CN113486920A - Ice coagulation early warning system of salt-storage asphalt pavement based on support vector machine - Google Patents
Ice coagulation early warning system of salt-storage asphalt pavement based on support vector machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an organic salt storage asphalt pavement ice-condensation early warning method which is suitable for ice-condensation early warning of organic salt storage asphalt pavements under an extremely low temperature condition. The early warning method is characterized in that meteorological information is collected, a freezing early warning algorithm established by machine learning is used for predicting the road surface state in a short time, and early warning is carried out through a system. The system comprises a weather collecting station, a management control terminal, information issuing equipment and the like. The logic of the ice condensation early warning is mainly divided into four parts, namely data acquisition, data processing, information release and decision processing. The system acquires information through a field meteorological acquisition station, calculates the predicted ice-freezing time of the current environment through an algorithm, judges whether the predicted ice-freezing time exceeds a set threshold value and gives an alarm to the system so as to inform related personnel in time and take corresponding auxiliary measures. When the problem of ice condensation is solved, the early warning can be automatically released. The invention makes up the defects of the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement in the extremely low temperature weather, and has stronger practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of road safety systems, provides an ice-condensation early warning method established based on a support vector machine regression algorithm, and relates to a winter ice-condensation early warning method suitable for an organic salt-storage asphalt pavement.
Background
In recent years, an active snow melting technique, namely salt-storing asphalt pavement, has been increasingly known and applied. The salt-storage ice-suppression material is added into the asphalt mixture in a form of replacing mineral powder, and the salt-storage asphalt pavement is paved. Under the repeated friction action of the vehicle, salt gradually seeps out under the action of osmotic pressure and capillary phenomenon, and the effect of delaying the road icing is achieved. The main component of the salt-storage asphalt pavement is a salt-storage ice suppression material, and when the main component of the salt-storage ice suppression material is organic salt, the pavement can have snow melting performance and environmental protection performance.
However, the effects of inhibiting and delaying ice coagulation of the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement are limited, and researches show that the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement can only delay ice coagulation of the pavement under the extreme climatic environmental conditions, and the pavement still has the ice coagulation risk. Therefore, the problem of road ice condensation still cannot be completely solved by the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement, and an ice condensation prediction algorithm of the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement still needs to be accurately constructed to accurately evaluate the ice melting efficiency of the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement so as to take corresponding ice and snow removal measures in time.
In consideration of the particularity of the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement, the ice-condensation early-warning algorithm aiming at the common pavement is obviously not suitable for the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement. At present, research on an ice-condensation early warning method for the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement and exploration on an early warning system for pavement ice-condensation in winter are still lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of road ice condensation in winter by adopting a comprehensive means aiming at the defects of an organic salt storage asphalt pavement in extreme weather, reduce the potential traffic safety hazard caused by road ice condensation, and provide an ice condensation early warning algorithm suitable for the organic salt storage asphalt pavement.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the organic salt storage asphalt pavement ice-condensation early warning algorithm based on the support vector machine can be applied to the ice-condensation early warning process of paving the organic salt storage asphalt pavement, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a weather monitoring station near the organic salt storage asphalt pavement needing early warning, and acquiring pavement environment information in real time by the monitoring station.
And S2, uploading the meteorological data to the system through the data transmission equipment, and starting the ice-freezing prediction algorithm by the system to obtain the predicted ice-freezing time of the meteorological conditions.
S3, the system judges according to the predicted ice-freezing time, judges whether the current road section is safe according to the ice-freezing time, if so, executes the step S4, otherwise, executes the step S5;
s4, prompting passing vehicles on the road through the variable information board, prompting the system indicator light to be yellow at the same time, prompting that the road surface still has a freezing danger and needs to be monitored for a long time, and continuously executing S1 after the system terminal confirms to receive the message;
and S5, early warning is carried out on the vehicles on the road through the variable information board, the road surface is prompted to be wet and slippery and easy to ice, and the vehicles are requested to slow down. Meanwhile, the system indicator light is prompted to be red to remind the staff to take measures in advance, and step S6 is executed after the ice condensation problem is judged to be processed;
and S6, releasing the variable information board early warning, turning off a system terminal alarm lamp, and continuously executing S1.
The organic salt storage asphalt pavement ice-condensation early warning system based on the support vector machine is a hardware basis realized by the method, and the system and the method are combined to realize the ice-condensation early warning of the organic salt storage asphalt pavement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the road ice early warning system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a logic flow of the basic implementation of the early warning method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a basic process of algorithmic modeling.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be fully described below with reference to the examples of the present invention.
Firstly, the complete description of the establishment and the realization of the ice-condensation early warning algorithm of the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement of the support vector machine is carried out.
The method mainly adopts a Support Vector Machine regression method to establish an early warning algorithm of the ice-setting time of the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement, the Support Vector Machine algorithm is a novel small sample learning method which has a solid theoretical foundation and is suitable for, and has certain generalization capability, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a generalized linear classifier which carries out binary classification on data according to a supervised learning mode, and the SVM can be obtained by popularizing the classification problem to the regression problem.
The method trains the ice-setting time data of the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement by an off-line method, and encapsulates the trained and parameter-adjusted algorithm into a module. Therefore, when the system executes the prediction algorithm, the module can be directly called, and the system inputs the preprocessed data into the stored algorithm to obtain the prediction result.
When the support vector machine establishes an algorithm, several types of commonly used kernel functions exist, the method comprehensively considers factors such as the interpretation degree and the accuracy of each kernel function on training data, training time and the like, and adopts a Gaussian kernel function as the kernel function of the algorithm, which is also called as a radial basis function.
Ice-condensation early warning time (T) established by support vector machinep) The solving process expression of (a) is as follows:
b is a natural constant;
xirepresenting a characteristic vector matrix consisting of three characteristic values of temperature, humidity and precipitation;
φ(xi) The expression kernel function performs the ascending dimension processing on the eigenvector matrix formed by the three eigenvalues, and the expression kernel function is a Gaussian radial basis kernel function.
An organic salt storage asphalt pavement ice-condensation early warning algorithm implementation based on a support vector machine comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: basic data collection
The salt separation condition of the organic salt storage asphalt pavement is calculated by testing the salt concentration of the common pavement and the organic salt storage asphalt pavement, the ice coagulation characteristic of the organic salt storage asphalt pavement is found, and the experimental data range is determined.
And simulating various environmental meteorological data and pavement ice-setting time data by a laboratory to obtain enough samples and remove abnormal sample data.
Step two: algorithm training
Firstly, preprocessing acquired meteorological data, unifying temperature, humidity and precipitation data to the same dimension by using standard deviation and average value, and establishing a characteristic matrix.
Setting a penalty constant C to be 1 and setting kernel functions to be Gaussian radial basis kernel functions, linear kernel functions and polynomial kernel functions respectively by using a support vector machine regression algorithm, and comparing Mean Square Error (MSE) and R of regression algorithms of different kernel functions2And determining an optimal kernel function.
Determining the optimal kernel function as a Gaussian radial basis kernel function, setting a gamma value range, and finding the maximum R2The corresponding gamma value is brought into the algorithm.
Setting the value range of the penalty constant C and finding the maximum R2And (4) bringing the corresponding penalty constant C into the algorithm, and storing the algorithm as a local module.
The ice-condensation early warning algorithm of the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement, which is established by the invention, can well predict the ice-condensation condition of the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement, and the accuracy of the ice-condensation prediction result is 95%, and the average error is only 6 minutes. Therefore, the system has stability and better prediction effect.
Step three: application of algorithms
And (3) carrying out feature extraction on the collected meteorological data, preprocessing the meteorological data, and obtaining the predicted ice-freezing time by using an algorithm.
Step four: early warning judgment
And judging whether the ice freezing time needs to be alarmed immediately or not and taking relevant measures. When early warning is needed, the ice-freezing time predicted by the system at the moment can meet the formula:
0<TP<Tc
Tcis a set alarm threshold.
TPPredicted ice freezing time for the system.
Step five: alarm handling
And obtaining a short-time ice-condensation time prediction result of the road surface state through an algorithm, namely whether the road surface is dangerous or not, and if so, immediately giving an alarm to vehicles passing through the road surface and system terminal management personnel. After taking measures, the alarm information can be closed, and the road surface state can be continuously monitored. If no danger exists temporarily, the road surface state is continuously monitored.
In addition, the algorithm can be regularly optimized according to the use condition, specifically:
the meteorological data and the ice-freezing time corresponding to the meteorological data are collected regularly and added into the algorithm training set, the algorithm database is updated regularly, algorithm parameters are adjusted, and the accuracy of the algorithm is improved.
And (3) judging road ice condensation alarm: the setting basis for determining the ice-condensation alarm threshold value of the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement in the research is as follows through the road ice early warning signal early warning time node of the meteorological department:
the road icing early warning signal is an early warning signal which is made by a meteorological department before the road icing arrives through meteorological monitoring. The road icing early warning signal has three levels which are respectively represented by yellow, orange and red.
When the temperature of the road surface is lower than 0 ℃, precipitation occurs, road icing which has great influence on traffic may occur or already occurs within 2 hours, and the road icing early warning level is red.
The invention adopts 2 hours as the division basis of the road surface safety state, and when the ice-freezing time predicted by the algorithm is less than two hours, the system gives an alarm to road surface traffic participants and traffic management personnel. When the traffic manager takes measures, the alarm can be automatically released. When the ice-freezing time predicted by the algorithm is more than two hours, the system reminds traffic managers to pay attention to the road surface state and keep alert.
The utility model provides an organic salt bituminous paving frozen ice early warning system based on support vector machine is according to the function of hardware, the design framework of system, including but not limited to basic hardware layer, data supporting layer, information application layer and terminal control layer etc..
An organic salt storage asphalt pavement ice-condensation early warning algorithm based on a support vector machine, the system comprises:
on-site weather monitoring and collecting station: the device mainly comprises a high-definition camera and a road ice condensation detector, can monitor the road ice condensation condition of a road network in real time, and collects current meteorological data through meteorological detectors such as temperature, humidity and the like.
The management monitoring center: the management monitoring center also comprises communication equipment required by data transmission and is specially responsible for analyzing, uploading and issuing communication protocols among different equipment.
The information issuing center: the road ice-freezing monitoring system is divided into two parts, one part is an application end for providing road ice-freezing information for field workers, so that managers in different road sections can monitor the ice-freezing condition of roads in the area governed by the managers in real time, and the accuracy and timeliness of executing ice-freezing treatment measures are realized. And one part of the road surface ice-condensation reminding device aims at the traffic participants on the road surface, and reminds the traffic participants to pay attention to the ice-condensation condition of the road surface in the modes of a variable information board, a yellow flashing warning lamp and the like.
The system management and maintenance center: and the internal management system is used for advanced scientific research personnel and system maintenance personnel. The management system is only accessible by an intranet and can be applied to adjusting a timely prediction algorithm to control the overall condition.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the method of the present invention. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An organic salt storage asphalt pavement ice-condensation early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, installing a weather monitoring station near the organic salt storage asphalt pavement needing early warning, wherein the monitoring station collects pavement environment information in real time;
s2, uploading meteorological data to a system through data transmission equipment, wherein the system uses an ice-freezing prediction algorithm to obtain the predicted ice-freezing time of the meteorological conditions;
s3, the system judges according to the predicted ice-freezing time, judges whether the current road section is safe according to the comparison of the ice-freezing time and a set alarm threshold value, if so, executes the step S4, otherwise, executes the step S5;
s4, prompting passing vehicles on the road through the variable information board, prompting that a system indicator light is yellow at the same time, prompting that the road surface still has a freezing danger and needs to be monitored for a long time, and continuously executing S1 after the system terminal confirms to receive the message;
s5, early warning is carried out on the vehicles on the road through a variable information board, the road surface is prompted to be wet and slippery and easy to ice, and the passing vehicles are requested to slow down; meanwhile, the early warning indicator light of the system is red to prompt the staff to take measures in advance, and when the ice condensation problem is judged to be processed, the step S6 is executed;
and S6, emptying the variable information board, turning off the alarm lamp of the system terminal, and continuing to execute S1.
2. The method for early warning of ice condensation on an organic salt-storage bituminous pavement according to claim 1, wherein the early-warned salt-storage bituminous pavement is different from a common bituminous pavement, ice condensation on the pavement can be inhibited and delayed at-5 ℃ or above, and the ice suppression effect of the salt-storage bituminous pavement is weakened below-5 ℃.
3. The method for early warning of ice accretion on the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement according to claim 1, wherein the early warning algorithm of ice accretion on the pavement is an algorithm established by obtaining experimental basic data, processing data and adjusting parameters according to the salt precipitation degree of the salt-storage asphalt pavement and based on the characteristics of the salt-storage asphalt pavement.
4. The method for early warning of ice condensation on organic salt-storage asphalt pavement according to claim 1, wherein T is TpPredicted freezing time for the System, TpThe solving process of (1) satisfies the formula:
wherein: b is a constant;
xirepresenting a characteristic vector matrix consisting of three characteristic values of temperature, humidity and precipitation;
φ(xi) And the representing kernel function performs the ascending dimension processing on the feature vector matrix.
5. The method for early warning of ice condensation on asphalt pavement with organic salt storage according to claim 1, wherein the safety range of the pavement is judged to be a set alarm threshold value Tc，TcAccording to the alarm threshold value determined by the grade of the meteorological early warning signal, the ice-freezing time predicted by the system and the alarm threshold value TcWhen the following formula is satisfied:
0＜TP＜Tc
and immediately giving an alarm to vehicles passing by the road and system terminal management personnel.
6. The method for early warning of ice condensation on the organic salt-storage asphalt pavement according to claim 1, wherein the algorithm execution process of the early warning of ice condensation on the pavement comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, preprocessing meteorological data uploaded by a meteorological station, and performing data standardization processing on various data based on an average value and a standard deviation; constructing a variable characteristic matrix;
(2) the system terminal calls a salt storage asphalt pavement ice-setting early warning algorithm based on a support vector machine, inputs a preprocessed data matrix and outputs the predicted salt storage asphalt pavement ice-setting time under the weather condition;
(3) obtaining a short-time prediction of the road surface state through an algorithm, namely whether the road surface has danger or not;
if the vehicle is present, the vehicle and the system terminal manager can be immediately alarmed; after taking measures, the alarm information can be closed, and the road surface state is continuously monitored; if no danger exists temporarily, the road surface state is continuously monitored.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the implemented hardware basis includes, but is not limited to, an on-site weather station for collecting data, a communication device for data storage and transmission, a data storage device, a control terminal, an information distribution device and a system periodic maintenance device.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the design architecture of the system includes, but is not limited to, a basic hardware layer, a data support layer, an information application layer, and a terminal control layer.
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| CN116559169A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-08-08 | 中南大学 | Real-time pavement state detection method |
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