CN113420491B - Method for evaluating organ radiation dose of experimental animal irradiated outside particles - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of radiation protection, and provides a method for evaluating organ radiation dose of an experimental animal irradiated outside particles, wherein organ dose conversion factors are obtained by utilizing a digital model of the experimental animal and particle transportation simulation calculation, and then organ radiation dose evaluation can be carried out by measuring air kerma; the problem that the organ dose is difficult to measure directly is solved, and the technical effect of improving the convenience and the accuracy of organ dose evaluation is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radiation protection, in particular to a method and a device for evaluating the radiation dose of organs of an experimental animal irradiated outside particles, electronic equipment and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
With the intensive research on the biological effect of ionizing radiation, researchers find that the average dosage of the whole body cannot meet the requirement of biological effect evaluation; the relationship between the biological effect of ionizing radiation and the dosage is an important theoretical basis for radiation protection, namely medical treatment of radiation injury. Therefore, researchers often use experimental animals (mice, rats, monkeys, etc.) to study the relationship between organ radiation dose and biological effect under extragranular irradiation conditions. However, because radiation detectors cannot be placed directly inside individual organs, organ radiation dose is difficult to measure directly experimentally.
In the prior art, a tissue equivalent phantom (such as a three-dimensional water tank) is manufactured to roughly represent an experimental animal, then a tissue equivalent ionization chamber is placed at different positions in the phantom, radiation doses at different positions in the phantom are measured, and then the radiation dose of an organ is estimated. Although, the estimation of the organ radiation dose of the experimental animals is done, it has the following drawbacks:
1) the manufacturing of an equivalent body model is needed, time and labor are wasted, and the detection cost is increased;
2) the existing equivalent phantom has simple geometric structure, is only a cube or a cylinder consisting of a single substance (water or equivalent plastics), and does not have each organ tissue in the phantom; therefore, the anatomical shape and position of each organ tissue cannot be reflected, and the problem that the measurement result cannot accurately reflect the size and change rule of the radiation dose of the organ is caused;
3) the measurement cycle is long, and the measurement steps are cumbersome, resulting in lower measurement efficiency.
Therefore, a method for evaluating the organ radiation dose of an experimental animal irradiated outside particles with high measurement efficiency is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method, a device, electronic equipment and a computer-readable storage medium for evaluating organ radiation dose of an experimental animal irradiated outside particles, wherein organ dose conversion factors are obtained by utilizing an experimental animal digital model and particle transportation simulation calculation, and then the organ radiation dose evaluation of the experimental animal can be carried out only by measuring air kerma; the method has the technical effects of time and labor saving, high measurement efficiency and high evaluation accuracy.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the radiation dose of an organ of an experimental animal irradiated outside particles, the method comprising:
preprocessing a sequence tomographic image of an experimental animal to form a sequence tomographic image data set, and establishing an experimental animal digital model by using the sequence tomographic image data set;
obtaining the voxel number T of each organ through the color value of each organ of the experimental animal digital modelnAnd using the number of voxels T of said respective organnObtaining the mass M of each organn(ii) a Calculating and acquiring the energy deposition value D of each organ of the experimental animal digital model under different particle energies E and different irradiation geometric conditions G by using particle transport simulation softwaren(G, E); wherein the content of the first and second substances,n belongs to (1, 2, 3 … T), and T is the total number of organs; g e (LL, RL, DV, VD, ISO);
according to the energy deposition value D of each organn(G, E) and Mass M of the respective organsnObtaining organ dose conversion factor F for each organn（G，E）；
Organ dose conversion factor F from organ to organn(G, E) and free air kerma KaCalculating the organ radiation dose O of each organ under the condition of particle external irradiationn(G, E); wherein the free air kerma KaObtained by measurement of a radiation measuring instrument, On（G，E）=Ka×Fn（G，E）。
Further, it is preferable to use the voxel number T of each organ by the following formulanAnd organ density data ρ of each organnObtaining the mass M of each organn；
wherein, the unit is g; organ density data ρnIn units of g cm-3The number of the sequence fault images is k, the thickness between the sequence fault images is i, and i is less than or equal to 0.2 cm; the size of the sequence tomographic image is l multiplied by h pixels, the pixel resolution is j multiplied by j, and j multiplied by j is less than or equal to 0.1 cm multiplied by 0.1 cm.
Further, it is preferable to use the energy deposition value D by the following formulan(G, E) and Mass M of the respective organsnObtaining organ dose conversion factor F for each organn（G，E）；
Fn（G，E）=1.602×10-10×Dn（G，E）/Mn×A/KE(ii) a Wherein D isn(G, E) is the energy E of the particles and the energy deposition value of the organs of the experimental animal under the irradiation geometrical condition G, and the unit is MeV; mnIs the mass of each organ in g; a is the cross-sectional area of the particle source and is expressed in cm2；KEThe unit fluence free air kerma when the particle energy is E, in pGycm2(ii) a And the number of the first and second electrodes,
when G ∈ (LL, RL, DV, VD), the particle source is a rectangular plane source, A = XY; the rectangle is X cm in length and Y cm in width, and X is larger than k X i, Y is larger than l X j, and Y is larger than h X j;
when G ∈ (LL, RL, DV, VD) and the particle source is a circular plane source, A = π r2(ii) a Wherein the circular diameter is r cm and r>k×i, r >l×j，r>h×j；
When G is ISO, the particle source is a spherical source, and the irradiation direction is towards the inside of the sphere, A = π R2(ii) a Wherein the spherical diameter is R cm, and
, 
，
。
further, preferably, when the particle energy E is less than or equal to 0.3 MeV, the radiation measuring instrument is a free air ionization chamber; when the particle energy is E >0.3 MeV, the radiation measuring instrument is a graphite cavity ionization chamber.
Further, it is preferable that the free air kerma per unit fluence K is a unit fluence of the particle energy EEObtained by the following formula:
KE=160.22×µtr/[ rho ] xE, wherein, [ mu ] mtrThe/rho is the mass energy transfer coefficient of the particles in the air, and E is the particle energy;
when the particles are non-monoenergetic particles with energy spectrum distribution characteristics, the particle energy E is obtained by the following formula:
，
is in an amount of
The particle energy E of (3).
Further, preferably, when the incident particle energy is greater than 1MeV, the transport simulation is performed on all the secondary particles generated by the incident particle energy, and the secondary particle cutoff energy is 1 KeV;
when the incident particle energy is less than 1MeV, the generated secondary particles are not subjected to transport simulation, and the incident particle loss energy is deposited in situ at the secondary particle generation position.
Further, it is preferred that when the particle energy is greater than 0.1MeV and the organ to be assessed is a micro organ or tissue having a volume < 1cm, the simulation of secondary particle transport is still performed with a particle cutoff energy of 1 KeV.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention further provides a device for evaluating organ radiation dose of an experimental animal irradiated outside particles, wherein the device comprises an experimental animal digital model establishing module, a voxel number obtaining module, an organ dose conversion factor obtaining module and an organ radiation dose obtaining module;
the experimental animal digital model establishing module is used for preprocessing a sequence tomographic image of an experimental animal to form a sequence tomographic image data set, and establishing an experimental animal digital model by using the sequence tomographic image data set;
the voxel number acquisition module is used for acquiring the voxel number T of each organ through the color value of each organ of the experimental animal digital modelnAnd using the number of voxels T of said respective organnObtaining the mass M of each organn(ii) a Calculating and acquiring the energy deposition value D of each organ of the experimental animal digital model under different particle energies E and different irradiation geometric conditions G by using particle transport simulation softwaren(G, E); wherein n belongs to (1, 2, 3 … T), and T is the total number of organs; g e (LL, RL, DV, VD, ISO);
the organ dose conversion factor acquisition module is used for acquiring the energy deposition value D of each organn(G, E) and Mass M of the respective organsnObtaining organ dose conversion factor F for each organn（G，E）；
The organ radiation dose acquisition module is used for converting the factor F according to the organ dose of each organn(G, E) and free air kerma KaCalculating the organ radiation dose O of each organ under the condition of particle external irradiationn(G, E); wherein the free air kerma KaObtained by measurement of a radiation measuring instrument, On（G，E）=Ka×Fn（G，E）。
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention also provides an electronic device, including:
a memory storing at least one instruction; and
and the processor executes the instructions stored in the memory to realize the steps of the method for evaluating the radiation dose of the organ of the experimental animal irradiated outside the particles.
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, having at least one instruction stored therein, where the at least one instruction is executed by a processor in an electronic device to implement the method for evaluating a radiation dose of an organ of an experimental animal irradiated outside particles.
The method saves the steps of establishing an organism equivalent tissue phantom and complicated measurement, obtains organ dose conversion factors only by utilizing an experimental animal digital model and particle transportation simulation calculation, and then measures the air kerma to evaluate the organ radiation dose of the experimental animal; the problem that the organ dose is difficult to measure directly is solved, and the technical effect of improving the convenience and the accuracy of organ dose evaluation is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating the radiation dose of an organ of an experimental animal irradiated outside particles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a preprocessing principle of sequential tomographic images according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the geometry of the extra-particle irradiation provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the extraparticle illumination geometry provided in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a device for evaluating the radiation dose of an organ of an experimental animal by irradiating particles outside the organ according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an electronic device for implementing a method for evaluating a radiation dose of an organ of an experimental animal irradiated outside particles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the prior art, radiation doses at different positions of a three-dimensional water tank are measured by using an experimental method to represent radiation doses of different organs, the method for representing organisms by using the three-dimensional water tank is simple and rough, and the measured numerical value cannot truly reflect the actual radiation dose of the organs.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating a radiation dose of an organ of an experimental animal irradiated outside particles according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The method may be performed by an apparatus, which may be implemented by software and/or hardware.
In the embodiment, the method for evaluating the organ radiation dose of the experimental animal irradiated outside the particle comprises the following steps of S1-S4:
s1, preprocessing the sequence tomographic image of the experimental animal to form a sequence tomographic image data set, and establishing an experimental animal digital model by using the sequence tomographic image data set.
The number of the sequence tomograms is k, the thickness i between the sequence tomograms is less than or equal to 0.2 cm; the pixel resolution of the sequence tomographic image is j multiplied by j, and j multiplied by j is less than or equal to 0.1 cm multiplied by 0.1 cm.
Firstly, obtaining a sequence tomographic image of an experimental animal with higher quality; such as CT pictures, MRI or color anatomical pictures; it should be noted that the number of original tomograms is k, and the size of k should include the whole body of the experimental animal, not just a part of the body. Then, the sequence tomographic image of the experimental animal is preprocessed, and a three-dimensional digital model is generated. The digital model can be a voxel model and the like; taking a voxel model of a mouse as an example, image registration, identification and segmentation are performed on a mouse tomographic sequence color anatomical picture (where the number of original tomographic images is k, and k = 418) by using matlab7.0 and photoshop8.0 image processing software, and then the mouse is three-dimensionally reconstructed by using Visual C + + and Visualization Toolkit (VTK) programming, so as to establish a mouse voxel model with a voxel precision of 0.2 mm × 0.2 mm × 0.2 mm and a voxel number of 9,424,000.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a preprocessing principle of a sequence tomographic image according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
The sequence tomograms of the experimental animal are preprocessed, i.e. useless pixels (i.e. containing no organ tissue) around each original tomogram are cropped. In a specific implementation process, the pretreatment step comprises:
firstly, defining an original sequence tomographic image as an A image, wherein the size of the A image is L multiplied by H pixels, defining the sequence tomographic image after cutting off useless pixels as a B image, and the size of the B image is L multiplied by H pixels;
the distance from the left boundary of the B image to the left boundary of the A image is x pixels, and the distance from the right boundary of the B image to the right boundary of the A image is y pixels; the distance from the upper boundary of the B image to the upper boundary of the A image is u pixels, and the distance from the lower boundary of the B image to the lower boundary of the A image is k pixels; wherein x + H + y = H, u + L + k = L;
reading the color value of the Nth (i, j) pixel in the image A in sequence, wherein u < i is less than or equal to u + l; x is less than or equal to x + h;
establishing a l × h two-dimensional matrix, and sequentially assigning the pixel color values read in the step (c) to each element in the l × h matrix to form a cut image B;
fifthly, repeating the steps from the first original sequence tomogram to the fourth step to finish the cutting of all original sequence tomograms; cutting outAfter cutting off useless pixels, the total number of the pixels (or voxels) of the digital model of the experimental animal is k multiplied by l multiplied by h, and the volume size of each pixel (or voxel) is i multiplied by j cm3。
Identifying and segmenting organ tissues of a sequence data set of an experimental animal; wherein, the organ tissues to be identified at least comprise: skin, bone, brain, eye, heart, lung, liver, spleen, stomach, pancreas, large intestine, small intestine, gonad, bladder, muscle. The total number of organ tissues is denoted by T. And automatically segmenting the preprocessed original sequence tomogram by using MATLAB software, and segmenting by using a threshold method to set a large organ threshold range with a large size and a small organ threshold range with a small size so as to prevent dislocation of pixel points.
After the organ tissues are identified and segmented, different identified organ tissues need to be filled with different colors, wherein the color value of the filling is Cn(a, b, c), wherein n ∈ (1, 2, 3 … T), T is the total number of organs; a, B and c respectively represent integer component values of red R, green G and blue B in an RGB color space; and a is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 255, b is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 255, and c is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 255. For example, color value for skin C1(20, 30, 76) filling, bone color value C2(230, 2, 45) filling.
In a word, after the tomographic image of the experimental animal is preprocessed, a sequence data set of the experimental animal is formed, and a three-dimensional voxel model capable of truly reflecting the body type of the experimental animal and the anatomical shape and position of the organ tissue is established through the processes of organ tissue identification and segmentation, three-dimensional reconstruction and the like.
S2, obtaining the voxel number T of each organ through the color value of each organ of the experimental animal digital modelnAnd using the number of voxels T of said respective organnObtaining the mass M of each organn(ii) a Calculating and acquiring the energy deposition value D of each organ of the experimental animal digital model under different particle energies E and different irradiation geometric conditions G by using particle transport simulation softwaren(G, E). Wherein n belongs to (1, 2, 3 … T), and T is the total number of organs; g ∈ (LL, RL, DV, VD, ISO).
Specifically, LL indicates that the extragranular irradiation geometry is left-sided, RL indicates that the extragranular irradiation geometry is right-sided, VD indicates that the extragranular irradiation geometry is ventral-dorsal, DV indicates that the extragranular irradiation geometry is dorso-ventral, and ISO indicates that the extragranular irradiation geometry is isotropic.
Obtaining the voxel number T of each organ according to the color value of each organn(ii) a And passing the number of voxels T of said respective organnAnd organ density data ρ of each organnObtaining the mass M of each organn(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
n belongs to (1, 2, 3 … T), T is the total number of organs and is in g; organ density data ρnIn units of g cm-3。
It should be noted that the number of voxels T per organ is calculatednN ∈ (1, 2, 3 … T), T is the total number of organs. Obtaining the voxel number T of each organ according to the color value of each organnThe method comprises the following steps: starting from the 1 st pixel of the first image of the tomographic image dataset, traversing the color values of all k × l × h pixels of the digital model of the experimental animal if the color values belong to a certain organ tissue Cn(a, b, c), accumulating the voxel number of the organ until obtaining the voxel number T of each organn。
Physical attributes (namely element composition and density value) are given to the experimental animal digital model, and further the mass of each organ is obtained. Since the density of the organ is determined by the chemical element composition and the mass percentage of the elements, the mass of the organ is affected. The elemental composition is correlated to the organ mass calculation. More importantly, the actual element composition of the animal organ is reflected as truly as possible, and the accurate organ dose value can be obtained during subsequent organ radiation dose calculation. Thus, different organ tissues are given different elemental compositions and density values. Elemental composition of organ tissue with Yn{(e1，p1)，(e2，p2)，(e3，p3)，… (ei，pi) Represents; wherein n belongs to (1, 2, 3 … T), and T is the total number of organs; e.g. of the typeiDenotes a certain chemical element, piRepresents the mass percent of the chemical element, and p1+p2+p3…+piAnd = 1. Density per organ is ρnN is (1, 2, 3 … T), T is the total number of organs and is given in g cm-3。
For example, the physical properties of skin are: y is1{ (C, 32%), (H, 45%), (O, 22%), (N, 1%) }, with a density value ρ1=1.04 g cm-3。
The number of voxels T passing through the respective organnAnd organ density data ρ of each organnObtaining the mass M of each organn(ii) a The mass of each organ tissue is
N belongs to (1, 2, 3 … T), and T is the total number of organs; the unit is g.
In a specific implementation, in order to make the organ dose of the experimental animal reflect the dose variation rule of the human organs as much as possible, the physical properties of the digital model of the experimental animal should be consistent with those of the human body, so that the elemental composition and density values of all organ tissues are reported by international committee for radiation and measurement (ICRU) 44 and ICRU 46.
S3, energy deposition value D according to each organn(G, E) and Mass M of the respective organsnObtaining organ dose conversion factor F for each organn(G, E). Wherein n belongs to (1, 2, 3 … T), and T is the total number of organs; g ∈ (LL, RL, DV, VD, ISO).
Using energy deposition value Dn(G, E) and Mass M of the respective organsnObtaining organ dose conversion factor F for each organn(G, E); wherein, Fn（G，E）=1.602×10-10×Dn（G，E）/Mn×A/KE； Dn(G, E) is the energy E of the particles and the energy deposition value of the organs of the experimental animal under the irradiation geometrical condition GIn MeV; mnIs the mass of each organ in g; a is the cross-sectional area of the particle source and is expressed in cm2；KEThe unit fluence free air kerma when the particle energy is E is pGy cm2(ii) a In a specific implementation, for the cross-sectional area a of the particle source, when the photon source is a rectangular planar source, a = XY; when the photon source is a circular plane source, A = π r2(ii) a When the photon source is a spherical source, A = π R2。
In a specific implementation, the particle transport simulation software may be a monte carlo program. The particles in the extraparticle irradiation may be protons, electrons, photons, neutrons, alpha particles, and the like. In this embodiment, the extra-particle irradiation is photon irradiation.
Fig. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of the extragranular irradiation geometry principle provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 3 and 4 show that different irradiation geometry conditions G, G e (LL, RL, DV, VD, ISO) are set for experimental mice in order to obtain radiation doses of various organs under different irradiation geometry conditions; wherein LL denotes that the geometric mode of the extragranular irradiation is left-side, RL denotes that the geometric mode of the extragranular irradiation is right-side, VD denotes that the geometric mode of the extragranular irradiation is ventral-dorsal, DV denotes that the geometric mode of the extragranular irradiation is dorsoventral, and ISO denotes that the geometric mode of the extragranular irradiation is isotropic.
In a specific implementation process, when G is an element (LL, RL, DV and VD) and a particle source is a rectangular plane source, A = XY; the rectangle is X cm in length and Y cm in width, and X is larger than k X i, Y is larger than l X j, and Y is larger than h X j;
when G ∈ (LL, RL, DV, VD) and the particle source is a circular plane source, A = π r2(ii) a Wherein the circular diameter is r cm and r>k×i， r >l×j，r>h×j；
When G is ISO, the particle source is a spherical source, and the irradiation direction is towards the inside of the sphere, A = π R2(ii) a Wherein the spherical diameter is R cm, and
, 
，
。
when the actual irradiation pattern does not fully conform to LL, RL, DV or VD, the organ dose is calculated using the organ dose conversion factor of the ISO irradiation geometry.
In order to obtain the value of the organ dose of the experimental animal under the irradiation of different photon energies, the energy E of the photon is respectively set as follows: 0.01, 0.015, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 MeV.
In the specific implementation process, when the particle energy E is less than or equal to 0.3 MeV, the radiation measuring instrument is a free air ionization chamber; when the particle energy is E >0.3 MeV, the radiation measuring instrument is a graphite cavity ionization chamber.
In a specific embodiment, when the particles are non-monoenergetic particles having a spectral distribution, the particle energy E is obtained by the following formula:
，
is in an amount of
The particle energy E of (3). That is, if the photon is a non-monoenergetic photon having a spectral distribution characteristic, it is necessary to first obtain the average energy of the photon as the particle energy E.
In a specific embodiment, in the simulation process of photon transportation in the experimental animal body, in order to take both simulation calculation efficiency and calculation precision into consideration, the simulation method of photon transportation in the experimental animal body is set as follows: 1) when the photon energy is less than 1MeV, the transportation simulation is not carried out on the secondary electrons generated by the Compton effect and the photoelectric effect, and the energy lost by incident photons is deposited at the effect generating position on site; 2) if the electron pair effect occurs, a pair of annihilation photons with the energy of 0.511MeV and opposite flight directions is generated, and the residual energy of the original incident photons is locally deposited at the position where the electron pair effect occurs; 3) if the photon energy is less than 4keV, the photon transport history is considered to be over and the energy it carries is deposited at the current location.
In addition, when the incident particle energy is greater than 1MeV, transport simulation is performed on all the secondary particles it produces, with the secondary particle cutoff energy set to 1 KeV. For the scene of photon external irradiation, when the photon energy is more than 1MeV, all secondary electrons generated by the photon energy are subjected to detailed transport simulation, and the secondary electron cut-off energy is 1 KeV.
However, in a specific implementation process, in order to improve the simulation calculation efficiency without affecting the accuracy of the calculation result, when the particle energy is less than 1MeV, the transport simulation is not performed on the generated secondary particles, and the loss energy of the incident particles is locally deposited at the secondary particle generation site. As an improvement of this example, when the particle energy is greater than 0.1MeV and the organ to be evaluated is a micro-organ or tissue harvested at a volume < 1cm, the secondary particle transport simulation was performed with a particle cutoff energy of 1 KeV. In addition, when the organ to be detected is skin, the skin organ does not belong to a micro organ, but in order to improve the simulation efficiency, all secondary electrons generated by photons are subjected to detailed transport simulation, and the electron cut-off energy is 1 KeV.
S4 organ dose conversion factor F according to each organn(G, E) and free air kerma KaCalculating the organ radiation dose O of each organ under the condition of particle external irradiationn(G, E); wherein the free air kerma KaObtained by measurement of a radiation measuring instrument, On（G，E）=Ka×Fn（G，E）。
Further, the unit fluence free air kerma K when the particle energy is EEObtained by the following formula: kE=160.22×µtr/[ rho ] xE, wherein, [ mu ] mtrAnd/rho is the mass energy transfer coefficient of the particles in the air, and E is the particle energy. KECalculated value of such asTable 1 shows:
TABLE 1 air kerma K of monoenergetic photons per unit fluenceE
By Fn(G, E) calculating a formula to obtain the organ dose conversion factor of a certain organ of the experimental animal. Table 2 shows organ dose conversion factors F (G, E) of the hearts of experimental animals in different irradiation geometries under the external irradiation with different energy photons.
TABLE 2 conversion factor between the absorbed dose in the heart of mice and the kerma of free air
Obtaining free air kerma K by measuring with radiation measuring instrumentaAnd converting factor F according to organ dose of each organn(G, E) and free air kerma KaCalculating the organ radiation dose O under the condition of particle external irradiationn(G, E); wherein, On（G，E）=Ka×Fn（G，E）。
Compared with the traditional method for measuring the radiation doses at different positions of the three-dimensional water tank to represent different organ doses by utilizing an experimental method, the method for evaluating the radiation dose of the organs of the experimental animal irradiated outside the particles represents the heart organ dose by using the measured dose value at the depth of 15cm in the three-dimensional water tank under the scene that the photon energy is irradiated in the forward direction of 1.25 MeV; compared with the measured value, the cardiac radiation dose obtained by the invention has the advantages that the precision is improved by more than 30 percent; the method has the advantage that compared with the method of representing organisms by using a three-dimensional water tank, the method achieves the technical effect of improving the evaluation precision of the radiation dose of the organs of the experimental animal.
As shown in FIG. 5, the present invention provides an apparatus 500 for evaluating the dose of radiation irradiating an organ of an experimental animal outside particles, which can be installed in an electronic device. According to the realized functions, the device 500 for evaluating the organ radiation dose of the extragranular irradiated experimental animal can comprise an experimental animal digital model establishing module 510, a voxel number obtaining module 520, an organ dose conversion factor obtaining module 530 and an organ radiation dose obtaining module 540. The module of the present invention, which may also be referred to as a unit, refers to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by a processor of an electronic device and that can perform a fixed function, and that are stored in a memory of the electronic device.
In the present embodiment, the functions regarding the respective modules/units are as follows:
the experimental animal digital model establishing module 510 is configured to preprocess a sequence tomographic image of an experimental animal to form a sequence tomographic image data set, and establish an experimental animal digital model by using the sequence tomographic image data set;
the voxel number obtaining module 520 is configured to obtain the voxel number T of each organ through the color value of each organ of the digital experimental animal modelnAnd using the number of voxels T of said respective organnObtaining the mass M of each organn(ii) a Calculating and acquiring the energy deposition value D of each organ of the experimental animal digital model under different particle energies E and different irradiation geometric conditions G by using particle transport simulation softwaren(G, E); wherein n belongs to (1, 2, 3 … T), and T is the total number of organs; g e (LL, RL, DV, VD, ISO);
the organ dose conversion factor obtaining module 530 is used for obtaining the energy deposition value D according to each organn(G, E) and Mass M of the respective organsnObtaining organ dose conversion factor F for each organn（G，E）；
The organ radiation dose obtaining module 540 is used for converting the factor F according to the organ dose of each organn(G, E) and free air kerma KaCalculating the organ radiation dose O of each organ under the condition of particle external irradiationn(G, E); wherein the free air kerma KaObtained by measurement of a radiation measuring instrument, On（G，E）=Ka×Fn（G，E）. The device 500 for evaluating the organ radiation dose of the experimental animal irradiated outside the particles obtains the organ dose conversion factor by utilizing the digital model of the experimental animal and the simulation calculation of particle transportation, and then measures the air kerma to evaluate the organ radiation dose of the experimental animal; the problem that the organ dose is difficult to measure directly is solved, and the technical effect of improving the convenience and the accuracy of organ dose evaluation is achieved.
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention provides an electronic device 6 for evaluating the radiation dose of the organ of the experimental animal irradiated outside the particles.
The electronic device 6 may comprise a processor 60, a memory 61 and a bus, and may further comprise a computer program, such as an extragranular exposure experimental animal organ radiation dose evaluation program 62, stored in the memory 61 and executable on said processor 60.
The memory 61 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, which includes flash memory, removable hard disk, multimedia card, card type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory, etc.), magnetic memory, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. The memory 61 may in some embodiments be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 6, for example a removable hard disk of the electronic device 6. The memory 61 may also be an external storage device of the electronic device 6 in other embodiments, such as a plug-in mobile hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), and the like, provided on the electronic device 6. Further, the memory 61 may also include both an internal storage unit of the electronic device 6 and an external storage device. The memory 61 can be used not only for storing application software installed in the electronic device 6 and various types of data, such as codes of a radiation dose evaluation program for extragranular irradiation of an organ of an experimental animal, etc., but also for temporarily storing data that has been output or will be output.
The processor 60 may be formed of an integrated circuit in some embodiments, for example, a single packaged integrated circuit, or may be formed of a plurality of integrated circuits packaged with the same or different functions, including one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital Processing chips, graphics processors, and combinations of various control chips. The processor 60 is a Control Unit (Control Unit) of the electronic device, connects various components of the electronic device by using various interfaces and lines, and executes various functions and processing data of the electronic device 6 by running or executing programs or modules (e.g., an extragranular exposure experimental animal organ radiation dose evaluation program, etc.) stored in the memory 61 and calling data stored in the memory 61.
The bus may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The bus is arranged to enable connection communication between the memory 61 and at least one processor 60 or the like.
Fig. 6 shows only an electronic device with components, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in fig. 6 does not constitute a limitation of the electronic device 6, and may comprise fewer or more components than those shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components.
For example, although not shown, the electronic device 6 may further include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component, and preferably, the power supply may be logically connected to the at least one processor 60 through a power management device, so that functions such as charge management, discharge management, and power consumption management are implemented through the power management device. The power supply may also include any component of one or more dc or ac power sources, recharging devices, power failure detection circuitry, power converters or inverters, power status indicators, and the like. The electronic device 6 may further include various sensors, a bluetooth module, a Wi-Fi module, and the like, which are not described herein again.
Further, the electronic device 6 may further include a network interface, and optionally, the network interface may include a wired interface and/or a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface, a bluetooth interface, etc.), which are generally used to establish a communication connection between the electronic device 6 and other electronic devices.
Optionally, the electronic device 6 may further comprise a user interface, which may be a Display (Display), an input unit (such as a Keyboard), and optionally a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the display may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touch device, or the like. The display, which may also be referred to as a display screen or display unit, is suitable for displaying information processed in the electronic device 6 and for displaying a visualized user interface.
It is to be understood that the described embodiments are for purposes of illustration only and that the scope of the appended claims is not limited to such structures.
The memory 61 in the electronic device 6 stores an extragranular exposure experimental animal organ radiation dose evaluation program 62 which is a combination of instructions which, when executed in the processor 60, enables:
preprocessing a sequence tomographic image of an experimental animal to form a sequence tomographic image data set, and establishing an experimental animal digital model by using the sequence tomographic image data set;
obtaining the voxel number T of each organ through the color value of each organ of the experimental animal digital modelnAnd using the number of voxels T of said respective organnObtaining the mass M of each organn(ii) a Obtaining the energy deposition value D of each organ of the experimental animal digital model under different particle energies E and different irradiation geometric conditions G by using particle transport simulation softwaren(G, E); wherein n belongs to (1, 2, 3 … T), and T is the total number of organs; g e (LL, RL, DV, VD, ISO);
according to the energy deposition value D of each organn(G, E) and Mass M of the respective organsnObtaining organ dose conversion factor F for each organn（G，E）；
Organ dose conversion factor F from organ to organn(G, E) and free air kerma KaCalculating the organ radiation dose O of each organ under the condition of particle external irradiationn(G, E); wherein the free air kerma KaObtained by measurement of a radiation measuring instrument, On（G，E）=k×Fn（G，E）。
Specifically, the processor 60 may refer to the description of the relevant steps in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1, and details thereof are not repeated herein. It should be emphasized that, in order to further ensure the privacy and safety of the above-mentioned extragranular exposure experimental animal organ radiation dose evaluation procedure, the above-mentioned database can be stored with the processing data in the nodes of the block chain where the server cluster is located.
Further, the integrated modules/units of the electronic device 6, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as separate products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying said computer program code, recording medium, U-disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM).
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the storage medium may be nonvolatile or volatile, and the storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements: preprocessing a sequence tomographic image of an experimental animal to form a sequence tomographic image data set, and establishing an experimental animal digital model by using the sequence tomographic image data set;
obtaining the voxel number T of each organ through the color value of each organ of the experimental animal digital modelnAnd using the number of voxels T of said respective organnObtaining the mass M of each organn(ii) a Obtaining the energy deposition values of organs of the experimental animal digital model under different particle energies E and different irradiation geometric conditions G by using particle transport simulation softwareDn(G, E); wherein n belongs to (1, 2, 3 … T), and T is the total number of organs; g e (LL, RL, DV, VD, ISO);
according to the energy deposition value D of each organn(G, E) and Mass M of the respective organsnObtaining organ dose conversion factor F for each organn（G，E）；
Organ dose conversion factor F from organ to organn(G, E) and free air kerma KaCalculating the organ radiation dose O of each organ under the condition of particle external irradiationn(G, E); wherein the free air kerma KaObtained by measurement of a radiation measuring instrument, On（G，E）=Ka×Fn（G，E）。
Specifically, the specific implementation method of the computer program when being executed by the processor can refer to the description of the relevant steps in the method for evaluating the radiation dose of the organ of the experimental animal irradiated outside the particle in the embodiment, which is not repeated herein.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus, device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules is only one logical functional division, and other divisions may be realized in practice.
The modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as modules may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
In addition, functional modules in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, or in a form of hardware plus a software functional module.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof.
The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The block chain is a novel application mode of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, a consensus mechanism, an encryption algorithm and the like. A block chain (Blockchain), which is essentially a decentralized database, is a series of data blocks associated by using a cryptographic method, and each data block contains information of a batch of network transactions, so as to verify the validity (anti-counterfeiting) of the information and generate a next block. The blockchain may include a blockchain underlying platform, a platform product service layer, an application service layer, and the like.
Furthermore, it is obvious that the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. A plurality of units or means recited in the system claims may also be implemented by one unit or means in software or hardware. The terms second, etc. are used to denote names, but not any particular order.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for evaluating the radiation dose of an organ of an experimental animal irradiated outside particles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preprocessing a sequence tomographic image of an experimental animal to form a sequence tomographic image data set, and establishing an experimental animal digital model by using the sequence tomographic image data set;
obtaining the voxel number T of each organ through the color value of each organ of the experimental animal digital modelnAnd using the number of voxels T of said respective organnObtaining the mass M of each organn(ii) a Calculating and acquiring the energy deposition value D of each organ of the experimental animal digital model under different particle energies E and different irradiation geometric conditions G by using particle transport simulation softwaren(G, E); wherein n belongs to (1, 2, 3 … T), and T is the total number of organs; g e (LL, RL, DV, VD, ISO);
according to the energy deposition value D of each organn(G, E) and Mass M of the respective organsnObtaining organ dose conversion factor F for each organn（G，E）；
Organ dose conversion factor F from organ to organn(G, E) and free air kerma KaCalculating the organ radiation dose O of each organ under the condition of particle external irradiationn(G, E); wherein the free air kerma KaObtained by measurement of a radiation measuring instrument, On（G，E）=Ka×Fn（G，E）。
2. The method of evaluating the dose of radiation to an organ of an experimental animal irradiated with the extra-particle according to claim 1,
using the number of voxels T of each organ by the following formulanAnd organ density data ρ of each organnObtaining the mass M of each organn；
wherein, the unit is g; organ density data ρnIn units of g cm-3The process is as followsThe number of the column tomograms is k, the thickness between the sequence tomograms is i, and i is less than or equal to 0.2 cm; the size of the sequence tomographic image is l multiplied by h pixels, the pixel resolution is j multiplied by j, and j multiplied by j is less than or equal to 0.1 cm multiplied by 0.1 cm.
3. The method of evaluating the dose of radiation to an organ of an experimental animal irradiated with the extra-particle according to claim 2,
deposit value D with energy by the following formulan(G, E) and Mass M of the respective organsnObtaining organ dose conversion factor F for each organn（G，E）；
Fn（G，E）=1.602×10-10×Dn（G，E）/Mn×A/KE(ii) a Wherein D isn(G, E) is the energy E of the particles and the energy deposition value of the organs of the experimental animal under the irradiation geometrical condition G, and the unit is MeV; mnIs the mass of each organ in g; a is the cross-sectional area of the particle source and is expressed in cm2；KEThe unit fluence free air kerma when the particle energy is E, in pGycm2(ii) a And the number of the first and second electrodes,
when G ∈ (LL, RL, DV, VD), the particle source is a rectangular plane source, A = XY; the rectangle is X cm in length and Y cm in width, and X is larger than k X i, Y is larger than l X j, and Y is larger than h X j;
when G ∈ (LL, RL, DV, VD) and the particle source is a circular plane source, A = π r2(ii) a Wherein the circular diameter is r cm and r>k×i, r >l×j，r>h×j；
When G is ISO, the particle source is a spherical source, and the irradiation direction is towards the inside of the sphere, A = π R2(ii) a Wherein the spherical diameter is R cm, and
, 
，
。
4. the method of evaluating the dose of radiation to an organ of an experimental animal irradiated with the extra-particle according to claim 1,
when the particle energy E is less than or equal to 0.3 MeV, the radiation measuring instrument is a free air ionization chamber; when the particle energy is E >0.3 MeV, the radiation measuring instrument is a graphite cavity ionization chamber.
5. The method of evaluating the dose of radiation to an organ of an experimental animal irradiated with the extra-particle according to claim 3,
the unit fluence free air kerma K when the particle energy is EEObtained by the following formula:
KE=160.22×µtr/[ rho ] xE, wherein, [ mu ] mtrThe/rho is the mass energy transfer coefficient of the particles in the air, and E is the particle energy;
when the particles are non-monoenergetic particles with energy spectrum distribution characteristics, the particle energy E is obtained by the following formula:
，
is in an amount of
The particle energy E of (3).
6. The method of evaluating the dose of radiation to an organ of an experimental animal irradiated with the extra-particle according to claim 5,
when the incident particle energy is more than 1MeV, carrying out transport simulation on all secondary particles generated by the incident particle energy, and setting the cut-off energy of the secondary particles to be 1 KeV;
when the particle energy is less than 1MeV, transport simulation is not performed on the secondary particles generated from the particles, and the lost energy of the incident particles is deposited in situ where the secondary particles are generated.
7. The method of evaluating the dose of radiation to an organ of an experimental animal irradiated with the extra-particle according to claim 6,
when the particle energy was greater than 0.1MeV and the organ to be evaluated was a micro organ or tissue with a volume < 1cm, the secondary particle transport simulation was still performed with a particle cutoff energy of 1 KeV.
8. The device for evaluating the organ radiation dose of the experimental animal irradiated outside the particles is characterized by comprising an experimental animal digital model establishing module, a voxel quantity obtaining module, an organ dose conversion factor obtaining module and an organ radiation dose obtaining module;
the experimental animal digital model establishing module is used for preprocessing a sequence tomographic image of an experimental animal to form a sequence tomographic image data set, and establishing an experimental animal digital model by using the sequence tomographic image data set;
the voxel number acquisition module is used for acquiring the voxel number T of each organ through the color value of each organ of the experimental animal digital modelnAnd using the number of voxels T of said respective organnObtaining the mass M of each organn(ii) a Calculating and acquiring the energy deposition value D of each organ of the experimental animal digital model under different particle energies E and different irradiation geometric conditions G by using particle transport simulation softwaren(G, E); wherein n belongs to (1, 2, 3 … T), and T is the total number of organs; g e (LL, RL, DV, VD, ISO);
the organ dose conversion factor acquisition module is used for acquiring the energy deposition value D of each organn(G, E) and Mass M of the respective organsnObtaining organ dose conversion factor F for each organn（G，E）；
The organ radiation dose acquisition module is used for converting the factor F according to the organ dose of each organn(G, E) and free air kerma KaCalculating the organ radiation dose O of each organ under the condition of particle external irradiationn(G, E); wherein the self isFrom air kerma KaObtained by measurement of a radiation measuring instrument, On（G，E）=Ka×Fn（G，E）。
9. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the steps of the method of assessing organ radiation dose of an experimental animal for extraparticle irradiation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for evaluating organ radiation dose of an extraparticle irradiation experimental animal according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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