CN113438033A - Underwater electric field communication device based on friction nano generator and use method - Google Patents
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- CN113438033A CN113438033A CN202110621315.8A CN202110621315A CN113438033A CN 113438033 A CN113438033 A CN 113438033A CN 202110621315 A CN202110621315 A CN 202110621315A CN 113438033 A CN113438033 A CN 113438033A
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
- H04B13/02—Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the earth or a large mass of water thereon, e.g. earth telegraphy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides an underwater electric field communication device based on a friction nano generator and a using method thereof, and relates to the field of underwater electric field communication. The electric field signal generated by the method is transmitted stably under water without being influenced by the turbidity of the obstacles and the water, and can be used for closed water areas, water pipes, tunnels and other complex water areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of underwater electric field communication, in particular to an underwater electric field communication device based on a friction nano generator and a use method.
Background
The underwater wireless communication is a key technology for developing a marine observation system, and by means of the marine observation system, data related to oceanography can be collected, environmental pollution and climate change seabed abnormal earthquake volcanic activity can be monitored, seabed targets can be explored, and remote image transmission can be carried out. As the demand for marine exploration increases, the development of underwater equipment and technology has attracted considerable attention. Underwater wireless communication is essential for marine exploration.
There are several underwater communication methods based on different physical fields, such as sound field, light field and electromagnetic field. Among these methods, since acoustic waves are not easily absorbed in water, underwater acoustic communication is widely used, underwater optical communication can realize large-capacity data transmission, electromagnetic waves are not affected by conditions such as turbulence, noise, muddy water, and the like caused by tides or human activities, and underwater electric field communication also has a high transmission rate and a low communication delay, compared with acoustic waves and optical waves.
However, the soundfield communication method has limitations in complicated water environments such as closed spaces, narrow pipes, tunnels and caves due to echoes and reverberation. The optical field communication method is susceptible to absorption, scattering, beam divergence and ambient light by water. High frequency electromagnetic waves used in the electromagnetic field communication method are absorbed by water in large quantities, and low frequency electromagnetic waves require antennas several kilometers long. In summary, an underwater communication device which is not affected by a complex water environment and the communication content of which is not absorbed by water is to be invented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an underwater electric field communication device based on a friction nano generator and a use method thereof, and solves the problem that the existing underwater communication mode is influenced by a complex environment.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an electric field communication device under water based on friction nanometer generator, transmitting electrode, water channel, receiving electrode and signal reception equipment, friction nanometer generator one side is connected the power, and the opposite side is provided with the dielectric layer, back electrode, frictional layer and the metal electrode that the dielectric layer set gradually by friction nanometer generator side direction outside, back electrode ground connection, the frictional layer with the parallel contactless placement of metal electrode, metal electrode connects the transmitting electrode, transmitting electrode arranges the aquatic in, links to each other with the receiving electrode of arranging the aquatic in through the water channel, receiving electrode connects signal reception equipment.
Preferably, the signal receiving device is an electrostatic induction device.
Preferably, the friction layer uses a strong electronegative material.
Preferably, a strong positive material is used for the metal electrode.
An application method of an underwater electric field communication device based on a friction nanometer generator is realized based on any one of the devices, and comprises the following steps:
applying external force to the friction nano generator to make the metal electrode of the friction nano generator and the friction layer perform contact separation movement, so that negative charges are generated on the surface of the friction layer, and the back electrode is grounded or connected with a conductive object to serve as an induction charge library;
placing the metal electrode and the dielectric material in parallel to establish a built-in electric field
The friction layer and the metal electrode move relatively, and charges in the induction charge library flow to the metal electrode through the built-in electric field;
connecting the metal electrode with an emitting electrode, wherein electrons in the metal electrode flow to the emitting electrode;
the surface potential of the transmitting electrode changes, so that an alternating electric field is formed in the water;
ions in the water generate reciprocating motion along with the alternation of the alternating electric field and impact a receiving electrode;
the receiving electrode induces the change condition of the electric field in the water, the electric potential of the receiving electrode is changed and converted into an electric signal to be transmitted to the signal receiving equipment;
the signal receiving apparatus receives a signal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the friction nano generator device is arranged, alternating electric fields are generated in water by alternating current signals output by the friction nano generator, the transmission of the generated underwater electric fields is not influenced by the density, temperature, turbidity, noise, illumination, turbulence, underwater obstacles and the like of the water, and the problem that the existing underwater communication technology is influenced by complex environments is solved;
the invention has no propagation delay through the conduction of the electric potential in the water channel, is not easily influenced by external environmental factors, and the signal received by the signal receiving equipment is the signal generated by the friction nano generator sensing the external mechanical excitation, thereby solving the problem of unstable underwater transmission of the existing underwater communication technology.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a short circuit current diagram of the output of the triboelectric nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of the current received by the receiving electrode under water in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of currents received by the receiving electrode under water after the transmitting electrode is insulated according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the current received by the receiving electrode under water when the transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode are spaced apart by 1 to 3 meters according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of current peak received underwater as a function of receiving electrode size for an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph of current received underwater as a function of salinity of the water in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph of the current received in a water line as a function of distance between the two electrodes in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph comparing the current received in a straight tube and a curved tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a graph of the digitized modulation of the current signal of the tribo-nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 11 is a current signal diagram of an underwater transmission of text in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1. a friction nanogenerator; 2. an emitter electrode; 3. a water channel; 4. a receiving electrode; 5. a signal receiving device; 6. a back electrode; 7. a friction layer; 8. and a metal electrode.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: an underwater electric field communication device based on a friction nano generator and a use method thereof are disclosed, the device structure is shown in figure 1, the device comprises the friction nano generator, a transmitting electrode, a water channel, a receiving electrode and a signal receiving device, and the friction nano generator is sequentially provided with a back electrode, a friction layer and a metal electrode from inside to outside. The back electrode is grounded and made of strong electronegativity materials, the surface of the back electrode is provided with negative charges, the electrode is grounded or connected with a conductive object to serve as an induction charge bank, the back electrode can be made of conductive materials such as aluminum, copper and conductive ink, the back electrode is grounded or connected with the charge bank such as metal, a built-in electric field between the dielectric material and the back electrode is balanced, and the electric quantity output of the metal electrode end is improved. The friction layer is arranged in parallel with the metal electrode without contact, is made of strong electronegativity materials such as fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyimide, has negative charges on the surface, is grounded or is connected with a conductive object to serve as an induced charge library, can be made of FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), Kapton (polyimide film) and the like, and can increase the surface charges through surface treatment modes such as corona treatment, ion spraying, sand paper polishing and the like. The metal electrode is connected with the emitting electrode, and the metal electrode is made of strong positive materials such as aluminum, copper, silver and gold. The built-in electric field is formed between the two materials by placing the two materials in parallel, the metal material can be selected from aluminum, copper, silver and other materials, and the larger the difference between the electronegativity of the dielectric material and the electropositivity of the metal material is, the larger the formed built-in electric field intensity is. The transmitting electrode is placed in water, an alternating electric field is formed in the water, the transmitting electrode is connected with the receiving electrode placed in the water through a water channel, and potential change occurs together with the metal electrode. The receiving electrode is connected with the signal receiving equipment and is away from the transmitting electrode by a certain distance to induce the electric field changing in water. The signal receiving equipment is used for detecting an electric field signal in water by the electrostatic induction device, and the received current signal is related to the size of a receiving electrode, the ion concentration in the water and the electrode plate angle, the obstacle in the water and the turbidity of the water. The emitter is covered by an insulating material, an electric field can still be formed in water, the electric field can be transmitted in the water pipe, the water pipe is bent, the transmission of the electric field is not influenced by the flow of water, and a current signal can be modulated into a digital signal to be transmitted underwater to carry out character and picture transmission. Under the excitation of external mechanical energy, the dielectric material and the metal material of the friction nano generator move mutually to change the built-in electric field, so that the potential on the metal material changes. By modulating and demodulating the current signal, information can be efficiently transmitted underwater.
Fig. 2 and 3 compare the short-circuit current signal output by the friction nano-generator and the electric signal received by the receiver pole in water. The short-circuit current peak value output by the friction nano generator is 14.9 muA, and the current peak value received by the receiver pole in water is slightly reduced to 14.5 muA. Fig. 4 is a graph of the current signal still measurable when the emitter electrode was insulated from water by Kapton tape, demonstrating that the tribo nanogenerator creates an electric field in the water through the emitter electrode, rather than undergoing an electronic exchange with the water.
Fig. 5 shows the received current signal in the water pool, the water pool has a length of 3m, a width of 2m and a height of 0.4m, and the received current signal is almost the same when the distance between the receiving electrode and the transmitting electrode is increased from 1m to 3 m. Fig. 6 shows the relationship between the current signal received underwater and the size of the receiving electrode, and the peak value of the receiving current can be increased by using a receiving electrode plate with a larger area. For a 10cm x 5cm electrode plate, the peak value of the current signal increased by 18% compared to the thin wire.
Fig. 7 is the current received underwater as a function of the salinity of the water. Compared with pure water, the peak value of the current signal in water is increased by 40% when the salinity is 5g/L, and the ions in the water can enhance the electric field. If more salt is added to the water, the current signal will become independent of water salinity. In addition, the underwater electric field generated by the friction nano-generator is independent of obstacles in water and the turbidity of water.
Fig. 8 is a graph of the peak current received by the receiver electrode in the water line. In a saline filled pipe, the peak value of the current also decreases with the distance between the transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode. For a distance of 100m, the current peak is reduced by 66%. Fig. 9 shows that the current signal received in the toroid is the same as in the straight tube. The electric field can also normally propagate in the oil-water mixture, and the flow of the liquid does not influence the propagation of the electric field. Therefore, the electric field communication based on the friction nano-generator can be applied to complex pipelines.
Fig. 10 and 11 illustrate the modulation and demodulation of the subsea current signal. The current signal sent by the friction nano generator is modulated into a digital signal, and text information can be transmitted in water through electric field communication. The current signal from the friction nano-generator becomes an intermittent signal after being processed by the modulator, and the long signal is set to be 1, and the short signal is set to be 0. After transmission through the water, the modulated digital signal is received by the receiver electrode and the measuring device. The current signal may be modulated into text by standard encoding. After transmission in water, the received signal can be accurately demodulated into the original text.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An underwater electric field communication device based on a friction nano generator, comprising: friction nanometer generator (1), emitter electrode (2), water channel (3), receiving electrode (4) and signal reception equipment (5), friction nanometer generator (1) has set gradually back electrode (6), frictional layer (7) and metal electrode (8) from inside to outside, back electrode (6) ground connection, frictional layer (7) with metal electrode (8) parallel contactless is placed, emitter electrode (2) is connected in metal electrode (8), emitter electrode (2) are arranged in the aquatic, link to each other through water channel (3) and receiving electrode (4) of arranging the aquatic in, receiving electrode (4) are connected signal reception equipment (5).
2. The underwater electric field communication device based on the friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein: the signal receiving equipment (5) is an electrostatic induction device.
3. The underwater electric field communication device based on the friction nanogenerator of claim 2, wherein: the friction layer (7) is made of a strong electronegative material.
4. The underwater electric field communication device based on the friction nanogenerator of claim 3, wherein: a strong positive electrode material is used for the metal electrode (8).
5. An application method of an underwater electric field communication device based on a friction nanometer generator is realized based on the device of any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
applying external force to the friction nano generator (1) to enable a metal electrode (8) of the friction nano generator (1) to make contact and separation movement with the friction layer (7), so that negative charges are generated on the surface of the friction layer (7), and the back electrode is grounded or connected with a conductive object to serve as an induced charge library;
the metal electrode (8) and the dielectric material are placed in parallel to establish a built-in electric field
The friction layer (7) and the metal electrode (8) move relatively, and charges in the induction charge library flow to the metal electrode (8) through a built-in electric field;
connecting the metal electrode (8) with the emission electrode (2), wherein electrons in the metal electrode (8) flow to the emission electrode (2);
the surface potential of the transmitting electrode (2) changes to form an alternating electric field in the water;
ions in the water generate reciprocating motion along with the alternation of the alternating electric field and impact a receiving electrode (4);
the receiving electrode (4) induces the change condition of the electric field in water, the electric potential of the receiving electrode is changed and converted into an electric signal to be transmitted to the signal receiving equipment (5);
a signal receiving device (5) receives a signal.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114665973A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-24 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Self-powered non-visible light communication system and method based on mechanical modulation |
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Application publication date: 20210924 |