CN113449154A - FMEA (failure mode and effects analysis) method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a FMEA (failure mode and effects analysis) method and a FMEA system. The method comprises the following steps: determining a product structure and a current process route; dividing the devices in the product structure according to the functions of different devices in the product structure; the dividing structure is a virtual part, a black box part or a follow-up part; respectively determining a function tree of the virtual part and a function tree of the black box part according to the product structure and the current process route; determining a failure tree of the virtual part and a failure tree of the black box part according to the function tree of the virtual part and the function tree of the black box part; determining the risk and the risk reason for completing the product according to the current process route according to the failure tree; and returning to the step of determining the product structure and the current process route, and updating the process route. The invention can quickly locate the position and reason of failure and improve the efficiency and quality of product design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of failure analysis, in particular to an FMEA (failure mode and effects analysis) method and an FMEA system.
Background
Failure mode and impact analysis, i.e., "latent failure mode and consequence analysis", or simply FMEA. FMEA is a systematic activity of analyzing subsystems and parts constituting a product one by one in a product design stage and a process design stage to find out all potential failure modes and analyze possible consequences thereof, thereby taking necessary measures in advance to improve the quality and reliability of the product.
However, due to the complexity and diversity of the product structure, the position and the reason of failure cannot be quickly located in the existing FMEA analysis method, and a phenomenon control measure cannot be timely adopted, so that the quality of the product is not met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an FMEA (failure mode and effects analysis) method and an FMEA system, which can be used for rapidly positioning the position and the reason of failure and improving the efficiency and the quality of product design.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a method of FMEA analysis, comprising:
determining a product structure and a current process route;
dividing the devices in the product structure according to the functions of different devices in the product structure; the dividing structure is a virtual part, a black box part or a follow-up part; the virtual part is a device which has no actual function and can directly transfer the function of the superior product structure to the subordinate product structure; the black box part is a structure which meets the functional requirements of the current product design; the edge part is an existing structure in a product;
respectively determining a function tree of the virtual part and a function tree of the black box part according to the product structure and the current process route; the function tree is the relationship between the functions of the upper-level product structure and the lower-level product structure;
determining a failure tree of the virtual part and a failure tree of the black box part according to the function tree of the virtual part and the function tree of the black box part;
determining the risk and the risk reason for completing the product according to the current process route according to the failure tree; and returning to the step of determining the product structure and the current process route, and updating the process route.
Optionally, the determining the failure tree of the virtual component and the failure tree of the black box component according to the function tree of the virtual component and the function tree of the black box component specifically includes:
describing the failure corresponding to each function in the function tree;
and determining the relation between the failure of the upper-level product structure and the failure of the lower-level product structure, and generating a failure tree.
Optionally, the determining the risk and the risk cause of completing the product according to the current process route according to the failure tree further includes:
and generating a failure map according to the risk of the finished product and the risk reason of the current process route, and performing dynamic maintenance.
An FMEA analysis system, comprising:
the product determining module is used for determining a product structure and a current process route;
the product dividing module is used for dividing the devices in the product structure according to the functions of different devices in the product structure; the dividing structure is a virtual part, a black box part or a follow-up part; the virtual part is a device which has no actual function and can directly transfer the function of the superior product structure to the subordinate product structure; the black box part is a structure which meets the functional requirements of the current product design; the edge part is an existing structure in a product;
the function tree determining module is used for respectively determining a function tree of the virtual part and a function tree of the black box part according to the product structure and the current process route; the function tree is the relationship between the functions of the upper-level product structure and the lower-level product structure;
the failure tree determining module is used for determining the failure tree of the virtual piece and the failure tree of the black box piece according to the function tree of the virtual piece and the function tree of the black box piece;
the analysis module is used for determining the risk and the risk reason of finishing the product according to the current process route according to the failure tree; and returning to the step of determining the product structure and the current process route, and updating the process route.
Optionally, the failure tree determining module specifically includes:
the failure description unit is used for describing the failure corresponding to each function in the function tree;
and the failure tree determining unit is used for determining the relationship between the failure of the upper-level product structure and the failure of the lower-level product structure to generate a failure tree.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and the failure map determining and maintaining module is used for generating a failure map according to the risk of the finished product of the current process route and the risk reason and performing dynamic maintenance.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides an FMEA (failure mode and effects analysis) method and an FMEA analysis system, which are designed for quickly searching a specific position and possible reasons of a certain failure and quickly taking phenomenon control measures for prevention, so that a product design drawing better meets the actual business requirements through a virtual layer marking function, and meanwhile, a virtual layer product and an actual function product can be clearly distinguished in the product structure design, so that the product design is more reasonable, redundancy is avoided, design responsibility is quickly distinguished through a black box sub-piece function, and waste of design work and the requirement that the product quality is not satisfied due to the non-speciality of the design are avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a FMEA analysis method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a black box member;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a virtual part structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a failure map;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an FMEA analysis system provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an FMEA (failure mode and effects analysis) method and an FMEA system, which can be used for rapidly positioning the position and the reason of failure and improving the efficiency and the quality of product design.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an FMEA analysis method provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the FMEA analysis method provided by the present invention includes:
s101, determining a product structure and a current process route;
s102, dividing the devices in the product structure according to the functions of different devices in the product structure; the dividing structure is a virtual part, a black box part or a follow-up part; the virtual part is a device which has no actual function and can directly transfer the function of the superior product structure to the subordinate product structure; the black box part is a structure which meets the functional requirements of the current product design; the edge part is an existing structure in a product; that is, the structure name without actual function requirement is marked as a virtual part, and as shown in fig. 3, the structure name with function requirement but without design responsibility is marked as a black box part, and as shown in fig. 2.
S103, respectively determining a function tree of the virtual part and a function tree of the black box part according to the product structure and the current process route; the function tree is the relationship between the functions of the upper-level product structure and the lower-level product structure;
s104, determining a failure tree of the virtual piece and a failure tree of the black box piece according to the function tree of the virtual piece and the function tree of the black box piece;
s104 specifically comprises the following steps:
describing the failure corresponding to each function in the function tree;
and determining the relation between the failure of the upper-level product structure and the failure of the lower-level product structure, and generating a failure tree.
As a specific embodiment, according to the principle of transmitting the structural functions of the product from top to bottom, the FMEA team member judges from the professional perspective which lower level structural functions need to be supported by the current structural functions in the upper level functional failure matrix to realize the function, and if the support relationship exists, the FMEA team member can perform double-click correlation on the functional failure matrix to generate the correlation relationship between the function and the failure, namely the failure tree.
S105, determining the risk and the risk reason for completing the product according to the current process route according to the failure tree; and returning to the step of determining the product structure and the current process route, and updating the process route. And dynamically updating the failure tree.
After S105, further comprising:
and generating a failure map according to the risk of the finished product and the risk reason of the current process route, and performing dynamic maintenance.
The failure map is shown in fig. 4, and the failure map function can be used for quickly searching the failure specific reference information in the FMEA, which has the unique identification failure number, and quickly checking the failure reason and the current control measure of each different reference node position; focusing risks before failure occurs and well performing error prevention; and after failure occurs, the position information quoted by FMEA failure analysis and detailed failure reason analysis can be checked in a reversible way, the teaching is updated to the corresponding FMEA, and then the failure control experience is transversely expanded to other products, so that the purpose of risk prevention and recurrence is achieved. The virtual parts are marked in the structural design of the product, so that the functions of the product can be reasonably displayed, and the redundant design is avoided. The black box is marked in the product structure design, so that the design responsibility can be clearly distinguished, and the product design efficiency and quality are improved.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an FMEA analysis system provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the FMEA analysis system provided by the present invention includes:
a product determining module 501, configured to determine a product structure and a current process route;
a product dividing module 502, configured to divide devices in the product structure according to functions of different devices in the product structure; the dividing structure is a virtual part, a black box part or a follow-up part; the virtual part is a device which has no actual function and can directly transfer the function of the superior product structure to the subordinate product structure; the black box part is a structure which meets the functional requirements of the current product design; the edge part is an existing structure in a product;
a function tree determining module 503, configured to determine a function tree of the virtual component and a function tree of the black box component according to the product structure and the current process route; the function tree is the relationship between the functions of the upper-level product structure and the lower-level product structure;
a failure tree determining module 504, configured to determine a failure tree of the virtual component and a failure tree of the black box component according to the function tree of the virtual component and the function tree of the black box component;
an analysis module 505, configured to determine, according to the failure tree, a risk and a risk cause of completing a product according to the current process route; and returning to the step of determining the product structure and the current process route, and updating the process route.
The failure tree determining module 504 specifically includes:
the failure description unit is used for describing the failure corresponding to each function in the function tree;
and the failure tree determining unit is used for determining the relationship between the failure of the upper-level product structure and the failure of the lower-level product structure to generate a failure tree.
The invention provides an FMEA analysis system, further comprising:
and the failure map determining and maintaining module is used for generating a failure map according to the risk of the finished product of the current process route and the risk reason and performing dynamic maintenance.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method of FMEA analysis, comprising:
determining a product structure and a current process route;
dividing the devices in the product structure according to the functions of different devices in the product structure; the dividing structure is a virtual part, a black box part or a follow-up part; the virtual part is a device which has no actual function and can directly transfer the function of the superior product structure to the subordinate product structure; the black box part is a structure which meets the functional requirements of the current product design; the edge part is an existing structure in a product;
respectively determining a function tree of the virtual part and a function tree of the black box part according to the product structure and the current process route; the function tree is the relationship between the functions of the upper-level product structure and the lower-level product structure;
determining a failure tree of the virtual part and a failure tree of the black box part according to the function tree of the virtual part and the function tree of the black box part;
determining the risk and the risk reason for completing the product according to the current process route according to the failure tree; and returning to the step of determining the product structure and the current process route, and updating the process route.
2. A FMEA analysis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said determining the failure tree of the virtual component and the failure tree of the black box component according to the function tree of the virtual component and the function tree of the black box component specifically comprises:
describing the failure corresponding to each function in the function tree;
and determining the relation between the failure of the upper-level product structure and the failure of the lower-level product structure, and generating a failure tree.
3. A FMEA analysis method as in claim 1, wherein said determining risk and cause of risk of completing a product according to a current process route according to a failure tree further comprises:
and generating a failure map according to the risk of the finished product and the risk reason of the current process route, and performing dynamic maintenance.
4. An FMEA analysis system, comprising:
the product determining module is used for determining a product structure and a current process route;
the product dividing module is used for dividing the devices in the product structure according to the functions of different devices in the product structure; the dividing structure is a virtual part, a black box part or a follow-up part; the virtual part is a device which has no actual function and can directly transfer the function of the superior product structure to the subordinate product structure; the black box part is a structure which meets the functional requirements of the current product design; the edge part is an existing structure in a product;
the function tree determining module is used for respectively determining a function tree of the virtual part and a function tree of the black box part according to the product structure and the current process route; the function tree is the relationship between the functions of the upper-level product structure and the lower-level product structure;
the failure tree determining module is used for determining the failure tree of the virtual piece and the failure tree of the black box piece according to the function tree of the virtual piece and the function tree of the black box piece;
the analysis module is used for determining the risk and the risk reason of finishing the product according to the current process route according to the failure tree; and returning to the step of determining the product structure and the current process route, and updating the process route.
5. The FMEA analysis system of claim 4, wherein the failure tree determination module specifically includes:
the failure description unit is used for describing the failure corresponding to each function in the function tree;
and the failure tree determining unit is used for determining the relationship between the failure of the upper-level product structure and the failure of the lower-level product structure to generate a failure tree.
6. A FMEA analysis system according to claim 4, further comprising:
and the failure map determining and maintaining module is used for generating a failure map according to the risk of the finished product of the current process route and the risk reason and performing dynamic maintenance.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114564855A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-05-31 | 希维科技(广州)有限公司 | Operation method based on incidence relation of FMEA data nodes and electronic equipment |
| CN114564854A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-05-31 | 希维科技(广州)有限公司 | Operation method and equipment of data node supporting FMEA bidirectional relationship tree |
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