CN113464087B - Selective water plugging method for bottom water reservoir high-water-cut oil well - Google Patents
Selective water plugging method for bottom water reservoir high-water-cut oil well Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/50—Compositions for plastering borehole walls, i.e. compositions for temporary consolidation of borehole walls
- C09K8/504—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/50—Compositions for plastering borehole walls, i.e. compositions for temporary consolidation of borehole walls
- C09K8/504—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/506—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/508—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/50—Compositions for plastering borehole walls, i.e. compositions for temporary consolidation of borehole walls
- C09K8/516—Compositions for plastering borehole walls, i.e. compositions for temporary consolidation of borehole walls characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. encapsulated material
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/84—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/845—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing inorganic compounds
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/84—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/86—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/88—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/92—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. encapsulated material
- C09K8/94—Foams
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- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/10—Nanoparticle-containing well treatment fluids
Abstract
The invention discloses a selective water plugging method for a bottom water reservoir high-water-cut oil well. And then the foam in the high permeability layer is cleaned by back drainage, so that the aims of temporarily blocking the low permeability and enabling the subsequent water plugging agent to enter the high permeability layer in an oriented manner are fulfilled. And then injecting a water shutoff agent, wherein the water shutoff agent establishes an artificial partition plate at a proper position in the water production layer to prevent bottom water from rising and inhibit bottom water coning. And finally, displacing the water shutoff agent out of a certain position near the well area through polymer solution displacement, ensuring certain liquid production capacity after plugging, preventing the injection pressure of the water injection well from being too high, and prolonging the effective period of the water shutoff agent. Under the combined action of the steps, the directional water shutoff is realized, and the problem that the yield is sharply reduced after the oil well is exposed to water in the early stage is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bottom water reservoir oil extraction engineering, in particular to a selective water plugging method for a bottom water reservoir high-water-cut oil well.
Background
After the oil gas with water body is transferred into reservoir, the oil in the reservoir is always above and below the water due to the gravity separation effect, and the reservoir can be divided into a side water reservoir and a bottom water reservoir according to the oil-water contact relation. Compared with other types of reservoirs, the oil-bearing area of a bottom-edge water reservoir can be in direct contact with the water body. In the middle and early stages of oil field development, bottom water can provide certain energy for oil reservoir development, so that the oil field is stable in yield; however, as the production is continued, the bottom water further invades the oil layer, so that the oil-water front edge is broken through, the formation water is lingered or tapered, the oil well starts to catch water, the waterless oil production period is shortened, the water content is increased rapidly, the oil production amount is reduced, the production degree is reduced, and the oil deposit effect is poor. Therefore, how to inhibit invasion and coning of the own water body of the bottom water reservoir is the key point of development.
The traditional water plugging method mainly comprises mechanical water plugging and chemical water plugging. Mechanical water plugging can accurately plug a water production layer, and deblocking is carried out when follow-up conditions allow for continuous operations such as oil production, well flushing and the like, but accurate knowledge of underground water outlet points/layers is required, and the cost is high. The chemical water plugging is mainly implemented by injecting chemicals into the underground to plug a water producing layer. The chemical water shutoff comprises selective water shutoff and non-selective water shutoff. The water shutoff agent used for non-selective water shutoff can cause blockage to both a water layer and an oil layer, and has no selectivity. During construction, a water layer position is found out, a proper process pipe column is selected, an oil layer is separated from a water layer, and then the water plugging agent is extruded into a high water-bearing layer to achieve the purpose of plugging; the non-selective water plugging of the oil well is mainly used for plugging a water outlet layer by cement paste, resin and the like at one time. Selective water shutoff refers to a chemical water shutoff measure which utilizes a chemical water shutoff agent to greatly reduce the water phase permeability and reduces or does not reduce the oil (gas) phase permeability and is called selective water shutoff; the mechanism is that the water shutoff agent utilizes the properties of oil, water and rock and the difference between oil outlet layers and water outlet layers to achieve selective water shutoff.
Patent CN104629698A discloses a water plugging method for bottom water reservoir, which adopts nitrogen to strengthen the gel plugging agent to plug the high permeability layer, but if the injection pressure exceeds the start pressure of the low permeability layer, the plugging agent will flow into the low permeability layer, causing damage to the low permeability layer. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a selective water plugging method for a high-water-cut oil well of a bottom water reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a selective water plugging method for a bottom water reservoir high-water-cut oil well, aiming at the problems of difficult water plugging and poor water plugging effect of the existing bottom water reservoir.
The invention provides a selective water plugging method for a bottom water reservoir high-water-cut oil well, which comprises the following steps:
s1, injecting nitrogen into the stratum at high speed and high pressure through an injection well, pressing down a water cone at the bottom of the well, increasing the pressure of an oil producing layer, and enabling a subsequent water plugging agent to enter high permeability preferentially.
S2, after a bottom water cone is pressed down, injecting four mixed solutions of a foaming agent, a high molecular solution, a foam stabilizer and a cross-linking agent into the well, mixing the mixed solution with the nitrogen injected in the step S1 in a porous medium, and forming gel foam in the stratum.
The high molecular solution is polyacrylamide solution with the mass percentage content of 0.3-0.4%. The foaming agent is fatty alcohol ether sodium sulfate. The foam stabilizer is hydrophobic modified nano SiO modified by brominated N, N-dimethyl ferrocenyl hexadecyl methyl ammonium salt 2 And (3) particles. The cross-linking agent is a composite cross-linking agent of organic chromium and phenolic resin according to the mass ratio of 3; the crosslinking time of the composite crosslinking agent and polyacrylamide is less than that of foamingAgent and gas form a foam half-life.
And S3, opening the well for flowback, replacing a small oil nozzle, opening the well for production for 3-8 hours at low production pressure difference, promoting the formation of foam, enabling the foam of the high-permeability layer to preferentially flowback due to the low production pressure difference, and simultaneously temporarily plugging the low-permeability layer, so that the subsequent water plugging agent can preferentially enter the high-permeability layer.
And S4, injecting a water shutoff agent, enabling the water shutoff agent to directionally enter a water production layer, and establishing an artificial partition plate to realize intelligent selective water shutoff.
The screening of the water shutoff agent simultaneously needs to have the following conditions:
(1) The water shutoff agent is integrally solidified or gelled;
(2) The water shutoff agent is in a molecular or ion dispersion form, and the reaction time is long;
(3) The plugging agent used near the well must ensure that the plugging agent is not produced under a large production pressure difference;
(4) The far well uses the plugging agent with weak strength, and the near well uses the plugging agent with high strength.
The dosage of the water shutoff agent can be calculated according to the following formula:
q＝π(2r) 2 hφ
in the formula: q-total amount of water shutoff agent, m 3 (ii) a r-plugging radius, m; phi-oil layer porosity,%; h-spacer thickness, m.
And S5, replacing by adopting a polymer solution, preventing the injection pressure of the water injection well from being too high, and prolonging the validity period of the water shutoff agent.
Through the five steps, temporary plugging can be realized to keep a low-permeability oil layer, the capability of the water plugging agent for directionally entering a high-permeability water production layer is improved, and an artificial partition plate is formed at a proper position to effectively plug water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) Injecting nitrogen into the underground at high speed and high pressure, wherein the nitrogen enters to press the water cone, so that the subsequent water plugging agent can conveniently enter a high permeability layer;
(2) The nitrogen used for pressing the cone becomes the air source of the foam temporary plugging agent injected subsequently, and the foam generated after the foaming agent is injected can enhance the effect of pressing the cone; by injecting a foaming agent solution and forming foam with density higher than that of nitrogen, the cone pressing effect can be further enhanced after the foam enters a water producing layer, a protective oil layer can be temporarily blocked, and a subsequent water blocking agent is ensured to accurately enter a high-permeability water producing layer;
(3) The injected mixed solution contains foaming agent, high molecular solution, foam stabilizer and cross-linking agent simultaneously to generate gel foam, thereby effectively increasing the stability and strength of the foam and simultaneously increasing the oil resistance of the foam.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the formation under initial flooding conditions.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the formation after the nitrogen injection pressure cone.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the formation after injecting a mixed solution of a foaming agent, a polymer solution, a foam stabilizer and a crosslinking agent.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the formation conditions at low drawdown with a small nozzle tip.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the formation after injection of an artificial barrier.
In the figure, 1-low-permeability oil production layer, 2-high-permeability water production layer, 3-bottom water body, 4-nitrogen injection, 5-foaming agent injection, high molecular solution injection, gel foam generated after foam stabilizer and cross linker injection, and 6-artificial partition generated after water shutoff agent injection.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example 1
The selective water plugging method for the bottom water reservoir high-water-cut oil well comprises the following specific steps:
as shown in figure 1, along with the long-time water injection production, the oil well enters a high water-cut stage, bottom water invasion is serious, water cones are generated, and water flooding occurs in a lower high-permeability layer.
At the moment, as shown in fig. 2, nitrogen is injected into the underground at high speed and high pressure through the oil pipe, at the moment, the nitrogen preferentially enters the high-permeability layer, the pressure of the high-permeability layer is improved, the invaded water is driven to the lower part by the entering of the nitrogen, the purpose of pressing the water cone downwards is achieved, and conditions can be created for the entering of the subsequent water plugging agent. Since nitrogen is injected into the formation at high velocity and high pressure, a portion of the nitrogen also enters the hypotonic layer, which further increases the pressure within the hypotonic layer itself. Compared with a high permeability layer, the low permeability layer has slower pressure conduction and slow pressure drop speed in unit time, which leads to the gradual increase of the difference of the internal pressures of the high and low permeability layers after gas injection, so that the subsequent water plugging agent can directionally enter a high permeability water production layer under certain injection pressure.
Then, a mixed solution (a mixed solution of a foaming agent, a polymer solution, a foam stabilizer and a crosslinking agent) is injected into the well at a high speed, as shown in fig. 3. After the foaming agent enters the stratum, the foaming agent and the nitrogen injected from the upper section of plug are mixed in the porous medium to form gel foam, and after the foam is formed in the high permeability layer, the foaming agent and the foam have the density larger than that of the nitrogen, so that the effect of the nitrogen pressure cone can be further enhanced. Meanwhile, the high-permeability layer forms foam, so that the permeability of the high-permeability layer is reduced, the mixed solution starts to enter the low-permeability layer and is mixed with nitrogen in the low-permeability layer to generate foam, and temporary blocking protection is generated on the low-permeability layer. Preferably, the polymer solution may be 0.3% to 0.4% HPAM solution. The foaming agent is fatty alcohol ether sodium sulfate (AES). The foam stabilizer is hydrophobically modified nano SiO modified by using brominated N, N-dimethylferrocenyl hexadecyl methyl ammonium salt (Fc 16 AB) 2 And (3) particles. The cross-linking agent is a composite cross-linking system (organic chromium: phenolic resin = 3. The crosslinking time of the composite crosslinking agent and the polyacrylamide is less than the half-life period of foam formed by the foaming agent and gas, so that the crosslinking agent and the polyacrylamide can be subjected to crosslinking reaction only when a small amount of foam is broken.
After a certain amount of mixed solution is injected, the choke nozzle is changed, and the well is opened to produce for 3-8 hours at low production pressure difference, as shown in figure 4. During flowback, the high-permeability layer and the low-permeability layer both have output trends, fluid in the stratum flows towards the direction of a shaft, the nitrogen is easier to transport because the viscosity of the nitrogen is far less than that of a mixed solution and generated gel foam, and the nitrogen is transported to the vicinity of the shaft from a position slightly far away from the shaft during flowback and is further fully mixed with solutions such as foaming agents and the like, so that the foam generation quality is improved, and the temporary plugging and cone pressing effects are enhanced; in addition, because the starting pressure difference of the high permeability layer is smaller than that of the low permeability layer, when the low production pressure difference is used for production, foam in the high permeability layer can be preferentially discharged back, the pressure in the high permeability layer is reduced, the pressure difference between the low permeability layer and the high permeability layer is improved, and the subsequent directional entering of the water plugging agent into the high permeability layer is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 5, after the above steps, injecting a water plugging agent into the stratum to establish an artificial partition plate, and enabling the water plugging agent to directionally enter a water producing layer to realize intelligent selective water plugging. The water shutoff agent screening conditions are as follows:
(1) The blocking agent is an integral blocking agent, namely the blocking agent is integrally solidified or gelled.
(2) The water shutoff agent used is preferably in the form of a molecular or ionic dispersion, and the reaction time is sufficiently long.
(3) The water plugging agent is of a combined type, and the strength of the water plugging agent is high enough.
(4) The plugging agent used near the well must ensure that it is not produced at large production pressure differentials.
(5) The configuration and construction of the water shutoff agent are simple and easy to operate, and the construction risk is small.
(6) The water shutoff agent has low cost and wide source.
(7) The plugging agent for establishing the partition plate can be used as a plugging agent with weak strength in a far well, and can be used as a plugging agent with high strength in a near well.
The dosage of the water shutoff agent can be calculated according to the following formula:
q＝π(2r) 2 hφ
in the formula: q-total amount of blocking agent, m 3 (ii) a r-plugging radius, m; phi-oil layer porosity,%; h-spacer thickness, m.
And finally, using a polymer solution for replacing, and replacing the water plugging agent out of a certain position near the well area by replacing, so that certain liquid production capacity is ensured after plugging, the over-high injection pressure of the water injection well is prevented, and the effective period of the water plugging agent is prolonged.
Under the combined action of the steps, intelligent selective water shutoff of the oil well with high water content in the bottom water reservoir can be realized, and the problem that the yield is sharply reduced after water breakthrough in the oil well is solved.
Example 2
The water plugging method is applied to a specific high-water-cut oil well of a bottom water reservoir. The specific method comprises the following steps:
s1, injecting nitrogen into the well at high speed and high pressure to enable the nitrogen to enter a high-permeability water production layer, and driving the invaded water to the lower part due to the entering of the nitrogen to achieve the purpose of pressing down the water cone and provide conditions for subsequent operation. According to the gel foam system research, the optimal nitrogen dosage is twice of the volume of the mixed solution injected in the step S2, and the volume of the mixed solution is calculated according to the formula: q = pi R 2 h phi, where R =10m, h =2m, phi =0.3. The nitrogen injection amount is converted into ground volume by adopting the equation of state PV = nRT, and the gas injection speed is controlled to be 600-900m 3 The gas injection pressure is higher than the formation pressure.
S2, injecting a mixed solution of a foaming agent, HPAM, a cross-linking agent and a foam stabilizer into the well, wherein the foaming agent is fatty alcohol ether sodium sulfate, and the mass concentration of the foaming agent is 1%; the mass concentration of HPAM is 0.3% -0.4%; the crosslinking agent is a composite crosslinking system (organic chromium: phenolic resin = 3. The crosslinking time of the composite crosslinking agent and the polyacrylamide is less than the half-life of foam formed by a foaming agent and gas, so that the crosslinking agent and the polyacrylamide can be subjected to crosslinking reaction only when a small amount of foam is broken, and the mass concentration is 0.1%; the foam stabilizer is hydrophobically modified nano SiO modified by using brominated N, N-dimethylferrocenyl hexadecyl methyl ammonium salt (Fc 16 AB) 2 The mass concentration of the particles is 0.1 percent. The injection amount of the mixed solution was calculated by the formula in step S1 and was about 188.4m 3 。
And S3, after the mixed solution is injected, replacing a small oil nozzle, opening the well for production for 3-8 hours by using the production pressure difference slightly larger than the starting pressure difference of the high permeability layer, fully mixing nitrogen in the stratum with a foaming agent, and discharging foam in the high permeability layer.
S4, after the steps are finished, injecting a partition board water shutoff agent, wherein the water shutoff agent adopts the temperature-resistant salt-tolerant high-temperature self-crosslinking in the patent CN104449618B to polymerize in situAnd (5) closing the water plugging gel. The dosage of the water plugging agent adopts a formula q = pi (2 r) 2 h φ calculation, where r =10m, h =2m, φ =0.3, the injection amount is about 753.6m 3 . Because the low-permeability layer is temporarily blocked, the blocking agent only enters the high-permeability layer after being injected into the stratum, transversely extends in the high-permeability layer, and establishes the artificial partition plate at a proper position. The breakthrough pressure gradient of the plugging agent in the rock core is more than 9MPa/m, and the plugging rate reaches 99 percent.
And S5, replacing by using the HPAM polymer solution, wherein the viscosity of the replacing fluid is larger than that of the replaced fluid, and the replacing also replaces the plugging agent out of a certain position close to the well area, so that certain fluid production capacity is ensured after plugging, the over-high injection pressure of the water injection well is prevented, and the effective period of the plugging agent is prolonged.
By adopting the process, the water content of the well is reduced by 18.9 percent, and the water plugging effect is good.
In summary, the water shutoff method of the present invention injects a nitrogen pressure cone into the wellbore, and then injects a mixed solution of a foaming agent, a polymer solution, a foam stabilizer and a crosslinking agent to form a gel foam in the formation. And then the foam in the high permeability layer is cleaned by back drainage, so that the aims of temporarily blocking the low permeability and enabling the subsequent water plugging agent to enter the high permeability layer in an oriented manner are fulfilled. And then injecting a water shutoff agent, wherein the water shutoff agent establishes an artificial partition plate at a proper position in the water production layer to prevent bottom water from rising and inhibit bottom water coning. And finally, displacing the water plugging agent out of a certain position of a near wellbore zone through polymer solution displacement, ensuring certain liquid production capacity after plugging, preventing the injection pressure of the water injection well from being too high, and prolonging the effective period of the water plugging agent.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The selective water plugging method for the high-water-cut oil well of the bottom water reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps
S1, injecting nitrogen into a stratum through an injection well, and pressing down a well bottom water cone;
s2, injecting four mixed solutions of a foaming agent, a high molecular solution, a foam stabilizer and a cross-linking agent into the well, mixing the mixed solution with the nitrogen injected in the step S1 in a porous medium, and forming gel foam in the stratum;
s3, opening a well for flowback, replacing a small oil nozzle, opening the well for production for 3-8 hours at low production pressure difference, promoting the formation of foam, and simultaneously leading the foam of a high-permeability layer to preferentially flowback due to the low production pressure difference so as to temporarily block the low-permeability layer;
s4, injecting a water shutoff agent, enabling the water shutoff agent to directionally enter a water production layer, and establishing an artificial partition plate to realize intelligent selective water shutoff;
and S5, performing displacement, preventing the injection pressure of the water injection well from being too high, and prolonging the validity period of the water shutoff agent.
2. The selective water plugging method for the bottom water reservoir high water cut oil well as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polymer solution is 0.3-0.4% by mass of polyacrylamide solution.
3. The selective water shutoff method for the bottom water reservoir high water cut oil well according to claim 2, characterized in that the foaming agent is a sodium salt of fatty alcohol ether sulfate.
4. The selective water shutoff method for the bottom water reservoir high-water-cut oil well as defined in claim 3, characterized in that the foam stabilizer is nanometer SiO hydrophobically modified by N, N-dimethyl ferrocenyl hexadecyl methyl ammonium bromide 2 And (3) granules.
5. The selective water shutoff method for the bottom water reservoir high water cut oil well according to claim 4, characterized in that the cross-linking agent is a composite cross-linking agent of organic chromium and phenolic resin according to a mass ratio of 3; the crosslinking time of the composite crosslinking agent and the polyacrylamide is less than the half-life of the foam formed by the foaming agent and the gas.
6. The selective water shutoff method for the bottom water reservoir high water cut oil well according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the water shutoff agent is calculated according to the following formula:
q＝π(2r) 2 hφ
in the formula: q-total amount of water shutoff agent, m 3 (ii) a r-plugging radius, m; phi-oil layer porosity,%; h-spacer thickness, m.
7. The selective water plugging method for the bottom water reservoir high water cut oil well according to claim 6, wherein the water plugging agent screening simultaneously needs to meet the following conditions:
(1) The water shutoff agent is integrally solidified or gelatinized;
(2) The water shutoff agent is in a molecular or ion dispersion form, and the reaction time is long;
(3) The plugging agent used near the well must ensure that the plugging agent is not produced under large production pressure difference;
(4) The far well uses a plugging agent with weak strength, and the near well uses a plugging agent with high strength.
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| CN115059430B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-23 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Selective cone pressing water plugging method for oil well of side bottom water reservoir |
| CN115074098A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-09-20 | 西南石油大学 | Preparation and application of double-crosslinking nano reinforced foam gel water shutoff agent |
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