module and any one of the adapters, wherein the first battery module is detachably arranged on the adapter and comprises a first battery module power supply terminal group connected with a first power supply terminal group of the adapter; and the second battery module is detachably arranged on the adapter and comprises a second battery module power supply terminal group connected with the adapter second power supply terminal group.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides an electric tool which comprises a motor, a starting switch and a battery pack for supplying power to the motor, wherein the battery pack is used for acquiring the electric energy of the battery pack and starting the work when the starting switch is closed as described above.

The adapter, the battery pack and the electric tool have the advantages that when the control circuit in the adapter enables the plurality of battery modules to be discharged in parallel, the potential safety hazards caused by mutual charging due to voltage difference can be avoided. Meanwhile, the control circuit in the adapter can automatically enter a low-power consumption state when the adapter does not need to work, so that excessive consumption of electric energy of the battery module is avoided.

The present invention also provides another adapter, comprising: the tool power supply terminal group is detachably matched with the electric tool; the adapter comprises an adapter first power terminal group and an adapter first signal terminal group, a first battery module is detachably connected in a matching mode, electric energy of the first battery module is provided for the electric tool, and the first battery module comprises a first charging power module which receives external charging energy to charge the first battery module; the adapter second power supply terminal group and the adapter second signal terminal group are detachably connected with a second battery module in a matching mode, electric energy of the second battery module is supplied to the electric tool, and the second battery module comprises a second charging power supply module for receiving external charging energy to charge the second battery module; the adapter also comprises a switch component and a main control module; the adapter first power supply terminal group and the adapter second power supply terminal group are connected in parallel through the switch component; when one of the first charging power supply module and the second charging power supply module receives external charging energy input, the adapter first signal terminal group or the adapter second signal terminal group receives a trigger signal from the first battery module or the second battery module, and the main control module controls the switch assembly to be closed.

Optionally, before the main control module controls the switch assembly to be closed, acquiring the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module, judging whether the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module meet preset conditions, and controlling the switch assembly to be closed when the judgment result is yes; and when the judgment result is negative, controlling the switch assembly to be disconnected.

Optionally, when the main control module determines that the trigger signal is from the first battery module signal terminal group, the preset condition is whether the voltage of the first battery module is not lower than the voltage of the second battery module, and when the main control module determines that the start signal is from the second battery module signal terminal group, the preset condition is whether the voltage of the second battery module is not lower than the voltage of the first battery module.

Optionally, the switch assembly includes a first switch assembly and a second switch assembly, the first switch assembly is disposed between the adapter first power terminal set and the tool power terminal set, the second switch assembly is disposed between the adapter first power terminal set and the tool power terminal set, and the adapter first power terminal set and the adapter second power terminal set are connected in parallel via the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly.

Optionally, the main control module controls the first switch assembly to be closed and the second switch assembly to be opened, the voltage value of the first battery module is obtained through the first battery module power terminal group, the main control module controls the first switch assembly to be opened and the second switch assembly to be closed, and the voltage value of the second battery module is obtained through the second battery module power terminal group.

Optionally, when the main control module judges that the trigger signal comes from the first battery module signal terminal group and the main control module judges that the second battery module is full according to the signal transmitted by the second battery module signal terminal, the switch component is controlled to be turned off; when the main control module judges that the trigger signal comes from the second battery module signal terminal group and the main control module judges that the first battery module is full according to the signal transmitted by the first battery module signal terminal, the switch assembly is controlled to be disconnected.

Optionally, the adapter further includes a power-on self-locking circuit disposed between the adapter first power terminal group and the adapter second power terminal group and the main control module, where the power-on self-locking circuit is in an off state when not receiving a trigger signal of the adapter first signal terminal group or the adapter second signal terminal group, the main control module is in a power-off state and enters a sleep mode, and the power-on self-locking circuit is in a closed state when receiving a trigger signal of the adapter first signal terminal group or the adapter second signal terminal group, and the main control module is in a power-on state and starts working.

Optionally, when the main control module determines that the trigger signal is from the first battery module and the second battery module is not connected, the power-on self-locking module is controlled to be switched from a closed state to an open state.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides a battery pack, which comprises a first battery module, a second battery module and the adapter as claimed in any one of the above, wherein the first battery module is detachably arranged on the adapter and comprises a first battery module power supply terminal group connected with the first power supply terminal group of the adapter, a first battery module signal terminal group connected with the first signal terminal group of the adapter and a first charging power supply module for receiving external charging energy to charge the first battery module; the second battery module is detachably arranged on the adapter and comprises a second battery module power supply terminal group connected with the adapter second power supply terminal group, a second battery module signal terminal group connected with the adapter second signal terminal group and a second charging power supply module for receiving external charging energy to charge the second battery module.

Optionally, the first battery module further includes a first battery module charging management module connected with the first charging power module, where the first battery module charging management module monitors a state of the first battery module and controls a charging process of the first charging power module to the first battery module; the second battery module further comprises a second battery module charging management module connected with the second charging power supply module, and the second battery module charging management module monitors the state of the second battery module and controls the charging process of the second charging power supply module to the second battery module.

Optionally, the first charging power module and the second charging power module include a USB TYPE C energy transmission protocol, receive a power input of an external USB TYPE C interface, and convert the power input into energy suitable for charging the battery module.

Optionally, the first charging power module and the second charging power module include a wireless charging receiving module, and receive energy sent by an external wireless charging transmitting module and convert the energy into energy suitable for charging the battery module.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides an electric tool, which comprises a motor, a starting switch and a battery pack for supplying power to the motor, wherein the battery pack is used for acquiring electric energy of the battery pack when the starting switch is closed and starting work.

The adapter, the battery pack and the electric tool have the advantages that when any one of the plurality of battery modules is connected with a charging power supply, the charging power supply can charge all the battery modules connected with the adapter by the control circuit in the adapter. Meanwhile, the control circuit in the adapter can automatically enter a low-power consumption state when the adapter does not need to work, so that excessive consumption of electric energy of the battery module is avoided.

The present invention also provides a third adapter detachably connected to an electric tool and detachably connected to the battery module, for supplying electric power of the battery module to the electric tool, the adapter comprising: the adapter power supply terminal group and the adapter signal terminal group are detachably connected with the battery module; the tool power supply terminal group and the tool signal terminal group are detachably connected with the electric tool; the main control module consumes the electric energy of the battery module to start work; the power-on self-locking circuit is arranged between the main control module and the adapter power supply terminal group and can be selectively in an open state or a closed state, when the power-on self-locking circuit is in the open state, the main control module is in a power-down state and enters a sleep mode, and when the power-on self-locking circuit is in the closed state, the main control module is in the power-on state and starts to work.

Optionally, when the tool signal terminal receives a trigger signal for closing a start switch of the electric tool, the power-on self-locking circuit is switched from an open state to a closed state.

Optionally, the battery module further includes a charging power module that receives external charging energy and charges the battery module, when the charging power module receives external charging energy input, the battery module signal terminal group outputs a trigger signal to the adapter signal terminal group, and when the adapter signal terminal group receives the trigger signal, the power-on self-locking circuit is switched from an open state to a closed state.

Optionally, the adapter power supply terminal group includes parallel connection's adapter first power supply terminal group and adapter second power supply terminal group, the adapter signal terminal group includes adapter first signal terminal group and adapter second signal terminal group, when the main control module judges the trigger signal comes from the adapter signal terminal group and the second battery module does not insert the adapter, control power on auto-lock circuit switches to the open state by closed state.

Correspondingly, the invention further provides a battery pack, which comprises a battery module and the adapter, wherein the battery module comprises a plurality of power cells, a battery module power terminal group for outputting electric energy outwards and a battery module signal terminal group for outputting electric signals outwards, the battery module power terminal group is connected with the adapter power terminal group in a matching way, and the battery module signal terminal group is connected with the adapter signal terminal group in a matching way.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides an electric tool which comprises a starting switch, a motor and a battery pack for supplying power to the motor, wherein when the starting switch is closed, the motor acquires the electric energy of the battery pack and starts working.

The adapter, the battery pack and the electric tool have the advantages that the control circuit in the adapter automatically enters a low-power consumption state when the adapter does not need to work, and the excessive consumption of electric energy of the battery module is avoided.

The present invention also provides a battery module detachably engaged with an adapter through which electric power is supplied to an electric tool, the battery module comprising: the shell comprises six surfaces, and at least one surface is rectangular; the battery cell group is accommodated in the shell, and the battery cells are connected in series and/or in parallel; the battery module positive terminal is connected with the battery cell group positive electrode; the battery module negative terminal is connected with the battery cell group negative electrode; and the control module is used for blocking the electric energy output of the battery cell group when the positive terminal of the battery module is in short circuit with the negative terminal of the battery module.

Optionally, the control module includes a switching circuit connected in series between the positive terminal of the battery module and the positive electrode of the battery cell group, or connected in series between the negative terminal of the battery module and the negative electrode of the battery cell group.

Optionally, the switch circuit is a fuse.

Optionally, the switch circuit is a P-MOS switch transistor, the battery module interface further includes a battery module signal terminal, the battery module signal terminal is connected with the signal terminal of the adapter, a gate G of the P-MOS transistor is connected with the battery module signal terminal, a source S is connected with one of the positive electrode of the battery cell set or the negative electrode of the battery cell set, and a drain D is connected with one of the positive electrode terminal of the battery module or the negative electrode terminal of the battery cell set.

The battery module provided by the invention can exist and be transported independently, and no danger is generated.

The invention also provides another battery module, which comprises: the shell comprises six surfaces, and at least one surface is rectangular; the battery cell group is accommodated in the shell, and the battery cells are connected in series and/or in parallel; the battery module interface is detachably matched with an adapter, and provides electric energy for the electric tool or receives electric energy of an electric tool charger to charge the battery cell group through the adapter; the electronic equipment interface is used for selectively providing electric energy for external electronic equipment or receiving electric energy input of an external power supply to charge the battery cell group, and is an USB Type-c interface; the control module monitors the state of the battery cell group and controls the discharging process of the battery cell group to the electronic equipment through the electronic equipment interface or the charging process of the external power supply to the battery cell group.

Optionally, the battery module includes a wireless charging receiving module, and the wireless charging receiving module receives energy sent by the external wireless charging transmitting module and charges the battery module.

Optionally, the control module controls a discharging process of the battery cell group to the electric tool through the battery module interface or a charging process of the electric tool charger to the battery cell group.

The battery module provided by the invention can charge the charging power supply when the charging power supply is connected, and can supply power to the power consumption equipment when the power consumption equipment is connected.

The present invention also provides an adapter comprising: an adapter interface detachably matched with the battery module to receive the electric energy of the battery module; the tool interface is detachably matched with the electric tool or the electric tool charger, and is used for providing the received electric energy for the electric tool or receiving the electric energy of the electric tool charger to charge the battery module; the adapter includes at least one of the following three components: the device comprises an electronic equipment interface, a wireless charging receiving module and a control circuit; the electronic device interface has at least one of three functions: powering an electronic device connected thereto; receiving external power input to charge a battery module connected with the external power input; exchanging data with external electronic equipment; the wireless charging receiving module can receive energy sent by an external wireless charging transmitting module and charge the battery module; the control circuit has at least one of the following functions: monitoring state information of the battery module and sending out monitoring results; monitoring state information of a battery module and controlling a process of charging the battery module through the electronic equipment interface; monitoring state information of a battery module and controlling a process of discharging the battery module through the electronic equipment interface; monitoring state information of a battery module and controlling a process of charging the battery module through the tool interface; and monitoring state information of the battery module and controlling the discharging process of the battery module through the tool interface.

Optionally, the electronic device interface is a USB TYPE-C interface.

The present invention also provides a battery pack including: an adapter comprising a tool interface and an adapter interface, the tool interface removably mated with the power tool, providing power received from the adapter interface to the power tool; the battery module is detachably arranged on the adapter and comprises a battery module interface, and the battery module interface is detachably connected with the adapter interface to provide electric energy for the adapter interface; and the USB type-c interface is used for receiving input of an external power supply and charging the battery pack.

Optionally, the USB type-c interface is disposed on the adapter. Optionally, the USB type-c interface is disposed on the battery module.

Optionally, the USB type-c interface is selectively connected to an external electronic device, and supplies power to the electronic device.

Optionally, the battery pack further includes a wireless charging receiving module, and the wireless charging receiving module receives energy sent by the external wireless charging transmitting module to charge the battery module.

The present invention also provides a battery pack system including: an adapter comprising a tool interface and an adapter interface, the tool interface removably mated with the power tool, providing power received from the adapter interface to the power tool; the first battery module is detachably arranged on the adapter and comprises a first battery module interface, the first battery module interface is detachably connected with the adapter interface, and the first battery module provides electric energy for the adapter interface through the first battery module interface; the second battery module is detachably arranged on the adapter and comprises a second battery module interface, the second battery module interface is detachably connected with the adapter interface, the second battery module provides electric energy for the adapter interface through the second battery module interface, and the number of electric cores contained in the second battery module is different from that contained in the first battery module; the adapter is selectively coupled with one of the first battery module and the second battery module.

Optionally, the voltage of the first battery module is the same as the voltage of the second battery module, and the capacity of the first battery module is different from the capacity of the second battery module.

The present invention also provides another battery pack system including: an adapter comprising a first adapter and a second adapter; the first adapter includes a first tool interface that removably mates with the power tool and a first adapter interface that provides power received from the first adapter interface to the power tool; the second adapter includes a second tool interface that removably mates with the power tool and a second adapter interface that provides power received from the second adapter interface to the power tool; the battery module comprises a first battery module and a second battery module; the first battery module is detachably mounted on the first adapter or the second adapter and comprises a first battery module interface, and the first battery module interface is detachably connected with the first adapter interface or the second adapter interface to provide electric energy for the first adapter interface or the second adapter interface; the second battery module is detachably mounted on the first adapter or the second adapter and comprises a second battery module interface, and the second battery module interface is detachably connected with the first adapter interface or the second adapter interface and provides electric energy for the first adapter interface or the second adapter interface; the first adapter can alternatively mount the first battery module or the second battery module, and the second adapter can mount the first battery module and the second battery module at the same time.

Optionally, the adapter includes a USB interface, where the USB interface is electrically connected to the adapter interface, and charges the battery module or transmits electric energy of the battery module to the outside through the adapter interface.

Optionally, the adapter includes a wireless charging receiving module, and is electrically connected with the adapter interface, and the wireless charging receiving module receives an external wireless charging power input, and charges the battery module through the adapter interface.

Optionally, the adapter includes a control circuit, and the control circuit monitors the state information of the battery module through the adapter interface, and transmits the information to the tool interface, and transmits the information to an external device connected with the tool interface through the tool interface.

Optionally, the first battery module and the second battery module are connected to the second adapter interface in parallel or in series.

Optionally, the second adapter includes preventing mutual charging circuit, first battery module and second battery module warp prevent mutual charging circuit parallel connection in the second adapter interface, prevent mutual charging circuit prevent that the battery module that voltage is high in first battery module and the second battery module charges to the battery module that voltage is low.

Optionally, the battery module includes a USB interface, and the USB interface receives an external power input to charge the battery module, or transmits electric energy of the battery module to the outside through the USB interface.

Optionally, the second adapter further includes a parallel charging circuit, the parallel charging circuit is connected with USB interfaces or wireless charging receiving modules of the plurality of battery modules, and when any one of the USB interfaces or the wireless charging receiving module receives energy input, the parallel charging circuit outputs the received electric energy to all the battery modules.

Optionally, the battery module comprises a control circuit, and the control circuit monitors the state information of the battery module and transmits the state information of the battery pack outwards or controls the charging and discharging process of the battery module according to the state information.

The present invention also provides another battery pack including: an adapter comprising a tool interface and an adapter interface, the tool interface removably mated with the power tool, providing power received from the adapter interface to the power tool, the tool interface removably coupled to the power tool charger, charging the battery pack; the battery module is detachably arranged on the adapter and comprises a battery module interface and an electronic equipment interface, the battery module interface is detachably connected with the adapter interface, the battery module supplies electric energy to the adapter interface through the battery module interface, and the electronic equipment interface can selectively supply power to external electronic equipment or is connected with external power equipment to charge the battery module; the first control module is arranged on the adapter and used for monitoring state parameters when the battery module discharges the electric tool or the electric tool charger charges the electric tool; the second control module is arranged on the battery module, monitors state parameters when the battery module discharges to the electronic equipment or the external power supply equipment charges the battery module, and controls the discharging process of the battery module to the electronic equipment and the charging process of the external power supply equipment.

Optionally, the first control module controls at least one of a discharging process of the battery module to the electric tool or a charging process of the electric tool charger according to the monitored state parameter.

The invention also provides another electric tool, which is characterized by comprising a motor and a battery pack for supplying power to the motor, wherein the battery pack is as described in any one of the previous claims.

Drawings

The above-mentioned objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention can be achieved by the following drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first preferred embodiment of the power tool.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second preferred embodiment of the power tool.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the battery pack of the first preferred embodiment.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of a battery pack of the second preferred embodiment.

Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the battery module according to the first preferred embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a circuit block diagram of a battery pack according to a fourth preferred embodiment including a battery module.

Fig. 7 is a circuit block diagram of a battery pack according to a fourth preferred embodiment including two battery modules.

Fig. 8 is a circuit block diagram of a battery pack according to a sixth preferred embodiment.

Fig. 9a is a block diagram of the boost circuit of the first preferred embodiment.

Fig. 9b is a block diagram of a boost circuit of the second preferred embodiment.

Fig. 10 is a dc power supply charging graph.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a battery pack of an eighth preferred embodiment.

Fig. 12 is a schematic circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the adapter.

Fig. 13a is a flowchart of a first preferred embodiment of the battery pack of fig. 11.

Fig. 13b is a flow chart of a second preferred embodiment of the battery pack of fig. 11.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a battery pack of the ninth preferred embodiment.

Fig. 15 is a circuit block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the battery module shown in fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a flowchart of a first preferred embodiment of the battery pack shown in fig. 14.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a power tool system according to a preferred embodiment.

Fig. 18 is an exploded view of the battery module shown in fig. 17.

Circuit board assembly 214 of power tool 100

Battery pack interface 102 tool terminal set 215

Terminal sets 216,216 'of battery modules of the energy connection portion 104'

Adapter terminal group 217 of battery pack 200

Battery module 202,202' electronics interface 218

Adapter 204 cell groups 220,220'

Tool interface 206 upper case 222,222'

Lower shells 224,224 'of upper cover 208'

Bottom cover 210 support 226

Side cover 212 connecting piece 228

Temperature sensor 232

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a power tool 100 according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The power tool 100 includes a housing, a motor within the housing, and a battery pack interface 102 removably coupled to the battery pack 200. The battery pack interface 102 draws power from the battery pack 200 to power the motor. The battery pack 200 includes an adapter 204, and a battery module 202 accommodated in the adapter 204. The battery module 202 is detachably mounted in the adapter 204, i.e., an operator can load the battery module 202 into the adapter 204 or detach the battery module 202 from the adapter 204. The adapter 204 includes a tool interface 206 and an adapter interface (not shown). The tool interface 206 removably mates with the battery pack interface 102 of the power tool 100. The adapter interface detachably mates with the battery module 202 to receive electrical energy from the battery module 202. The tool interface 206 includes a tool terminal set 215. The adapter interface includes an adapter terminal set 217. The battery module 202 includes a battery module interface including a battery module terminal set 216. The adapter terminal group 217 is detachably and electrically connected to the battery module terminal group 216, and transmits electric power of the battery module 202 to the tool terminal group 215. The tool terminal group 215 supplies the electric power of the battery module 202 to the electric power tool 100. The adapter 204 can mount at least 1 battery module 202. The user can selectively load one battery module 202 or 2 battery modules 202 or other numbers of battery modules 202 according to a specific use scenario. The battery pack 200 can be discharged to the outside regardless of the installation of several battery modules 202, and the difference is the voltage or capacity when discharging to the outside.

In a second preferred embodiment of the power tool 100, as shown in fig. 2, the adapter 204 is not detachable from the power tool 100. In the present embodiment, the electric tool 100 includes a motor, an energy source connection portion 104, and a battery module 202. The energy connection 104 includes an energy interface that receives an external electrical energy input to power the motor. The battery module 202 is detachably coupled to the energy connection portion 104, and includes a battery module interface. The battery module interface is detachably connected with the energy source interface and provides electric energy for the motor through the energy source interface. The energy source connection portion 104 in this embodiment is similar in structure to the adapter 204 in the first preferred embodiment, and is mounted on the power tool 100 and is not detachable with respect to the power tool 100. The energy interface corresponds to the adapter interface of the first preferred embodiment. The structure of the battery module 202 is the same as that of the battery module 202 in the first preferred embodiment.

A first preferred embodiment of the battery pack 200 shown in fig. 1 is described in connection with fig. 3. The battery pack 200 includes an adapter 204, and a battery module 202 accommodated in the adapter 204. The adapter 204 includes an upper cover 208, a bottom cover 210, an openable side cover 212, and a circuit board assembly 214. The upper cover 208 and the lower cover 210 form a receiving chamber. The openable side cover 212 may close or open the receiving cavity. When the side cover 212 is opened, an operator can insert the battery module 202 into the receiving cavity or detach the battery module 202 from the receiving cavity. The adapter 204 includes a tool interface 206 and an adapter interface. The tool interface 206 removably mates with the battery pack interface 102 of the power tool 100. The adapter interface detachably mates with the battery module 202 to receive electrical energy from the battery module 202. The tool interface 206 includes a tool terminal set 215. The adapter interface includes an adapter terminal set 217. The tool terminal set 215 and the adapter terminal set 217 are mounted on the circuit board assembly 214. The battery module 202 includes a battery module interface including a battery module terminal set 216. The adapter terminal group 217 is detachably and electrically connected to the battery module terminal group 216, and transmits electric power of the battery module 202 to the tool terminal group 215. The tool terminal group 215 supplies the electric power of the battery module 202 to the electric power tool 100. In this embodiment, the accommodating space of the adapter 204 can accommodate only one battery module 202. In other alternative embodiments, the bottom cover 210 of the adapter 204 is a retractable bottom cover 210, and the adapter 204 can only receive one battery module 202 when the bottom cover 210 is in the retracted first state, and the adapter 204 can receive two battery modules 202 when the adapter 204 is in the extended second state. In other embodiments, the adapter 204 may also be in the extended third state, where the adapter 204 may house three or more battery modules 202.

A second preferred embodiment of the battery pack 200 shown in fig. 1 is described in connection with fig. 4. In this embodiment, the structure of the battery pack 200 is substantially the same as that of the first preferred embodiment, except that in this embodiment, the adapter 204 can accommodate two battery modules 202. The battery module 202 includes a first battery module 202 and a second battery module 202. The first battery module 202 and the second battery module 202 are connected in parallel or in series with each other. The circuit board assembly 214 includes a connection circuit connecting the first battery module 202 and the second battery module 202. The connection circuit in the present embodiment realizes the parallel connection of the first battery module 202 and the second battery module 202. Optionally, the battery pack 200 further includes a separator disposed within the adapter 204. The partition plate is vertically disposed opposite to the side cover 212 to divide the housing chamber into a first housing chamber located above and a second housing chamber located below. The space of the first accommodating cavity is basically equivalent to that of the second accommodating cavity. The first housing chamber houses the first battery module 202, and the second housing chamber houses the second battery module 202. Further, guide rails are provided on the partition and the bottom cover 210. The bracket 226 of the battery module 202 is provided with a chute. The rails and the runners each extend along the axial direction of the battery cells and correspond in position so that the battery module 202 can be accurately mounted into the adapter 204 along the rails. The battery module 202 may be mounted in both the first housing chamber and the second housing chamber, or only one of the battery modules 202 may be mounted. The battery pack 200 can be discharged to the outside regardless of the installation of several battery modules 202. The difference is in voltage or capacity upon external discharge.

In the above embodiment, the battery module 202 is fully accommodated in the adapter 204. In other embodiments, the battery module 202 may be partially housed within the adapter 204. For example, in the case where the adapter 204 does not include the bottom cover 210, the first battery module 202 is directly coupled to the adapter 204, and the second battery module 202 is mounted on the rear surface of the first battery module 202, forming a stacked structure.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the first battery module 202 is connected in parallel with the second battery module 202. Specifically, the adapter terminal group 217 includes an adapter positive terminal and an adapter negative terminal. The connection circuit includes a first positive connection terminal and a first negative connection terminal, and a second positive connection terminal and a second negative connection terminal. The first positive electrode connecting terminal is connected with the second positive electrode connecting terminal in parallel, and the first negative electrode connecting terminal is connected with the second negative electrode connecting terminal in parallel. The terminal set of the first battery module 202 includes a first battery module positive terminal and a first battery module negative terminal. The terminal set of the second battery module 202 includes a second battery module positive terminal and a second battery module negative terminal. After the first battery module 202 and the second battery module 202 are mounted in the adapter 204, the first positive connection terminal and the first negative connection terminal are correspondingly electrically connected with the first battery module positive terminal and the first battery module negative terminal, and the second positive connection terminal and the second negative connection terminal are correspondingly electrically connected with the second battery module positive terminal and the second battery module negative terminal, so that the first battery module 202 and the second battery module 202 are connected in parallel. Alternatively, when the connection circuit connects the first negative electrode connection terminal and the second positive electrode connection terminal in series, the series connection of the first battery module 202 and the second battery module 202 is achieved. Alternatively, the connection circuit may switch the first battery module 202 and the second battery module 202 in series or in parallel. Alternatively, the connection circuit can implement only one of the first battery module 202 and the second battery module 202 in parallel or in series.

Optionally, the connection circuit is elastically connected to the battery module 202, and when the side cover 212 is opened, the elastic connection is released. The connection of the two battery modules 202 to the connection circuit is disconnected. When the side covers 212 are closed, the elastic connection is compressed, and the connection of the two battery modules 202 to the connection circuit is closed. Alternatively, the elastic connection is accomplished by a spring provided between the connection circuit and the battery module 202.

In the third preferred embodiment of the battery pack 200 shown in fig. 1, the adapter 204 includes a first adapter 204 and a second adapter 204, the first adapter 204 can only mount one battery module 202, and the second adapter 204 can only mount two battery modules 202. When the battery module 202 is mounted to the first adapter 204, the battery pack 200 similar to the first preferred embodiment is formed. When the battery module 202 is mounted to the second adapter 204, the battery pack 200 similar to the second preferred embodiment is formed. Other structures, refer to the foregoing embodiments.

Fig. 5 shows a first preferred embodiment of the battery module 202 in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 4. It is considered that when the battery module 202 includes one or more battery modules 202, the structure of each battery module 202 is identical. Therefore, the components of the battery module 202 will be described taking the minimum unit of the battery module 202 as an example. The battery module 202 includes a housing, and a battery cell group 220 accommodated in the housing. The housing is generally rectangular and includes an upper shell 222 and a lower shell 224, the upper shell 222 and the lower shell 224 closing to form six substantially smooth surfaces. This profile is similar to the mobile power supply for electronic devices on the market. The battery module 202 is possible to be used as a mobile power supply of electronic equipment or other household electrical appliances. The battery cell group 220 includes at least three battery cells connected in series with each other. The first battery cell has a central axis X1, the second battery cell has a central axis X2, and the third battery cell has a central axis X3. Optionally, the first power cell, the second power cell and the third power cell are arranged in parallel, so that the central axes X1, X2 and X3 are all located in the same plane. The battery module 202 also includes a bracket 226 that supports the cells, and a connecting tab 228 that connects the cells. Alternatively, the first battery module 202 includes 5 lithium batteries connected in series with each other, and the nominal voltage of the lithium batteries is 3.6V. In other embodiments, the battery module 202 includes other numbers of lithium batteries, which may be at least one of connected in series or parallel. In other embodiments, the battery modules 202 include other numbers of battery modules 202, and the space of the receiving cavities is correspondingly increased to be able to receive the corresponding numbers of battery modules 202, such as 3, 4, 5, etc. The battery module 202 further includes a battery module interface including a battery module terminal group 216, the battery module terminal group 216 including a battery module positive terminal and a battery module negative terminal respectively connected with the positive and negative poles of the battery cell group 220, and is correspondingly electrically connected with the adapter terminal group 217 when the battery module 202 is loaded into the adapter 204, thereby transmitting electric energy of the battery module 202 to the tool terminal group 215 of the adapter 204, so that the battery pack 200 can supply power to the outside.

A fourth preferred embodiment of the battery pack 200 of the present invention will be described with continued reference to fig. 3-6. The battery pack 200 includes an adapter 204, and a battery module 202 accommodated in the adapter 204. The construction of the adapter 204 and the battery module 202 refers to the foregoing embodiments. A feature of this embodiment is that the circuit board assembly 214 in the adapter 204 includes control circuitry that at least one of detects or controls the status of the battery module 202. As shown in fig. 5, a battery module 202 is connected to an adapter 204. As shown in fig. 6, a circuit diagram is shown in which two battery modules 202 are connected to an adapter 204. In the drawing, each battery module 202 includes a battery module terminal group 216 and a temperature sensor 232. The battery module terminal set 216 includes a first signal terminal of the battery module 202 connected to the temperature sensor 232, and a positive terminal of the battery module and a negative terminal of the battery module connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery cell set, respectively. The control circuit in the adapter 204 includes an adapter terminal group 217 connected to the battery module terminal group 216, and specifically, the adapter terminal group 217 includes an adapter positive terminal, an adapter negative terminal, and an adapter signal terminal. The adapter terminal set 217 is electrically connected to the tool terminal set 215 of the adapter 204, and specifically, the tool terminal set 215 includes a tool positive terminal, a tool negative terminal, and a tool signal terminal. The control circuit collects the signals from the temperature sensor 232 and transmits them outwardly via the tool signal terminals for use by the peripheral devices connected to the adapter 204. The control circuitry transmits power from the battery module 202 outwardly through the tool positive terminal and the tool negative terminal for use by the peripheral devices connected to the adapter 204.

The battery module 202 in this embodiment further includes a discharge lock circuit, and the adapter 204 further includes a discharge unlock circuit. When the battery module is placed alone, the discharging locking circuit is disconnected, so that the battery module 202 is prevented from directly discharging outwards, and the requirement of national specified safety regulations on the use safety of the power module is not met. When the battery module 202 is mounted in the adapter 204, the battery module 202 can discharge to the outside by cooperating with a discharge unlocking circuit in the adapter 204 so that a discharge locking circuit is closed. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a discharge lock circuit is provided between the positive terminal of the battery module and the positive electrode of the battery cell group 220. Optionally, the discharge locking circuit includes a P-MOS switch transistor, and a second signal terminal of the battery module connected to the P-MOS switch transistor. The grid G of the P-MOS is connected with the second signal terminal of the battery module, the source S is connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell group 220, and the drain D is connected with the positive terminal of the battery module. When the battery module 202 is placed alone, the P-MOS is turned off, so that the positive terminal of the battery module is disconnected from the positive electrode of the battery cell stack 220, and the voltage between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery module is zero. The adapter 204 further includes an adapter second signal terminal connected to the adapter negative terminal. When the battery module 202 is mounted in the adapter 204, the four terminals of the adapter 204 are correspondingly and electrically connected with the four terminals of the battery module 202, wherein the connection of the second signal terminal of the adapter 204 and the second signal terminal of the battery module enables the P-MOS to be closed, so that the voltage of the battery module 202 is applied to the positive terminal of the adapter and the negative terminal of the adapter, and further applied to the positive terminal of the tool and the positive terminal of the tool, and external discharge of the battery pack 200 is achieved.

In this embodiment, preferably, the positive terminal of the battery module and the negative terminal of the battery module have a first length, the first signal terminal of the battery module and the second signal terminal of the battery module have a second length, and the first length is greater than the second length. The design enables the positive terminal of the battery module and the negative terminal of the battery module to be contacted with the positive terminal of the adapter and the negative terminal of the adapter at a first time point, and the first signal terminal of the battery module and the second signal terminal of the battery module to be contacted with the first signal terminal of the adapter and the second signal terminal of the adapter at a second time point, wherein the first time point is earlier than the second time point. The positive terminal of the battery module and the negative terminal of the battery module are contacted with the positive terminal of the adapter and the negative terminal of the adapter, the discharge locking circuit is closed, the voltage of the battery module 202 is applied to the positive terminal of the adapter and the negative terminal of the adapter, and the contact sparking between the positive terminal of the battery module and the negative terminal of the battery module and the positive terminal of the adapter and the negative terminal of the adapter is avoided.

In order to ensure the safety of the battery module and meet the safety requirement, the invention provides that the battery module further comprises a control circuit. When the positive terminal of the battery module is short-circuited with the negative terminal of the battery module, the control circuit blocks the electric energy output of the electric core group. Optionally, the control circuit includes a switching circuit connected in series between the positive terminal of the battery module and the positive electrode of the battery cell group, or the control circuit includes a switching circuit connected in series between the negative terminal of the battery module and the negative electrode of the battery cell group. In one embodiment, the switching circuit is the discharge lock circuit described in the previous embodiment. Before the adapter is not connected, the discharge locking circuit is in an open state, and danger does not occur when the positive terminal of the battery module is in short circuit with the negative terminal of the battery module. In an alternative embodiment, the switch circuit is a fuse, and the battery module is not dangerous when the positive terminal of the battery module is short-circuited with the negative terminal of the battery module.

Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram showing the connection of two battery modules 202 and an adapter 204. According to the above-described operation principle of the discharge locking circuit, after the two battery modules 202 are coupled to the adapter 204, the voltage of the battery modules 202 is applied to the tool terminal set 215 of the adapter 204, so that the battery pack 200 can be discharged to the outside. In this embodiment, two battery modules 202 are connected in parallel to each other to supply power to the outside. In other alternative embodiments, two battery modules 202 may also be formed to supply power in series.

The adapter 204 in this embodiment also includes an electronic device interface 218. The electronics interface 218 is different from the tool interface 206 and is removably connectable to electronics of an external non-powered tool 100. In an alternative embodiment, the electronic device interface 218 is connected to the control circuitry as shown in fig. 6 in a circuit diagram within the battery pack 200. When the electronic device is a charging device, the electric energy of the charging device is transmitted to the control circuit through the electronic device interface 218, and the control circuit is further transmitted to the battery module 202, so as to realize the charging of the battery pack 200 by the electronic device interface 218. When the electronic device is a power-consuming product, such as a mobile phone, a Pad, a computer, etc., the electric energy of the battery module 202 is transmitted to the electronic device interface 218 via the control circuit, so as to supply power to the external electronic device. When the electronic device includes a data transmission module, the status signal of the battery module 202 is transmitted to the electronic device interface 218 via the control circuit, and data is transmitted to the electronic device in one direction or exchanged with the electronic device in two directions.

Optionally, the electronic device interface 218 is a USB interface. Optionally, the electronic device interface 218 is a USB Type-C interface. The USB Type-C interface defaults to a 5V powered backward compatible previous USB interface. Furthermore, the completely new USB Type-C interface contains 4 pins dedicated to power and ground, respectively. The USB Type-C interface can support a voltage of up to 20V and a current of 5A. In an alternative embodiment, the nominal voltage of the battery pack 200 is 18V and the full charge voltage is 21V. At this time, the USB Type-C interface can only output 20V voltage at maximum, and the 18V battery pack 200 can be filled with about 80%. To enable the battery pack 200 to be full, a boost circuit may be provided within the adapter 204 to boost the 20V voltage output by the USBType-C to 21V. The specific implementation of the circuit will be described in detail in the following embodiments.

When the battery pack 200 includes two battery modules 202, the internal circuit diagram is shown in fig. 7. At this time, the charging power accessed through the USB Type-C interface is simultaneously input into the two battery modules 202, and the two battery modules 202 are charged in parallel.

The adapter 204 in this embodiment further includes a wireless charge receiving module. The wireless charge receiving module is disposed between the bottom cover 210 and the battery module 202. In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the circuit diagram of the inside of the battery pack 200 is that the wireless charging receiving module is connected with the control circuit in the adapter 204, and outputs the received charging energy to the battery module 202 via the control circuit to charge the battery module 202. When the two battery modules 202 are connected in parallel, the wireless charging receiving module receives the charging energy converted from the energy sent by the external wireless charging transmitting module and applies the charging energy to the two battery modules 202 at the same time, so as to charge the two battery modules 202 in parallel.

As shown in fig. 7, when the battery pack 200 includes two parallel battery modules 202, in order to prevent the battery modules 202 from being charged by one battery module 202 due to a voltage difference between the two battery modules 202, the battery modules 202 are damaged or even dangerous, and in this embodiment, the adapter 204 further includes a mutual charging prevention circuit.

In this embodiment, the battery pack 200 may select a conventional charger to charge the battery module 202 via the tool interface 206, may select a USB charger to charge the battery module 202 via the USB type-c interface, and may select a wireless charger to charge the battery module 202 via the wireless charging receiving module. The control circuit further comprises a charging detection module, and when the charging detection module detects that the existing charging power supply is connected, other charging power supplies are forbidden to be connected. The effect of this is that when all three charging modes are accessed, the control circuit detects that only the earliest accessed charging power supply is allowed to charge, and the subsequently accessed charging power supply is prohibited from charging.

The present invention also provides a fifth embodiment of the battery pack 200. The battery pack 200 in this embodiment includes only part of the components in the fourth embodiment. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the battery module 202 does not include a discharge locking circuit. Optionally, in this embodiment, the adapter 204 does not include at least one of a wireless charging receiving module, a USB interface, and a control circuit.

A sixth preferred embodiment of the battery pack 200 of the present invention is described with reference to fig. 8. In this embodiment, the battery pack 200 includes an adapter 204, and a battery module 202 accommodated in the adapter 204. The difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that the battery module 202 further includes a control circuit. Since the control circuit is provided in the battery module 202, the adapter 204 will not need to be provided with the control circuit. The control circuit monitors the current voltage of each battery cell in the battery module 202, the temperature of the battery module 202, the charging current and other parameters, and controls the charging and discharging processes of the battery module 202 according to the detection result. Because the control circuit is arranged in the battery module 202, the battery module 202 manages the charging and discharging by itself, the state signal of the battery module 202 does not need to be transmitted outwards, and the battery module terminal group 216 does not need to be provided with a signal terminal. The battery module terminal set 216 in this embodiment includes a battery module positive terminal and a battery module negative terminal. The adapter terminal set 217 includes an adapter positive terminal and an adapter negative terminal. When the battery module 202 is mounted in the adapter 204, the battery module terminal group 216 is electrically connected with the adapter terminal group 217 correspondingly, so that the electric energy of the battery module 202 is provided to the tool terminal group 215 to supply power to the outside.

In this embodiment, the battery module 202 further includes an electronic device interface 218. The specific form of the electronic device refers to the foregoing embodiments and will not be described herein. The electronic device interface 218 is configured such that, whether or not the battery module 202 is mounted within the adapter 204, external electronic devices can be charged via the electronic device interface 218, the battery module 202 can be charged via the electronic device interface 218, and data can be transferred between the electronic device interface 218 and the peripheral devices. The battery module 202 in the present embodiment does not need to install the battery module 202 in the adapter 204 as in the fifth embodiment, so that the usage scenario of the battery module 202 is expanded. The battery module 202 can be used as a completely independent power supply when the adapter 204 is not installed, so that external discharging and internal charging can be realized, and meanwhile, the battery module 202 is particularly convenient to carry and supplies power for various electronic equipment due to the flat and smooth appearance; when the battery module 202 is installed in the adapter 204, a complete battery pack for the electric tool is formed, and the battery pack 200 can supply power to the electric tool, so that the battery pack 200 can supply power to the electric tool 100 and electronic equipment, and the battery pack meets the appearance requirement of the traditional battery pack for the electric tool 100, meets the appearance requirement of the traditional mobile power supply for the electronic equipment, and improves the universality of the battery pack 200.

In the present embodiment, when two battery modules 202 are simultaneously loaded into the adapter 204 to form the battery pack 200, although the battery pack 200 has two electronic device interfaces 218, only when any one of the electronic device interfaces 218 is connected to the charging power source, the two battery modules 202 can be charged simultaneously. Based on this, as shown in fig. 8, the adapter 204 further includes a parallel charging circuit, one end of which is connected to the electronic device interface 218 of the first battery module 202, and the other end of which is connected to the electronic device interface 218 of the second battery module 202. When the electronic device interface 218 of any one of the battery modules 202 is connected to the charging power source, the parallel charging circuit synchronously introduces the charging power source into the other battery module 202, so that the charging power source connected from one battery module 202 can charge both battery modules 202 at the same time.

In this embodiment, the battery module 202 further includes a wireless charging receiving module. Due to the arrangement of the wireless charging receiving module, the battery module 202 can be charged through both the wireless charging receiving module and the electronic device interface 218. When the battery module 202 is loaded into the adapter 204, the battery pack 200 may be connected to a conventional power tool 100 charger through the tool interface 206 to charge the battery module 202, in addition to the two charging modes described above. As shown in fig. 8, when a plurality of battery modules 202 are loaded into the adapter 204, the wireless charging receiving module of any one battery module 202 receives the energy sent by the wireless charging transmitting module or the electronic device interface 218 receives the charging energy, the charging energy can be introduced into other battery modules 202 through the parallel charging circuit, so as to charge all battery modules 202 in the adapter 204 together.

The present invention also provides a seventh preferred embodiment of the battery pack 200. The battery pack 200 in this embodiment includes only part of the components in the sixth embodiment. Optionally, in this embodiment, the battery module 202 does not include at least one of a wireless charging receiving module, a USB interface, and a control circuit.

The present invention also provides embodiments as shown in fig. 17 and 18. The embodiment is characterized in that an adapter is used for being connected with a battery module comprising two groups of battery packs, and the adapter is replaced by being connected with 2 battery modules in an adapter-fitting mode to achieve the increase of battery pack capacity or voltage. Specifically, as shown in fig. 17, the battery pack system includes an adapter 104, a first battery module 202', and a second battery module 202. The first battery module 202' is removably mounted to the adapter 104, including the first battery module interface. The first battery module interface is detachably connected with the adapter interface. The first battery module 202' provides electrical power to the adapter interface via the first battery module interface. The second battery module 202 is detachably mounted to the adapter 104, including a second battery module interface. The second battery module interface is detachably connected with the adapter interface. The second battery module 202 provides electrical power to the adapter interface via the second battery module interface. The second battery module contains different from the electric core quantity that first battery module contained. The adapter includes a tool interface that removably mates with the power tool 100 and an adapter interface that provides power received from the adapter interface to the power tool 100. The adapter is selectively coupled with one of the first battery module 202' and the second battery module 202. An exploded view of the first battery module 202' is shown in fig. 18 (a), and an exploded view of the second battery module 202 is shown in fig. 18 (b). The first battery module 202' includes a battery pack of 5 battery cells, for example. The second battery module 202 includes a battery pack of 10 battery cells. If every 5 batteries of 10 batteries are connected in series to form one group, and then two groups are connected in parallel, the capacity of the second battery module is 2 times that of the first battery module. If the 10 battery cells are connected in series, the voltage of the second battery module is 2 times that of the first battery module. In other embodiments, the first and second battery modules may include other numbers of cells, thereby forming other proportional capacities or voltages. The increase in capacity or voltage of the battery pack is achieved by replacing the first battery module with the second battery module, i.e., by changing the number of battery cells contained in the battery module that is coupled with the adapter. Instead of increasing the capacity or voltage by increasing the number of battery modules in the foregoing embodiment. In the embodiment in which the capacity or voltage is increased by increasing the number of battery modules, each battery module may be used alone, so that there is necessarily a difference in the number of times each battery module is used, the use condition, etc., and there is a difference in the current remaining capacity of the plurality of battery modules, a difference in the available capacity after being filled, etc. easily. At this time, under the unknowing condition, the battery modules with huge differences are combined together for use, and the difficulty is increased for the charge and discharge management of the battery pack. In the scheme provided by the embodiment, one battery module is used for replacing another battery module to change the capacity or voltage of the battery pack, so that the problem of mixed use of the battery modules in different initial states and use states is solved, and the difficulty of charge and discharge management of the battery pack is effectively reduced.

In some of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the battery module 202 includes a control circuit. Optionally, the control circuit includes a first control module and a second control module. The first control module controls a discharging process when the battery pack 200 is connected to the power tool 100 and a charging process when the battery pack is connected to a conventional power tool charger. The second control module controls a discharging process when the battery pack 200 or the battery module 202 is connected with the electronic device, and a charging process when the battery pack is charged through the USB interface or the wireless charging receiving module. Optionally, a first control module is disposed in the adapter 204 and a second control module is disposed in the battery module 202.

The invention also provides the embodiment as shown in fig. 9a-9 b. The embodiment is characterized in that the direct current power supply comprises an energy storage module, an electronic device interface and a charging circuit. The nominal full charge voltage of the energy storage module is a first preset voltage, the power input by the interface of the electronic equipment is lower than the first preset voltage, and the charging circuit can fully charge the energy storage module. In short, the energy storage module can be charged even if the externally input charging voltage is lower than the full charging voltage of the energy storage module. The capacity received by the energy storage module is full of more than 80% of its nominal capacity. Alternatively, the capacity received by the energy storage module is filled to more than 90% of its nominal capacity. The nominal full charge voltage is the highest voltage of the battery cell in a standard charging mode in a specification of an energy storage element forming the energy storage module. The nominal capacity is the nominal discharge capacity in the specification. The energy storage module is composed of 5 lithium battery cells connected in series by way of example. Table 1 below describes the nominal specification of a lithium battery cell in the specification of a particular model of lithium battery cell provided by a particular battery cell manufacturer. As can be seen from Table 1, the nominal fill voltage of a single lithium cell is 4.15V to 4.25V, and the nominal capacity is 2000mAh. Based on this, the nominal full charge voltage of the energy storage module, i.e. the first preset voltage is 5 x (4.15-4.25) V/cell=20.75V-21.25V. The nominal capacity of the energy storage module is 2000mAh.

Table 1: nominal specification of lithium cell

In this embodiment, the dc power source may be a conventional battery pack for a power tool, or the battery pack 200 described in the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, or the battery module 202 described in the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, or any other power source capable of repeatedly charging and discharging. The dc power source can directly or indirectly power the power tool. The working current of the electric tool is generally 6-8A, 10-20A, or even 30-50A. Therefore, the dc power source capable of supplying power to the power tool generally has a strong discharge capability.

This embodiment is described below in connection with fig. 9a and 9 b. As shown, the dc power source includes an energy storage module that is capable of powering the power tool 100. For example, the energy storage module is a battery cell group 220 formed by connecting 5 lithium battery cells in series, and the full charge voltage of the energy storage module is more than 20V. The direct current power supply also comprises a USB interface and a charging circuit connected with the USB interface. The USB interface receives external power input and charges the energy storage module through the charging circuit. The input voltage of the common USB interface is about 5V, and the input voltage of the USB type-c interface is about 20V. The input voltage of the USB interface is lower than the full charge voltage of the direct current power supply, but the direct current power supply provided by the invention can be filled with more than 80% of the nominal capacity when the charging is finished. In order to achieve the effect, the invention proposes to arrange a booster circuit in the direct current power supply, and boost the electric energy received by the USB interface to the voltage reached when the direct current power supply is full.

Fig. 9a shows a first preferred embodiment of the boost circuit. The circuit in the direct current power supply comprises a USB PD module, a boost circuit arranged between the USB PD module and the battery cell, and a detection circuit for monitoring the charging state of the battery cell. Wherein the USB PD module is a power transmission module conforming to a USB transmission protocol. And the USB PD module receives the cell state signal detected by the detection circuit and controls the output of the USB PD module according to the detection signal. The output of the USB PD module is output to the battery cell group 220 after passing through the boost circuit, and charges the battery cell group 220. In this embodiment, the boost circuit is a dedicated charging chip, and the detection circuit is integrated in the dedicated charging chip. When the voltage of the battery cell 220 is nominally 18V and full of 21V, the dedicated charging chip outputs the highest 21V voltage, and the output current is designed according to the capacity of the battery cell 220, such as 2a,2.5a,3a, etc.

Fig. 9b shows a second preferred embodiment of the boost circuit. The difference between this embodiment and the first preferred embodiment is that the boost circuit does not function at any time during charging, but only when the charging power is small. That is, when the charging power is high, the battery cell 220 is directly charged by the output of the USB PD module, and when the charging power is low, the output of the USB PD module charges the battery cell 220 through the boost circuit. There are two advantages to such a design, first: the volume of the booster circuit is multiplied along with the increase of the output power, and when the power of the booster circuit is smaller, the volume of the booster circuit can be made smaller, so that the booster circuit can be installed in a direct current power supply, the volume of the direct current power supply is not excessively increased, and the compactness of the direct current power supply is kept; second,: taking the charging of the 18V dc power supply as an example, referring to fig. 10, in the heavy current charging stage, i.e., the CC charging stage, the charging power is relatively high, but the voltage requirement is not high, and the output of the USB PD module is directly utilized to charge the battery, in the light current charging stage, i.e., the CV charging stage, the output of the USB PD module is raised, and the output of the USB PD module does not meet the voltage requirement of the battery cell group 220, so that the boost circuit needs to start up, but the charging current is low, and the overall charging power is not high, so that the power of the boost circuit is not high, and the boost circuit with low power can just meet the charging requirement of the battery cell group 220, and meanwhile, the charging efficiency is not affected.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 9b, the circuit of the dc power supply further includes a main control module, a first charging branch, a second charging branch, and a detection circuit. The detection circuit comprises a voltage detection module and a current detection module. The first charging branch and the second charging branch are mutually connected in parallel. The first charging branch directly transmits the output power of the USB PD module to the battery cell group 220. The second charging branch includes a boost circuit, and the output power of the USB PD module is boosted and then transmitted to the battery cell group 220. The voltage detection module detects the voltage of the battery cell group 220, and the current detection module detects the charging current of the battery cell group 220. The main control module is connected with the detection circuit, receives signals transmitted by the voltage detection module and the current detection module, and controls the connection or disconnection of the first charging branch and the second charging branch based on the signals. Optionally, when the charging current is smaller than a preset value, the control circuit controls the first charging branch to be opened, the second charging branch to be closed, and the second charging branch charges the battery cell group 220. Otherwise, when the charging current is greater than the preset value, the control circuit controls the first charging branch to be closed, the second charging branch to be opened, and the first charging branch charges the battery cell group 220. Optionally, when the charging voltage is greater than a preset value, the control circuit controls the first charging branch to be opened, the second charging branch to be closed, and the second charging branch charges the battery cell group 220. Otherwise, when the charging voltage is smaller than the preset value, the control circuit controls the first charging branch to be closed, the second charging branch to be opened, and the first charging branch charges the battery cell group 220. Specifically, the first charging circuit includes a first on-off switch, and when the first on-off switch is turned on, the first charging circuit is turned on, and when the first on-off switch is turned off, the first charging circuit is turned off. The second charging circuit comprises a second on-off switch, when the second switch is opened and closed, the second charging circuit is closed, and when the second on-off switch is opened, the second charging circuit is opened. The main control module controls the on-off states of the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit by controlling the on-off states of the first on-off switch and the second on-off switch.

The charging circuit provided by the invention is not limited to the external power input type and the direct-current power output voltage. The USB interface can be a common USB interface or a USB TYPE-C interface, can also be other TYPEs of electronic equipment interfaces, and the maximum output voltage of the direct current power supply can also be the voltage of other values. The important point is that the nominal full charge of the energy storage module is higher than the input supply voltage of the electronic device interface. Defining the nominal full charge voltage of the energy storage module as a first preset voltage, and optionally, a power supply input by an interface of the electronic equipment is lower than the first preset voltage. Optionally, the power input by the interface of the electronic device is about 90% of the first preset voltage. When the power voltage input by the interface of the electronic equipment is closer to the first preset voltage, the size of the charging circuit is smaller, and the size of the direct current power supply is more compact.

In order to enable the DC power supply to be full when the input voltage of the interface of the electronic device is smaller than the maximum output voltage of the DC power supply, the invention provides a charging circuit comprising a voltage boosting circuit. However, in order to excessively increase the volume of the dc power supply, the volume of the charging circuit in the dc power supply should be reduced as much as possible in view of the fact that the boost voltage is provided in the dc power supply. An alternative embodiment is the one shown in fig. 9 b. An alternative embodiment is to reduce the charging power of the dc power supply, thereby reducing the volume of the dedicated charging chip as much as possible. Defining the capacity of a single energy storage module as X amperes, 1C charging to charge with X current for 1 hour may fill the single energy storage module. Optionally, the maximum output charging current of the dedicated charging chip is less than the 1.5C charging current of the single energy storage module. Alternatively, the maximum output charging current of the dedicated charging chip is 1C charging current of the single energy storage module, so the time required to fill the energy storage module is greater than or equal to 1 hour.

Fig. 11 shows an eighth preferred embodiment of the battery pack. The present embodiment focuses on the technical scheme of how to prevent the two battery modules from being charged with each other when the battery pack includes two battery modules connected in parallel with each other. The battery pack includes an adapter and a battery module detachably mounted to the adapter. The battery module comprises a first battery module and a second battery module. The adapter comprises a tool power terminal group (T+/T-) which is detachably matched with the electric tool, an adapter first power terminal group (A1+/A1-) which is detachably matched with the first battery module, and an adapter second power terminal group (A2+/A2-) which is detachably matched with the second battery module. The first power terminal group A1+/A1-) and the second power terminal group (A2+/A2-) are connected in parallel to the tool power terminal group (T+/T-) and supply the electric energy of the first battery module and the second battery module to the electric tool in parallel.

The adapter also includes a control circuit disposed between the battery module and the power tool. As shown in fig. 12, the control circuit includes a first switch assembly, a second switch assembly, and a main control module. The first switch assembly is disposed between the adapter first power terminal set and the tool power terminal set. The second switch assembly is disposed between the adapter second power terminal set and the tool power terminal set. The main control module obtains a voltage difference value between the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module, and when the voltage difference value is smaller than a preset voltage value, the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly are controlled to be closed, and the first battery module and the second battery module are connected in parallel to supply power to the electric tool. The main control module judges that the voltage difference between the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module exceeds a preset voltage value, and when the voltage of the first battery module is higher than the voltage of the second battery module, the first switch assembly is controlled to be closed, and the second switch assembly is controlled to be opened, so that the first battery module with high voltage discharges first. Otherwise, the main control module judges that the voltage difference between the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module exceeds a preset voltage value, and when the voltage of the second battery module is higher than the voltage of the first battery module, the second switch assembly is controlled to be closed, and the first switch assembly is controlled to be opened, so that the second battery module with high voltage discharges first. And controlling the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly to be closed until the main control module monitors that the voltage difference value of the first battery module and the second battery module is smaller than a preset voltage value, wherein the first battery module and the second battery module are connected in parallel to supply power for the electric tool.

In other optional embodiments, the main control module determines that the voltage difference between the first battery module and the second battery module exceeds a preset voltage value, and when the voltage of the first battery module is higher than the voltage of the second battery module, the main control module controls the first switch assembly to be closed, and the second switch assembly to be intermittently closed. Otherwise, the main control module judges that the voltage difference between the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module exceeds a preset voltage value, and when the voltage of the second battery module is higher than the voltage of the first battery module, the second switch assembly is controlled to be closed, and the first switch assembly is intermittently closed. And controlling the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly to be continuously closed until the main control module monitors that the voltage difference value of the first battery module and the second battery module is smaller than a preset voltage value, wherein the first battery module and the second battery module are connected in parallel to supply power for the electric tool.

The method for obtaining the voltage difference between the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module by the main control module is various. Including a scheme for directly obtaining a voltage difference value and a scheme for indirectly obtaining a voltage difference value. The scheme of directly obtaining the voltage difference mainly obtains the voltage difference between the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module by directly obtaining the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module. Optionally, the first battery module further includes a first battery module signal terminal group (BS) for transmitting the battery module state outwards, the second battery module further includes a second battery module signal terminal group (BS) for transmitting the battery module state outwards, the adapter includes an adapter first signal terminal group (AS 1) and an adapter second signal terminal group (AS 2) detachably and electrically connected with the first battery module signal terminal group and the second battery module signal terminal group, and the main control module obtains the voltage values of the first battery module and the second battery module according to signals transmitted by the adapter first signal terminal group (AS 1) and the adapter second signal terminal group (AS 2). In another alternative embodiment, the main control module controls the first switch assembly to be turned on and the second switch assembly to be turned off, the voltage value of the first battery module is obtained through the first power terminal group of the adapter, and then the main control module controls the first switch assembly to be turned off and the second switch assembly to be turned on, and the voltage value of the second battery module is obtained through the second power terminal group of the adapter. The voltage difference between the first battery module and the second battery module can be indirectly obtained by measuring the voltage difference between the two ends of the first switch assembly and the voltage difference between the two ends of the second switch assembly. When the voltage difference between the two ends of the first switch assembly and the voltage difference between the two ends of the second switch assembly are smaller than a second preset voltage value, the voltage difference between the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module is smaller than the first preset voltage value, and the main control module controls the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly to be closed, and the two battery modules are connected in parallel to supply power for the electric tool. When the voltage difference between the two ends of the first switch assembly is larger than a second preset voltage value, the voltage difference between the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module is larger than the first preset voltage value, and the voltage of the first battery module is higher than the voltage of the second battery module. When the voltage difference between the two ends of the second switch assembly is larger than a second preset voltage value, the voltage difference between the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module is larger than the first preset voltage value, and the voltage of the second battery module is higher than the voltage of the first battery module.

As shown in fig. 12, the first switching element includes two P-MOS transistors connected in series with each other. The second switching component comprises two P-MOS transistors which are connected in series. Since one transistor includes one parasitic diode directed from the D pole to the S pole, one transistor includes one parasitic diode directed from the S pole to the D pole, thereby forming two back-to-back diodes, preventing the first battery module and the second battery module from being charged with each other in the standby state.

As shown in fig. 12, the adapter further includes a tool signal Terminal Set (TS) and a power-on self-locking circuit that are removably connected to the power tool. The tool signal Terminal Set (TS) is used for transmitting electric signals between the adapter and the electric tool. The power-on self-locking circuit is arranged between the main control module and the adapter first power supply terminal group and between the main control module and the adapter second power supply terminal group. The power-on self-locking circuit comprises an open state and a closed state. And in the disconnection state, the main control module is in a power-down state and enters a sleep mode. In the closed state, the main control module is in a power-on state and starts working. When a starting switch (S1) of the electric tool is closed, the tool signal terminal group receives a trigger signal, and the power-on self-locking circuit is switched from an open state to a closed state. Specifically, the power-on self-locking circuit includes a first electronic switch Q5 and a second electronic switch T3. The switch Q5 is disposed between the adapter first power terminal set and the adapter second power terminal set and the DC/DC module. The DC/DC module is used for converting the voltage of the battery module into a voltage suitable for supplying power to the main control module. When the switch Q5 is in an off state, the DC/DC module cannot obtain the electric energy of the battery module, and the main control module is in a power-down state and enters a sleep mode. When the switch Q5 is in a closed state, the DC/DC module obtains the electric energy of the battery module and converts the electric energy into voltage suitable for supplying power to the main control module, and the main control module obtains the electric energy to be in a power-on state and starts working. As shown in fig. 12, at the moment when the start switch S1 of the electric tool is closed, the G pole of the switch Q5 is brought into a low level state via the tool signal terminal group, thereby triggering the switch Q5 to close. Meanwhile, once the switch Q5 is closed, after the main control module is electrified, a control signal is sent to enable the switch T3 to be in a closed state, so that the G pole of the switch Q5 is kept in a low level state, the switch Q5 is locked in the closed state, the main control module is continuously electrified, and the operation is started, such as obtaining the voltage difference value of the first battery module and the second battery module, controlling the states of the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly, and the like.

In this embodiment, when only one battery module is mounted to the adapter, or although a plurality of battery modules are mounted to the adapter, only one battery module is in good contact, or when only one battery module satisfies the discharge condition although a plurality of battery modules are mounted to the adapter, the main control module controls the switch assembly corresponding to the battery module to be closed and the other switch assemblies to be opened when the above condition is recognized by the adapter signal terminal group or the adapter power supply terminal group, and the battery module supplies power to the electric tool. Thus, even if only one battery module can work, the battery pack can still supply power to the electric tool.

The workflow of the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 13a and 13 b.

Fig. 13a is a first preferred embodiment of the workflow of the present embodiment. When the trigger signal of the electric tool is not received, that is, before the starting switch of the electric tool is closed, the battery pack is in the sleep mode, and the electric quantity is consumed very little. As shown in steps S0 and S2, once the start switch of the electric tool is turned on, the tool signal terminal set outputs a low-level trigger signal, which is sent to the power-on self-locking circuit, and the power-on self-locking circuit is switched from an open state to a closed state, and the main control module is powered on to start operation. Then step S4 is entered.

And S4, judging whether the first battery module and the second battery module are connected with the adapter, if not, entering the step S10. If yes, go to step S8. If the two battery modules are not connected with the adapter, the main control module cannot be electrified, and the judgment of judging whether the battery modules are connected with the adapter or not cannot be performed. There are many ways to determine whether the battery module is connected to the adapter, for example, whether the adapter is connected to the battery module is determined by determining whether the adapter signal terminal set receives a predetermined signal, or whether the adapter power supply terminal set receives a predetermined voltage, or by providing sensing elements in the battery module and the adapter, and whether the adapter is connected to the battery module is determined in a non-contact manner.

And S10, controlling the first switch assembly or the second switch assembly to be closed, so that the battery module connected with the adapter supplies power for the electric tool. Then step S12 is entered.

Step S12, judging whether the battery module reaches the over-discharge protection condition. The over-put protection conditions include, but are not limited to, at least one of: 1) The whole package voltage of the battery module is lower than a preset voltage; 2) The voltage of a single battery cell in the battery module is lower than a preset voltage; 3) The discharging current of the battery module is larger than the preset current; 4) The temperature of the battery module is higher than a preset temperature. If yes, the battery module needs to be over-discharged for protection, and the step S14 is performed to stop discharging the battery module, i.e. to control the first switch assembly or the second switch assembly to be turned off. And when the judgment result is negative, returning to the step S10.

After step S14, step S16 is entered, and the main control module enters a sleep state. Specifically, as shown in fig. 12, the main control module sends a control signal to control the switch T3 to be turned off, so as to control the switch Q5 to be turned off, so that the upper electronic lock circuit is turned off, and the main control module is powered down to enter a sleep state, thereby reducing the power consumption of the battery module.

Step S8, judging whether the difference value between the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module exceeds a preset voltage value. The judging method is as described above and will not be described in detail herein. When the determination result is no, the flow advances to step S18. When the determination result is yes, the process advances to step S22.

Step S18, closing the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly, so that the first battery module and the second battery module supply power to the electric tool in parallel. Then step S20 is entered.

Step S20, judging whether the first battery module and the second battery module reach the over-discharge protection condition. The over-put protection conditions are as described above. When the determination result is yes, the flow proceeds to step S14. When the determination result is no, the process returns to step S18.

Step S22, judging whether the voltage of the first battery module is larger than the voltage of the second battery module. If yes, it is indicated that the voltage of the first battery module is greater than the voltage of the second battery module, and the voltage difference between the two is greater than the preset voltage value, and step S24 is performed. In step S24, the first switch assembly is closed, and the second switch assembly is opened. The beneficial effect of doing so is that only first battery module discharges, and the second battery module does not discharge, effectively avoids when both parallelly connected discharges simultaneously, and first battery module charges to the second battery module, causes battery module's damage. When the determination result in step S22 is no, it is indicated that the voltage of the second battery module is greater than the voltage of the first battery module, and the voltage difference between the two exceeds the preset voltage value, and step S32 is performed. In step S32, the second switch assembly is closed, and the first switch assembly is opened. The beneficial effect of doing so is that only second battery module discharges, and first battery module does not discharge, effectively avoids when both parallelly connected discharges simultaneously, and second battery module charges to first battery module, causes battery module's damage.

After step S24, the process advances to step S26. In step S26, it is determined whether the first battery module has reached the overdischarge protection condition. When the determination result is yes, the process advances to step S28. And when the judgment result is negative, returning to the step S24.

In step S28, the first switch assembly is opened, and the second switch assembly is closed. That is, the discharge of the first battery module is stopped and the discharge of the second battery module is started. Step S30 is then performed to determine whether the second battery module reaches the overdischarge protection condition. If the determination result in step S30 is yes, the flow proceeds to step S14. If the determination result in step S30 is no, the routine returns to step S28.

After step S32, the process advances to step S34. In step S34, it is determined whether the second battery module reaches the overdischarge protection condition. When the determination result is yes, the flow advances to step S36. When the determination result is no, the process returns to step S32.

In step S36, the second switch assembly is opened, and the first switch assembly is closed. That is, the discharge of the second battery module is stopped, and the discharge of the first battery module is started. Step S38 is then performed to determine whether the first battery module has reached the overdischarge protection condition. If the determination result in step S38 is yes, the flow proceeds to step S14. If the result of the determination in step S38 is negative, the routine returns to step S36.

Fig. 13b is a second preferred embodiment of the workflow of the present embodiment. The flow chart of this embodiment is basically the same as that shown in fig. 13b, except for steps S24, S26, S32, and S34. Specifically, in step S24 of the present embodiment, the first switch assembly is continuously closed, and the second switch assembly is intermittently closed. The effect that realizes is that the higher first battery module of voltage is continuous to supply power for the electric tool, and the lower second battery module of voltage is intermittent to supply power for the electric tool, and the second battery module is intermittent and parallelly connected with first battery module to supply power for the electric tool promptly. Even if the first battery module discharges to the second battery module due to the voltage difference between the first battery module and the second battery module, the average discharge current is small due to the intermittence of the discharge, and the battery module is not damaged greatly. After step S24, the process advances to step S26. In step S26, it is determined whether the first battery module and the second battery module reach the overdischarge protection condition, and if yes, step S14 is entered to stop the discharge of the battery module to the electric tool. In step S26, when the determination result is no, the process returns to step S24. In step S32, the second switch assembly is continuously closed, and the first switch assembly is intermittently closed. The effect that realizes is that the second battery module that the voltage is higher is continuous to give the power tool power supply, and the lower first battery module of voltage is intermittent for the power tool power supply, and first battery module is intermittent for the power tool power supply with the second battery module parallelly connected promptly. Even if the second battery module discharges to the first battery module due to the voltage difference between the second battery module and the first battery module, the average discharge current is small due to the intermittence of the discharge, so that the battery module is not damaged greatly. Step S34 is performed after step S32. In step S34, it is determined whether the first battery module and the second battery module reach the overdischarge protection condition, and if yes, step S14 is entered to stop the discharge of the battery module to the electric tool. In step S34, when the determination result is no, the process returns to step S32.

Fig. 14 shows a ninth preferred embodiment of the battery pack. The key point of this embodiment is that the battery pack includes two battery modules that are connected in parallel, and each battery module all contains charging source module, and one of them charging source module has received outside power input, and when another charging source module did not receive outside power input, how to charge two battery modules simultaneously. The battery pack comprises an adapter, a first battery module and a second battery module, and electric energy of the first battery module and the second battery module is used for providing electric energy for the electric tool through the adapter. The adapter includes a tool power terminal set (T+/T-), an adapter first power terminal set (A1+/A1-) and an adapter first signal terminal set (AS 1) removably mated with the first battery module, and an adapter second power terminal set (A2+/A2-) and an adapter second signal terminal set (AS 2) removably mated with the second battery module. The first battery module is detachably mounted on the adapter and comprises a first battery module power terminal group (B+/B-), a first battery module signal terminal group (BS) and a first charging power module, wherein the first battery module power terminal group (B+/B-) is connected with the first power terminal group of the adapter, the first battery module signal terminal group (BS) is connected with the first signal terminal group of the adapter, and the first charging power module is used for receiving external charging energy to charge the first battery module. The first power supply terminal group is connected with the anode and the cathode of the first battery module. The first battery module signal terminal group transmits the state signal of the first battery module outwards. The second battery module is detachably arranged on the adapter and comprises a second battery module power supply terminal group connected with a second power supply terminal group of the adapter, a second battery module signal terminal group connected with a second signal terminal group of the adapter and a second charging power supply module for receiving external charging energy to charge the second battery module. The second power supply terminal set is connected with the anode and the cathode of the second battery module. The second battery module signal terminal group transmits the state signal of the second battery module outwards. The adapter also comprises a main control module and a switch component. The adapter first power terminal group and the adapter second power terminal group are connected in parallel through the switch assembly. When the first charging power supply module receives external charging energy input and the second charging power supply module does not receive external charging energy input, the first battery module signal terminal group sends a trigger signal to the adapter first signal terminal group connected with the first battery module signal terminal group, and the main control module controls the switch assembly to be closed, so that the first charging power supply module can charge the first battery module and also can charge the second battery module. On the contrary, when the second charging power supply module receives external charging energy input and the first charging power supply module does not receive external charging energy input, the second battery module signal terminal group sends a trigger signal to the adapter second signal terminal group connected with the second charging power supply module, and the main control module controls the switch assembly to be closed, so that the second charging power supply module can charge the second battery module and also can charge the first battery module.

Fig. 15 is a circuit diagram of an alternative embodiment of a battery module, to which reference is made for the circuit diagrams of the first battery module and the second battery module. The battery module comprises a battery cell group, a charging management module, a charging power supply module, a trigger signal generation module and an adapter interface. The battery module interface comprises a battery module power supply terminal set and a battery module signal terminal set. The charging management module in the battery module is electrically connected with the charging power supply module, and when the battery module receives the input of external charging energy, the trigger signal generation module outputs a high-level signal, and the high-level signal is the trigger signal. The trigger signal is transmitted to the adapter signal terminal set through the battery module signal terminal set. Optionally, the battery module signal terminal group includes an S signal terminal and a D signal terminal, and the two terminals may be independently provided, or may be time-division multiplexed. The S signal terminal delivers an analog signal, such as a high level signal. The D signal terminal transmits digital signals, such as signals of the current charge and discharge states of the battery cells in the battery module. The S signal terminal and the D signal terminal also correspondingly receive signals transmitted thereto by the adapter.

In the particular implementation shown in fig. 12, the switch assembly includes a first switch assembly disposed between the adapter first power terminal set and the tool power terminal set and a second switch assembly. The second switch assembly is disposed between the adapter first power terminal set and the tool power terminal set. An adapter first power terminal set. The adapter second power terminal group is connected in parallel via the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly.

Before the main control module controls the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly to be closed, acquiring the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module, judging whether the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module meet preset conditions, and controlling the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly to be closed when the judgment result is yes; and when the judgment result is negative, the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly are controlled to be disconnected. The main control module obtains the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module in various manners. Optionally, the main control module controls the first switch assembly to be closed and the second switch assembly to be opened, and the voltage value of the first battery module is obtained through the power terminal group of the first battery module. The main control module controls the first switch assembly to be opened and the second switch assembly to be closed, and the voltage value of the second battery module is obtained through the second battery module power supply terminal group. The main control module can also directly acquire the voltage of the first battery module through the signal transmitted by the signal terminal group of the first battery module, and acquire the voltage of the second battery module through the signal transmitted by the signal terminal group of the second battery module. As shown in fig. 12, the main control module sets different ports to receive the trigger signal of the first battery module signal terminal group and the trigger signal of the second battery module signal terminal group, thereby identifying which battery module has transmitted the trigger signal to the adapter. When the main control module judges that the trigger signal comes from the signal terminal group of the first battery module, the preset condition is whether the voltage of the first battery module is not lower than the voltage of the second battery module. When the main control module judges that the trigger signal comes from the signal terminal group of the second battery module, the preset condition is whether the voltage of the second battery module is not lower than the voltage of the first battery module.

The first battery module charging management module in the first battery module monitors the state of the first battery module and controls the charging process of the first charging power supply module to the first battery module. The second battery module charge management module in the second battery module monitors the state of the second battery module and controls the charging process of the second charging power module to the second battery module. When the first charging power supply module receives external charging energy input and the second charging power supply module does not receive external charging energy input, charging management of the first battery module is completed by the first battery module charging management module, and charging management of the second battery module is completed by the main control module. On the contrary, when the second charging power supply module receives external charging energy input and the first charging power supply module does not receive external charging energy input, the charging management of the second battery module is completed by the second battery module charging management module, and the charging management of the first battery module is completed by the main control module. The charge management of the battery module by the main control module is specifically realized in such a way that when the first charging power supply module receives external charging energy input and the main control module judges that the second battery module is full according to signals transmitted by the signal terminals of the second battery module, at least one of the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly is controlled to be disconnected. When the second charging power supply module receives external charging energy input and the main control module judges that the first battery module is full according to signals transmitted by the signal terminals of the first battery module, at least one of the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly is controlled to be disconnected.

As shown in fig. 15, the first and second charging power modules include a USB-C PD module, i.e., a USB TYPE C energy transfer protocol. The USB TYPE C energy transfer protocol receives the power input of an external USB-C (i.e., USB TYPE C) interface and converts it into energy suitable for charging the battery module. As shown in fig. 15, the first charging power supply module and the second charging power supply module further include a wireless charging receiving module. The wireless charging receiving module receives the energy sent by the external wireless charging transmitting module and converts the energy into energy suitable for charging the battery module.

Referring to fig. 12, the adapter further includes a power-on self-locking circuit disposed between the adapter first power terminal set and the adapter second power terminal set and the main control module. When the power-on self-locking circuit does not receive the trigger signal of the first signal terminal group of the adapter or the second signal terminal group of the adapter, the switch T4 is in an off state, so that the switch Q5 is in an off state, and the power-on self-locking circuit is in an off state. The electric energy provided by the battery module cannot be transmitted to the DC/DC module, so that power cannot be supplied to the main control module, and the main control module is in a power-down state and enters a sleep mode. When the power-on self-locking circuit receives a trigger signal of the first signal terminal group of the adapter or the second signal terminal group of the adapter, the switch T4 is in a closed state, so that the switch Q5 is in a closed state, and therefore the power-on self-locking circuit is in a closed state. The electric energy provided by the battery module supplies power to the main control module through the DC/DC module, and the main control module is in a power-on state and starts working. That is, before receiving the trigger signal from the signal terminal set of the battery module, the main control module is in a power-down state and consumes little electric energy, so that the battery pack consumes little power in a rest state without working, and the standby time is prolonged. In addition, when the main control module judges that the trigger signal is from the first battery module and the second battery module is not connected, the power-on self-locking module is controlled to be switched from a closed state to an open state; or when the main control module judges that the trigger signal is from the second battery module and the first battery module is not connected, the power-on self-locking module is controlled to be switched from the closed state to the open state. Because the charging management of the battery module is controlled by the charging management module in the battery module, the battery pack does not need to participate in any work by the main control module.

The workflow of the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 16. Before the trigger signal from the first battery module signal terminal group or the second battery module signal terminal group is not received, the battery pack is in the sleep mode, and consumes little electric quantity. As shown in steps S0 and S2, once the first charging power module or the second charging power module receives an external charging energy input, the corresponding first battery module signal terminal group or second battery module signal terminal group transmits a high-level trigger signal to the adapter. The high-level trigger signal enables the power-on self-locking circuit to be switched from an open state to a closed state, and the main control module is powered on to start work. Then step S4 is entered.

And S4, judging whether the first battery module and the second battery module are connected to the adapter. If the judgment result is negative, the fact that only one battery module is connected in, the other battery module is not connected in the adapter is indicated, the battery module of the intervening adapter receives external charging energy input, and no other battery module needs a charging power supply module in the battery module to charge the battery module, so that a main control module in the adapter does not need to continuously work. At this time, step S18 is entered, and the main control module enters a sleep state with power down, i.e. a low power consumption state. If the determination result in step S4 is yes, the process proceeds to step S6. If the two battery modules are not connected to the adapter, the main control module cannot be electrified, and the judgment of whether the battery modules are connected to the adapter cannot be performed. There are many ways to determine whether the battery module is connected to the adapter, for example, whether the adapter is connected to the battery module is determined by determining whether the adapter signal terminal set receives a predetermined signal, or whether the adapter power supply terminal set receives a predetermined voltage, or by providing sensing elements in the battery module and the adapter, and whether the adapter is connected to the battery module is determined in a non-contact manner.

Step S6, judging whether the trigger signal comes from the first battery module. The main control module judges whether the trigger signal comes from the first battery module according to which input port the trigger signal comes from. And when the judgment result is yes, the first battery module and the second battery module are both connected into the adapter, and the first charging power supply module receives external charging energy input and is ready to start charging the first battery module. Considering that the second charging power module does not receive external charging energy input, the second battery module needs to introduce the electric energy of the first charging power module into the second battery module to charge the second battery module through the adapter when the second battery module needs to be charged. However, before the electric power of the first charging power source module is introduced into the second battery module, it is necessary to determine whether the first charging power source module is suitable for simultaneously charging the first battery module and the second battery module. Therefore, if the determination result in step S6 is yes, step S8 is first entered. If the judgment result in the step S6 is no, it indicates that both the first battery module and the second battery module are connected to the adapter, and the second charging power module receives external charging energy input, and is ready to start charging the second battery module. Considering that the first charging power module does not receive external charging energy input, the first battery module needs to introduce the electric energy of the second charging power module to the first battery module to charge the first battery module through the adapter when the first battery module is to be charged. However, before the electric power of the second charging power source module is introduced into the first battery module, it is necessary to determine whether the second charging power source module is suitable for simultaneously charging the first battery module and the second battery module. Therefore, if the determination result in step S6 is no, step S20 is first entered.

Step S8 and step S20 are both to acquire the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module, and judge that the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module meet preset conditions. The voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module are obtained as described above. The preset condition in step S8 is whether the voltage of the first battery module is not lower than the voltage of the second battery module. The preset condition in step S20 is whether the voltage of the second battery module is not lower than the voltage of the first battery module. In step S8, if the determination result is no, the process proceeds to step S9; if yes, the process proceeds to step S10. In step S20, if the determination result is no, the process proceeds to step S28; if yes, the process proceeds to step S22.

Step S10, the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly are closed, the first charging power module simultaneously charges the first battery module and the second battery module, and then step S12 is performed. Step S22, the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly are closed, and the second charging power module simultaneously charges the first battery module and the second battery module, and then step S24 is performed.

Step S9 and step S28 are both to obtain the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module. And then returning to the step S8 and the step S20 respectively, and continuing to judge that the voltage of the first battery module and the voltage of the second battery module meet the preset conditions.

In step S12, the main control module obtains the charging state of the second battery module. The acquisition mode is through the adapter second power terminal group or the adapter second signal terminal group. Step S14 is then performed, wherein the main control module determines whether the second battery module is full based on the charging state of the second battery module. The reason why whether the second battery module is fully charged is controlled by the main control module, but not by the second charging management module therein is that whether the first charging power module charges the second battery module is controlled by the main control module. Meanwhile, the charging process of the first battery module is controlled by the first charging management module in the first battery module, and the participation of the main control module is not needed. In step S24, the main control module obtains the charging state of the first battery module. The acquisition mode is that the first power supply terminal group of the adapter or the first signal terminal group of the adapter is used. Step S26 is then performed, in which the main control module determines whether the first battery module is full based on the charging state of the first battery module. The reason why whether the first battery module is fully charged is controlled by the main control module, but not by the first charging management module therein is that whether the second charging power module charges the first battery module is controlled by the main control module. Meanwhile, the charging process of the second battery module is controlled by the second charging management module in the second battery module, and the participation of the main control module is not needed.

If the determination results in step S14 and step S26 are yes, the flow proceeds to step S16. If the determination results in step S14 and step S26 are negative, the process returns to step S12 and step S24, respectively.

In step S16, the master control turns off the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly. And then controlling the power-on self-locking circuit to enter a disconnected state, powering down the main control module, and entering a dormant state, wherein the step S18 is shown.

The present invention also provides a tenth embodiment of the battery pack. The tenth embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 12 and 14. The battery pack comprises an adapter and a battery module, and the battery module is detachably mounted on the adapter. The battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells, a battery module power terminal group for outputting electric energy outwards and a battery module signal terminal group for outputting electric signals outwards. The adapter is detachably connected with the electric tool and provides electric energy of the battery module for the electric tool. The adapter also comprises an adapter power supply terminal group which is detachably connected with the battery module power supply terminal group, an adapter signal terminal group which is detachably connected with the battery module signal terminal group, a tool power supply terminal group which is detachably connected with the electric tool, a tool signal terminal group which is detachably connected with the electric tool, a main control module and a power-on self-locking circuit. The main control module consumes the electric energy of the battery module to start work. The power-on self-locking circuit is arranged between the main control module and the adapter power supply terminal group and can be selectively in an open state or a closed state. When the power-on self-locking circuit is in a disconnection state, the main control module is in a power-off state and enters a sleep mode. When the power-on self-locking circuit is in a closed state, the main control module is in a power-on state and starts working. When the power-on self-locking circuit receives an external trigger signal, the power-on self-locking circuit is switched from an open state to a closed state, and the main control module is correspondingly switched from a power-off state to a power-on state and starts working. The following describes the triggering condition of the power-on self-locking circuit from the open state to the closed state, respectively, with reference to fig. 12.

As shown in fig. 12, when the start switch S1 of the electric tool is closed, the diode D6 of the power-on self-locking circuit is grounded by the tool signal terminal group, and the G pole of the switch Q5 instantaneously obtains a low level signal, so that the switch Q5 is closed, and the power-on self-locking circuit is switched from the open state to the closed state.

With continued reference to fig. 12, when the first charging power module receives an external charging energy input, the adapter first signal terminal group outputs a high-level trigger signal to the power-on self-locking circuit, so that the switch T4 is closed instantaneously, the G pole of the switch Q5 is obtained a low-level signal instantaneously, and the switch Q5 is caused to be closed, and the power-on self-locking circuit is switched from an open state to a closed state. Similarly, when the second charging power supply module receives external charging energy input, the adapter second signal terminal group outputs a high-level trigger signal to the power-on self-locking circuit, so that the switch T4 is instantly closed, the G pole of the switch Q5 instantly obtains a low-level signal, the switch Q5 is prompted to be closed, and the power-on self-locking circuit is switched from an open state to a closed state.

After any one of the conditions triggers the power-on self-locking circuit to be switched from the open state to the closed state, the main control module starts to work and sends a control signal to the switch T3 of the power-on self-locking circuit, so that the switch T is continuously in the closed state, the G pole of the switch Q5 continuously obtains a low-level signal, the power-on self-locking circuit is continuously in the closed state, and the main control module continuously works. And once the main control module needs to enter a dormant state, the main control module sends a control signal to the switch T3 of the power-on self-locking circuit to enable the switch T to be switched from a closed state to an open state, so that the switch Q5 is opened, and the power-on self-locking circuit is switched from the closed state to the open state. The following describes the triggering conditions of the main control module that need to enter the sleep state in conjunction with fig. 12, 13a, 13b, and 16, respectively.

As shown in fig. 12, when the start switch S1 of the electric tool is turned off, the main control module detects that the start switch is turned off through the tool signal terminal set, and determines that the discharging process of the battery pack is finished, and the main control module needs to enter a sleep state.

As shown in fig. 12-13b, after the main control module determines that the battery module reaches the overdischarge protection condition, the discharge of the battery module is stopped, and then the battery module enters a sleep state.

As shown in fig. 12 and 16, when the main control module determines that only one battery module is connected, and the trigger signal is from the adapter signal terminal set and the non-tool signal terminal set, it indicates that the battery module is about to enter a charging mode and a non-discharging mode, and the charging power of the battery module is from the charging power module of the main control module. At this time, the main control module does not need to work continuously and enters a dormant state.

In the above embodiment, the battery pack can directly supply power to the electric tool, and the battery module in the battery pack can supply power to household equipment, so that the battery pack can supply power to the electric tool and also supply power to the household equipment, the universality of the battery pack is improved, the appearance of the existing electric tool and household equipment is not required to be changed, and the attractiveness of each product is not affected.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dc power source for powering a power tool, the dc power source comprising:

the energy storage module is used for nominal full charge voltage as a first preset voltage;

an electronic device interface for receiving an external power input;

the charging circuit is connected with the electronic equipment interface, converts a power supply input by the electronic equipment interface into a power supply suitable for charging the energy storage module, and charges the energy storage module;

The power input by the interface of the electronic equipment is lower than the first preset voltage, and the charging circuit judges that the capacity received by the energy storage module reaches more than 80% of the nominal capacity when the energy storage module is full and stops charging;

the charging circuit comprises a booster circuit, and the booster circuit lifts a power supply input by the electronic equipment interface to the first preset voltage;

the charging circuit comprises a main control module, a first charging branch and a second charging branch which are mutually connected in parallel, the first charging branch directly outputs the power input by the electronic equipment interface to the energy storage module, the second charging branch outputs the power input by the electronic equipment interface to the energy storage module after being boosted by the booster circuit, and the main control module detects the charging state of the direct current power supply and controls the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit to be selectively conducted according to the charging state.

2. The direct current power supply of claim 1, wherein the main control module controls the first charging branch to be turned on when the charging current is greater than a preset value, and controls the second charging branch to be turned on when the charging current is not greater than the preset value.

3. The direct current power supply of claim 1, wherein the boost circuit is implemented as a dedicated charging chip that outputs a charging current that is less than a ratio of a capacity of the direct current power supply to hours.

4. The dc power supply of claim 1, wherein the dc power supply is a battery pack that is removably coupled to the power tool to power the power tool.

5. The direct current power supply of claim 4, wherein the battery pack comprises an adapter and a battery module, the battery module being removably mated with the adapter.

6. The direct current power supply according to claim 1, wherein the direct current power supply is a battery module which forms a battery pack, the battery pack is detachably connected with the electric tool to supply power to the electric tool, and the battery module comprises a shell and a battery cell group accommodated in the shell.

7. The direct current power supply according to claim 6, wherein the electronic device interface is provided on the battery module.

8. The direct current power supply according to claim 1, wherein the electronic device interface is a USB TYPE-C interface, an input voltage of the USB TYPE-C interface is 20V, and the first preset voltage is between 20V and 21V.